CN209875128U - Coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device - Google Patents
Coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209875128U CN209875128U CN201920494419.5U CN201920494419U CN209875128U CN 209875128 U CN209875128 U CN 209875128U CN 201920494419 U CN201920494419 U CN 201920494419U CN 209875128 U CN209875128 U CN 209875128U
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Abstract
The multi-pulse combined fracturing device for the perforation of the coal bed gas layer comprises a percussion detonator, a perforating gun barrel is connected below the percussion detonator, a frame-shaped explosive rack is arranged in the perforating gun barrel, perforating bullets are loaded on the frame-shaped explosive rack, and the perforating bullets are isolated from low-detonation-velocity liquid explosives through capsules so as to safely detonate the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosives; the composite perforator is connected with a deflagration converter below, the deflagration converter is connected with a I-level propelling device below, the center of the I-level propelling device is provided with a central aluminum pipe, the central aluminum pipe is connected with a delay ignition device below, the delay ignition device is connected with a II-level propelling device below, when the temperature of the outer wall of the central aluminum pipe reaches the ignition point of a propellant, the propellant generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas to act on a coal bed in a pulse loading mode; the second-level propelling device is connected with a connecting rod in a lower mode, a detonating cord is arranged inside the connecting rod, the lower portion of the connecting rod is connected with a perforator, and the perforator is connected with a pressure measuring tail plug and reflects explosive detonation pressure change in the fracturing process; the method has the advantages of one-step treatment of multiple coal layers, high energy utilization rate and cost saving.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hypotonic coal bed gas development technical field, in particular to coal bed gas layer perforation many pulses combination formula fracturing unit.
Background
The complexity of geological features of the hypotonic coal seam and the occurrence of the coal bed gas mainly in an adsorption state in China are main difficulties in the development of the coal bed gas. The coal bed gas is desorbed from the coal rock, then is diffused through the matrix and micropores of the coal rock, and finally is seeped in the cleavage and the crack to reach the bottom of the well. The unique mining mode is drainage, depressurization, desorption and seepage, although hydraulic fracturing is still the main technology for developing reservoir transformation of coal bed gas; however, the main problems of hydraulic fracturing are that the construction with large discharge capacity and low sand ratio is needed, so that the height of the crack is difficult to control, the formed crack is short and cannot communicate more coal seam cuttings, most of propping agents sink to an interlayer, and the fracturing fluid causes damage to the coal seam; coal bed gas wells are generally shallow, most of the wells are smaller than 1000m, and have the characteristics of multiple layers, thin layers, large interlayers, complex construction and the like. How to effectively improve the permeability of a coal gas layer and the connectivity of matrix pores, create environment and conditions beneficial to the desorption of the coal bed gas, and a method for promoting the effective desorption of the coal bed gas is the key of research. The multi-pulse fracturing is that solid and liquid gunpowder is combusted in a target stratum to generate a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas to rapidly expand and fracture the stratum, a multi-crack system is randomly generated in the stratum under the action of pulse loading, more natural cracks are communicated, the permeability of the stratum is improved, and the purpose of increasing the yield is achieved. At present, the coal bed gas multi-pulse fracturing technology is further tested and applied, although a primary effect is achieved, the conventional high-energy gas fracturing device is low in energy utilization rate, medicines with the same burning rate are filled at one time, the medicine loading amount is limited, if the medicine loading amount is too much, collapse and compaction in a near-wellbore area are easily caused, meanwhile, the existing device can only be used for reconstructing one layer at one time, multi-layer reconstruction in one-time entering cannot be achieved, the economic benefit is low, and the aims of achieving high and stable production of a coal bed gas well cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the utility model aims to provide a many pulses of coal bed gas layer perforation combination formula fracturing unit can the effective control dose, implements many times continuous pulse loading fracturing effect to the coal bed through multistage pulse pressure, makes the cracked quick extension of coal bed and extends, produces and forms longer many crack network system, can go into the multilayer transformation once, has improved the maneuverability and the practicality of technique, and economic benefits is high, realizes the high yield of coal bed gas well, the advantage of steady production.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
the coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device comprises an impact initiator 1, wherein the lower part of the impact initiator 1 is connected with a perforating gun barrel 14, a frame-shaped ammunition frame 13 is arranged in the perforating gun barrel 14, and perforating bullets are loaded on the frame-shaped ammunition frame 13; the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive 2 wrapped by capsules is embedded in the groove of the perforating gun tube 14, and the perforating gun tube 14, the frame-shaped explosive frame 13 and the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive 2 jointly form a composite perforator 15; the lower part of the composite perforator 15 is connected with a deflagration converter 3, and a I-level propelling device is connected below the deflagration converter 3; the lower part of the I-stage propelling device is connected with a delay ignition device 6; the lower part of the delay ignition device 6 is connected with a II-stage propulsion device, the lower part of the II-stage propulsion device is connected with a connecting rod 7, the connecting rod 7 is a seamless steel pipe, and a detonating fuse 10 is arranged in the connecting rod 7; the lower part of the connecting rod 7 is connected with a perforator 8, and the perforator 8 is connected with a pressure measuring tail plug 9.
The I-grade propulsion device comprises an I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, wherein an I-grade auxiliary ignition powder 5A is arranged in the center of the inside of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, a flame-retardant layer covers the inner surface of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, and an I-grade propellant 4 is arranged on the outer side of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A.
The II-grade propelling device comprises a II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, a II-grade auxiliary ignition powder 5B is arranged in the center of the inside of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, a flame-retardant layer is coated on the inner surface of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, and a II-grade propellant 11 is arranged on the outer side of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B.
The I-level propellant 4 is high-burning-speed composite gunpowder, the pressure is 0-20 MPa, and the burning speed is u-1.8912 p0.9840。
The II-level propellant 11 is low-burning-rate composite gunpowder, the pressure is 20-65 MPa, and the burning rate is u-0.2239 p1.0975。
The utility model combines the advantages of multi-pulse loading fracturing and composite perforation and is applied to the coal bed, a plurality of high-pressure pulse wave loading fracturing can be formed in the coal bed, the action time is prolonged, the fractures are enabled to extend orderly and rapidly, the coal bed is enabled to generate fractures randomly and form a multi-fracture network system, the probability of communicating natural fractures of the coal bed is improved, the effective desorption range is enlarged, the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive is coated by the capsule, the safety isolation between the perforating bullet and the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive is realized, the high-temperature metal energy-gathering flow generated by the perforating bullet is utilized to ignite the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive, thereby loosening the coal bed, the fractures generated in the perforating process can be effectively connected, the bottom coal bed gas seepage channel is improved, in the multi-coal bed stratum, through serially connecting a perforator at the lower end of the connecting rod device, the multilayer treatment can be realized by one-time, the energy utilization rate is improved, the coal bed gas analysis and seepage channels and the action range are improved and enlarged, the operability and the practicability of the technology are improved, the cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the coal bed methane layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device comprises an impact initiator 1, wherein the lower part of the impact initiator 1 is connected with a perforating gun tube 14, a frame-shaped ammunition frame 13 is arranged in the perforating gun tube 14, and perforating bullets are loaded on the frame-shaped ammunition frame 13; the low detonation velocity liquid explosive 2 wrapped by the capsule is embedded in the groove of the perforating gun tube 14, and the perforating bullet and the low detonation velocity liquid explosive 2 are isolated by the capsule, so that the low detonation velocity liquid explosive 2 is safely detonated; the perforating gun tube 14, the frame-shaped charge rack 13 and the low-detonation velocity liquid explosive 2 jointly form a composite perforator 15; the lower part of the composite perforator 15 is connected with a deflagration converter 3, and a I-level propelling device is connected below the deflagration converter 3; the lower part of the I-stage propelling device is connected with a delay ignition device 6; the lower part of the delay ignition device 6 is connected with a II-level propelling device, the delay ignition device 6 ignites II-level auxiliary ignition powder 5B of the II-level propelling device, when the temperature of a II-level central aluminum pipe 12B reaches the ignition point of a II-level propellant 11, the II-level propellant 11 can generate a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the generated high-energy gas acts on a coal bed in a pulse loading mode; the lower part of the II-stage propelling device is connected with a connecting rod 7, the connecting rod 7 is a seamless steel pipe, an explosion wire 10 is arranged inside the connecting rod 7, and the explosion wire 10 is connected with II-stage auxiliary ignition powder 5B in the II-stage propelling device; the lower part of the connecting rod 7 is connected with a perforator 8, and the perforator 8 is connected with a pressure measuring tail plug 9. A perforator 8 is detonated through a detonating cord 10 to perforate a lower coal seam, fracturing transformation of the lower coal seam is carried out, meanwhile, partial high-temperature high-pressure gas moving downwards is generated by I and II-level propelling devices to help perforation and extension of the lower coal seam, meanwhile, partial high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged out of an axial gas leakage device, a pressure measuring surrounding plug 9 is connected to the lower portion of the perforator 8, and the pressure measuring surrounding plug 9 reflects explosive detonation pressure change in the fracturing process.
The I-grade propulsion device comprises an I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, wherein I-grade auxiliary ignition powder 5A is arranged in the center of the inside of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, a flame-retardant layer is coated on the inner surface of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A, and an I-grade propellant 4 is arranged on the outer side of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A; when the temperature of the outer wall of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A reaches the ignition point of the I-grade propellant 4, a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure gas generated by the I-grade propellant 4 continues to act on the coal seam, and the crack is helped to extend rapidly.
The II-grade propelling device comprises a II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, a II-grade auxiliary ignition powder 5B is arranged in the center of the inside of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, a flame-retardant layer is coated on the inner surface of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B, and a II-grade propellant 11 is arranged on the outer side of the II-grade central aluminum pipe 12B.
The I-level propellant 4 high-burning-rate composite powder has the pressure of 0-20 MPa and the burning rate of u-1.8912 p0.9840。
The low-burning-rate composite gunpowder of the II-level propellant 11 has the pressure of 20-65 MPa and the burning rate of u-0.2239 p1.0975。
The utility model discloses a theory of operation does:
stage one: according to well logging information, determining the distribution condition of a coal bed, preferably selecting the length of a connecting rod 7, lowering a multi-pulse combined fracturing device for perforating a coal bed gas layer into a preset position through an operation pipe column, putting a firing pin into a well, enabling a piston of a percussion primer 1 to slide downwards, shearing a safety pin, firing a firing workpiece in a detonating pipe seat by the firing pin at the front end of the piston, detonating a detonating cord after the firing workpiece explodes, launching a perforating bullet, firing a high-temperature energy-gathered flow generated by the perforating bullet into the coal bed through a blind hole and a sleeve preset in a gun barrel 14, pre-initiating the coal bed, igniting and safely detonating a low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive 2 by the high-temperature metal energy-gathered flow, wherein the coal bed can;
and a second stage: the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A is heated by igniting the I-grade auxiliary ignition powder 5A, when the temperature of the outer wall of the I-grade central aluminum pipe 12A reaches the ignition point of the I-grade propellant 4, the I-grade propellant 4 generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas to continuously act on a coal bed to help the crack to quickly extend, and the I-grade propellant 4 adopts high-ignition-speed composite gunpowder;
and a third stage: the lower end of a I-level central aluminum pipe 12A is connected with a delayed ignition device 6, the delayed ignition device 6 ignites a II-level auxiliary ignition powder 5B of a II-level propelling device, when the temperature of the II-level central aluminum pipe 12B reaches the ignition point of a II-level propellant 11, the II-level propellant 11 can generate a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure gas, the generated high-temperature high-pressure gas acts on a coal bed in a pulse type loading mode, a propellant powder column with a high burning speed and a propellant powder column with a low burning speed are assembled and filled, the propellant with the high burning speed rapidly burns, and the peak pressure is rapidly reached in the deflagrat; gunpowder with slow burning speed is continuously burnt, and the time of effective pressure acting in the crack extension process is prolonged, so that a plurality of pulses are used for continuously supplementing energy, a plurality of crack network systems are formed in the coal bed, and the II-level propellant 11 adopts low-burning-speed composite gunpowder;
and a fourth stage: a perforator 8 is detonated through a detonating cord 10 to perforate a lower coal seam, fracturing transformation of the lower coal seam is conducted, meanwhile, a part of high-temperature high-pressure gas moving downwards is generated by an I-level propelling device and a II-level propelling device, perforation and extension of the lower coal seam are facilitated, the energy utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, a part of high-temperature high-pressure gas is discharged through an axial gas leakage device, a pressure measuring plug 9 is connected to the lower portion of the perforator 8, the pressure measuring plug 9 reflects detonation pressure change of gunpowder in the fracturing process, ignition is confirmed through field command, observation is conducted for 1-6 hours, if no abnormal phenomenon exists, pressure is firstly released, and a residual device.
Claims (5)
1. The coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device is characterized by comprising an impact initiator (1), wherein the lower part of the impact initiator (1) is connected with a perforation gun tube (14), a frame-shaped ammunition frame (13) is arranged in the perforation gun tube (14), and perforating bullets are loaded on the frame-shaped ammunition frame (13); the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive (2) wrapped by the capsule is embedded in the groove of the perforating gun tube (14), and the perforating gun tube (14), the frame-shaped explosive rack (13) and the low-detonation-velocity liquid explosive (2) jointly form a composite perforator (15); the lower part of the composite perforator (15) is connected with a deflagration converter (3), and the deflagration converter (3) is connected with a I-level propelling device; the lower part of the I-stage propelling device is connected with a delay ignition device (6); the lower part of the delay ignition device (6) is connected with a II-stage propelling device, the lower part of the II-stage propelling device is connected with a connecting rod (7), the connecting rod (7) is a seamless steel pipe, an explosion wire (10) is arranged inside the connecting rod (7), and the explosion wire (10) is connected with II-stage auxiliary ignition powder (5B) in the II-stage propelling device; the lower part of the connecting rod (7) is connected with a perforator (8), and the perforator (8) is connected with a pressure measuring tail plug (9).
2. The coalbed methane layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the I-grade propulsion device comprises an I-grade central aluminum pipe (12A), an I-grade auxiliary ignition powder (5A) is arranged in the center of the inside of the I-grade central aluminum pipe (12A), a flame-retardant layer is coated on the inner surface of the I-grade central aluminum pipe (12A), and an I-grade propellant (4) is arranged on the outer side of the I-grade central aluminum pipe (12A).
3. The coalbed methane layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device as recited in claim 2, wherein the I-stage propellant (4) is a high burning rate composite powder, the pressure is 0-20 MPa, and the burning rate is u-1.8912 p0.9840。
4. The coalbed methane layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said class II propulsion device comprises a class II central aluminum pipe (12B), a class II auxiliary ignition powder (5B) is arranged in the center of the inside of the class II central aluminum pipe (12B), a flame retardant layer is coated on the inner surface of the class II central aluminum pipe (12B), and a class II propellant (11) is arranged on the outer side of the class II central aluminum pipe (12B).
5. The coalbed methane layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device as recited in claim 4, wherein the II-stage propellant (11) is low burning rate composite powder, the pressure is 20-65 MPa, and the burning rate is u-0.2239 p1.0975。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920494419.5U CN209875128U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device |
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| CN201920494419.5U CN209875128U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Coal bed gas layer perforation multi-pulse combined fracturing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109915080A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of grey association cluster perforation multiple-pulse combined type fracturing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109915080A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of grey association cluster perforation multiple-pulse combined type fracturing device |
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