CN115059444A - Methane in-situ combustion and explosion device, multistage fracturing system and fracturing method thereof - Google Patents
Methane in-situ combustion and explosion device, multistage fracturing system and fracturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059444A CN115059444A CN202210800768.1A CN202210800768A CN115059444A CN 115059444 A CN115059444 A CN 115059444A CN 202210800768 A CN202210800768 A CN 202210800768A CN 115059444 A CN115059444 A CN 115059444A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
Abstract
The invention provides a methane in-situ blasting device, a multistage fracturing system and a fracturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of exploitation of horizontal wells and/or shale reservoirs. The multistage fracturing system includes through oil pipe series connection and along the ith explosion unit that the well bottom set gradually to the direction of well head, wherein, i is the natural number and from 1 traversal to n to have adjustable predetermined interval between two adjacent explosion units each other, the ith explosion unit includes according to the ith that connects gradually through oil pipe from the direction of well head to the well bottom go up packer, ith explodes the nipple joint, ith release nipple joint, ith gas bullet main part and ith lower packer. The invention can gradually increase the fracturing fluid pressure to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize the step-by-step in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing operation of the 1 st to the nth combustion and explosion units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exploitation of horizontal wells and/or shale reservoirs, in particular to a methane in-situ combustion and explosion device, a multistage fracturing system and a fracturing method thereof.
Background
The development of unconventional energy sources (shale gas, coal bed gas, natural gas hydrates, etc.) has become one of the important means to cope with the increasing energy demand. The shale reservoir has great development potential in China, and the technology of the shale gas favorable area can be used for extracting resource reserves of 21.8 trillions of cubic meters, which is the first place in the world. Conventional hydraulic fracturing is less effective when applied to such low permeability, low porosity, high ground stress reservoirs. In recent years, researchers provide a shale reservoir methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing technology, methane gas in a reservoir and a shaft is detonated by conveying a combustion improver to the bottom of a well, the reservoir is fractured by high instantaneous combustion-explosion pressure, and reservoir transformation can be effectively carried out on complex oil and gas reservoirs such as compact reservoirs and low-permeability reservoirs. The key of the technology is how to safely convey the combustion improver to the stratum to be detonated and successfully detonate, but at present, the combustion improver is directly injected into the bottom of a well through a continuous oil pipe on the ground, so that the construction safety is difficult to guarantee, and the consumption and the putting position of the combustion improver cannot be accurately calibrated. Therefore, a safe, quantitative and fixed-point feeding device and method for the shale reservoir methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing combustion improver are urgently needed on site.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system, which comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve pipes; the system also comprises an ith explosion unit which is connected in series through the oil pipes and is sequentially arranged along the direction from the well bottom to the well head. Wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, and two adjacent blasting units have an adjustable preset interval.
The ith explosion unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe in the direction from the well mouth to the well bottom. The ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can seal the ith explosion unit before the ith explosion unit is exploded, and can unseal the ith explosion unit after the ith explosion unit is exploded; the ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the ith gas bomb main body is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning away along with burning and is used for storing a combustion improver; the ith release nipple is provided with a bearing part capable of bearing P i The pin structure for communicating the cavity of the ith bomb body with the annular space under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P is obtained along with the increase of i i And is increased.
The invention provides a methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing device, which comprises an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected from a well mouth to a well bottom, wherein the upper packer and the lower packer can seal the space between the upper packer and the lower packer before combustion and explosion and can realize deblocking after combustion and explosion; the detonation sub can be arranged to be located at a main force horizon of a target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the main body of the gas bomb is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning along with burning and is used for storing combustion improver; the release nipple is provided with a pin type structure capable of communicating the cavity of the gas bomb main body with the annular space under the condition of bearing preset fracturing fluid pressure.
The third aspect of the invention provides a horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing method, which adopts the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system and controls the fracturing fluid pressure to gradually increase to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n To realize the 1 st to nth explosion unitsAnd (4) gradually blasting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects of at least one of the following contents:
1. compared with the prior art, the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion-explosion multistage fracturing system designed by the invention can gradually increase the fracturing fluid pressure to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize the gradual blasting of the 1 st to the nth blasting units.
2. The fracturing device comprises a packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and other structures, and the combustion improver is put into a well and released to a target layer through an oil pipe by utilizing the structures, so that the safety problem possibly existing in long-distance underground conveying of the combustion improver in the conventional methane in-situ detonation technology is solved, and the device is simple in structure and high in safety.
3. The gas bomb main body is arranged below the target layer, so that a space is reserved for mixing the stratum resolved methane gas and the combustion improver, and the mixing uniformity is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the operation of the methane in-situ explosive multi-stage fracturing method of a horizontal well of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a horizontal well methane in situ detonating multi-stage fracturing method;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosion unit of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the detonation nipple in the target layer in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the oxidizer bomb release nipple of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the main body of the cartridge of fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a methane concentration detector and a transmission device; 2-a trigger ignition device; 3-connecting a female buckle and 4-pressing a piston; 5-a piston movement channel; 6-hollow pressure applying rod inside; 7-a valve stem; 8-a combustion improver release hole; 9-valve body piston; 10-connecting a male buckle; 11-a limiting groove; 12-safety pins; 13-connecting the female buckle; 14-upper one-way valve; 15-compressing the combustion improver storage cavity; 16-lower one-way valve; 17-connecting male buckle.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve pipes, and further comprises a plurality of ith combustion and explosion units which are connected in series through the oil pipe and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the well bottom to the well head. For example, the 1 st blasting unit, the 2 nd blasting unit and the 3 rd blasting unit. Wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, and two adjacent blasting units have an adjustable preset interval. Here, the lengths of the predetermined intervals between two different adjacent blasting units may be different, for example, the length of each predetermined interval may be determined according to the distance between the main force layers of two different adjacent fracturing target layers displayed in the reservoir data. In addition, when the number of the upper sieve tubes is more than two, each upper sieve tube can be respectively arranged above the upper packers of different blasting units, so that the grading operation after blasting and fracturing can be conveniently finished on the corresponding blasting units.
The ith explosion unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe in the direction from the well mouth to the well bottom. For example, each blasting unit comprises an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially sleeved on an oil pipe. For another example, except for the 1 st blasting unit closest to the well bottom, other blasting units comprise an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially sleeved on the oil pipe.
Specifically, the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can realize the packing of the ith explosion unit before the ith explosion unit explodes, namely a packing interval is formed at the position of an annular space which is positioned between the upper packer and the lower packer and is enclosed by a shaft and an oil pipe, and the packing interval is communicated with a corresponding main force layer and methane gas in the main force layer through perforation holes; and the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can realize deblocking after the ith explosion unit is exploded. For example, the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer both comprise a base body made of a first material, one or more than two pore channels arranged in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible piece made of a second material and used for being fixedly filled in the one or more than two pore channels, the second material can be completely combusted in the combustion and explosion process, and the combustion speed of the second material is greater than that of the first material. For example, the second material may be a magnesium alloy and/or an aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
The ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism can detect the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver, and can perform ignition detonation operation when the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration. The gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism may include a gas concentration detector, and a trigger detonator triggered by the gas concentration detector. Further, the gas concentration detection and the ignition and ignition mechanism may be provided separately, may be provided in combination, or may be integrally formed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The ith gas bomb main body is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning along with burning and explosion and used for storing combustion improver. For example, the main body material of the gas bomb can be magnesium-aluminum alloy. In addition, in the 1 st blasting unit, the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb main body and the 1 st lower packer can be sequentially connected with each other, and the upper end of the 1 st release nipple is connected with the tail end of the oil pipe; the 2 nd to nth aeroelastic main bodies respectively comprise a middle through hole which can be sleeved on an oil pipe, and meanwhile, the 2 nd to nth release short sections have structures which can be sleeved on the oil pipe. For example, the through hole can be a cylindrical structure, a long column shape and the like, the inside of the gas bomb main body is hollow, and a structure similar to a switch is matched with the release short section. Or the 1 st to nth aeroelastic main bodies respectively comprise a middle through hole which can be sleeved on an oil pipe, and meanwhile, the 1 st to nth release short sections have structures which can be sleeved on the oil pipe.
The ith release nipple is provided with a bearing part capable of bearing P i The pin type structure is used for communicating the cavity of the ith gas bomb main body with the annular space under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P is obtained along with the increase of i i And is increased. That is, the pin structure withstands less than P i Under the condition of the pressure of the fracturing fluid, the pressure does not change; under the condition of bearing equal to or more than P i Under the pressure of the fracturing fluid, the fracture self-body is fractured to conduct the cavity of the ith gas bomb body with the annular space. For example, the pin structure of the ith release nipple may include a pin-fixed piston structure, and the piston structure is capable of releasing the combustion improver in the cavity after the pin is broken. Here, the oxidizer may be a substance such as oxygen that can be mixed with methane and explode.
For example, the ith release sub has a length that can withstand greater than or equal to P i Under the pressure of the fracturing fluid, the cavity of the ith gas bomb main body is communicated with the annular space; likewise, the (i + 1) th release nipple has a length capable of withstanding a voltage greater than or equal to P i+1 Under the pressure of the fracturing fluid, the cavity of the (i + 1) th gas bomb main body is communicated with the annular space; and P is i+1 Greater than P i . Here, i traverses 1 to n-1, n may be 2, 3, or 4 or more.
Example 2
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing device comprises an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected in the direction from a well head to the well bottom.
The upper packer and the lower packer can realize the sealing of the space between the upper packer and the lower packer before explosion and can realize deblocking after explosion. That is, the upper and lower packers are capable of forming a packing zone at a location in an annulus between each other and surrounded by the wellbore and tubing, the packing zone being in communication with the primary zone and methane gas therein through the perforations. For example, the upper packer may comprise a base body formed by a first material, one or more than two pore channels arranged in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible piece which is used for fixing and filling the one or more than two pore channels and is formed by a second material, wherein the second material can be completely combusted in the combustion and explosion process, and the combustion speed of the second material is higher than that of the first material; the lower packer is made of materials which can bear pressure and can be completely burnt in the blasting process. For example, the second material may be magnesium alloy and/or aluminum alloy; the lower packer may also be made of magnesium alloy and/or aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
The detonation sub can be configured to be located at a main force horizon of a target layer and includes a gas concentration detection and firing detonation mechanism. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism can detect the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver, and can perform ignition detonation operation when the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration. Further, the gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism may include a gas concentration detector, and a trigger detonator triggered by the gas concentration detector. Further, the gas concentration detection and the ignition and ignition mechanism may be provided separately, may be provided in combination, or may be integrally formed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The main body of the gas bomb is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning along with burning and is used for storing combustion improver. For example, the main body material of the gas bomb can be made of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium-aluminum alloy. The release nipple is provided with a pin type structure capable of communicating the cavity of the gas bomb main body with the annular space under the condition that the pressure of the gas bomb main body is equal to or larger than the preset fracturing fluid pressure. That is, the pin configuration does not change when subjected to a fracture fluid pressure less than Pi; under the condition of bearing the pressure of fracturing fluid equal to or greater than Pi, the gas bomb body breaks to communicate the cavity of the ith gas bomb body with the annular space.
A schematic diagram of an example of the use process of the methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device of the embodiment can be shown in fig. 1.
First, the main body of the bomb was loaded. For example, the oxidizer may be loaded into the body of the cartridge at the surface or in the factory.
And then, connecting an oil pipe, an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer according to the structure of the methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device and the positions of the target layer and the main force layer thereof.
And then, placing a target layer below the methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing device along with the oil pipe, and enabling the detonation nipple to be positioned at the main force layer position of the target layer.
Then, the upper packer and the lower packer finish setting to form a packing interval.
And then, pumping high-density well killing fluid by a well head pump truck, and the like, and setting the pressure of the well head to be gradually increased to be equal to or greater than the preset fracturing fluid pressure so as to open the gas bomb main body and release the combustion improver into the packing interval to form mixed gas of the combustion improver and methane gas.
And then, igniting and exploding to complete the fracturing operation. Specifically, the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver is detected through a gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism, and when the detected concentration is judged to meet the requirement of critical detonation concentration, ignition and detonation operation is triggered, so that the burning detonation and fracturing operation is realized.
Example 3
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the horizontal well methane in situ blasting multi-stage fracturing method may have an operational flow diagram as shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the method adopts a horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system, and controls the pressure of the fracturing fluid to gradually increase to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n To realize the 1 st to nth explosion unitsAnd (4) gradually blasting. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparation work: determining n target layers to be fractured and the positions of the main force layer positions thereof according to geological exploration parameters and logging data, filling each gas bomb main body on the ground, and connecting an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, the gas bomb main body and a lower packer according to design. And assembling to form the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system by taking the distance between the main force layers of the adjacent target layers as the corresponding adjustable preset interval. Here, the length of the predetermined interval between the lower packer of the previous blasting unit and the upper packer of the next blasting unit is determined based on the geological exploration parameter and the distance parameter between adjacent target layers in the log data. The purpose of setting the adjustable predetermined interval is to facilitate later mining because the target layer locations are not equally spaced corresponding to different reservoir locations.
(2) Putting: and (3) lowering the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system to the main force layer position of a corresponding target layer through an oil pipe, and setting the packer.
(3) Step-by-step packing and step-by-step blasting: pumping high-density well killing fluid, and controlling the pressure of the fracturing fluid to be gradually increased to P on the ground i Sequentially carrying out blasting on the ith blasting unit from the well bottom to the well head, wherein the ith release short joint bears P i The pin type structure for communicating the cavity of the ith gas bomb main body with the annular space is broken under the condition of the pressure of the fracturing fluid, and when the gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism detects the methane concentration or detects that the mixed concentration of the methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, ignition and detonation operation is carried out.
Example 4
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosion unit of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system of the invention; FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the detonation nipple in the target layer in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the oxidizer bomb release nipple of FIG. 3; fig. 5 shows an enlarged schematic view of the body of the cartridge of fig. 3.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, an explosion unit (for example, the 1 st explosion unit) of a horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system includes an upper packer, an explosion nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe in a direction from a wellhead to a well bottom (from top to bottom in the figure). The upper packer and the lower packer can seal the explosion unit before the explosion unit explodes and can unseal after the explosion unit explodes.
Referring to fig. 3, the detonation sub is located at the main force horizon of the target layer. Referring to fig. 4, the detonation sub comprises a gas concentration detector 1 and a trigger detonator 2 triggered by the gas concentration detector. The gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism can detect the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver, and can perform ignition and detonation operation when judging that the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the main body of the bomb includes a connection box 13, an upper check valve 14, a compressed oxidizer storage chamber 15, a lower check valve 16 and a connection pin 17; the release short section comprises a connecting female buckle 3, a connecting male buckle 10, a pressure applying piston 4, a piston moving channel 5, an inner hollow pressure applying rod 6, a safety pin 12, a limiting groove 11, a valve rod 7, a combustion improver release hole 8 and a valve body piston 9; in this embodiment, the female connection button 13 of the main body of the gas bomb can be connected with the male connection button 10 in the release short joint, the female connection button 3 in the release short joint can be connected with the oil pipe, and the male connection button of the main body of the gas bomb can be connected with the oil pipe.
The release nipple is provided with a pin type structure capable of communicating the cavity of the gas bomb main body with the annular space under the condition of bearing preset fracturing fluid pressure. The specific pin structure in this embodiment is:
the pressure piston 4 and the inner hollow pressure applying rod 6 are integrally positioned above the release short section (the upper part is the part close to the well mouth, and the lower part is the part close to the well bottom), the valve rod 7 and the valve body piston 9 are integrally positioned below the release short section, and the safety pin 12 is used for fixing the relative movement of the inner hollow pressure applying rod 6 and the valve rod 7; and when the fracturing is not carried out, the combustion improver release hole 8 is positioned below the release short section and above the valve body piston. When fracturing is carried out, the upper one-way valve 14 of the gas bomb main body is opened, fracturing fluid with preset pressure acts on the pressing piston 4, pressure generated by the combustion improver acts on the valve body piston 9, and the safety pin 12 is broken. The valve rod 7 is pushed into the hollow pressure applying rod 6, when the pressure applying piston 4 and the valve body piston 9 move to the limiting groove 11 in the piston moving channel 5, the limiting groove 11 is positioned outside the piston moving channel, and the combustion improver is released from the combustion improver releasing hole 8; the combustion improver is premixed with the resolved methane precipitated in the shaft, and when the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism detects the methane concentration or detects that the mixed concentration of the methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, ignition detonation operation is carried out.
In conclusion, the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system is suitable for development of horizontal well shale reservoirs, and the methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device is suitable for development of common wells and horizontal wells.
Compared with the prior art, the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion-explosion multistage fracturing system designed by the invention can gradually increase the fracturing fluid pressure to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize the gradual blasting of the 1 st to the nth blasting units. The fracturing device comprises a packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and other structures, and the combustion improver is put into a well and released to a target layer through an oil pipe by utilizing the structures, so that the safety problem possibly existing in long-distance underground conveying of the combustion improver in the conventional methane in-situ detonation technology is solved, and the device is simple in structure and high in safety.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A horizontal well methane in-situ combustion-explosion multistage fracturing system comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve pipes, and is characterized by further comprising ith combustion-explosion units which are connected in series through the oil pipe and sequentially arranged along the direction from a well bottom to a well head, wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, and an adjustable preset interval is arranged between two adjacent combustion-explosion units,
the ith explosion unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith explosion nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe from a well head to a well bottom, wherein the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can seal the ith explosion unit before the ith explosion unit is exploded and can realize deblocking after the ith explosion unit is exploded; the ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the ith gas bomb main body is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning along with burning and explosion and used for storing a combustion improver; the ith release nipple is provided with a bearing part capable of bearing P i The pin structure for communicating the cavity of the ith bomb body with the annular space under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P is obtained along with the increase of i i And is increased.
2. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system according to claim 1, wherein the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer each comprise a base body formed by a first material, one or more than two pore passages arranged in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible piece formed by a second material and used for being fixedly filled in the one or more than two pore passages, the second material can be completely combusted in the combustion and explosion process, and the combustion speed of the second material is greater than that of the first material.
3. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system according to claim 1, wherein the gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism is capable of detecting methane concentration or detecting the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver and performing ignition and detonation operation when judging that the detected concentration meets the critical detonation concentration requirement, and further, the gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism comprises a gas concentration detector and a trigger type detonator triggered by the gas concentration detector.
4. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the 2 nd to nth gas bomb main bodies each further comprise a middle through hole capable of being sleeved on an oil pipe, and meanwhile, the 2 nd to nth release nipples also have a structure capable of being sleeved on the oil pipe.
5. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion explosion multistage fracturing system according to claim 4, wherein the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb main body and the 1 st lower packer are sequentially connected with each other, and the upper end of the 1 st release nipple is connected with the tail end of an oil pipe; or, the 1 st aeroelastic main body still includes the well through-hole that can the suit on oil pipe, and simultaneously, the 1 st release nipple joint also has the structure that can the suit on oil pipe.
6. The horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system of claim 5, wherein the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb main body and the 1 st lower packer are made of materials which can be completely combusted in the 1 st explosion unit explosion process.
7. The methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing device is characterized by comprising an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected from a well mouth to a well bottom, wherein the upper packer and the lower packer can seal the space between the upper packer and the lower packer before combustion and can be unsealed after combustion and explosion; the detonation sub can be arranged to be located at a main force horizon of a target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the main body of the gas bomb is provided with a cavity which is made of materials capable of burning along with burning and is used for storing combustion improver; the release nipple is provided with a pin type structure capable of communicating the cavity of the gas bomb main body with the annular space under the condition of bearing preset fracturing fluid pressure.
8. The methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device of claim 7, wherein the upper packer comprises a base body made of a first material, one or more than two pore passages arranged in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible piece made of a second material and used for being fixedly filled in the one or more than two pore passages, the second material can be completely combusted in the combustion and explosion process, and the combustion speed of the second material is higher than that of the first material; the lower packer is made of materials which can bear pressure and can be completely burnt in the blasting process.
9. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing method is characterized in that the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted, and the fracturing fluid pressure is controlled on the ground to gradually increase until P is traversed in sequence 1 To P n So as to realize the gradual blasting of the 1 st to the nth blasting units.
10. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation work: determining n target layers to be fractured and the positions of the main force layers thereof according to geological exploration parameters and logging data, filling each gas bomb main body on the ground, and assembling to form the methane in-situ combustion-explosion multistage fracturing system of the horizontal well by taking the distance between the main force layers of the adjacent target layers as the corresponding adjustable preset interval;
(2) putting: the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion-explosion multistage fracturing system is lowered to the main force layer position of a corresponding target layer through an oil pipe;
(3) step-by-step packing and step-by-step blasting: pumping high-density well killing fluid, and controlling the pressure of the fracturing fluid to be gradually increased to P on the ground i Sequentially carrying out blasting on the ith blasting unit from the well bottom to the well head, wherein the ith release short joint bears P i The pin type structure for conducting the cavity of the ith gas bomb main body and the annular space is broken under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and the gas concentration is detected and ignited for detonationAnd when the mechanism detects that the concentration of methane or the mixed concentration of the methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, carrying out ignition detonation operation.
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