CN102839957B - Pulse detonation fracturing device for ultra high-temperature high-pressure well - Google Patents

Pulse detonation fracturing device for ultra high-temperature high-pressure well Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102839957B
CN102839957B CN201210327368.XA CN201210327368A CN102839957B CN 102839957 B CN102839957 B CN 102839957B CN 201210327368 A CN201210327368 A CN 201210327368A CN 102839957 B CN102839957 B CN 102839957B
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gunpowder
high temperature
temperature resistant
gun barrel
pressure
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CN102839957A (en
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汪长栓
姚元文
李森元
冯国富
韩成华
王宝兴
王�锋
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North Schlumberger Oilfield Technologies Xi'an Co ltd
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North Schlumberger Oilfield Technologies Xi'an Co ltd
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Priority to CN201210327368.XA priority Critical patent/CN102839957B/en
Priority to US13/675,181 priority patent/US20140060839A1/en
Publication of CN102839957A publication Critical patent/CN102839957A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/263Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117Shaped-charge perforators

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse detonation fracturing device capable of being suitable for an ultra high-temperature high-pressure well. The pulse detonation fracturing device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure igniter, a fracturing gun barrel, a high-temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, a central gun barrel system and a gun breech or connectors, wherein the fracturing gun barrel is provided with a pressure relief hole; the central gun barrel system is a main pressure-bearing body and comprises a thick-wall gun barrel, a drilling bullet, a detonating cord and a bullet rack pipe, and the central gun barrel system can not only bear a high-temperature high-pressure environment inside a well, but also reliably ignite the high-temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder. The pulse detonation fracturing device disclosed by the invention supports the ultra high-pressure environment inside the well by utilizing the thick-wall gun barrel and ignites the high-temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder by utilizing detonation waves generated in such a way that a hole is drilled in the thick-wall gun barrel by the drilling bullet; and according to the invention, the high-temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder is filled in the fracturing gun barrel and used for a high-temperature high-pressure well with the depth being more than 5000m and the pressure being more than 70MPa. The pulse detonation fracturing device disclosed by the invention can be in series connected into a fracturing pipe string by adopting the connectors to be used for the fracturing, the plug removal and the yield increase of a long-well section and large-span or horizontal well.

Description

A kind of pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petroleum extraction, relate to a kind of pulse detonation fracturing device, particularly a kind of pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well.
Background technology
Fracturing methods at present for shallow well within 5000m all has ripe technology both at home and abroad.United States Patent (USP) (USP 5775426) discloses a kind of compound grain that is set with outside perforator and implements for Oil/gas Well the device that perforating and fracturing makes seam, the gunpowder that this device ignites outside rifle while perforating bullet penetrates perforating gun and sleeve pipe, during owing to going into the well, gunpowder is contained in outside perforating gun, only use centering ring righting, deep-well, high angle hole are easy to occur the borehole wall and gunpowder and rub incidents of spontaneous combustion.(application number: 200910023430.4) disclose a kind of pulse fracturing sand injector for horizontal wells, adopts and is contained in screen casing by compound gunpowder Chinese patent application, to light a fire the gunpowder ignited outside central tube with the linear ignition tool in central tube.This device to solve when gunpowder is gone into the well directly with the problem of pipe friction, but center tube wall is thin, not resistance to high pressure, and when employing heavy wall central tube, linear ignition tool again cannot normal ignition, and therefore, this device is high pressure resistant limited.Along with the increase of the oil and gas exploitation degree of depth, the pressure-bearing index of existing fracturing device and heat resistance are had higher requirement.
In sum, the defect that current fracturing device exists because of structure design, also cannot meet 70MPa, the technical indicator of more than 180 DEG C.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed for prior art or deficiency, the object of the invention is to, propose a kind of pulse detonation fracturing device being applicable to superhigh-temperature and-pressure well.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution to be achieved:
For a pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, comprise HTHP igniter, pressure break gun barrel, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, center gun barrel system and gun breech or jointing.Wherein, described pressure break gun barrel has relief hole, and high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and center gun barrel system are positioned at pressure break gun barrel, and center gun barrel system is pressure-bearing main body, is made up of Heavy Barrel, perforate bullet, detonating fuse and firing mount pipe.Center gun barrel system can either bear the HTHP bad border in well, again can reliable ignition high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder.This device utilizes the ultra-high voltage environment in Heavy Barrel support well, utilize the perforate bullet Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder that perforate produces on Heavy Barrel, powder burning after igniting produces high temperature and high pressure gas and implements fracturing reform to target zone, reaches de-plugging, the effect of depollution.During use, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder is contained in pressure break gun barrel, can avoid go into the well gunpowder and wall friction, exceed 5000m for well depth, and well pressure is greater than the hp-ht well of more than 70MPa, has obvious effect of increasing production, safe and reliable feature.This device adopts jointing can be concatenated into the pressure break plugging removal and stimulation of fracturing string for long well section, large span or horizontal well of some length.
Another kind of the present invention is used for the alternative structure A of pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, comprises HTHP igniter, pressure break gun barrel, high temperature resistant gunpowder, perforate bullet, detonating fuse and firing mount pipe and gun breech or jointing.Wherein, high temperature resistant gunpowder is positioned at pressure break gun barrel, pressure break gun barrel without the need to having relief hole, also without the need to Heavy Barrel.Down-hole high pressure is born by the pressure break gun barrel of atresia.HTHP igniter detonates after detonating fuse, and perforate bullet outputs eyelet at pressure break gun barrel, and simultaneously perforate bullet detonation involves the high temperature resistant gunpowder that fragment ignites in pressure break gun barrel, and this is high temperature resistant is contained in confined space before gunpowder ignites, and may not request waterproof.The eyelet that high temperature resistant powder burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet implements fracturing reform to target zone, reaches de-plugging, the effect of depollution.This device adopts male and female jointing also can be concatenated into the pressure break plugging removal and stimulation of pressure break gun barrel string for long well section, large span or horizontal well of some length.
Another alternative structure B for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well of the present invention comprises HTHP igniter, non-metal shell, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, center gun barrel system and gun breech or jointing.High temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and center gun barrel system are positioned at non-metal shell, and center gun barrel system is pressure-bearing main body, are made up of Heavy Barrel, perforate bullet, detonating fuse and firing mount pipe.Center gun barrel system can either bear the HTHP bad border in well, again can reliable ignition high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder.This device utilizes the ultra-high voltage environment in Heavy Barrel support well, utilize the perforate bullet Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder that perforate produces on Heavy Barrel, during use, there is non-metal shell outside high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and the borehole wall are effectively separated, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and wall friction when can avoid going into the well, 5000m are exceeded for well depth, well pressure is greater than the hp-ht well of more than 70MPa, has obvious effect of increasing production, safe and reliable feature.This device adopts male and female jointing can be concatenated into the pressure break plugging removal and stimulation of pressure break gun barrel string for long well section, large span or horizontal well of some length.
Another alternative structure C for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well of the present invention, comprises HTHP igniter, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, center gun barrel system and gun breech or jointing.Center gun barrel system is pressure-bearing main body, is made up of Heavy Barrel, perforate bullet, detonating fuse and firing mount pipe.The shape of high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder is powder column, and be directly socketed between HTHP igniter and center gun barrel system, center gun barrel system directly connects gun breech or jointing.The diameter of HTHP igniter, jointing or gun breech is all greater than the diameter of powder column, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and the borehole wall is separated; Center gun barrel system can either bear the HTHP bad border in well, again can reliable ignition high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder.This device utilizes the ultra-high voltage environment in Heavy Barrel support well, utilize the perforate bullet Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder that perforate produces on Heavy Barrel, the eyelet that the high temperature resistant waterproof powder burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet implements fracturing reform to target zone.Diameter due to HTHP igniter, jointing or gun breech is all greater than the diameter of high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and the borehole wall can be separated, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder and wall friction when avoiding going into the well, this device can be concatenated into the pressure break plugging removal and stimulation of pipe string for long well section, large span or horizontal well of some length.
In pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well of the present invention or its alternative structure A, B, C, the higher solid particulate matter of intensity evenly can be added as haydite, quartz sand, metal ball particle etc. in high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder or high temperature resistant gunpowder, gas after powder burning can carry this solid particulate matter and enter crack by preforation tunnel, for supporting the new crack that gases at high pressure press off on stratum, thus avoid closing up of cracks, there is pressure break and add sand double action.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of pulse detonation fracturing device structural representation for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well;
Fig. 2 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of alternative structure A of this device;
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
It should be noted that; following embodiment, just for understanding the present invention, the invention is not restricted to these embodiments, therefore; the interpolation that the technical characteristic of persons skilled in the art in the technical scheme of the application is done or alternative, all should be considered as within protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder in embodiment or high temperature resistant gunpowder are well known in the art, and concrete preparation can according to below with reference to document:
(1) Zhou Qihuai. gunpowder physical and chemical performance [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1983.
(2) Liu Jihua. gunpowder physical and chemical performance [M]. Beijing: publishing house of Beijing Institute of Technology, 1997.
(3) Zhang Shuanji, Oil/gas Well incendiary demolition technology [M]. Xi'an: Shaanxi science tech publishing house, 2003.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of concrete structure of the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, comprises HTHP igniter 1, pressure break gun barrel 2, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, center gun barrel system 4 and gun breech or jointing 5.Wherein, pressure break gun barrel 2 has relief hole 21.Center gun barrel system 4 is made up of Heavy Barrel 41, perforate bullet 42, detonating fuse 43 and firing mount pipe 44.This device utilizes Heavy Barrel 41 to support ultra-high voltage environment in well, and high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 is contained in pressure break gun barrel 2, and when can avoid going into the well, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 and the borehole wall produce and rub.After HTHP igniter 1 detonates, through detonating fuse 43 propagation of explosion and the perforate bullet 42 that detonates, perforate bullet 42 outputs eyelet on Heavy Barrel 41, detonation product ejects from eyelet, light high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 burning after igniting produces high temperature and high pressure gas and implements fracturing reform to target zone, reaches de-plugging, the effect of depollution.
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment provides the another kind of alternative structure A for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, comprises HTHP igniter 1, pressure break gun barrel 2 ', high temperature resistant gunpowder 3 ', perforate bullet 42, detonating fuse 43 and firing mount pipe 44 and gun breech or jointing 5.Wherein, pressure break gun barrel 2 ' without the need to opening relief hole, also without the need to installing Heavy Barrel 41.Down-hole high pressure is born by the pressure break gun barrel 2 ' of atresia, and high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 is contained in not to be opened in the pressure break gun barrel 2 of relief hole, and waterproof be may not request by high temperature resistant gunpowder 3 '.After HTHP igniter 1 detonates, through detonating fuse 43 propagation of explosion and the perforate bullet 42 that detonates, perforate bullet 42 outputs eyelet at pressure break gun barrel 2 ', the detonation of the bullet of perforate simultaneously involves the high temperature resistant gunpowder 3 ' that fragment ignites in pressure break gun barrel, the eyelet that powder burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet implements fracturing reform to target zone, reach de-plugging, the effect of depollution.
The present embodiment provides another alternative structure B for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, comprises HTHP igniter 1, non-metal shell 2 ", high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, center gun barrel system 4 and gun breech or jointing 5.Center gun barrel system 4 is made up of Heavy Barrel 41, perforate bullet 42, detonating fuse 43 and firing mount pipe 44.Wherein, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 and center gun barrel system 4 are positioned at non-metal shell 2 ", center gun barrel system 4 is pressure-bearing main bodys, is made up of Heavy Barrel 41, perforate bullet 42, detonating fuse 43 and firing mount pipe 44; This device utilizes Heavy Barrel 41 to support ultra-high voltage environment in well, has non-metal shell 2 outside high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 ", high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 and the borehole wall are separated, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 and wall friction when can avoid going into the well.After HTHP igniter 1 detonates, through detonating fuse 43 propagation of explosion and the perforate bullet 42 that detonates, perforate bullet 42 outputs eyelet on Heavy Barrel 41, detonation product ejects from eyelet, light high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 burning after igniting produces high temperature and high pressure gas and implements fracturing reform to target zone, reaches de-plugging, the effect of depollution.
The present embodiment provides another alternative structure C for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, comprises HTHP igniter 1, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, center gun barrel system 4 and gun breech or jointing 5.The shape of high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 is powder columns, and be directly socketed between HTHP igniter 1 and center gun barrel system 4, center gun barrel system 4 directly connects gun breech or jointing 5; Center gun barrel system 4 is made up of Heavy Barrel 41, perforate bullet 42, detonating fuse 43 and firing mount pipe 44.This device utilizes Heavy Barrel 41 to support ultra-high voltage environment in well, during making, the diameter of HTHP igniter 1, jointing or gun breech 5 is all greater than high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 diameter, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 and the borehole wall can be separated, when avoiding high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 to go into the well and the borehole wall produce and rub.After HTHP igniter 1 detonates, through detonating fuse 43 propagation of explosion and the perforate bullet 42 that detonates, perforate bullet 42 outputs eyelet on Heavy Barrel 41, detonation product ejects from eyelet, light high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder 3 burning after igniting produces high temperature and high pressure gas and implements fracturing reform to target zone, reaches de-plugging, the effect of depollution.
The above-mentioned pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well or its replacement device A, B, C all can adopt jointing to be concatenated into the fracturing string of some length, for the pressure break plugging removal and stimulation of long well section, large span or horizontal well.
During the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well of the present invention construction, require each assembly of assembling according to process formation length and interlayer, then in well head, each assembly is coupled together on ground or hang.Adopt tubing transmission or cable transmission mode that this device is sent into down-hole interval of interest, after school is located deeply, tubing transmission mode adopts well head caber or pressurization to detonate.Cable transmission mode adopts cable energising to detonate.Within 30min after igniting, be the fault offset time, dump energy is discharged by well head pipeline, after end, closes well head and observes well pressure, after well pressure is stable, reclaims downhole device again after 30min and well head well liquid is gushed.

Claims (7)

1. the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, comprise HTHP igniter (1), pressure break gun barrel (2), high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3), center gun barrel system (4) and gun breech or jointing (5); Wherein, described pressure break gun barrel (2) has relief hole (21), and high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) and center gun barrel system (4) are positioned at pressure break gun barrel (2); Described center gun barrel system (4) is pressure-bearing main body, is made up of Heavy Barrel (41), perforate bullet (42), detonating fuse (43) and firing mount pipe (44); Described Heavy Barrel (41) is for supporting the ultra-high voltage environment in well, utilize the Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) that perforate bullet (42) produces in the upper perforate of Heavy Barrel (41), the eyelet that high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) the burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet (42) implements fracturing reform to target zone.
2. the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, comprise HTHP igniter (1), pressure break gun barrel (2 '), high temperature resistant gunpowder (3 ') and gun breech or jointing (5), wherein, described high temperature resistant gunpowder (3 ') is positioned at pressure break gun barrel (2 '), pressure break gun barrel (2 ') does not open relief hole, directly bear down-hole high pressure, and perforate bullet (42), detonating fuse (43) and firing mount pipe (44) are housed; HTHP igniter (1) detonates after detonating fuse (43), perforate bullet (42) outputs eyelet at pressure break gun barrel (2 '), the detonation of the bullet of perforate simultaneously involves the high temperature resistant gunpowder (3 ') that fragment ignites in pressure break gun barrel, this is high temperature resistant is contained in confined space before gunpowder (3 ') ignites, and does not require waterproof; High temperature resistant gunpowder (3 ') burning after igniting produces high temperature and high pressure gas and implements fracturing reform by the eyelet of perforate bullet generation (42) to target zone.
3. the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, comprise HTHP igniter (1), non-metal shell (2 "), high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3), center gun barrel system (4) and gun breech or jointing (5); Wherein, described high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) and center gun barrel system (4) be positioned at non-metal shell (2 "); described center gun barrel system (4) is pressure-bearing main body, are made up of Heavy Barrel (41), perforate bullet (42), detonating fuse (43) and firing mount pipe (44); Wherein, Heavy Barrel (41) is for supporting the ultra-high voltage environment in well, utilize the Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) that perforate bullet (42) produces in the upper perforate of Heavy Barrel (41), the eyelet that high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) the burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet (42) implements fracturing reform to target zone.
4. the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, comprise HTHP igniter (1), high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3), center gun barrel system (4) and gun breech or jointing (5); Wherein, the shape of described high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) is powder column, between direct socket HTHP igniter (1) and center gun barrel system (4), center gun barrel system (4) directly connects gun breech or jointing (5); The diameter of HTHP igniter (1), jointing or gun breech (5) is all greater than the diameter of powder column, high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) and the borehole wall is separated; Described center gun barrel system (4) is pressure-bearing main body, is made up of Heavy Barrel (41), perforate bullet (42), detonating fuse (43) and firing mount pipe (44); Wherein, Heavy Barrel (41) is for supporting the ultra-high voltage environment in well, utilize the Detonation Wave high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) that perforate bullet (42) produces in the upper perforate of Heavy Barrel (41), the eyelet that high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3) the burning generation high temperature and high pressure gas after igniting is produced by perforate bullet (42) implements fracturing reform to target zone.
5. the pulse detonation fracturing device for superhigh-temperature and-pressure well as described in claim 1,3 or 4, it is characterized in that, be added with solid particulate matter in described high temperature resistant waterproof gunpowder (3), the gas after powder burning can carry solid particulate matter and enter crack by preforation tunnel.
6. as claimed in claim 2 for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, evenly be added with solid particulate matter in described high temperature resistant gunpowder (3 '), the gas after powder burning can carry solid particulate matter and enter crack by preforation tunnel.
7., as claimed in claim 6 for the pulse detonation fracturing device of superhigh-temperature and-pressure well, it is characterized in that, described solid particulate matter is haydite, quartz sand or metal ball particle.
CN201210327368.XA 2012-09-06 2012-09-06 Pulse detonation fracturing device for ultra high-temperature high-pressure well Active CN102839957B (en)

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US13/675,181 US20140060839A1 (en) 2012-09-06 2012-11-13 Fracturing a well formation

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