CN102031952B - Multi-stage perforation supercharging method - Google Patents
Multi-stage perforation supercharging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage perforation supercharging method. In the technological processes, a supercharging device is connected with the tail of a perforation gun of the upper level, after the perforation gun of the upper level is detonated, the perforation gun transmits detonation waves to the supercharging device, a baffle igniter of the supercharging device is detonated to ignite a supercharging gun powder mechanism, the supercharging gun powder mechanism generates high-pressure gas to push a supercharging piston to move to shear a shear pin of the supercharging device, and to push the piston to extrude a liquid inside an interlayer oil pipe so as to increase the pressure inside the interlayer oil pipe, and the shear pin of the lower-level detonation device is shorn off to detonate a pressure detonation device and a perforation gun of the lower level so as to complete the perforation operation of the lower level. The method can ensure the stability and the controllability of pressure generated due to the combustion of supercharging gun powder in a supercharging cavity, the pressure is then acted on the supercharging piston to ensure that the supercharging piston moves stably, the method can also realize high-precision shearing, can be used in a pressure type multi-stage perforation process, and is suitable for various well conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Oil/gas Well TCP oil tube transmission perforation field, relate in particular to a kind of TCP multi-stage perforation supercharging method.
Background technology
In petroleum industry, the oil well perforation operation is an important operation, that perforating gun is transferred to the down-hole target zone, utilize priming device to ignite, after igniting, lined-cavity charge passes duct by perforating gun, sleeve pipe and cement layer, stratum is communicated with oil well, reach hydrocarbon stratum and can flow into smoothly the oil well purpose.
Multi-stage perforator technique refers in the situation that upper once pipe string, and the disposable Perforating Techniques of penetrating out a plurality of oil-gas Layer, can reduce the perforation number of times, saves activity duration and cost.Conventional multi-stage perforator operating type is to adopt to add three kinds of interlayer gun gun perforation process, a plurality of pressure spot duration and degree of heating classification gun perforation process, multistage caber gun perforation process.For example, Chinese Patent Application No. " 200810228974.X " discloses a kind of sectional type oil conduit conveying composite gun perforation process, its applying date is on November 24th, 2008, open day is on May 20th, 2009, this kind of gun perforation process adopts multistage mode of detonating, the sparking mode of the top first order is the same with the normal ignition mode, can adopt oil pipe pressurization igniting, the modes such as caber igniting or oil jacket pressurization igniting, each secondary pressure that can adopt of bottom is lighted a fire, the modes such as pressure retarded igniting or caber igniting, its perforation pipe string annexation is as follows: the bottom of top perforator connects the lower hanging joint with dual-use function, the joint center connects the middling speed gunpowder powder column with late ignition function, outside adopts enough fast screen casings of pressure release, screen casing bottom connection interlayer perforator or oil pipe, bottom is normal perforation pipe string again.For another example, China Patent No. " 200420003373.6 " discloses a kind of a plurality of layers of position for petroleum perforation operation perforating system successively step by step, its applying date is on February 6th, 2004, notice of authorization day is on March 2nd, 2005, comprise applied pressure by annulus device, initiator, perforator, pressure transmission gun breech, packer, interlayer oil pipe, the oil pipe be placed in sleeve pipe is built-in with the applied pressure by annulus device, oil pipe is provided with packer, be socketed with successively initiator, perforator, pressure transmission gun breech on oil pipe, in the bottom of this device, gun breech be housed.And for example, China Patent No. " 97208455.X " discloses a kind of Oil/gas Well multilayer priming device of petroleum perforation technical field, its applying date is on January 30th, 1997, notice of authorization day is on October 7th, 1998, it is comprised of give up seat, caber and four parts of various sealing ring of body, firer, and the firer gives up and is threaded connection between seat and body.
The subject matter that adds the existence of interlayer gun gun perforation process is: to large section distance, multi-section multi-layer perforation, interlayer gun is many, and the work operations amount is large, and operation intensity is large, and cost is high, and the propagation of explosion link is many, and reliability is low.The problem that a plurality of pressure spot duration and degree of heating classification gun perforation process exist mainly is: need be from the sleeve pipe perforation that pressurizes, and during to the old well perforations adding of perforation, stratum is linked up with sleeve pipe, can't pressurize and carry out underbalance perforating, and well killing fluid enters stratum while pressurizeing, and may pollute stratum.The subject matter that multistage caber gun perforation process exists is: throw in rod and rely on the gravity impact next stage perforating gun that detonates, be not suitable for large gradient inclined shaft, horizontal well perforation operation; Conventional caber detonates operation while not detonating, and for avoiding the mistake perforation, must drag for after rod could the upper lifting pipe post, but multistage caber priming device can not be dragged for excellent operation; The input rod of multistage caber gun perforation process more than secondary has self-desttruction equipment, but when construction self-desttruction equipment still have the risk of not detonating, it is longer that engineering accident is processed the engineering time, reliability, safety are poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above that in existing petroleum industry, multi-stage perforator exists, a kind of multi-stage perforation supercharging method is provided, the present invention can guarantee that supercharging gunpowder produces the stable and controlled of pressure in the booster cavity internal combustion, remake for charged piston, make the charged piston motion steadily, also can realize the high accuracy shearing, can be used in pressure type multi-stage perforator technique, be applicable to various hole conditions, particularly can solve high-angle wells and horizontal wells multi-section multi-layer, large section distance, underbalance perforating demand.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of multi-stage perforation supercharging method, it is characterized in that, comprise following activities: supercharging device is connected to upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device by detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism that ignites, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces gases at high pressure and promotes the shear pin that supercharging device is cut off in the charged piston motion, promote liquid in piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure blasting device, ignite pressure blasting device and the perforating gun of next stage, complete lower one deck perforating job.
Described supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, and described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in power cavity, and charged piston is arranged in booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in transition joint by shear pin.
Described dividing plate igniter comprises partition body, is provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in described partition body and holds powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, and acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole.
Described supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, housing, and base is connected with charged piston, is provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in described housing, and the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
The powder combustion time of described supercharging gunpowder mechanism is controlled at 10-30S, and the surge pressure of generation is in 100MPa.
Described power housing two ends are link, are provided with sealing ring on link.
Described power housing is threaded with the supercharging housing, and junction is arranged on hold-down screw.
Described supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing, and upper supercharging housing is connected with lower supercharging housing by transition joint.
Described upper supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing are threaded with transition joint respectively, and junction is provided with sealing ring.
Be provided with obstruction on described push rod, piston is connected with obstruction.
Described lower supercharging housing is connected with lower contact, is provided with safety valve and relief valve in lower contact.
Be provided with circulation groove and opening on described lower supercharging housing.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
One, the present invention adopts the hydraulic booster principle, increase the interlayer tubing pressure, for pressure type multi-stage perforator technique, applicability is wide, can in peupendicular hole, inclined shaft, horizontal well, use, particularly can solve the demands such as high-angle wells and horizontal wells multi-section multi-layer, large section distance, underbalance perforating.
Two, adopt the dividing plate igniter in the present invention to combine with the supercharging device instrument, there is higher sensitiveness and stronger ignition ability, the acceptor side powder charge can and be exported ignition energy by reliable ignition after the alms giver holds the powder charge effect, the dividing plate igniter has the detonation of acceptance, the supercharging gunpowder effect of igniting, the detonation of upper level perforating gun is converted into to burning, can make again perforating gun and booster cavity keep isolation, avoid the phase mutual interference, guarantee that the compound gunpowder of supercharging produces the stability of pressure, controllability in the booster cavity internal combustion.
Three, adopt the supercharging gunpowder in the present invention, especially the powder column of lighting a fire is positioned at the igniting cyclome, gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom, gunpowder is neutral burning in housing, can guarantee that gunpowder produces the stable and controlled of pressure in the booster cavity internal combustion, remake for charged piston, make the charged piston motion steadily.
Four, in the present invention, piston is fixed in transition joint by shear pin, can realize the high accuracy shearing, there is the charged piston of preventing and push rod moves down in the process of going into the well, keep charged piston movement travel effect, it can avoid damaging when pipe string shakes, and can under the shear pressure of design, reliably cut off.
Five, on lower supercharging housing, circulation groove and opening are set in the present invention.When opening is gone into the well at oil pipe, well liquid enters the sandwich segment oil pipe, automatically fills oil pipe.Circulation groove, when product work, when piston movement, draws working fluid and acts on piston, increases the sandwich segment tubing pressure.
While six, adopting operation of the present invention, pressurization is steady, controlled, and with overload protection arrangement (safety valve, relief valve), security of system is reliable.Increase pressure high, increase pressure during the product normal operation and be greater than 70MPa in 100m interlayer oil pipe (2 7/8 oil pipes, external diameter φ 73mm, internal diameter φ 62mm).
Seven, adopt operation of the present invention; during pressurization; well liquid only enters first order pressure blasting device upper end tubing string, does not enter stratum, has solved Lao Jing stratum and the sleeve pipe communication of perforation; can't pressurize and carry out underbalance perforating; and during pressurization, well killing fluid enters stratum, may pollute stratum, affects the production capacity problem; be conducive to protection of the environment, improve production capacity.
While eight, adopting operation of the present invention, with oil pipe, replace interlayer gun, technique is simple, easy and simple to handle, working stability, safety, reliable when down-hole is used, solved interlayer gun many, the work operations amount is large, and operation intensity is large, cost is high, and the problem such as the propagation of explosion link is many, and reliability is low.Can reduce the engineering accident caused due to interlayer gun seepage, disconnected quick-fried etc., improve the perforation success rate, increase security of system, reliability, reduce the expense of processing accident, and optimized gun perforation process, improve operating efficiency, save operating cost.
While nine, adopting operation of the present invention, tubing string can carry out perforation to a plurality of layers of position next time, reducing tubing string removes, save operating expenses and time, can science instruct in time well stimulation, increase economic efficiency, the more important thing is and avoid high-pressure oil-gas well after perforation play the risk that lower tubular column brings and affect output, effectively improve safety, the reliability of system.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Multi-stage perforation booster device structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is median septum igniter schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is supercharging gunpowder mechanism schematic diagram in the present invention;
Reference numeral in Fig. 1 is: 1, dividing plate igniter, 2, O shape circle, 3, the power housing, 4, supercharging gunpowder mechanism, 5, screw, 6, upper supercharging housing, 7, charged piston, 8, lower contact, 9, push rod, 10, transition joint, 11, stop up, 12, shear pin, 13, piston, 14, lower supercharging housing, 15, relief valve, 16, safety valve;
Reference numeral in Fig. 2 is: 1, block, 2, the alms giver holds the powder charge hole, 3, partition body, 4, O shape circle, 5, acceptor side powder charge hole, 6, the igniting powder column, 7, collar;
Reference numeral in Fig. 3 is: 1, cover plate, 2, the igniting powder column, 3, the igniting cyclome, 4, compound gunpowder, 5, housing, 6, base.
The specific embodiment
A kind of multi-stage perforation supercharging method, comprise following activities: Multi-stage perforation booster device is connected to upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device by detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism that ignites, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces the motion of gases at high pressure promotion charged piston and cuts off the copper shear pin, promote liquid in piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure blasting device, ignite pressure blasting device and the perforating gun of next stage, complete lower one deck perforating job.Pressure blasting device in the present invention can adopt pressure blasting device of the prior art.
Adopt the oil pipe mode of movement, connect first order Multi-stage perforation booster device at first order perforating gun afterbody, connection interlayer oil pipe, second level pressure blasting device, second level perforating gun, second level Multi-stage perforation booster device, connection interlayer oil pipe, next stage pressure blasting device and perforating gun successively again.Separately can need to connect the instruments such as damper, packer according to operation.
Supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, and described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in power cavity, and charged piston is arranged in booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in transition joint by shear pin.
The dividing plate igniter comprises block, partition body, O shape circle and collar, be provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in described partition body and hold powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole.
Supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, housing, is provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in described housing, and the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
In the present invention, power housing two ends are link, are provided with sealing ring on link.The power housing is threaded with the supercharging housing, and junction is arranged on hold-down screw.
The supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing, and upper supercharging housing is connected with lower supercharging housing by transition joint.Upper supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing are threaded with transition joint respectively, and junction is provided with sealing ring.Be provided with obstruction on push rod, piston is connected with obstruction.The supercharging housing is connected with lower contact, is provided with safety valve and relief valve in lower contact.Be provided with circulation groove and opening on housing.
The present invention is for the multi-stage perforator operation, adopts the hydraulic booster principle, and interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, and ignites next stage pressure blasting device and next stage perforating gun, completes lower one deck perforating job, and tubing string can carry out perforation to a plurality of layers of position next time.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in the figure, multi-stage perforation supercharging method operating system tubing string is comprised of dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder, Multi-stage perforation booster device, pressure blasting device, perforator etc.Adopt the oil pipe mode of movement, connect first order Multi-stage perforation booster device at first order perforating gun afterbody, connection interlayer oil pipe, second level pressure blasting device, second level perforating gun, second level Multi-stage perforation booster device, connection interlayer oil pipe, next stage pressure blasting device and perforating gun successively again.Separately can need to connect the instruments such as damper, packer according to operation.
Multi-stage perforation booster device is comprised of dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder, power housing, charged piston, upper supercharging housing, push rod, piston, shear pin, lower supercharging housing, lower contact, relief valve, safety valve, O shape circle, screw etc.Power housing, supercharging housing, lower contact are threaded connection, seal with O ring, and adopt screw to prevent from connecting loosening.
Dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder mechanism are contained in power cavity, and the dividing plate igniter is accepted perforating gun detonation, and the detonation of upper level perforating gun is converted into to burning, light the supercharging gunpowder of supercharging gunpowder mechanism.The dividing plate igniter makes perforating gun and booster cavity keep isolation, avoids the mutual interference of pressure phase; Gunpowder in the power cavity internal combustion time at 10-30S, the surge pressure of generation in 100MPa, pressure stability, controlled, on effect and charged piston, make charged piston motion steadily.
Charged piston connects push rod and is contained in the supercharging housing, and piston relies on shear pin to be fixed in transition joint.During product work, the charged piston effect of being stressed promotes push rod and piston movement, cuts off shear pin.
Shear pin have the charged piston of preventing and push rod in the process of going into the well because Action of Gravity Field moves down, keep charged piston movement travel effect; Just cut off because shear pin need reach certain pressure, can in booster cavity and upper supercharging housing, set up initial pressure, make the supercharging gunpowder burning reliable, avoid gunpowder just to burn, charged piston is motion just, and booster cavity and upper supercharging housing internal pressure descend too fast, makes the disconnected combustion of supercharging gunpowder.Shear pin is the high accuracy shear pin, and it has certain intensity in order to avoid damages when pipe string shakes, and can under the shear pressure of design, reliably cut off.
On lower supercharging housing, circulation groove and opening are set.When opening is gone into the well at oil pipe, well liquid enters the sandwich segment oil pipe under the effect of interlayer oil pipe inside and outside differential pressure, fills oil pipe.Circulation groove, when product work, when piston movement, draws working fluid and acts on piston, increases the sandwich segment tubing pressure.
Be provided with safety valve in lower contact, be designed with certain thickness rupture diaphragm on safety valve, (withstand voltage scope: 80-140MPa) that the rupture diaphragm withstand voltage is adjustable, when sandwich segment oil pipe internal pressure, increasing when too high, the safety valve rupture diaphragm is opened, and links up annular space and sandwich segment oil pipe, relieving pressure, avoid the sandwich segment pipeline rupture, improve the tubing string safety.
Be provided with relief valve in lower contact, be designed with pressure release bolt and relief hole on relief valve, after perforation, increase when too high when sandwich segment oil pipe internal pressure, can first rotate the pressure release bolt while tripping out tubing string, open pressure release passage, the sandwich segment of releasing tubing pressure, while avoiding dismantling oil pipe, the interior well liquid of oil pipe under high pressure sprays, and improves the well head processing safety.
Operating principle of the present invention is:
Adopt that dividing plate detonates, firer's start, liquid compression supercharging Initiation principle.During operation, press the quantity of selection pressure priming device shear pin according to the residing well of perforation layer, first order priming device is ignited in the well head pressurization, and first order perforating gun is ignited in the detonation of priming device output.After first order perforating gun perforation, ignite supercharging device dividing plate igniter, the two-stage ignition powder column that ignites, three grades of compound gunpowder of supercharging.The pressure that the supercharging gunpowder burning produces promotes piston, well liquid in extruding interlayer oil pipe, produce pressure increment, second level pressure blasting device and second level perforating gun detonate, complete second level perforating job, and next stage pressure blasting device and the next stage perforating gun of detonating of working successively, complete lower one deck perforating job.
Claims (7)
1. a multi-stage perforation supercharging method, it is characterized in that, comprise following activities: supercharging device is connected to upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device by detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism that ignites, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces gases at high pressure and promotes the shear pin that supercharging device is cut off in the charged piston motion, promote liquid in piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure blasting device, ignite pressure blasting device and the perforating gun of next stage, complete lower one deck perforating job,
Described supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, and described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in power cavity, and charged piston is arranged in booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in transition joint by shear pin;
Described dividing plate igniter comprises partition body, is provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in described partition body and holds powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, and acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole;
Described supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, housing, and base is connected with charged piston, is provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in described housing, and the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
2. multi-stage perforation supercharging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the powder combustion time of described supercharging gunpowder mechanism is controlled at 10-30S, and the surge pressure of generation is in 100MPa.
3. multi-stage perforation supercharging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power housing two ends are link, are provided with sealing ring on link.
4. multi-stage perforation supercharging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing, upper supercharging housing is connected with lower supercharging housing by transition joint.
5. according to the multi-stage perforation supercharging method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described upper supercharging housing and lower supercharging housing are threaded with transition joint respectively, and junction is provided with sealing ring.
6. according to the multi-stage perforation supercharging method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described lower supercharging housing is connected with lower contact, is provided with safety valve and relief valve in lower contact.
7. according to the multi-stage perforation supercharging method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that: on described lower supercharging housing, be provided with circulation groove and opening.
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| CN 201010561286 CN102031952B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Multi-stage perforation supercharging method |
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Effective date of registration: 20160926 Address after: 646605 Luzhou City, Sichuan province Longmatan District Road No. 010220 dam space Patentee after: Sky Energy Science Co., Ltd of river South Airways Address before: 646003 box four, Luzhou, Sichuan Patentee before: Chuannan Machinery Works, China Astronautics Science &. Technology Group Corp. |