CN103352684B - Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fracturing technique, specifically a kind of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment and manufacture method thereof.The invention solves that existing fracturing technique fracturing effect is limited, the problem of narrow application range and safety in utilization difference.Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment comprises fracturing equipment shell; The anterior interference fit of inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell has coyote hole urceolus; The inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus is arranged with gunpowder screen casing; In the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing, envelope is provided with the first rupture of membranes; The inner chamber of gunpowder screen casing is filled with stick; Stick is connected with ignition lead; In the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell, envelope is provided with pressure spiral shell; Through hole through before and after offering between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell, on this through hole, envelope is provided with the second rupture of membranes; The inner chamber rear seal of fracturing equipment shell is filled with high pressure CO.The present invention is applicable in the exploitation of oil, natural gas, coal bed gas, shale gas etc. and the anti-reflection technique of presplitting of coal mine underground coal bed gas pumping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fracturing technique, specifically a kind of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Fracturing technique is widely used in the anti-reflection technique of presplitting of the exploitations such as downhole petroleum, natural gas, coal bed gas, shale gas and coal mine underground coal bed gas pumping.At present, the existing minable energy major parts such as domestic petroleum, natural gas, coal bed gas are the reservoirs of hyposmosis, low abundance, low-pressure, and the exploitation difficulty of this reservoir is large, and the bottleneck of its volume increase is just fracturing technique.Under prior art conditions, fracturing technique is mainly divided into according to energy source difference: explosive fracturing technology, hydraulic fracturing technology, High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology.Practice shows, existing fracturing technique limit due to self principle, the following problem of ubiquity: one, the pressure rising time of explosive fracturing technology is short (being generally Microsecond grade), and its surge pressure very high (can about 7000Mpa be reached), easily exceed the yield stress of rock and destroy well, and then forming rock compaction band.Therefore, the pressure break success rate of explosive fracturing technology is low, restricted application (being only applicable to open hole well), seldom uses at present.Its two, hydraulic fracturing technology needs a large amount of special equipment such as pump truck group, flow container, fracturing blender truck, measuring truck, and will consume a large amount of fracturing fluids in work progress, the materials such as fracturing sand, construction cost is very expensive, almost suitable with drilling cost.And down-hole boosting slowly during fracturing, pressure rising time long when even little (be generally minute level level), what often formed is " double airfoil type " crack dominated by stratum main stress bar, and the ratio of effective pressure release area is not high.Therefore, although hydraulic fracturing technology has the advantages such as pressure break scale is large, because cost is very high, and the problem of the aspect such as fracturing fluid chemical composition polluted underground water, its scope of application limited equally (being only applicable to the well that output is higher).Its three, the pressure rising time of High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology is moderate (being generally Millisecond), and its fracturing effect affects by its powder charge amount completely.And if improve its fracturing effect and increase its powder charge amount, its surge pressure is just easily too high, and then causes fried rifle or infringement sleeve pipe and the borehole wall etc. accident.Although there is part research unit to adopt the method for multiple charge at present, explosive payload and fracturing effect are had certain lifting, but on the whole pressure break area relative to oil well needs or much smaller, therefore, the fracturing effect of High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology is limited, safety in utilization is poor.Based on this, be necessary the fracturing technique of inventing a kind of brand-new clean and effective, existing fracturing technique fracturing effect is limited to solve, the problem of narrow application range and safety in utilization difference.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve, existing fracturing technique fracturing effect is limited in the present invention, the problem of narrow application range and safety in utilization difference, provides a kind of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment and manufacture method thereof.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, comprises fracturing equipment shell; On the front opening of fracturing equipment shell, envelope is provided with sealing plug; The anterior interference fit of inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell has coyote hole urceolus; The inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus is arranged with gunpowder screen casing; The rear end of gunpowder screen casing extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus, and the rear end lateral surface of gunpowder screen casing is surrounded with radial extension, is provided with O RunddichtringO between the lateral surface of this radial extension and the chamber wall of fracturing equipment shell; In the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing, envelope is provided with the first rupture of membranes; The inner chamber of gunpowder screen casing is filled with stick; Stick is connected with ignition lead; The front end of ignition lead successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus, the sealing plug of gunpowder screen casing, and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell; In the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell, envelope is provided with pressure spiral shell; Through hole through before and after offering between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell, on this through hole, envelope is provided with the second rupture of membranes; The end face of pressure spiral shell runs through and is fixed with gas tube, the rear portion of this gas tube is provided with the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure; The inner chamber rear seal of fracturing equipment shell is filled with high pressure CO; The open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell is communicated with pressure release screen casing.
During work, fracturing equipment shell is embedded in stratum.When formation carries out pressure break, to be ignited stick by ignition lead, stick fires thus and generates a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas.This high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas breaks through the first rupture of membranes instantaneously and enters the inner chamber rear portion of fracturing equipment shell, thus HTHP is passed to high pressure CO instantaneously.High pressure CO and then moment are broken through rapidly the second rupture of membranes and are sprayed by pressure release screen casing and enter stratum, make generation crack, stratum thus, thus realize formation and carry out pressure break.Based on said process, Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention has had the advantage that chemical energy (firing generation by stick) pressure rising time is short, pressure is high and the advantage that physical energy (being produced by high pressure CO) gas flow is large, the pressure platform phase is long, safe and reliable concurrently.Therefore, compared with existing fracturing technique, Chemical Physics compound explosion pressure break utensil of the present invention has the following advantages: one, compared with explosive fracturing technology, the pressure rising time longer (being generally Millisecond) of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention, and its surge pressure is lower, not easily exceed the yield stress of rock.The content of the CO particularly in fracturing equipment can significantly improve, thus strengthens fracturing effect.Therefore its pressure break has higher success rate, the scope of application is wider.They are two years old, compared with hydraulic fracturing technology, the pressure rising time shorter (being generally Millisecond) of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention, and its all parts is reusable, use cost is lower, therefore its scope of application wider (be not only applicable to the well that output is higher, and be applicable to deep layer, densification, special low permeability gas field).Meanwhile, its pressure break principle adopts nontoxic gases at high pressure (mainly CO), not containing producing the chemical substance polluted, is a kind of clean fracturing technique.They are three years old, compared with High-Energy Gas Fracturing Technology, Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention drives high pressure CO to carry out pressure break by gunpowder, and its fracturing effect does not affect by its powder charge amount, just can improve its fracturing effect without the need to increasing its powder charge amount.Therefore its fracturing effect is not limited, safety in utilization is better.In sum, Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention adopts the pressure break matter energy source (namely as the stick in chemical energy source and the high pressure CO as physical energy source) of two types, and by the pressure break matter energy source of two types is carried out organically combining and collaborative work, thus achieve the compound of chemical energy and physical energy, thus efficiently solve that existing fracturing technique fracturing effect is limited, the problem of narrow application range and safety in utilization difference.
Further, described ignition lead comprises heated filament and two wires; Wherein, heated filament is embedded at the inside of stick; The rear end of two wires is connected with the two ends of heated filament respectively; The front end of two wires all successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus, the sealing plug of gunpowder screen casing, and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell.During work, two wires and heated filament form loop jointly, and by two wire energisings, heated filament generates heat thus, thus the stick that ignites.
The manufacture method (the method is for the manufacture of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention) of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. choose gunpowder screen casing, and put radial extension in the rear end lateral surface pressed on ring winding of gunpowder screen casing, then in the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing, envelope establishes the first rupture of membranes;
B. choose stick, and on stick tie point live wire, then stick is loaded the inner chamber in gunpowder screen casing, simultaneously the front end of guarantee point live wire extends to forward the outside of gunpowder screen casing through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing;
C. coyote hole urceolus is chosen, and gunpowder screen pipe sleeve is located at the inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus, the outside that the front opening of gunpowder screen casing is passed successively in the front end of guarantee point live wire simultaneously, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus extends to forward coyote hole urceolus, and ensure that the rear end of gunpowder screen casing extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus;
D. fracturing equipment shell is chosen, and coyote hole urceolus interference fit is anterior in the inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell, then the radial extension of gunpowder screen casing is coordinated the inner chamber being installed on fracturing equipment shell, the front end of guarantee point live wire extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell successively through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus, the front opening of fracturing equipment shell simultaneously;
E. choose sealing plug, and sealing plug is fixedly welded on ignition lead, then sealing plug envelope is located on the front opening of fracturing equipment shell;
F. choose pressure spiral shell, and throughly offer through hole between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell, then on this through hole, envelope establishes the second rupture of membranes;
G. choose the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure, and run through fixing gas tube on the end face of pressure spiral shell, then unidirectional for high pressure charge valve is installed on the rear portion of this gas tube, finally pressure spiral shell envelope is located in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell;
H. open the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure, and high pressure CO is filled with the inner chamber rear portion of fracturing equipment shell by gas tube, then close the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure;
I. choose pressure release screen casing, and pressure release screen casing is communicated in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell.
The present invention is rational in infrastructure, it is ingenious to design, efficiently solve that existing fracturing technique fracturing effect is limited, the problem of narrow application range and safety in utilization difference, be applicable in the exploitation of oil, natural gas, coal bed gas, shale gas etc. and the anti-reflection technique of presplitting of coal mine underground coal bed gas pumping.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1-fracturing equipment shell, 2-sealing plug, 3-coyote hole urceolus, 4-gunpowder screen casing, 5-first rupture of membranes, 6-stick, 7-ignition lead, 8-presses spiral shell, 9-second rupture of membranes, the unidirectional charge valve of 10-high pressure, 11-high pressure CO, 12-pressure release screen casing.
Detailed description of the invention
Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, comprises fracturing equipment shell 1;
On the front opening of fracturing equipment shell 1, envelope is provided with sealing plug 2; The anterior interference fit of inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell 1 has coyote hole urceolus 3; The inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus 3 is arranged with gunpowder screen casing 4; The rear end of gunpowder screen casing 4 extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus 3, and the rear end lateral surface of gunpowder screen casing 4 is surrounded with radial extension, is provided with O RunddichtringO between the lateral surface of this radial extension and the chamber wall of fracturing equipment shell 1; In the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing 4, envelope is provided with the first rupture of membranes 5; The inner chamber of gunpowder screen casing 4 is filled with stick 6; Stick 6 is connected with ignition lead 7; The front end of ignition lead 7 successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus 3, the sealing plug 2 of gunpowder screen casing 4, and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell 1;
In the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell 1, envelope is provided with pressure spiral shell 8; Through hole through before and after offering between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell 8, on this through hole, envelope is provided with the second rupture of membranes 9; The end face of pressure spiral shell 8 runs through and is fixed with gas tube, the rear portion of this gas tube is provided with the unidirectional charge valve 10 of high pressure; The inner chamber rear seal of fracturing equipment shell 1 is filled with high pressure CO 11; The open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell 1 is communicated with pressure release screen casing 12.
Described ignition lead 7 comprises heated filament and two wires; Wherein, heated filament is embedded at the inside of stick 6; The rear end of two wires is connected with the two ends of heated filament respectively; The front end of two wires all successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus 3, the sealing plug 2 of gunpowder screen casing 4, and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell 1.
The manufacture method (the method is for the manufacture of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment of the present invention) of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. choose gunpowder screen casing 4, and put radial extension in the rear end lateral surface pressed on ring winding of gunpowder screen casing 4, then in the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing 4, envelope establishes the first rupture of membranes 5;
B. choose stick 6, and on stick 6 tie point live wire 7, then stick 6 is loaded the inner chamber in gunpowder screen casing 4, simultaneously the front end of guarantee point live wire 7 extends to forward the outside of gunpowder screen casing 4 through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing 4;
C. coyote hole urceolus 3 is chosen, and gunpowder screen casing 4 is sheathed on the inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus 3, the outside that the front opening of gunpowder screen casing 4 is passed successively in the front end of guarantee point live wire 7 simultaneously, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus 3 extends to forward coyote hole urceolus 3, and ensure that the rear end of gunpowder screen casing 4 extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus 3;
D. fracturing equipment shell 1 is chosen, and coyote hole urceolus 3 interference fit is anterior in the inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell 1, then the radial extension of gunpowder screen casing 4 is coordinated the inner chamber being installed on fracturing equipment shell 1, the front end of guarantee point live wire 7 extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell 1 successively through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing 4, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus 3, the front opening of fracturing equipment shell 1 simultaneously;
E. choose sealing plug 2, and sealing plug 2 is fixedly welded on ignition lead 7, then sealing plug 2 envelope is located on the front opening of fracturing equipment shell 1;
F. choose pressure spiral shell 8, and throughly offer through hole between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell 8, then on this through hole, envelope establishes the second rupture of membranes 9;
G. choose the unidirectional charge valve 10 of high pressure, and run through fixing gas tube on the end face of pressure spiral shell 8, then unidirectional for high pressure charge valve 10 is installed on the rear portion of this gas tube, finally pressure spiral shell 8 envelope is located in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell 1;
H. open the unidirectional charge valve 10 of high pressure, and by gas tube, high pressure CO 11 is filled with the inner chamber rear portion of fracturing equipment shell 1, then close the unidirectional charge valve 10 of high pressure;
I. choose pressure release screen casing 12, and pressure release screen casing 12 is communicated in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell 1.
During concrete enforcement, fracturing equipment shell 1 adopts high strength steel to make, and its wall thickness is 7mm-12mm.Coyote hole urceolus 3 adopts high strength steel (as 35 chromium manganese silicon, titanium alloy etc.) to make, and its compressive resistance is greater than 800Mpa, is conducive to improving safety in utilization further.Stick 6 adopts the different gunpowder (such as black powder, propellant powder, solid rocket propellant etc.) of two or more combustion speed to form, and is conducive to controlling the pressure pulse that stick fires generation.Hemispherical is processed in the rear end of pressure release screen casing 12.The tolerance limit of the first rupture of membranes 5 and the second rupture of membranes 9 should meet the following conditions: along with the rising of formation temperature, the pressure of high pressure CO can increase, but the insufficient pressure that this part increases is to break through the first rupture of membranes 5 and the second rupture of membranes 9, and the pressure that stick fires generation then can reliably be broken through.
Claims (3)
1. a Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, comprises fracturing equipment shell (1); On the front opening of fracturing equipment shell (1), envelope is provided with sealing plug (2); It is characterized in that: the anterior interference fit of inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell (1) has coyote hole urceolus (3); The inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus (3) is arranged with gunpowder screen casing (4); The rear end of gunpowder screen casing (4) extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus (3), and the rear end lateral surface of gunpowder screen casing (4) is surrounded with radial extension, be provided with O RunddichtringO between the lateral surface of this radial extension and the chamber wall of fracturing equipment shell (1); In the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing (4), envelope is provided with the first rupture of membranes (5); The inner chamber of gunpowder screen casing (4) is filled with stick (6); Stick (6) is connected with ignition lead (7); The front end of ignition lead (7) successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus (3), the sealing plug (2) of gunpowder screen casing (4), and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell (1);
In the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell (1), envelope is provided with pressure spiral shell (8); Through hole through before and after offering between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell (8), on this through hole, envelope is provided with the second rupture of membranes (9); The end face of pressure spiral shell (8) runs through and is fixed with gas tube, the rear portion of this gas tube is provided with the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure (10); The inner chamber rear seal of fracturing equipment shell (1) is filled with high pressure CO (11); The open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell (1) is communicated with pressure release screen casing (12).
2. Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ignition lead (7) comprises heated filament and two wires; Wherein, heated filament is embedded at the inside of stick (6); The rear end of two wires is connected with the two ends of heated filament respectively; The front end of two wires all successively through front opening, the front opening of coyote hole urceolus (3), the sealing plug (2) of gunpowder screen casing (4), and extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell (1).
3. a manufacture method for Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment, the method, for the manufacture of Chemical Physics compound explosion fracturing equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. choose gunpowder screen casing (4), and put radial extension in the rear end lateral surface pressed on ring winding of gunpowder screen casing (4), then in the open rearward end of gunpowder screen casing (4), envelope establishes the first rupture of membranes (5);
B. stick (6) is chosen, and at the upper tie point live wire (7) of stick (6), then stick (6) is loaded the inner chamber in gunpowder screen casing (4), simultaneously the front end of guarantee point live wire (7) extends to forward the outside of gunpowder screen casing (4) through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing (4);
C. coyote hole urceolus (3) is chosen, and gunpowder screen casing (4) is sheathed on the inner chamber of coyote hole urceolus (3), the front end of guarantee point live wire (7) extends to forward the outside of coyote hole urceolus (3) through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing (4), the front opening of coyote hole urceolus (3), and ensures that the rear end of gunpowder screen casing (4) extands rearward to the outside of coyote hole urceolus (3) successively simultaneously;
D. fracturing equipment shell (1) is chosen, and coyote hole urceolus (3) interference fit is anterior in the inner chamber of fracturing equipment shell (1), then the radial extension of gunpowder screen casing (4) is coordinated the inner chamber being installed on fracturing equipment shell (1), the front end of guarantee point live wire (7) extends to forward the outside of fracturing equipment shell (1) through the front opening of gunpowder screen casing (4), the front opening of coyote hole urceolus (3), the front opening of fracturing equipment shell (1) successively simultaneously;
E. choose sealing plug (2), and sealing plug (2) is fixedly welded on ignition lead (7), then sealing plug (2) envelope is located on the front opening of fracturing equipment shell (1);
F. choose pressure spiral shell (8), and throughly offer through hole between the front/rear end of pressure spiral shell (8), then on this through hole, envelope establishes the second rupture of membranes (9);
G. the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure (10) is chosen, and fixing gas tube is run through on the end face of pressure spiral shell (8), then unidirectional for high pressure charge valve (10) is installed on the rear portion of this gas tube, spiral shell (8) finally will be pressed to seal and be located in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell (1);
H. open the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure (10), and high pressure CO (11) is filled with the inner chamber rear portion of fracturing equipment shell (1) by gas tube, then close the unidirectional charge valve of high pressure (10);
I. choose pressure release screen casing (12), and pressure release screen casing (12) is communicated in the open rearward end of fracturing equipment shell (1).
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| CN109630085B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-01-01 | 中北大学 | Method for fracturing coal seam deep hole high-energy pulse section by section step by step |
| CN109769418B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-09-10 | 曾坚 | Explosion type fruit tree soil loosening drill rod |
| CN110306967A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of coal seam hydraulic fracture couples anti-reflection method and device with hydraulic pressure demolition |
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