CN1072990A - Perforation and fracturing composite bullet - Google Patents
Perforation and fracturing composite bullet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1072990A CN1072990A CN 91111244 CN91111244A CN1072990A CN 1072990 A CN1072990 A CN 1072990A CN 91111244 CN91111244 CN 91111244 CN 91111244 A CN91111244 A CN 91111244A CN 1072990 A CN1072990 A CN 1072990A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fracturing
- bullet
- section
- perforation
- ignition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a perforation and fracturing composite bullet which consists of a perforation section, an explosion ignition section and a fracturing section. The characteristic is that the explosion ignition section connects the perforation section and the fracturing section into a whole, a detonating cord is used to detonate the perforator and the ignition fracturing bullet, a plurality of perforation sections are also connected in series by a detonating cord, and a plurality of perforation fracturing composite bullets are connected in series by a detonating cord. The bullet can simultaneously perforate and fracture in different layers and different directions in the well, has obvious effect, and provides a new tool for the development of petroleum and natural gas.
Description
The present invention relates to puncture the device of sleeve pipe and fracturing rock-layer underground, be mainly used in the stratum transformation of oil gas well and the compound bullet for perforation and fracturing of oil development, this bullet is made up of perforated interval, fracturing section etc.
At present in the exploitation of oil and natural gas, perforation and pressure break are the activitiess of two interruptions: penetrate with perforator earlier and wear pipe and cement sheath, and produce thin short crack in the rock of outside cement sheath, surveying, make thin short crack widen and extend with fracturing or high enegry gas fracturing then.The interruption of perforation and pressure break causes energy dissipation because the thin faulted joint that perforator forms can not take advantage of a favourable situation to enlarge, so during pressure break also the energy of handy pressure break open the crack again.
United States Patent (USP) 4391337(1983) introduced a kind of " integral type " compound bullet for perforation and fracturing, this compound bullet jet perforating and high enegry gas fracturing compound be one, promptly the gunpowder used of perforating bullet, detonating fuse and pressure break is loaded among the same housing.This compound resilience energy after high speed penetration jet, the instantaneous powder burning formed " gas wedge " of catching up with, the formation fracture that the effect of gas wedge forms the penetration jet is widened and is extended.But the weak point of this compound bullet is: the powder charge chamber is irregular, causes that powder charge difficulty, danger are picked up, loading density is inhomogeneous, so that influences the stability of charging quality and burning; The powder charge chamber is little, and explosive payload is few, cause the crack width that forms and length DeGrain; The structure of this compound bullet only can changeed fixed direction and same level perforating and fracturing.
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art and a kind of powder charge chamber rule is provided, loading density is even, and explosive payload is unrestricted, and fracturing effect obviously again can be at the compound bullet of different levels different directions while perforating and fracturing.
Design of the present invention: realize above-mentioned purpose, have only perforating bullet and Pressure breaking bullet are separated, not only be divided into two bullets but also fuse mutually on the structure.This separation has correspondingly brought new difficulty again: the one, and powder burning must be at closed system, and the 2nd, powder burning is wanted in time after the perforation, and the way that adopts common ignition and light a fire and carry out respectively says that technically difficulty is very big; If adopt a detonating fuse, can only ignite and to light a fire.Adopt now a kind of lighter, realizes that same detonating fuse ignite perforator earlier and then ignite alms giver's medicine in the igniter, the parallel wave of blast formation excites and is subjected to main ingredient, ignite the again gunpowder of Pressure breaking bullet of the starting mix that ignites, starting mix.Utilize detonating fuse that compound bullet for perforation and fracturing is connected into one.
Compound bullet for perforation and fracturing of the present invention is made up of perforated interval 1-6, the blast section of igniting 7-12 and fracturing section 13-16.
Perforated interval 1-6 is made of the 1-15 perforator, and perforator is made of detonator 1, perforating gun 2, blind hole 3, detonating fuse 4, perforating bullet 5 and bullet frame 6.
Detonator 1: use impact detonator or electric cap, be contained in the detonating fuse upper end and ignite detonating fuse.
Perforating gun 2: make with 45 steel, a lot of blind holes 3 are arranged on the body of a gun.
Detonating fuse 4: use the sheet lead detonating fuse, the upper end is connected with detonator, middle serial connection perforating bullet, and the lower end is connected with the blast section of igniting.
Perforating bullet 5: use the power-assembling breaking armour bullet, be contained in and aim at blind hole 3 on the firing mount 6 as puncturing blind hole and cement sheath.
The blast section of igniting 7-12: by housing 7, igniter 8, alms giver's medicine 9, be subjected to main ingredient 10, ignition grain 11, gland 12, strengthening cap 17, nut 18, bolt 19, go up blind hole 20 and following blind hole 21 is formed.
Housing 7: use 40Mn
2Steel becomes, and top and bottom are that external screw thread is used to connect perforating gun 2 and housing 13.
Igniter 8: made upper and lower blind hole cylindrical structure with 45 steel, last blind hole dress alms giver medicine, following blind hole dress are subjected to main ingredient.
Alms giver's medicine 9: lead azide and Tai An form, and blast produces shock wave.
Be subjected to main ingredient 10: peace too, accept the shock wave ignition grain that ignites.
Ignition grain 11: the column black powder is used for the firing point gunpowder.
Gland 12: with 45
#The dome that steel is made centre bore is used for fixing ignition grain.
Strengthening cap 17: Huang Gang makes, as preventing alms giver's medicine and being subjected to main ingredient loosening.
Fracturing section 13-16: be to constitute by 1-30 Pressure breaking bullet.
Pressure breaking bullet: form by housing 13, ignition charge 14, gunpowder 15, pipe collar 16.
Housing 13:35CrMnSi steel is made.
Ignition charge 14: the powdery black powder, as lighting gunpowder.
Gunpowder 15: be pressed into the two virtue of column porous-3 gunpowder, produce the main charge of high energy gas.
Pipe collar 16: make with 45 steel, be used for the connector between perforator and the Pressure breaking bullet housing.
Perforated interval of the present invention is made of the 1-15 perforator, connect with pipe collar between the perforator, inner with a detonating fuse connection, fracturing section is made of 1-30 Pressure breaking bullet, connect with same pipe collar between the Pressure breaking bullet housing, inner with many ignition grains connections, with the blast section of igniting perforated interval and fracturing section are fused again, between the housing with being threaded, blast is connected with detonating fuse with inside, perforated interval lower end on the section of igniting, and the detonating fuse lower end of perforated interval is fixed on the bolt on the igniter with nut and contacts with alms giver's medicine, and alms giver's medicine is pressed in the last blind hole of igniter, press with strengthening cap, be pressed on down in the blind hole by main ingredient, also press, and be connected with the ignition grain upper end with strengthening cap, the ignition grain lower end is connected with ignition charge on the fracturing section gunpowder, in the ignition grain lower end with the fixing ignition grain of gland.
The present invention can select 1 perforated interval for use in the single level rock, every section 5 perforators, 10 Pressure breaking bullet series connection and 1 blast section of igniting fuse.In multi-level rock, can select 2 perforated intervals for use, every section 5 perforators, 20 Pressure breaking bullet series connection and 1 blast section of igniting fuse, the compound bullet for perforation and fracturing of in multi-level rock, using in the above-mentioned single level rock of also optional usefulness, be in series with detonating fuse, mainly utilize the Pressure breaking bullet powder burning to light detonating fuse, the fuse detonation detonator.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, the powder charge chamber is the cylinder of rule, and powder charge capacity, degree of packing are even, flameholding.
2, the powder charge chamber is unrestricted, and explosive payload is many, and fracturing effect is obvious.
3, can be in different levels perforation and pressure break.
Description of drawings of the present invention is as follows:
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of compound bullet for perforation and fracturing:
1-detonator, 2-housing, 3-blind hole, 4-detonating fuse, 5-perforating bullet, 6-firing mount, 7-housing, 8-igniter, 9-alms giver's medicine, 10-are subjected to main ingredient, 11-ignition grain, 12-gland, 13-housing, 14-ignition charge, 15-gunpowder, 16-pipe collar.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of the blast section of igniting among Fig. 1:
17-strengthening cap, 18-nut, 19-bolt.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of the igniter among Fig. 1:
Blind hole under the last blind hole of 20-, the 21-.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the compound bullet for perforation and fracturing of many perforated intervals:
22-A section, 23-B section, the 24-blast section of igniting, 25-fracturing section.
Fig. 5 is many compound bullet for perforation and fracturing schematic diagram:
26-perforated interval, 27-detonating fuse.
Embodiment:
1, the present invention implements with reference to accompanying drawing 1,2,3:
At first make the blast section of igniting: housing 7 usefulness 35CrMnSi materials processing growth 180mm with reference to accompanying drawing 2, external diameter 108mm, internal diameter 100mm drum, the two ends car becomes tubing round thread, make igniter 8 with reference to accompanying drawing 3, select 45 steel processing growth 70mm maximum outside diameter 25mm for use, last blind hole 20 long 35mm internal diameter 6mm, following blind hole 21 long 30mm upper-end inner diameter 6mm, middle 10mm lower end 15mm also mixes one on igniter top and overlaps bolt 19 and nut 18, be pressed into alms giver's medicine 9 in the last blind hole, following blind hole is pressed into and is subjected to main ingredient 10, and strengthening cap 17 covers, and perforated interval is in series by 5 perforators and connects with pipe collar 16, inner with a detonating fuse series connection, perforator is selected existing 89 formula perforators for use, and fracturing section is in series by 10 Pressure breaking bullets, connects with pipe collar 16, inner with many ignition grains 11 and ignition charge 15 linkings, Pressure breaking bullet is selected existing TYD-90-1 type Pressure breaking bullet for use.
Compound bullet for perforation and fracturing of the present invention is with reference to accompanying drawing 1 assembling: the lower end that the detonating fuse of perforated interval is drawn is fixed on the bolt 19 on the igniter 8 with nut 18, and contact with alms giver's medicine 9 of last blind hole 20, igniter is packed in the housing 7, housing 7 upper ends are connected with housing 2 lower ends, the main ingredient 10 that is subjected to of following blind hole 21 is connected upward ignition grain 11, ignition grain is fixing with gland 12, is connected by the ignition charge 14 of centre bore with Pressure breaking bullet gunpowder 15 tops, and housing 13 upper ends are threaded with housing 7 lower ends.
Load onto impact detonator 1 in perforated interval upper end during test, through ground experiment, reach a detonating fuse and ignites the designing requirement of afterwards igniting earlier, load onto after impact detonator goes into the well in the perforated interval upper end when using in the oil field, the shutoff well head is used and is clashed into excellent detonating primer.
2, the present invention implements with reference to accompanying drawing 4, and perforated interval is divided into two sections of A, B, and every section is in series by 5 perforators, connects with detonating fuse between two sections, and fracturing section is in series by 20 Pressure breaking bullets, and its implementation method is identical with example 1.Perforated interval is loaded onto electric cap when using in the oil field, connects cable shutoff well head electricity consumption detonating primer, is mainly used in the perforating and fracturing of the rock stratum of different levels close together.
3, the present invention implements with reference to accompanying drawing 5: the compound bullet for perforation and fracturing that utilizes example 1 to make connects two bullets by detonating fuse, ignition charge below the ignition grain of detonating fuse upper end and Pressure breaking bullet is connected, the lower end is connected with the detonator of perforator, using method is the same with embodiment 1, is mainly used in the perforating and fracturing of different levels distance rock stratum far away.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of compound bullet for perforation and fracturing is made up of perforated interval and fracturing section, it is characterized in that perforated interval is by 1-15 perforator, fracturing section is made of 1～30 Pressure breaking bullet, drawing right section with blast fuses perforated interval and fracturing section, the dragline lower end of perforator is fixed on the bolt 19 on the igniter 8 with nut 18, and contact with alms giver's medicine 9, alms giver's medicine is pressed in the last blind hole 20 of igniter, the main ingredient 10 that is subjected to that compresses in the following blind hole 21 is connected with ignition grain 11 upper ends, the lower end is connected with the ignition charge 14 on Pressure breaking bullet top, with the fixing ignition grain of gland 12, the perforating gun 2 of compound bullet and housing 13 usefulness housings 7 are threaded.
2, compound bullet according to claim 1 is characterized in that perforated interval is in series by 10 Pressure breaking bullets by 5 perforators and fracturing section.
3, compound bullet according to claim 1 is characterized in that perforated interval is divided into two sections of A, B, and every section 5 perforators connect with detonating fuse between two sections, and fracturing section is in series by 20 Pressure breaking bullets.
4, compound bullet according to claim 2 is characterized in that 2 compound bullet for perforation and fracturing are in series with detonating fuse.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111244 CN1027914C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Perforation and fracturing composite bullet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111244 CN1027914C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Perforation and fracturing composite bullet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1072990A true CN1072990A (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| CN1027914C CN1027914C (en) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=4910527
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111244 Expired - Fee Related CN1027914C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Perforation and fracturing composite bullet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1027914C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1055330C (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 2000-08-09 | 史慧生 | Perforation and fracturing device for oil well |
| CN1073664C (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 2001-10-24 | 地矿部西南石油地质局 | Perforator |
| CN110318723A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-11 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | The intelligent fracturing tool of bottom section |
| CN113898330A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and method |
| US20230168164A1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-01 | Southwest Petroleum University | Device for testing strength and sealing performance of cement sheath after perforation and using method thereof |
-
1991
- 1991-12-03 CN CN 91111244 patent/CN1027914C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073664C (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 2001-10-24 | 地矿部西南石油地质局 | Perforator |
| CN1055330C (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 2000-08-09 | 史慧生 | Perforation and fracturing device for oil well |
| CN110318723A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-11 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | The intelligent fracturing tool of bottom section |
| CN113898330A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and method |
| CN113898330B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-02-02 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Methane in-situ perforation, blasting and fracturing integrated device and method for open hole section of horizontal well |
| US20230168164A1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-01 | Southwest Petroleum University | Device for testing strength and sealing performance of cement sheath after perforation and using method thereof |
| US11828733B2 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-11-28 | Southwest Petroleum University | Device for testing strength and sealing performance of cement sheath after perforation and using method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1027914C (en) | 1995-03-15 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |