CN113898330A - Horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and method - Google Patents
Horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113898330A CN113898330A CN202111197430.3A CN202111197430A CN113898330A CN 113898330 A CN113898330 A CN 113898330A CN 202111197430 A CN202111197430 A CN 202111197430A CN 113898330 A CN113898330 A CN 113898330A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Cr].[Cu] GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device and a method. The invention realizes the multi-stage repeated fracturing work of the fracturing section under the condition of not moving a pipe column, after the fracturing of the section is completed, the fracturing equipment is taken out of the shaft, the perforating bullet is installed again, the process is repeated at the next fracturing section, the staged combustion and explosion fracturing of the horizontal well is realized, so that a diversion fracture network with larger scale is obtained, and the high-efficiency exploitation of shale gas is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device and method for methane in a barefoot section of a horizontal well, which are suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like and belong to the technical field of combustion and explosion fracturing.
Background
The national oil and gas resource evaluation results show that China has quite abundant unconventional oil and gas resources such as dense gas, shale gas and the like. Limited by technology and cost, exploration and development progress is slow, and development of low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs such as dense gas and shale gas is not advanced until recently along with the progress and large-scale application of large-scale hydraulic fracturing modification technology. However, the unconventional oil and gas resources in China are generally deep in burial depth, high in stress difference and difficult to form a complex seam network under large burial depth, and the whole shortage of water resources is not beneficial to popularization of the hydraulic fracturing technology.
The explosion fracturing technology is not limited by water-sensitive and acid-sensitive stratums, and can form a plurality of radial cracks which are not controlled by the ground stress by generating higher peak pressure and higher impact loading rate. Even without the addition of proppant during the fracturing process, the fracture can remain open under high closure stresses.
The existing combustion and explosion fracturing modification process mostly adopts a mode that perforation operation is matched with explosive feeding and explosive detonation to generate cracks to communicate a shaft and a reservoir, but the process has large engineering quantity, short effective action time of combustion and explosion pressure and limited crack making scale, and meanwhile, the transportation and feeding of initiating explosive products also cause great potential safety hazards and are not beneficial to field popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects of the burning explosion fracturing technology, the methane gas desorbed from a reservoir is used as combustible, after the perforation burning explosion fracturing pipe column is sent into a target fracturing section, the methane gas is mixed with a combustion improver by matching with a waste gas discharge system and a pressurizing pumping system, and then in-situ detonation is carried out, the high-energy burning explosion gas cooperates with a novel perforating bullet to complete perforation operation, a preset crack is formed, then the waste gas is repeatedly discharged, the reservoir methane gas is introduced, the combustion improver is pumped, and the process of ignition and detonation is realized, so that the multistage repeated fracturing work of the fracturing section is completed under the condition of no movement of the pipe column, a flow guide crack network with a larger scale is obtained, and the safe and efficient exploitation of the shale gas is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like comprises a detonation device and a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device which are sequentially connected;
the detonation device is used for carrying a combustion improver into a well, controlling the pumping of the combustion improver and controlling the emission of waste gas;
the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device is used for completing perforation and fracturing operation of a fracturing section of a target layer.
According to the invention, the ignition device comprises an oxidant storage tank, a pressurized pumping system, an exhaust gas discharge system and an igniter;
the combustion improver storage tank is used for carrying combustion improver to enter a well;
one end of the pressurizing pumping system is connected with the combustion improver storage tank, the other end of the pressurizing pumping system is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device, and pumping of the combustion improver is controlled through the pressurizing pumping system;
one end of the waste gas discharge system is connected with an annular space outside the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column, the other end of the waste gas discharge system is connected with the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device, and waste gas discharge is controlled through the waste gas discharge system;
according to the invention, preferably, the pressurizing pumping system, the waste gas discharge system and the igniter are integrated in the same gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column, one end of the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column is provided with an internal thread joint and is connected with the combustion improver storage tank, and the other end of the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column is provided with an external thread joint and is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device.
According to the optimization of the invention, the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device comprises a novel perforating bullet and a perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column;
the wall surface of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column is provided with a groove for bearing the novel perforating charge and guiding combustion and explosion gas to directionally form a seam; and a cavity is formed in the space in the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
Further preferably, the novel perforating charge is reserved with a hole, and the novel perforating charge is internally provided with shaped charges.
Further preferably, the aperture of the perforation of the novel perforating charge is not less than 5 mm.
Further preferably, the groove is a strip-shaped groove.
Preferably, at least two strip-shaped grooves are formed in the same circular cross section of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column, and at least three groups of strip-shaped grooves are formed in the wall surface of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
According to the optimization of the invention, the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device further comprises a left buffer and a right buffer, and the left buffer and the right buffer are respectively arranged at two ends of the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
According to the optimization of the invention, the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device for the open hole section of the horizontal well further comprises a pipe column auxiliary device;
the pipe column auxiliary device comprises a left centralizer, a right centralizer, a left open hole packer and a right open hole packer;
the left centralizer is arranged on the combustion improver storage tank shell, and the right centralizer is arranged at the end part of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device; the left open hole packer is located in the middle of the gas discharging and conveying ignition pipe column, and the right open hole packer is located between the right buffer and the right centralizer and used for separating annular space of a fracturing section.
According to the invention, the igniter comprises an ignition wire, the ignition wire is exposed in the inner cavity of the perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated pipe column, and the rest part of the igniter is hermetically arranged in the gas exhaust and transmission ignition pipe column.
Further preferably, the ignition wire is made of high-strength conductive metal materials, including copper-chromium alloy, copper-silver alloy and nanocrystalline copper.
Preferably, according to the invention, there are at least two left centralizers and at least one right centralizer.
A perforation fracturing method of a horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding the novel perforating bullet into a strip-shaped groove of a perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column, and installing a right buffer, a left buffer, a right open hole packer and a right centralizer; then screwing in a gas discharging and transmitting ignition pipe column with a left open hole packer and a combustion improver storage tank with a left centralizer in sequence;
(2) the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and the tubing string at the open hole section of the horizontal well are put into the open hole fracturing section of the target layer of the horizontal well;
(3) after the left centralizer and the right centralizer control the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device in the open hole section of the horizontal well to be centered, the left open hole packer and the right open hole packer finish open hole section setting and separate an annular space on the left and the right of the open hole section;
(4) opening a waste gas discharge system, discharging gas in an annular space between a left open hole packer and a right open hole packer and a cavity of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column, and enabling methane gas desorbed from a reservoir layer to enter the cavity through holes reserved by a novel perforating bullet;
(5) after the cavity is filled with methane gas, closing the waste gas discharge system, starting the pressurizing pumping system, conveying the combustion improver into the cavity, and closing the pressurizing pumping system after the mixing proportion requirement is met;
(6) after gas storage is finished, an igniter is ignited, on one hand, high-temperature and high-pressure blasting gas strikes and burns a reservoir layer through the holes of the novel perforating bullet, on the other hand, a explosive cover is bombarded, so that the shaped explosive is promoted to explode, high-speed metal jet flow is generated, the reservoir layer is penetrated, and fracturing section perforation is finished cooperatively;
(7) after the perforation operation is finished, discharging waste gas, introducing reservoir methane gas and pumping in a combustion improver, igniting and detonating, and directionally ejecting the combustion and detonation gas through the strip-shaped grooves to form a radial multi-slit three-dimensional seam net at the open hole section of the horizontal well;
(8) repeating the step (7), namely, completing the multi-stage repeated fracturing work of the fracturing section of the target layer under the condition of not moving the tubular column, so that the volume of the fracture network is expanded;
(9) after the fracturing of the section is completed, the horizontal well open hole methane in-situ perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing integrated device is withdrawn from the shaft, a novel perforating bullet is installed again, and the process of perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing is repeated in the next fracturing section, so that staged fracturing is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel process adopted by the invention comprises system equipment consisting of a combustion improver storage tank, a pressurizing pumping system, an exhaust gas discharge system, a buffer, an igniter, a novel perforating bullet, a perforating, burning and blasting fracturing integrated pipe column, a centralizer, a naked eye packer and the like, and the perforating, burning and blasting fracturing operation under the condition of no moving pipe column is completed by utilizing the equipment and methane gas desorbed by the naked eye section, so that the processes of ground transportation, underground feeding and the like of explosives in the burning and blasting fracturing process are avoided, the perforating, burning and blasting fracturing device and the process are optimized, the construction process is safe and environment-friendly, the defects of the existing burning and blasting fracturing technology can be overcome, and the field popularization and application are facilitated.
2. The combustible substance adopted by the invention is methane gas desorbed in the reservoir, and the gas replaces the traditional detonating index blasting novel perforating bullet on one hand, and replaces artificial explosive to serve as the combustible substance in the blasting and fracturing process on the other hand, so that the construction process is more environment-friendly and economical.
3. The detonation device, the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and other pipe column joints are designed in a standardized way, and all pipe columns are connected with the well in a threaded screwing way.
4. The novel perforating charge adopted by the invention can be used for directionally perforating and forming seams by matching with the strip-shaped grooves, accords with the crack initiation rule of the cracks, and is easier to form a three-dimensional seam network.
5. The perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device adopted by the invention is matched with the methane gas of the reservoir, and can complete perforation operation and multiple times of explosion and fracturing under the condition of no moving of a tubular column, thereby simplifying the construction process, ensuring the effective acting time of the explosion pressure and having larger seam making scale.
6. The open hole perforation completion mode adopted by the invention can make up the characteristic of limited blasting fracturing fracture-making capability to a certain extent, and provides a more reasonable design for the popularization of the process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device in an open hole section of a horizontal well.
Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column.
Fig. 3 is a section view of the perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column and the novel perforating charge.
1. A combustion improver storage tank; 2. a pressurized pumping system; 3. an exhaust gas discharge system; 4. an igniter; 5. an ignition wire; 6-1, a left buffer; 6-2, right buffer; 7. a novel perforating bullet; 8. perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular columns; 9. a cavity; 10-1, a left centralizer; 10-2, a right centralizer; 11-1, a left open hole packer; 11-2, a right open hole packer; 12. a groove; 13. an eyelet; 14. energy-gathered explosives; 15. a metal housing; 16. a medicine cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like comprises a detonation device and a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device which are sequentially connected;
the detonating device is used for carrying combustion improver into a well, controlling the pumping of the combustion improver and controlling the emission of waste gas; the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device is used for completing perforation and fracturing operation of a fracturing section of a target layer.
The perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device is used for completing perforation and fracturing operation of a fracturing section of a target layer, conventional perforation, fracturing technology and operation equipment are completely independent, the device belongs to the two in the same operation pipe column on one hand, and on the other hand, the unique device structure can effectively utilize methane gas separated out from a stratum to complete perforation and fracturing operation, so that the aims of completing perforation and multistage repeated fracturing operation of the fracturing section under the condition of not moving the pipe column are fulfilled.
Example 2
According to embodiment 1, the methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device for the open hole section of the horizontal well, which is suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like, is characterized in that:
as shown in fig. 1, the ignition device includes an oxidizer storage tank 1, a pressurizing pumping system 2, an exhaust gas discharge system 3, and an igniter 4;
the combustion improver storage tank 1 is used for carrying a sufficient amount of combustion improver into a well; combustion-supporting agent storage jar 1 one end is equipped with female connection, and the other end is given vent to anger promptly and is held the outside and be equipped with external thread joint, and female connection is connected with conventional tubular column, through external thread joint connection gaseous row defeated ignition tubular column.
One end of the pressurizing and pumping system 2 is connected with the combustion improver storage tank 1, the other end of the pressurizing and pumping system is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device, and the pumping of the combustion improver is controlled through the pressurizing and pumping system 2; and the pressurizing pumping system 2 is used for detecting the mixing ratio of the methane gas and the combustion improver in the perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device and controlling the pumping amount of the combustion improver. The pressurizing pumping system 2 is provided based on the purpose of utilizing formation methane gas to complete reservoir blasting fracturing, and the problems that the input amount of the combustion improver is insufficient and how the combustion improver is effectively mixed with the methane gas under higher formation pressure can be solved by matching with the combustion improver storage tank 1.
One end of the waste gas discharge system 3 is connected with an annular space outside the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column, and the annular space is an annular space between the operation pipe column and the wall surface of the well bore; the other end is connected with a perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device, and the exhaust emission is controlled by an exhaust emission system 3; and the waste gas discharge system 3 is used for detecting the contents of methane gas and combustion waste gas in the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device and controlling the discharge of the waste gas and the filling of the methane gas in the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device. The waste gas discharge system 3 is provided based on the purpose of utilizing formation methane gas to complete reservoir blasting fracturing, first waste gas discharge is completed by matching with a perforating bullet reserved hole 13, methane charging and blasting perforating operation in the cavity 9 is completed, and subsequent multiple waste gas discharge, methane charging and blasting fracturing operation are completed by matching with a strip-shaped groove.
The pressurization pumping system 2, the waste gas discharge system 3 and the igniter 4 are integrated in the same gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column, one end of the gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column is provided with an internal thread joint and is connected with the combustion improver storage tank 1, and the other end of the gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column is provided with an external thread joint and is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device.
The igniter 4 comprises an ignition wire 5, the ignition wire 5 is exposed in a cavity 9 in a perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column 8, and the rest parts of the igniter 4 are hermetically arranged in a gas exhaust and delivery ignition tubular column. The ignition wire 5 is made of high-strength conductive metal materials including copper-chromium alloy, copper-silver alloy and nanocrystalline copper.
The perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device comprises a novel perforating bullet 7 and a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column 8;
as shown in fig. 2, a groove 12 is formed in the wall surface of the perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column 8 and is used for bearing a novel perforating charge 7 and guiding blasting gas to directionally form a seam; the space in the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 forms a cavity 9.
As shown in fig. 3, the novel perforating charge 7 is provided with a hole 13, the novel perforating charge 7 is internally provided with shaped explosive 14, the shaped explosive 14 is arranged in a charge cover 16, and the shell of the novel perforating charge 7 is a metal shell 15.
The aperture of the perforation 13 of the novel perforating charge 7 is not less than 5 mm.
The grooves 12 are strip-shaped grooves. The strip-shaped grooves can be used for loading a plurality of perforating charges with square substrates on one hand, and on the other hand, the strip-shaped grooves can induce the high-energy explosive gas to directionally form seams to form a radial multi-fracture network.
The same circular section of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 is provided with at least two strip-shaped grooves, and at least three groups of strip-shaped grooves are formed in the wall surface of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8.
The perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device further comprises a left buffer 6-1 and a right buffer 6-2, and the left buffer 6-1 and the right buffer 6-2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8. The axial violent vibration of the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 can be relieved.
Example 3
According to embodiment 2, the methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device for the open hole section of the horizontal well, which is suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like, is characterized in that:
the horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, blasting and fracturing integrated device also comprises a pipe column auxiliary device;
the pipe column auxiliary device comprises a left centralizer 10-1, a right centralizer 10-2, a left open hole packer 11-1 and a right open hole packer 11-2;
the left centralizer 10-1 is arranged on a shell of the combustion improver storage tank 1, and the right centralizer 10-2 is arranged at the end part of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device; in the horizontal well, the operation pipe column can rub against the well wall under the influence of gravity, the operation pipe column and the shaft can be damaged, and in order to ensure that the operation pipe column can smoothly reach a target layer and normally operate, a left centralizer 10-1 and a right centralizer 10-2 are required to be installed before the operation pipe column is lowered into the well.
The left open hole packer 11-1 is located in the middle of the gas discharging and transmitting ignition pipe column, the right open hole packer 11-2 is located between the right buffer 6-2 and the right centralizer 10-2, and the right open hole packer 11-2 is located at the position 0.5m of the right end of the right buffer 6-2 and used for separating annular space of a fracturing section.
At least two left centralizers 10-1 and at least one right centralizer 10-2.
Example 4
The perforation fracturing method of the horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like, which is disclosed by the embodiment 3, comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding a novel perforating bullet 7 into a strip-shaped groove of a perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column 8, and installing a right buffer 6-2, a left buffer 6-1, a right open hole packer 11-2 and a right centralizer 10-2; then screwing in a gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column with a left open hole packer 11-1 and a combustion improver storage tank 1 with a left centralizer 10-1 in sequence;
(2) the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and the tubing string at the open hole section of the horizontal well are put into the open hole fracturing section of the target layer of the horizontal well;
(3) after the left centralizer 10-1 and the right centralizer 10-2 control the methane in-situ perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device in the open hole section of the horizontal well to be centered, the left open hole packer 11-1 and the right open hole packer 11-2 finish open hole section setting, and an annular space on the left and the right of the open hole section is separated;
(4) starting the waste gas discharge system 3, discharging gas in an annular space between the left open hole packer 11-1 and the right open hole packer 11-2 and a containing cavity 9 of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column 8, and allowing methane gas desorbed from a reservoir layer to enter the containing cavity 9 through a hole 13 reserved by the novel perforating bullet 7;
(5) after the cavity 9 is filled with methane gas, the waste gas discharge system 3 is closed, the pressurizing pumping system 2 is started, the combustion improver is conveyed into the cavity 9, the mixing proportion requirement of the gas can meet the requirement of crack modification scale under the condition that the combustion improver type, the reservoir methane content and other factors are considered after the mixing proportion requirement is met, the specific mixing proportion is determined according to actual conditions, and the pressurizing pumping system 2 is closed;
(6) after gas storage is finished, the igniter 4 is ignited, on one hand, high-temperature and high-pressure blasting gas impacts and burns a reservoir through the holes 13 of the novel perforating bullet 7, on the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure blasting gas bombards the explosive cover 16 to promote the energy-gathered explosive 14 to explode, generate high-speed metal jet flow to penetrate the reservoir and cooperatively finish fracturing section perforation;
(7) after the perforation operation is finished, discharging waste gas, introducing reservoir methane gas and pumping in a combustion improver, igniting and detonating, and directionally ejecting the combustion and detonation gas through the strip-shaped grooves to form a radial multi-slit three-dimensional seam net at the open hole section of the horizontal well;
(8) repeating the step (7), namely, completing the multi-stage repeated fracturing work of the fracturing section of the target layer under the condition of not moving the tubular column, so that the volume of the fracture network is expanded;
(9) after the fracturing of the section is completed, the horizontal well open hole methane in-situ perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing integrated device is withdrawn from the shaft, the novel perforating bullet 7 is installed again, and the process of perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing is repeated in the next fracturing section, so that staged fracturing is realized.
And after the methane in-situ perforation, burning explosion and fracturing of the open hole section of the horizontal well are finished, withdrawing the operation pipe column, cleaning the shaft and evaluating the construction effect.
In the embodiment, the depth of the target layer is 2000m, the formation fracture pressure is 43MPa, the length of an open hole section is 10m, and the average open hole section borehole diameter is 152.4 mm.
In this embodiment, the individual device dimensions: the outer diameter of the oil pipe is 114.3 mm; the length of the igniter is 3m, the outer diameter is 114.3mm, and the wall thickness is 6.88 mm; the length of the combustion improver storage tank 1 is 2 m; the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 is 6m long, 120mm in outer diameter and 25mm in wall thickness; the strip-shaped groove is 1m long and 25mm wide; the central aperture of the novel perforating charge 7 is 6mm, the bottom dimension is 25 multiplied by 25mm, and the height is 25 mm.
In the embodiment, the adopted combustible is methane gas desorbed from a reservoir, and the gas replaces the traditional explosion-initiating index explosion novel perforating bullet 7 on one hand and replaces artificial explosive to serve as the combustible in the explosion and fracturing process on the other hand, so that the application of initiating explosive products is effectively avoided, and the construction process is safer and more economical; the detonation device and the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device adopt standardized design and are connected with a well in a threaded screwing mode, so that the device is convenient to be repeatedly used after construction operation and maintenance; the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device selects a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 with three rows of grooves 12 to carry out seam making according to construction requirements, wherein one row of grooves 12 is provided with three strip-shaped grooves; by utilizing the devices and methane gas desorbed by an open hole section, perforation operation and multiple times of blasting fracturing can be completed under the condition of no moving of a tubular column, so that the construction process is simplified, the effective acting time of blasting pressure is ensured, and the seam forming scale is larger.
Example 5
The perforating and fracturing method of the horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforating, burning and exploding and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
in the embodiment, the well depth of the target zone is 3000m, the formation fracture pressure is 61MPa, the section length of an open hole is 8m, the central aperture of the novel perforating charge is 5mm, the perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated device selects the perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column 8 with three rows of grooves 12 to perform crack formation according to construction requirements, and one row of grooves 12 is provided with 4 strip-shaped grooves.
Example 6
The perforating and fracturing method of the horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforating, burning and exploding and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
in the embodiment, the depth of a well at a target layer is 4000m, the formation fracture pressure is 82MPa, the length of a section of an open hole is 10m, the central aperture of a novel perforating bullet 7 is 5mm, and the perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated device selects a perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated pipe column 8 with five rows of grooves 12 to perform fracture forming according to construction requirements, wherein one row of grooves 12 is provided with 5 strip-shaped grooves.
Claims (10)
1. A methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like is characterized by comprising a detonation device and a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device which are sequentially connected;
the detonation device is used for carrying a combustion improver into a well, controlling the pumping of the combustion improver and controlling the emission of waste gas;
the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device is used for completing perforation and fracturing operation of a fracturing section of a target layer.
2. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion integrated fracturing device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the detonation device comprises a combustion improver storage tank, a pressurizing and pumping system, an exhaust gas discharge system and an igniter;
the combustion improver storage tank is used for carrying combustion improver to enter a well;
one end of the pressurizing pumping system is connected with the combustion improver storage tank, the other end of the pressurizing pumping system is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion fracturing integrated device, and pumping of the combustion improver is controlled through the pressurizing pumping system;
one end of the waste gas discharge system is connected with an annular space outside the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column, the other end of the waste gas discharge system is connected with the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device, and waste gas discharge is controlled through the waste gas discharge system.
3. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressurizing pumping system, the waste gas discharge system and the igniter are integrated in the same gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column, one end of the gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column is provided with an internal thread joint and is connected with the combustion improver storage tank, and the other end of the gas discharge and transportation ignition pipe column is provided with an external thread joint and is connected with the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device.
4. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device comprises a novel perforating bullet and a perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated tubular column;
the wall surface of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column is provided with a groove for bearing the novel perforating charge and guiding combustion and explosion gas to directionally form a seam; and a cavity is formed in the space in the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
5. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the novel perforating charge is reserved with holes, and shaped charges are filled in the novel perforating charge;
further preferably, the aperture of the perforation of the novel perforating charge is not less than 5 mm.
6. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 4, wherein the groove is a strip-shaped groove;
preferably, at least two strip-shaped grooves are formed in the same circular cross section of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column, and at least three groups of strip-shaped grooves are formed in the wall surface of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
7. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like according to claim 4 is characterized by further comprising a left buffer and a right buffer, wherein the left buffer and the right buffer are respectively arranged at two ends of the perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column.
8. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like according to claim 7 is characterized in that the horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device further comprises a pipe column auxiliary device;
the pipe column auxiliary device comprises a left centralizer, a right centralizer, a left open hole packer and a right open hole packer;
the left centralizer is arranged on the combustion improver storage tank shell, and the right centralizer is arranged at the end part of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device;
the left open hole packer is positioned in the middle of the gas exhaust and transmission ignition pipe column, and the right open hole packer is positioned between the right buffer and the right centralizer and is used for separating an annular space of a fracturing section;
further preferably, there are at least two left centralizers and at least one right centralizer.
9. The horizontal well open hole section methane in-situ perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the igniter comprises an ignition wire, the ignition wire is exposed in an inner cavity of the perforation, combustion and explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column, and the rest part of the igniter is hermetically installed in the gas discharge and transmission ignition pipe column;
further preferably, the ignition wire is made of high-strength conductive metal materials, including copper-chromium alloy, copper-silver alloy and nanocrystalline copper.
10. A perforation and fracturing method of a horizontal well open hole methane in-situ perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like is characterized by being realized by the horizontal well open hole methane in-situ perforation, explosion and fracturing integrated device suitable for reservoirs of complex dense gas, shale gas and the like in claim 8, and comprising the following steps of:
(1) embedding the novel perforating bullet into a strip-shaped groove of a perforating, blasting and fracturing integrated tubular column, and installing a right buffer, a left buffer, a right open hole packer and a right centralizer; then screwing in a gas discharging and transmitting ignition pipe column with a left open hole packer and a combustion improver storage tank with a left centralizer in sequence;
(2) the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device and the tubing string at the open hole section of the horizontal well are put into the open hole fracturing section of the target layer of the horizontal well;
(3) after the left centralizer and the right centralizer control the methane in-situ perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated device in the open hole section of the horizontal well to be centered, the left open hole packer and the right open hole packer finish open hole section setting and separate an annular space on the left and the right of the open hole section;
(4) opening a waste gas discharge system, discharging gas in an annular space between a left open hole packer and a right open hole packer and a cavity of the perforation, combustion, explosion and fracturing integrated pipe column, and enabling methane gas desorbed from a reservoir layer to enter the cavity through holes reserved by a novel perforating bullet;
(5) after the cavity is filled with methane gas, closing the waste gas discharge system, starting the pressurizing pumping system, conveying the combustion improver into the cavity, and closing the pressurizing pumping system after the mixing proportion requirement is met;
(6) after gas storage is finished, an igniter is ignited, on one hand, high-temperature and high-pressure blasting gas strikes and burns a reservoir layer through the holes of the novel perforating bullet, on the other hand, a explosive cover is bombarded, so that the shaped explosive is promoted to explode, high-speed metal jet flow is generated, the reservoir layer is penetrated, and fracturing section perforation is finished cooperatively;
(7) after the perforation operation is finished, discharging waste gas, introducing reservoir methane gas and pumping in a combustion improver, igniting and detonating, and directionally ejecting the combustion and detonation gas through the strip-shaped grooves to form a radial multi-slit three-dimensional seam net at the open hole section of the horizontal well;
(8) repeating the step (7), namely, completing the multi-stage repeated fracturing work of the fracturing section of the target layer under the condition of not moving the tubular column, so that the volume of the fracture network is expanded;
(9) after the fracturing of the section is completed, the horizontal well open hole methane in-situ perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing integrated device is withdrawn from the shaft, a novel perforating bullet is installed again, and the process of perforation, burning and explosion and fracturing is repeated in the next fracturing section, so that staged fracturing is realized.
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| CN114352253A (en) * | 2022-01-09 | 2022-04-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Shale reservoir methane multiple in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing method |
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| CN116398106A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-07-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Shale reservoir in-situ analysis methane high-efficiency utilization and multistage energy-gathering combustion explosion fracturing method |
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