CN113494254B - Perforating gun discharging device and discharging method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a perforating gun lifting device and a perforating gun lifting method, and belongs to the field of oil and gas equipment. The perforating gun discharge device comprises: the device comprises a salvage assembly, a pump barrel and a first communication part; the first end of the pump cylinder is used for being in sealing connection with an annular blowout preventer of pressurized operation equipment, and the second end of the pump cylinder is in sealing arrangement; the outer wall of the salvage assembly is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump barrel and can move along the axial direction of the pump barrel, and the first end of the salvage assembly is used for being connected with a short joint at the top of the perforating gun; the first communication part is arranged at the second end of the pump cylinder and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder, and a first gate is arranged on the first communication part. According to the perforating gun lifting device, when the perforating gun is lifted, fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun can be sprayed into the inner cavity of the pump barrel. In this way, the fluid is prevented from being directly sprayed into the environment from the top of the perforating gun, and the environment pollution is avoided.

Description

Perforating gun discharging device and discharging method

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of oil and gas equipment, in particular to a perforating gun lifting device and a perforating gun lifting method.

Background

During oil extraction or gas extraction, in order to enable oil or gas in a hydrocarbon reservoir to smoothly enter a hydrocarbon well, perforation operation is required to be performed on a shaft of the hydrocarbon well, and after perforation operation is performed on the shaft of the hydrocarbon well, the hydrocarbon may be ejected from a wellhead of the hydrocarbon well, so that blowout phenomenon occurs, and environmental pollution is caused.

The related art provides a pressurized operation device, which comprises a lifting system, and a pressure testing four-way valve, a fully-sealed flashboard, a built-in slip and an annular blowout preventer which are sequentially connected from bottom to top. Before the exit hole gun is started, the pressurized operation equipment can be firstly installed on a wellhead four-way joint of an oil gas well through a pressure testing four-way joint, and then the exit hole gun can be slowly started through a lifting system. When the perforating gun is lifted up through the lifting system, along with the leakage of the top of the perforating gun from the annular blowout preventer, when the bottom of the perforating gun does not cross the full-seal flashboard, since the bullet holes are reserved on the gun body of the perforating gun after the perforating operation, oil or gas in the oil-gas well can sequentially enter the inner cavity of the perforating gun through the full-seal flashboard and the bullet holes, and then is sprayed out along the top of the perforating gun, namely, the blowout phenomenon occurs. With the continuous rising of the perforating gun, after the bottom of the perforating gun passes over the full-sealed flashboard, the perforating gun can be clamped by the built-in slips, and the full-sealed flashboard is closed, so that the continuous ejection of the oil gas in the oil gas well from the top of the perforating gun can be avoided. Finally, the internal slips can be released to initiate the perforating gun.

From the above description, it can be seen that when the perforating gun is lifted up by the lifting system of the pressurized working equipment, blowout still occurs before the top of the perforating gun leaks out of the annular blowout preventer and the full-seal flashboard is not closed, and the environment is polluted. Thus, there is a need for a perforating gun tripping device that addresses the above-described issues.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a perforating gun lifting device and a perforating gun lifting method, which can solve the problem that blowout phenomenon can occur when a perforating gun is lifted. The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, there is provided a perforating gun firing apparatus, the perforating gun firing apparatus comprising: the device comprises a salvage assembly, a pump barrel and a first communication part;

the first end of the pump cylinder is used for being in sealing connection with an annular blowout preventer of pressurized operation equipment, and the second end of the pump cylinder is in sealing arrangement;

the fishing assembly is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump barrel, the outer wall of the fishing assembly is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump barrel and can move along the axial direction of the pump barrel, the first end of the fishing assembly is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun, and the first end of the fishing assembly is one end facing the first end of the pump barrel;

the first communication part is arranged at the second end of the pump cylinder and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder, and a first gate is arranged on the first communication part.

Optionally, the fishing assembly includes: a fishing head and a piston body;

the piston body is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder, the outer wall of the piston body is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump cylinder, and the piston body can move along the axial direction of the pump cylinder;

the first end of piston body with the first end of salvage head is connected, the second end of salvage head is used for being connected with the nipple joint at perforating gun top.

Optionally, the fishing assembly further comprises: and a cap;

a first counter bore is formed in the first end of the piston body, a first boss ring is arranged at the first end of the salvaging head, and the first boss ring is located in the first counter bore;

the cap is sleeved on the salvaging head, the cap is fixedly connected with the hole wall of the first counter bore, and the first boss is limited in the first counter bore.

Optionally, the fishing assembly further comprises one or more sealing rings;

the outer wall of the piston body is provided with one or more groove rings, the one or more groove rings are in one-to-one correspondence with the one or more sealing rings, each sealing ring is located in the corresponding groove ring, and each sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the outer wall of the piston body and the inner wall of the pump cylinder.

Optionally, a limiting ring is arranged on the parallel cap, and the limiting ring is abutted to the first end of the piston body.

Optionally, the perforating gun lifting device further comprises: the catcher assembly further comprises a catching head;

the catcher assembly is fixed at the end part of the second end of the pump cylinder in a sealing way, the first end of the catcher head is fixedly connected with the second end of the piston body, and the second end of the catcher head can be limited on the catcher assembly.

Optionally, the catcher assembly comprises: a pump cylinder upper joint and a catching sleeve;

the pump cylinder upper joint is fixed at the end part of the second end of the pump cylinder, the catching sleeve is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder, the first end of the catching sleeve is fixedly connected with the pump cylinder upper joint, the second end of the catching sleeve is provided with a plurality of elastic clamping jaws, the second end of the catching head is provided with a clamping ring, and the clamping ring can be clamped between the plurality of elastic clamping jaws.

Optionally, the catcher assembly further comprises: an elastic element and a spring housing;

the first end of the spring sleeve is fixed on the pump barrel upper joint, and the elastic element is limited between the second end of the spring sleeve and the pump barrel upper joint along the axial direction;

the first end of the catching sleeve is limited in the inner cavity of the spring sleeve and is abutted against the elastic element, and the catching sleeve can move along the axial direction of the elastic element.

Optionally, the perforating gun lifting device further comprises: a second communication portion;

the second communication part is arranged on the side wall of the pump cylinder and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder, the distance between the second communication part and the first end of the pump cylinder is smaller than the distance between the first communication part and the first end of the pump cylinder, and a second gate is arranged on the second communication part.

Optionally, the perforating gun lifting device further comprises: a flange;

the flange is fixed at the first end of the pump barrel and is used for being in sealing connection with the annular blowout preventer.

In another aspect, there is provided a perforating gun tripping method for tripping a perforating gun based on the tripping device of the perforating gun according to the above aspect, which is characterized in that the method comprises:

when a lifting system included in the pressurized operation equipment lifts a pup joint connected with the top of the perforating gun out of the annular blowout preventer, the perforating gun is clamped by a built-in slip included in the pressurized operation equipment;

after the built-in slips clamp the perforating gun, the lifting system is disassembled, the first end of the salvaging assembly is connected with the short joint, and the first end of the pump barrel is connected with the annular blowout preventer in a sealing way;

injecting fluid into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through the first communication part;

closing the first gate and opening the built-in slip when the pressure of the inner cavity of the pump barrel is larger than a pressure threshold value;

opening the first gate after the built-in slips are opened;

when the salvage assembly drives the pup joint and the perforating gun to move to the inner cavity of the pump barrel, the fully-sealed flashboard of the pressurized operation equipment is closed, and a sealed space enclosed by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvage assembly is emptied;

after the venting is completed, the connection between the first end of the pump barrel and the annular blowout preventer is removed and the perforating gun is removed from the interior cavity of the pump barrel.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least can include:

in this embodiment of the application, because the first end of pump barrel is used for with the annular preventer sealing connection of pressurized operation equipment, and the first end of salvage assembly is used for being connected with the nipple joint at perforating gun top, consequently, along with the outflow of fluid in the first communication portion, when salvage assembly is close to the pressure of first communication portion one side and is less than salvage assembly and keep away from the pressure of first communication portion one side, that is, when salvage assembly is close to the pressure of the second end one side of pump barrel and is less than when keeping away from the pressure of the second end one side of pump barrel, salvage assembly will be moved towards the second end of pump barrel under the effect of pressure differential, and then drive the perforating gun and move towards the second end of pump barrel. When the top of the perforating gun exits the annular blowout preventer, i.e., when the top of the perforating gun enters the interior cavity of the pump barrel, fluid in the interior cavity of the perforating gun is ejected into the interior cavity of the pump barrel. Thus, the situation that the fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun is directly sprayed to the environment from the top of the perforating gun can be avoided, and the situation of environmental pollution can be avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a perforating gun tripping device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fishing assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a catcher assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of perforating gun firing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1: fishing the assembly; 2: a pump cylinder; 3: a first communication section; 4: a catcher assembly; 5: a second communication portion; 6: a flange; 7: a pressure detector;

11: a fishing head; 12: a piston body; 13: and a cap; 14: a seal ring;

31: a first gate;

41: an upper joint of the pump cylinder; 42: a catching sleeve; 43: an elastic element; 44: a spring sleeve;

51: a second gate;

111: a first boss ring;

121: a first counterbore; 122: a groove ring;

131: a limiting ring;

151: a clasp;

421: and an elastic claw.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a perforating gun tripping device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the perforating gun firing apparatus may include: a fishing assembly 1, a pump cylinder 2 and a first communication part 3. The first end of the pump cylinder 2 is used for being connected with an annular blowout preventer of pressurized working equipment in a sealing way, and the second end of the pump cylinder 2 is arranged in a sealing way. The fishing assembly 1 is located in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2, the outer wall of the fishing assembly 1 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump barrel 2, and can move along the axial direction of the pump barrel, the first end of the fishing assembly 1 is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun, and the first end of the fishing assembly 1 is one end facing the first end of the pump barrel 2. The first communicating portion 3 is disposed at the second end of the pump cylinder 2 and communicates with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2, and the first communicating portion 3 is provided with a first gate 31.

In this embodiment of the application, because the first end of the pump barrel 2 is used for being connected with the annular blowout preventer of the pressurized operation device in a sealing manner, and the first end of the fishing assembly 1 is used for being connected with the nipple at the top of the perforating gun, therefore, along with the outflow of the fluid in the first communication part 3, when the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side close to the first communication part 3 is smaller than the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side far away from the first communication part 3, that is, when the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side close to the second end of the pump barrel 2 is smaller than the pressure on the side far away from the second end of the pump barrel 2, the fishing assembly 1 moves towards the second end of the pump barrel 2 under the action of the pressure difference, and then the perforating gun is driven to move towards the second end of the pump barrel 2. When the top of the perforating gun exits the annular blowout preventer, i.e., when the top of the perforating gun enters the interior cavity of the pump barrel 2, fluid in the interior cavity of the perforating gun is ejected into the interior cavity of the pump barrel 2. Thus, the situation that the fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun is directly sprayed to the environment from the top of the perforating gun can be avoided, and the situation of environmental pollution can be avoided.

The fluid may be petroleum or other fluid substances, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Next, a process of extracting the perforating gun from the oil well will be explained in detail, taking the extracting of the perforating gun from the oil well as an example.

Firstly, the perforating gun can be lifted by a lifting system of the pressurized working equipment, and after the short section at the top of the perforating gun is ejected out of the annular blowout preventer, the continuous lifting of the perforating gun by the lifting system is stopped, and at the moment, the annular blowout preventer seals the perforating gun in the inner cavity of the pressurized working equipment. The perforating gun may then be clamped by the built-in slips of the pressurized work equipment, after which the lifting system may be removed. After the lifting system has been removed, fluid can be injected into the interior of the pump cylinder 2 via the first connection 3, and the first gate 31 is closed when the pressure in the interior of the pump cylinder 2 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the interior of the pressurized working device. At this time, the built-in slips are opened while slowly opening the first gate 31. After the first gate 31 is opened, the oil in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 tends to slowly flow out of the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 through the first communication part 3, so that the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 is gradually reduced, after the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 is smaller than the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressurized operation equipment, under the action of the pressure difference, the oil in the inner cavity of the pressurized operation equipment pushes the salvage assembly 1 to move towards the second end of the pump barrel 2, so as to drive the perforating gun to move towards the second end of the pump barrel 2, and after the perforating gun reaches the second end of the pump barrel 2, the fully-closed gate plate of the pressurized operation equipment can be closed, so as to separate the inner cavity of the pressurized operation equipment from an oil well. After the inner cavity of the pressurized operation equipment is separated from the oil well, the petroleum in the airtight space surrounded by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvaging assembly can be emptied, the first end of the pump cylinder 2 is detached from the annular blowout preventer, and the perforating gun is taken out from the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2, so that the aim of starting the exit hole gun is fulfilled.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned perforating gun extracting device may further include a pressure detector 7, where the pressure detector 7 may be fixed on the pump barrel 2 and is in communication with the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2, so that the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 may be detected in real time by the pressure detector 7, and when the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 is detected to be greater than or equal to the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressurized working device, the first gate 31 is closed, and the subsequent operations are performed.

In other embodiments, the perforating gun lifting device may not include a pressure detector, but may detect the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 in real time through the pressure detector of the oiling device during the process of injecting oil into the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 through the first communicating part 3, and close the first gate 31 and perform subsequent operations when detecting that the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressurized working device.

The above two ways are just two possible ways of detecting the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 in the embodiments of the present application, and of course, the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 may also be detected by other ways, which are not listed here.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the fishing assembly 1 may include: a fishing head 11 and a piston body 12. The piston body 12 is located in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2, and the outer wall of the piston body 12 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump cylinder 2, and the piston body 12 can move in the axial direction of the pump cylinder 2. The first end of the piston body 12 is connected with the first end of the fishing head 11, and the second end of the fishing head 11 is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun.

When the fishing assembly 1 comprises the fishing head 11 and the piston body 12, since the outer wall of the piston body 12 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump cylinder 2, when a pressure difference occurs at both ends of the piston body 12, the piston body 12 will move in the axial direction of the pump cylinder 2 under the action of the pressure difference. Since the first end of the piston body 12 is connected with the first end of the fishing head 11, and the second end of the fishing head 11 is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun, when the piston body 12 moves along the axial direction of the pump barrel 2, the perforating gun can be driven by the fishing head 11 to move along the axial direction of the pump barrel 2. Based on this, assuming that the first shutter 31 is opened and the fluid in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2 is slowly discharged such that the pressure of the side of the piston body 12 near the second end of the pump cylinder 2 is smaller than the pressure of the side far from the second end of the pump cylinder 2, the piston body 12 will move toward the second end of the pump cylinder 2 in the axial direction of the pump cylinder 2, thereby driving the perforating gun to move toward the second end of the pump cylinder 2 in the axial direction of the pump cylinder 2, and when the piston body 12 reaches the second end of the pump cylinder 2, the perforating gun can be started.

The second end of the fishing head 11 may be connected to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun by a screwing manner, or may be connected to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun by other manners, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that, when the second end of the fishing head 11 is connected to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun in a screwing manner, the second end of the fishing head 11 may be screwed to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun by rotating the fishing head 11 relative to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun, or the second end of the fishing head 11 may be screwed to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun by rotating the fishing head 11 and the piston body 12 together relative to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the fishing assembly 1 may further comprise: and a cap 13. The first end of the piston body 12 is provided with a first counterbore 121 and the first end of the fishing head 11 is provided with a first boss ring 111, the first boss ring 111 being located in the first counterbore 121. The cap 13 is sleeved on the fishing head 11, the cap 13 is fixedly connected with the hole wall of the first counter bore 121, and the first boss ring 111 is limited in the first counter bore 121. Thus, since the first boss ring 111 is retained in the first counterbore 121, the first end of the fishing head 11 may be connected to the first end of the fishing head 11 by the union cap 13.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the second end of the fishing head 11 is connected to the nipple of the perforating gun top by rotating the fishing head 11 relative to the nipple of the perforating gun top, in one possible implementation, the distance between the first end of the cap 13 and the bottom of the hole of the first counterbore 121 may be greater than the thickness of the first boss ring 111 in the axial direction, and the diameter of the first counterbore 121 may be greater than the diameter of the first boss ring 111. Thus, the first end of the fishing head 11 can rotate in the first counter bore 121, and the second end of the fishing head 11 can be conveniently connected to the nipple at the top of the perforating gun by rotating the fishing head 11. Wherein the first end of the union cap 13 refers to the end near the bottom of the bore of the first counterbore 121.

It should be noted that, the cap 13 may be connected to the hole wall of the first counterbore 121 by a threaded connection, and of course, the cap 13 may also be connected to the hole wall of the first counterbore 121 by other manners, such as glue bonding, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the fishing assembly 1 may also include one or more sealing rings 14. The outer wall of the piston body 12 is provided with one or more groove rings 122, the one or more groove rings 122 are in one-to-one correspondence with one or more sealing rings 14, each sealing ring 14 is located in the corresponding groove ring 122, and each sealing ring 14 is used for sealing a gap between the outer wall of the piston body 12 and the inner wall of the pump cylinder 2. In this way, sealing contact between the outer wall of the fishing assembly 1 and the inner wall of the pump cylinder 2 can be achieved through the sealing ring 14.

It should be noted that the number of the groove rings 122 may be 2, or may be other numbers, and correspondingly, the number of the sealing rings 14 may be 2, or may be other numbers, and only the number of the groove rings 122 is the same as the number of the sealing rings 14, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. In addition, the material of the sealing ring 14 may be rubber, and of course, the sealing ring 14 may be other materials, and the material of the sealing ring 14 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In order to allow the cap 13 to be mounted on the same position of the wall of the first counterbore 121 each time when the cap 13 is coupled to the wall of the first counterbore 121, that is, to ensure the repeated mounting accuracy of the cap 13, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the cap 13 may be provided with a retainer ring 131, the retainer ring 131 abutting against the first end of the piston body 12. Thus, when the cap 13 is mounted on the wall of the first counterbore 121, the cap 13 can be mounted on the same position of the wall of the first counterbore 121 each time by only ensuring that the stop collar 131 abuts against the first end of the piston body 12.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the perforating gun firing apparatus may further comprise: the trap assembly 4, the fishing assembly 1 may also include a trap head 15. The catcher assembly 4 is sealingly fastened to the end of the second end of the pump cylinder 2, the first end of the catcher head 15 being fixedly connected to the second end of the piston body 12, the second end of the catcher head 15 being able to be restrained on the catcher assembly 4. Thus, when the fishing assembly 1 is moved towards the second end of the pump barrel 2, and reaches the second end of the pump barrel 2, the second end of the catch head 15 will be retained on the catch assembly 4. When the second end of the catch head 15 is to be retained on the catch assembly 4, movement of the fishing assembly 1 towards the first end of the pump barrel 2 is avoided.

The catcher assembly 4 may be fixed at the end of the second end of the pump barrel 2 in a threaded connection manner, or may be fixed at the end of the second end of the pump barrel 2 in other manners, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. In addition, the first end of the catch head 15 may be fixedly connected to the second end of the piston body 12 by a threaded connection, or may, of course, be fixedly connected to the second end of the piston body 12 by other means, such as by welding or by fastening, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the catcher assembly 4 may include: a pump barrel upper joint 41 and a catch sleeve 42. The end at the second end of pump cylinder 2 is fixed to the upper pump cylinder joint 41, catches the cover 42 and is located the inner chamber of pump cylinder 2, catches the first end and the upper pump cylinder joint 41 fixed connection of cover 42, catches the second end of cover 42 and is provided with a plurality of elasticity jack catch 521, catches the second end of head 15 and is provided with snap ring 151, and snap ring 151 can press from both sides tightly between a plurality of elasticity jack catch 521. In this way, the second end of the catch head 15 is retained on the catcher assembly 4 by the snap ring 151 being clamped between the plurality of resilient jaws 521.

The pump cylinder upper connector 41 may be fixed at the second end of the pump cylinder 2 by a threaded connection manner, or may be fixed at the second end of the pump cylinder 2 by other manners, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. In addition, the first end of the capturing sleeve 42 may be fixedly connected to the pump barrel upper connector 41 by a threaded connection manner, or may be fixedly connected to the pump barrel upper connector 41 by other manners, such as by welding, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the application.

When the fishing assembly 1 moves toward the second end of the pump cylinder 2 until the snap ring 151 collides with the plurality of elastic claws 521 and the clamping of the snap ring 151 in the plurality of elastic claws 521 is achieved, in order to avoid economic loss caused by the collision of the snap ring 151 with the plurality of elastic claws 521, the snap ring 151 or any one of the plurality of elastic claws 521 is crashed. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the catcher assembly 4 further comprises: an elastic element 43 and a spring housing 44. The first end of the spring housing 44 is fixed to the pump barrel upper connector 41, and the elastic element 43 is axially restrained between the second end of the spring housing 44 and the pump barrel upper connector 41. The first end of the catching sleeve 42 is limited in the inner cavity of the spring sleeve 44 and abuts against the elastic element 43, and the catching sleeve 42 can move along the axial direction of the elastic element 43. In this way, when the snap ring 151 collides with the plurality of elastic claws 521, the catching sleeve 42 will move along the axial direction of the elastic element 43, the elastic element 43 will be compressed, and the buffering effect will be achieved, so that the occurrence of the situation that the snap ring 151 or any elastic claw 521 of the plurality of elastic claws 521 is broken can be avoided.

The first end of the spring sleeve 54 may be fixed to the pump barrel upper connector 41 by a threaded connection, or may be fixed to the pump barrel upper connector 41 by other manners, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. The elastic element 43 may be a spring or other elastic components, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the perforating gun firing apparatus may further comprise: a second communication portion 5. The second communication part 5 is arranged on the side wall of the pump cylinder 2 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2, the distance between the second communication part 5 and the first end of the pump cylinder 2 is smaller than the distance between the first communication part 3 and the first end of the pump cylinder 2, and the second gate 51 is arranged on the second communication part 5.

When the perforating gun is lifted by the lifting device of the perforating gun, the first gate 31 and the second gate 51 are firstly ensured to be in an open state, then fluid can be injected into the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 through the second communicating part 5, and as an example of oil injection, oil can be injected into the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 through the second communicating part 5, since the distance between the second communicating part 5 and the first end of the pump barrel 2 is smaller than the distance between the first communicating part 3 and the first end of the pump barrel 2, in other words, when the pump barrel 2 is vertically placed, the second communicating part 5 is positioned at the lower part of the first communicating part 3, so that when oil is injected into the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 through the second communicating part 5, the liquid level of the oil in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 can slowly rise until the first communicating part 3 has oil to flow out, and at this time, the inner cavity of the pump barrel 2 can be considered to be filled with oil. After the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2 is filled with oil, the second shutter 51 may be closed, and oil may be injected into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2 through the first communication portion 3 until the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder 2 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressurized working apparatus, to which the first shutter 31 is closed. The subsequent operations are similar to those when the perforating gun discharge device does not include the second communicating portion 5, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the perforating gun firing apparatus may further comprise: and a flange 6. A flange 6 is fixed to a first end of the pump barrel 2, the flange 6 being adapted for sealing connection with an annular blowout preventer. In this way, a sealing connection of the first end of the pump barrel 2 to the annular blowout preventer may be more conveniently achieved.

In one possible embodiment, the flange 6 can be fastened to the first end of the pump cylinder 2 by means of a screw connection. In another possible implementation, the flange 6 may also be integrally formed with the first end of the pump cylinder 2, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment of the application, because the first end of the pump barrel 2 is used for being connected with the annular blowout preventer of the pressurized operation device in a sealing manner, and the first end of the fishing assembly 1 is used for being connected with the nipple at the top of the perforating gun, therefore, along with the outflow of the fluid in the first communication part 3, when the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side close to the first communication part 3 is smaller than the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side far away from the first communication part 3, that is, when the pressure of the fishing assembly 1 on the side close to the second end of the pump barrel 2 is smaller than the pressure on the side far away from the second end of the pump barrel 2, the fishing assembly 1 moves towards the second end of the pump barrel 2 under the action of the pressure difference, and then the perforating gun is driven to move towards the second end of the pump barrel 2. When the top of the perforating gun exits the annular blowout preventer, i.e., when the top of the perforating gun enters the interior cavity of the pump barrel 2, fluid in the interior cavity of the perforating gun is ejected into the interior cavity of the pump barrel 2. Thus, the situation that the fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun is directly sprayed to the environment from the top of the perforating gun can be avoided, and the situation of environmental pollution can be avoided.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of perforating gun firing provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 4, the method may include:

step 401: when the lifting system included in the pressurized operation equipment lifts the pup joint connected with the top of the perforating gun out of the annular blowout preventer, the perforating gun is clamped by the built-in slips included in the pressurized operation equipment.

The built-in slips are used for clamping the perforating gun, and the perforating gun can be prevented from being ejected from the inner cavity of the operation equipment under the action of pressure in the inner cavity of the operation equipment under pressure, so that safety accidents are caused.

Step 402: after the built-in slips clamp the perforating gun, the lifting system is disassembled, the first end of the fishing assembly is connected with the short joint, and the first end of the pump barrel is in sealing connection with the annular blowout preventer.

After the perforating gun is clamped by the built-in slips, the perforating gun needs to be started up through a perforating gun lifting device, namely, the perforating gun does not need to be started up through a lifting system of the pressurized operation equipment any more, and therefore, in order to avoid the lifting system of the pressurized operation equipment from affecting the perforating gun lifting device, the lifting system can be removed. In this way, the perforating gun is conveniently lifted by the lifting device of the perforating gun.

The first end of the fishing assembly can be connected with the short joint in a screwing mode, and can be connected with the short joint in other modes. In addition, the first end of the pump barrel may be sealingly connected to the annular blowout preventer by a screw, or may be sealingly connected to the annular blowout preventer by other means, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

Step 403: fluid is injected into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through the first communication part.

The fluid may be injected into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through a special device, for example, the fluid may be injected into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through a liquid injection pump, or of course, the fluid may be injected into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through other modes, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Step 404: and closing the first gate when the pressure of the inner cavity of the pump barrel is larger than a pressure threshold value, and opening the built-in slips.

The pressure threshold value refers to a value capable of preventing the perforating gun from being ejected out of the inner cavity of the pressurized working equipment by the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressurized working equipment. More generally, when the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel is larger than the pressure threshold value, the pressure in the inner cavity of the operation equipment with pressure and the pressure in the inner cavity of the pump barrel can be basically balanced, so that the perforating gun can be prevented from being ejected out of the inner cavity of the operation equipment with pressure. In the event that the perforating gun is prevented from being ejected out of the cavity of the pressurized working device, the first gate may be closed, stopping the injection of fluid into the cavity of the pump barrel, and simultaneously opening the internal slips.

Step 405: after the internal slips are opened, the first gate is opened.

After the internal slips are opened, the first gate may be opened, and after the first gate is opened, fluid may flow out of the first gate, thereby causing the pressure in the interior cavity of the pump barrel to be less than the pressure in the interior cavity of the pressurized working device, such that the fishing assembly moves toward the second end of the pump barrel.

Step 406: when the salvage assembly drives the pup joint and the perforating gun to move to the inner cavity of the pump barrel, the fully-sealed flashboard of the pressurized operation equipment is closed, and the airtight space enclosed by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvage assembly is emptied.

When the fishing assembly drives the pup joint and the perforating gun to move to the inner cavity of the pump barrel and the bottom of the perforating gun passes over the totally-enclosed flashboard, the totally-enclosed flashboard of the pressurized operation equipment can be closed, so that a closed space enclosed by the totally-enclosed flashboard and the fishing assembly and a closed space enclosed by the totally-enclosed flashboard and the oil and gas well can be separated. More commonly, the oil gas in the oil gas well can be prevented from entering the airtight space surrounded by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvaging assembly, and the perforating gun is located in a space where the oil gas does not enter any more. Then, the airtight space enclosed by the totally-enclosed flashboard and the salvaging assembly can be emptied.

Step 407: after the venting is complete, the connection between the first end of the pump barrel and the annular blowout preventer is removed and the perforating gun is removed from the interior cavity of the pump barrel.

After the emptying is completed, namely, after no oil gas exists in the closed space surrounded by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvaging assembly, at the moment, the first end of the pump barrel can be detached from the annular blowout preventer, and the perforating gun can be taken out from the inner cavity of the pump barrel. Thus, the perforating gun is started up.

In this embodiment of the application, when the fishing assembly moves towards the second end of the pump barrel, and drives the top of the perforating gun to push out of the annular blowout preventer, that is, when the top of the perforating gun enters the inner cavity of the pump barrel, fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun is sprayed into the inner cavity of the pump barrel. Thus, the situation that the fluid in the inner cavity of the perforating gun is directly sprayed to the environment from the top of the perforating gun can be avoided, and the situation of environmental pollution can be avoided.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, since it is intended that all modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A perforating gun firing apparatus, the perforating gun firing apparatus comprising: the device comprises a salvage assembly (1), a pump cylinder (2) and a first communication part (3);

the first end of the pump cylinder (2) is used for being in sealing connection with an annular blowout preventer of pressurized operation equipment, and the second end of the pump cylinder (2) is in sealing arrangement;

the fishing assembly (1) is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump barrel (2), the outer wall of the fishing assembly (1) is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump barrel (2) and can move along the axial direction of the pump barrel, the first end of the fishing assembly (1) is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun, and the first end of the fishing assembly (1) is one end facing the first end of the pump barrel;

the first communication part (3) is arranged at the second end of the pump cylinder (2) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder (2), and a first gate (31) is arranged on the first communication part (3);

wherein, salvage assembly (1) includes: a fishing head (11) and a piston body (12);

the piston body (12) is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder (2), the outer wall of the piston body (12) is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the pump cylinder (2), and the piston body (12) can move along the axial direction of the pump cylinder (2);

the first end of the piston body (12) is connected with the first end of the salvaging head (11), and the second end of the salvaging head (11) is used for being connected with a nipple at the top of the perforating gun;

the perforating gun firing apparatus further comprises: a catcher assembly (4), the fishing assembly (1) further comprising a catch head (15);

the catcher assembly (4) is fixed at the end part of the second end of the pump cylinder (2) in a sealing way, the first end of the catcher head (15) is fixedly connected with the second end of the piston body (12), and the second end of the catcher head (15) can be limited on the catcher assembly (4);

the catcher assembly (4) comprises: a pump barrel upper joint (41) and a catching sleeve (42);

the pump cylinder upper joint (41) is fixed at the end part of the second end of the pump cylinder (2), the catching sleeve (42) is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump cylinder (2), the first end of the catching sleeve is fixedly connected with the pump cylinder upper joint (41), a plurality of elastic clamping claws (421) are arranged at the second end of the catching sleeve (42), a clamping ring (151) is arranged at the second end of the catching head (15), and the clamping ring (151) can be clamped between the plurality of elastic clamping claws (421).

2. A perforating gun as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fishing assembly (1) further comprises: and a cap (13);

a first counter bore (121) is formed in the first end of the piston body (12), a first boss ring (111) is arranged at the first end of the fishing head (11), and the first boss ring (111) is located in the first counter bore (121);

the combined cap (13) is sleeved on the salvaging head (11), is fixedly connected with the hole wall of the first counter bore (121), and limits the first boss ring (111) in the first counter bore (121).

3. A perforating gun carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fishing assembly (1) further comprises one or more sealing rings (14);

the outer wall of the piston body (12) is provided with one or more groove rings (122), the one or more groove rings (122) are in one-to-one correspondence with the one or more sealing rings (14), each sealing ring (14) is located in the corresponding groove ring (122), and each sealing ring (14) is used for sealing a gap between the outer wall of the piston body (12) and the inner wall of the pump cylinder (2).

4. A perforating gun lifting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a stop collar (131) is provided on the cap (13), the stop collar (131) abutting against the first end of the piston body (12).

5. A perforating gun as claimed in claim 1, wherein said catcher assembly (4) further comprises: an elastic element (43) and a spring housing (44);

the first end of the spring sleeve (44) is fixed on the pump barrel upper joint (41), and the elastic element (43) is limited between the second end of the spring sleeve (44) and the pump barrel upper joint (41) along the axial direction;

the first end of the catching sleeve (42) is limited in the inner cavity of the spring sleeve (44) and is abutted against the elastic element, and the catching sleeve (42) can move along the axial direction of the elastic element (43).

6. The perforating gun firing apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein the perforating gun firing apparatus further comprises: a second communication section (5);

the second communicating part (5) is arranged on the side wall of the pump cylinder (2) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump cylinder (2), the distance between the second communicating part (5) and the first end of the pump cylinder (2) is smaller than the distance between the first communicating part (3) and the first end of the pump cylinder (2), and the second communicating part (5) is provided with a second gate (51).

7. A method of perforating gun firing based on the firing apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, the method comprising:

when a lifting system included in the pressurized operation equipment lifts a pup joint connected with the top of the perforating gun out of the annular blowout preventer, the perforating gun is clamped by a built-in slip included in the pressurized operation equipment;

after the built-in slips clamp the perforating gun, the lifting system is disassembled, the first end of the salvaging assembly is connected with the short joint, and the first end of the pump barrel is connected with the annular blowout preventer in a sealing way;

injecting fluid into the inner cavity of the pump cylinder through the first communication part;

closing the first gate and opening the built-in slip when the pressure of the inner cavity of the pump barrel is larger than a pressure threshold value;

opening the first gate after the built-in slips are opened;

when the salvage assembly drives the pup joint and the perforating gun to move to the inner cavity of the pump barrel, the fully-sealed flashboard of the pressurized operation equipment is closed, and a sealed space enclosed by the fully-sealed flashboard and the salvage assembly is emptied;

after the venting is completed, the connection between the first end of the pump barrel and the annular blowout preventer is removed and the perforating gun is removed from the interior cavity of the pump barrel.

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