CN102031952A - Multi-stage perforation supercharging method - Google Patents
Multi-stage perforation supercharging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102031952A CN102031952A CN2010105612862A CN201010561286A CN102031952A CN 102031952 A CN102031952 A CN 102031952A CN 2010105612862 A CN2010105612862 A CN 2010105612862A CN 201010561286 A CN201010561286 A CN 201010561286A CN 102031952 A CN102031952 A CN 102031952A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage perforation supercharging method. In the technological processes, a supercharging device is connected with the tail of a perforation gun of the upper level, after the perforation gun of the upper level is detonated, the perforation gun transmits detonation waves to the supercharging device, a baffle igniter of the supercharging device is detonated to ignite a supercharging gun powder mechanism, the supercharging gun powder mechanism generates high-pressure gas to push a supercharging piston to move to shear a shear pin of the supercharging device, and to push the piston to extrude a liquid inside an interlayer oil pipe so as to increase the pressure inside the interlayer oil pipe, and the shear pin of the lower-level detonation device is shorn off to detonate a pressure detonation device and a perforation gun of the lower level so as to complete the perforation operation of the lower level. The method can ensure the stability and the controllability of pressure generated due to the combustion of supercharging gun powder in a supercharging cavity, the pressure is then acted on the supercharging piston to ensure that the supercharging piston moves stably, the method can also realize high-precision shearing, can be used in a pressure type multi-stage perforation process, and is suitable for various well conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil gas well TCP oil tube transmission perforation field, relate in particular to a kind of TCP multi-stage perforator boosting method.
Background technology
In petroleum industry, the oil well perforation operation is an important operation, be that perforating gun is transferred to the down-hole target zone, utilize priming device to ignite, ignite the back lined-cavity charge perforating gun, sleeve pipe and cement layer are passed the duct, the stratum is communicated with oil well, reach hydrocarbon stratum and can flow into the oil well purpose smoothly.
Multi-stage perforator technology refers to that disposable gun perforation process technology of penetrating out a plurality of oil-gas Layer can reduce the perforation number of times under the situation that pipe is gone here and there next time, saves activity duration and cost.Conventional multi-stage perforator operating type is to adopt to add three kinds of interlayer gun gun perforation process, a plurality of pressure spot duration and degree of heating classification gun perforation process, multistage caber gun perforation process.For example, Chinese patent application number " 200810228974.X " discloses a kind of sectional type oil conduit conveying composite gun perforation process, its applying date is on November 24th, 2008, open day is on May 20th, 2009, this kind gun perforation process adopts multistage mode of detonating, the sparking mode of the top first order is the same with the normal ignition mode, can adopt oil pipe pressurization igniting, modes such as caber igniting or oil jacket pressurization igniting, each secondary pressure that can adopt of bottom is lighted a fire, modes such as pressure retarded igniting or caber igniting, it is as follows that its perforation pipe polyphone connects relation: the bottom of top perforator connects the following hanging joint with dual-use function, the joint center connects the middling speed gunpowder powder column with late ignition function, the enough fast screen casing of pressure release is adopted in the outside, the screen casing bottom connects interlayer perforator or oil pipe, and the bottom is normal perforation pipe string again.For another example, China Patent No. " 200420003373.6 " discloses a kind of a plurality of layers of position that are used for petroleum perforation operation perforating system successively step by step, its applying date is on February 6th, 2004, notice of authorization day is on March 2nd, 2005, comprise annular space pressurizer, initiator, perforator, pressure transmission gun breech, packer, interlayer oil pipe, place the oil pipe in the sleeve pipe to be built-in with the annular space pressurizer, oil pipe is provided with packer, be socketed with initiator, perforator, pressure transmission gun breech on the oil pipe successively, gun breech be housed in the bottom of this device.And for example, China Patent No. " 97208455.X " discloses a kind of oil gas well multilayer priming device of petroleum perforation technical field, its applying date is on January 30th, 1997, notice of authorization day is on October 7th, 1998, it is made up of give up seat, four parts of caber and various sealing ring of body, firer, the firer give up with body between by being threaded.
The subject matter that adds the existence of interlayer gun gun perforation process is: to big section distance, multi-section multi-layer perforation, interlayer gun is many, and the work operations amount is big, and operation intensity is big, the cost height, and the propagation of explosion link is many, and reliability is low.The problem that a plurality of pressure spot duration and degree of heating classification gun perforation process exist mainly is: need from sleeve pipe pressurization perforation, during to the old well perforations adding of perforation, the stratum is linked up with sleeve pipe, can't pressurize and carry out underbalance perforating, and well killing fluid enters the stratum when pressurizeing, and may pollute the stratum.The subject matter that multistage caber gun perforation process exists is: throw in rod and rely on the gravity impact next stage perforating gun that detonates, be not suitable for big gradient inclined shaft, horizontal well perforation operation; Conventional caber detonates operation when not detonating, and for avoiding the mistake perforation, must drag for behind the rod could the upper lifting pipe post, but multistage caber priming device can not drag for excellent operation; The input rod of multistage caber gun perforation process more than secondary has self-desttruction equipment, but when construction self-desttruction equipment still have the risk of not detonating, it is longer that engineering accident is handled the engineering time, reliability, safety are relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above that multi-stage perforator exists in the existing petroleum industry, a kind of multi-stage perforator boosting method is provided, the present invention can guarantee that the supercharging gunpowder produces the stable and controlled of pressure in the booster cavity internal combustion, remake and be used for charged piston, make the charged piston motion steadily, also can realize the high accuracy shearing, can be used in the pressure type multi-stage perforator technology, be applicable to various hole conditions, particularly can solve high angle hole and horizontal well multi-section multi-layer, big section distance, underbalance perforating demand.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of multi-stage perforator boosting method, it is characterized in that, comprise following activities: supercharging device is connected upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device with detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism of igniting, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces gases at high pressure and promotes the shear pin that supercharging device is cut off in the charged piston motion, promote liquid in the piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure priming device, ignite the pressure priming device and the perforating gun of next stage, finish down one deck perforating job.
Described supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, and described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in the power cavity, and charged piston is arranged in the booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in the transition joint by shear pin.
Described dividing plate igniter comprises partition body, is provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in the described partition body and holds powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, and acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole.
Described supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, the housing, and base is connected with charged piston, is provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in the described housing, and the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
The powder combustion time of described supercharging gunpowder mechanism is controlled at 10-30S, and the surge pressure of generation is in 100MPa.
Described power housing two ends are link, and link is provided with sealing ring.
Described power housing is threaded with the supercharging housing, and the junction is arranged on hold-down screw.
Described supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and following supercharging housing, and last supercharging housing is connected with following supercharging housing by transition joint.
The described supercharging housing of going up is threaded with transition joint respectively with following supercharging housing, and the junction is provided with sealing ring.
Described push rod is provided with obstruction, and piston is connected with obstruction.
Described supercharging housing down is connected with lower contact, and lower contact is provided with safety valve and relief valve.
Described supercharging housing down is provided with circulation groove and opening.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
One, the present invention adopts the hydraulic booster principle, increase the interlayer tubing pressure, be used for pressure type multi-stage perforator technology, applicability is wide, can in peupendicular hole, inclined shaft, horizontal well, use, particularly can solve demands such as high angle hole and horizontal well multi-section multi-layer, big section distance, underbalance perforating.
Two, adopt the dividing plate igniter among the present invention to combine with the supercharging device instrument, have higher sensitiveness and stronger ignition ability, the acceptor side powder charge can and be exported ignition energy by reliable ignition after the alms giver holds the powder charge effect, the dividing plate igniter has the detonation of acceptance, the supercharging gunpowder effect of igniting, the detonation of upper level perforating gun is converted into burning, can make perforating gun and booster cavity keep isolation again, avoid the phase mutual interference, guarantee the stability of the compound gunpowder of supercharging, controllability at booster cavity internal combustion generation pressure.
Three, the supercharging gunpowder among employing the present invention, especially the powder column of lighting a fire is positioned at the igniting cyclome, gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom, gunpowder is neutral burning in housing, can guarantee that gunpowder produces the stable and controlled of pressure in the booster cavity internal combustion, remake and be used for charged piston, make the charged piston motion steadily.
Four, piston is fixed in the transition joint by shear pin among the present invention, can realize the high accuracy shearing, has the charged piston of preventing and push rod moves down in the process of going into the well, keep charged piston movement travel effect, it can avoid damaging when the vibrations of pipe string, and can reliably cut off under the shear pressure of design.
Five, on the supercharging housing circulation groove and opening are set down among the present invention.When opening was gone into the well at oil pipe, well liquid entered the sandwich segment oil pipe, filled oil pipe automatically.When circulation groove is worked at product, when piston motion, draw working fluid and act on the piston, increase the sandwich segment tubing pressure.
When six, adopting operation of the present invention, pressurization is steady, controlled, has overload protection arrangement (safety valve, relief valve), and security of system is reliable.Increase the pressure height, in 100m interlayer oil pipe (2 7/8 oil pipes, external diameter φ 73mm, internal diameter φ 62mm), increase pressure during the product operate as normal greater than 70MPa.
Seven, adopt operation of the present invention; during pressurization; well liquid only enters first order pressure priming device upper end tubing string, does not enter the stratum, has solved the Lao Jing stratum and the sleeve pipe communication of perforation; can't pressurize and carry out underbalance perforating; and well killing fluid enters the stratum during pressurization, may pollute the stratum, influences the production capacity problem; help protecting environment, improve production capacity.
When eight, adopting operation of the present invention, replace interlayer gun with oil pipe, technology is simple, easy and simple to handle, working stability when use the down-hole, safety, reliably, it is many to have solved interlayer gun, and the work operations amount is big, and operation intensity is big, cost height, and problem such as the propagation of explosion link is many, and reliability is low.Can reduce the engineering accident that causes owing to interlayer gun seepage, disconnected quick-fried etc., improve the perforation success rate, increase security of system, reliability, reduce the expense of processing accident, and optimized gun perforation process, improve operating efficiency, save operating cost.
When nine, adopting operation of the present invention, tubing string can carry out perforation to a plurality of layers of position next time, reducing tubing string removes, save operating expenses and time, can science instruct well stimulation in time, increase economic efficiency, the more important thing is and avoid high-pressure oil-gas well behind the perforation to play the risk that lower tubular column brings and influence output, improve safety, the reliability of system effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is multi-stage perforator supercharging device structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a median septum igniter schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is supercharging gunpowder structural scheme of mechanism among the present invention;
Reference numeral among Fig. 1 is: 1, dividing plate igniter, 2, O shape circle, 3, the power housing, 4, supercharging gunpowder mechanism, 5, screw, 6, go up the supercharging housing, 7, charged piston, 8, lower contact, 9, push rod, 10, transition joint, 11, stop up, 12, shear pin, 13, piston, 14, following supercharging housing, 15, relief valve, 16, safety valve;
Reference numeral among Fig. 2 is: 1, block, 2, the alms giver holds the powder charge hole, 3, partition body, 4, O shape circle, 5, acceptor side powder charge hole, 6, the igniting powder column, 7, collar;
Reference numeral among Fig. 3 is: 1, cover plate, 2, the igniting powder column, 3, the igniting cyclome, 4, compound gunpowder, 5, housing, 6, base.
The specific embodiment
A kind of multi-stage perforator boosting method, comprise following activities: the multi-stage perforator supercharging device is connected upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device with detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism of igniting, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces the motion of gases at high pressure promotion charged piston and cuts off the copper shear pin, promote liquid in the piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure priming device, ignite the pressure priming device and the perforating gun of next stage, finish down one deck perforating job.Pressure priming device among the present invention can adopt pressure priming device of the prior art.
Adopt the oil pipe mode of movement, connect first order multi-stage perforator supercharging device at first order perforating gun afterbody, connect interlayer oil pipe, second level pressure priming device, second level perforating gun, second level multi-stage perforator supercharging device again, connect interlayer oil pipe, next stage pressure priming device and perforating gun successively.Can connect instruments such as damper, packer according to the operation needs in addition.
Supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, and described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in the power cavity, and charged piston is arranged in the booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in the transition joint by shear pin.
The dividing plate igniter comprises block, partition body, O shape circle and collar, be provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in the described partition body and hold powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole.
Supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, the housing, is provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in the described housing, and the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
Among the present invention, power housing two ends are link, and link is provided with sealing ring.The power housing is threaded with the supercharging housing, and the junction is arranged on hold-down screw.
The supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and following supercharging housing, and last supercharging housing is connected with following supercharging housing by transition joint.Last supercharging housing and following supercharging housing are threaded with transition joint respectively, and the junction is provided with sealing ring.Push rod is provided with obstruction, and piston is connected with obstruction.The supercharging housing is connected with lower contact, and lower contact is provided with safety valve and relief valve.Housing is provided with circulation groove and opening.
The present invention is used for the multi-stage perforator operation, adopts the hydraulic booster principle, and interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, and ignites next stage pressure priming device and next stage perforating gun, finishes down one deck perforating job, and tubing string can carry out perforation to a plurality of layers of position next time.The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in the figure, multi-stage perforator boosting method operating system tubing string is made up of dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder, multi-stage perforator supercharging device, pressure priming device, perforator etc.Adopt the oil pipe mode of movement, connect first order multi-stage perforator supercharging device at first order perforating gun afterbody, connect interlayer oil pipe, second level pressure priming device, second level perforating gun, second level multi-stage perforator supercharging device again, connect interlayer oil pipe, next stage pressure priming device and perforating gun successively.Can connect instruments such as damper, packer according to the operation needs in addition.
The multi-stage perforator supercharging device is made up of dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder, power housing, charged piston, last supercharging housing, push rod, piston, shear pin, following supercharging housing, lower contact, relief valve, safety valve, O shape circle, screw etc.Power housing, supercharging housing, lower contact be by being threaded, seal with O ring, and adopt screw to prevent to connect loosening.
Dividing plate igniter, supercharging gunpowder mechanism are contained in the power cavity, and the dividing plate igniter is accepted perforating gun detonation, and the detonation of upper level perforating gun is converted into burning, light the supercharging gunpowder of supercharging gunpowder mechanism.The dividing plate igniter makes perforating gun and booster cavity keep isolation, avoids the mutual interference of pressure phase; Gunpowder the power cavity internal combustion time at 10-30S, the surge pressure of generation in 100MPa, pressure stability, controlled, on effect and the charged piston, make charged piston motion steadily.
Charged piston connects push rod and is contained in the supercharging housing, and piston relies on shear pin to be fixed in the transition joint.During product work, the charged piston effect of being stressed promotes push rod and piston motion, cuts off shear pin.
Shear pin has the charged piston of preventing and push rod moves down owing to action of gravity in the process of going into the well, and keeps charged piston movement travel effect; Because shear pin need reach certain pressure and just cut off, can in booster cavity and last supercharging housing, set up initial pressure, make the supercharging powder burning reliable, avoid gunpowder just to burn, charged piston is motion just, and booster cavity and last supercharging housing internal pressure descend too fast, makes the disconnected combustion of supercharging gunpowder.Shear pin is the high accuracy shear pin, and it has certain intensity in order to avoid damage when the vibrations of pipe string, and can reliably cut off under the shear pressure of design.
On the supercharging housing circulation groove and opening are being set down.When opening was gone into the well at oil pipe, well liquid entered the sandwich segment oil pipe under the effect of interlayer oil pipe inside and outside differential pressure, fill oil pipe.When circulation groove is worked at product, when piston motion, draw working fluid and act on the piston, increase the sandwich segment tubing pressure.
Lower contact is provided with safety valve, design has certain thickness rupture diaphragm on the safety valve, (withstand voltage scope: 80-140MPa) that the rupture diaphragm withstand voltage is adjustable, increasing when sandwich segment oil pipe internal pressure when too high, the safety valve rupture diaphragm is opened, and links up annular space and sandwich segment oil pipe, relieving pressure, avoid the sandwich segment pipeline rupture, improve the tubing string safety.
Lower contact is provided with relief valve, design has pressure release bolt and relief hole on the relief valve, increase when too high when sandwich segment oil pipe internal pressure behind the perforation, can rotate the pressure release bolt earlier when tripping out tubing string, open pressure release passage, the sandwich segment of releasing tubing pressure, the interior well liquid of oil pipe under high pressure sprays when avoiding dismantling oil pipe, improves the well head processing safety.
Operating principle of the present invention is:
Adopt that dividing plate detonates, principle is detonated in firer's start, liquid compression supercharging.During operation, according to the quantity of the residing well pressure of perforation layer selection pressure priming device shear pin, first order priming device is ignited in the well head pressurization, and first order perforating gun is ignited in the detonation of priming device output.Behind the first order perforating gun perforation, ignite supercharging device dividing plate igniter, the two-stage ignition powder column that ignites, three grades of compound gunpowder of supercharging.The pressure that the supercharging powder burning produces promotes piston, well liquid in the extruding interlayer oil pipe, produce pressure increment, second level pressure priming device and second level perforating gun detonate, finish second level perforating job, and next stage pressure priming device and the next stage perforating gun of detonating of working successively, finish down one deck perforating job.
Claims (10)
1. multi-stage perforator boosting method, it is characterized in that, comprise following activities: supercharging device is connected upper level perforating gun gun breech, after the upper level perforating gun detonates, perforating gun is passed to supercharging device with detonation wave, ignite the dividing plate igniter of supercharging device, the dividing plate igniter supercharging gunpowder mechanism of igniting, supercharging gunpowder mechanism produces gases at high pressure and promotes the shear pin that supercharging device is cut off in the charged piston motion, promote liquid in the piston extruding interlayer oil pipe, interlayer oil pipe internal pressure is raise, cut off the shear pin of next stage pressure priming device, ignite the pressure priming device and the perforating gun of next stage, finish down one deck perforating job.
2. multi-stage perforator boosting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supercharging device comprises dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder mechanism, also comprise power housing and the supercharging housing that is positioned at the power lower housing portion, be provided with power cavity in the power housing, be provided with booster cavity in the supercharging housing, power cavity is communicated with booster cavity, described dividing plate igniter and supercharging gunpowder are arranged in the power cavity, charged piston is arranged in the booster cavity, charged piston is connected with piston by push rod, and piston is fixed in the transition joint by shear pin.
3. multi-stage perforator boosting method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described dividing plate igniter comprises partition body, be provided with the alms giver that gunpowder is housed in the described partition body and hold powder charge hole and acceptor side powder charge hole, acceptor side powder charge hole is communicated with the igniting powder column chamber that the igniting powder column is housed, and igniting powder column chamber communicates with spray-hole.
4. multi-stage perforator boosting method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described supercharging gunpowder mechanism comprises cover plate and the base on housing, the housing, base is connected with charged piston, be provided with igniting powder column, igniting cyclome and compound gunpowder in the described housing, the igniting powder column is positioned at the igniting cyclome, and compound gunpowder is positioned at igniting cyclome bottom.
5. according to arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method in the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the powder combustion time of described supercharging gunpowder mechanism is controlled at 10-30S, and the surge pressure of generation is in 100MPa.
6. according to arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method in the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described power housing two ends are link, and link is provided with sealing ring.
7. according to arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method in the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described supercharging housing comprises supercharging housing and following supercharging housing, and last supercharging housing is connected with following supercharging housing by transition joint.
8. according to arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method in the claim 7, it is characterized in that: the described supercharging housing of going up is threaded with transition joint respectively with following supercharging housing, and the junction is provided with sealing ring.
According to Claim 8 in arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method, it is characterized in that: described down supercharging housing is connected with lower contact, and lower contact is provided with safety valve and relief valve.
10. according to arbitrary described multi-stage perforator boosting method in the claim 9, it is characterized in that: described supercharging housing down is provided with circulation groove and opening.
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Effective date of registration: 20160926 Address after: 646605 Luzhou City, Sichuan province Longmatan District Road No. 010220 dam space Patentee after: Sky Energy Science Co., Ltd of river South Airways Address before: 646003 box four, Luzhou, Sichuan Patentee before: Chuannan Machinery Works, China Astronautics Science &. Technology Group Corp. |