CN115059444B - Methane in-situ blasting device, multistage fracturing system and fracturing method thereof - Google Patents
Methane in-situ blasting device, multistage fracturing system and fracturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059444B CN115059444B CN202210800768.1A CN202210800768A CN115059444B CN 115059444 B CN115059444 B CN 115059444B CN 202210800768 A CN202210800768 A CN 202210800768A CN 115059444 B CN115059444 B CN 115059444B
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a methane in-situ blasting device, a multistage fracturing system and a fracturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of horizontal well and/or shale reservoir exploitation. The multistage fracturing system comprises an ith blasting unit which is connected in series through an oil pipe and sequentially arranged along the direction from the bottom of the well to the top of the well, wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, an adjustable preset interval is reserved between two mutually adjacent blasting units, and the ith blasting unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected along the direction from the top of the well to the bottom of the well through the oil pipe. The invention can gradually increase to sequentially traverse P by controlling the fracturing fluid pressure on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize the step-by-step in-situ blasting fracturing operation of the 1 st to the nth blasting units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal well and/or shale reservoir exploitation, in particular to a methane in-situ blasting device, a multistage fracturing system and a fracturing method thereof.
Background
The development of unconventional energy sources (shale gas, coalbed methane, natural gas hydrates, etc.) has become one of the important means to cope with the increasing energy demands. Conventional hydraulic fracturing works poorly when applied to such low permeability, low porosity, high earth stress reservoirs. In recent years, scholars propose a shale reservoir methane in-situ blasting fracturing technology, and the reservoir and methane gas in a shaft are detonated by delivering a combustion improver to the bottom of the shaft, so that the reservoir is fractured by high instantaneous blasting pressure, and the reservoir can be effectively reformed for compact, low-permeability and other complex oil and gas reservoirs. How to safely convey the combustion improver to the stratum to be detonated and successfully detonate is a key of the technology, but related researches at present mainly inject the combustion improver into the bottom of a well through a continuous oil pipe on the ground, so that the construction safety is difficult to ensure, and the consumption and the throwing position of the combustion improver cannot be accurately calibrated. Therefore, a device and a method for safely, quantitatively and fixed-point delivering the shale reservoir methane in-situ blasting fracturing combustion improver are needed in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, the first aspect of the invention provides a horizontal well methane in-situ combustion multistage fracturing system, which comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve tubes; the device also comprises an ith explosion unit which is connected in series through the oil pipes and is sequentially arranged along the direction from the bottom of the well to the top of the well. Wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, and an adjustable predetermined interval is provided between two explosion units adjacent to each other.
The ith blasting unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe according to the direction from a wellhead to a bottom of a well. The ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can seal and isolate the ith explosion unit before the explosion of the ith explosion unit, and can unseal after the explosion of the ith explosion unit; the ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the ith air bomb body is provided with a cavity which is formed by materials capable of burning along with burning explosion and used for storing combustion improver; the ith (i)The release nipple is provided with a release nipple capable of bearing P i Pin structure for conducting the cavity and annulus of the ith bomb body under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P with the increase of i i Increasing.
The invention provides a methane in-situ blasting fracturing device, which comprises an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected in the direction from a wellhead to a bottom of a well, wherein the upper packer and the lower packer can seal a space between the upper packer and the lower packer before blasting and can realize deblocking after blasting; the detonation stub can be configured to be located at a dominant force level of the target layer and includes a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the gas bomb main body is provided with a cavity which is formed by materials capable of burning along with burning explosion and used for storing combustion improver; the relief nipple has a pin structure capable of conducting the cavity of the cartridge body to the annulus under a predetermined pressure of the fracturing fluid.
The third aspect of the invention provides a horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing method, which adopts the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system and controls the pressure of fracturing fluid to gradually increase to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize gradual blasting of the 1 st to nth blasting units.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least one of the following contents is included:
1. compared with the prior art, the horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system designed by the invention can gradually increase to sequentially traverse P by controlling the fracturing fluid pressure on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize gradual blasting of the 1 st to nth blasting units.
2. The fracturing device designed by the invention comprises structures such as a packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and the like, and the structures are utilized to enable the combustion improver to go into the well and be released to a target layer through an oil pipe, so that the safety problem possibly existing in long-distance underground combustion improver conveying in the conventional methane in-situ combustion explosion technology is avoided, and the device is simple in structure and high in safety.
3. The gas bomb main body is arranged below the target layer, so that a space is reserved for mixing the methane gas and the combustion improver for stratum analysis, and the uniformity of mixing is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the operation of the horizontal well methane in situ combustion multistage fracturing method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a horizontal well methane in situ combustion multistage fracturing method;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosion unit of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the squib within the zone of interest of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the oxidizer gas cartridge release nipple of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the body of the cartridge of fig. 3.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-methane concentration detector and transmission device; 2-triggering an ignition device; 3-connecting a female buckle and 4-pressing a piston; 5-piston motion channels; 6-an internally hollow pressurizing rod; 7-a valve rod; 8-combustion improver release holes; 9-valve body piston; 10-connecting male buckles; 11-a limit groove; 12-a safety pin; 13-connecting a female buckle; 14-upper one-way valve; 15-compressing the combustion improver storage cavity; 16-lower one-way valve; 17-connecting male buckle.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion multistage fracturing system comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve tubes, and further comprises a plurality of ith combustion explosion units which are connected in series through the oil pipe and are sequentially arranged along the direction from the bottom of the well to the top of the well. For example, the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, n th explosion unit. Wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, and an adjustable predetermined interval is provided between two explosion units adjacent to each other. Here, the lengths of the predetermined intervals between the different two adjacent blasting units may be different, and for example, the lengths of the predetermined intervals may be correspondingly determined according to the distances between the main force layers of the different two adjacent fracturing target layers displayed in the reservoir data. In addition, when the number of the upper sieve tubes is more than two, each upper sieve tube can be respectively arranged above the upper packer of different blasting units, so that grading operation after blasting fracturing is finished on the corresponding blasting units is facilitated.
The ith blasting unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe according to the direction from a wellhead to a bottom of a well. For example, each blasting unit contains an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb body, and a lower packer that are sequentially nested on the tubing. For another example, except the 1 st explosion unit closest to the bottom of the well, other explosion units comprise an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sleeved on an oil pipe in sequence.
Specifically, the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can realize the sealing and isolation of the ith blasting unit before the blasting of the ith blasting unit, namely, a sealing and isolating interval is formed at the position of an annulus which is positioned between the upper packer and the lower packer and is surrounded by a shaft and an oil pipe, and the sealing and isolating interval is communicated with a corresponding main force layer and methane gas in the corresponding main force layer through perforation; and the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can realize deblocking after the ith blasting unit is blasted. For example, the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer each comprise a base body formed by a first material, one or more than two pore channels arranged in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible piece formed by a second material, wherein the pressure-bearing combustible piece is used for fixedly filling the one or more than two pore channels, the second material can be thoroughly burnt in the combustion and explosion process, and the combustion speed of the second material is higher than that of the first material. For example, the second material may be a magnesium alloy and/or an aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
The ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism can detect the concentration of methane or the mixed concentration of methane and combustion improver, and can perform ignition detonation operation when judging that the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism may include a gas concentration detector, and a trigger detonator initiated by the gas concentration detector. Further, the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism may be provided separately or may be provided in combination or integrally formed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The ith air bomb body is provided with a cavity which is formed by materials capable of burning along with burning explosion and used for storing combustion improver. For example, the air bomb main body material can be made of magnesium-aluminum alloy material. In addition, in the 1 st explosion unit, the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb main body and the 1 st lower packer can be connected with each other in sequence, and the upper end of the 1 st release nipple is connected with the tail end of the oil pipe; the 2 nd to nth gas bullet main bodies respectively comprise a middle through hole which can be sleeved on the oil pipe, and meanwhile, the 2 nd to nth release short sections are provided with structures which can be sleeved on the oil pipe. For example, the middle through hole can be of a cylindrical structure, a long column shape and the like, the inside of the air bomb main body is hollow, and a structure similar to a switch is matched with the release nipple. Alternatively, the 1 st to nth cartridge bodies each include a through hole that can be fitted over the oil pipe, and the 1 st to nth release nipples have a structure that can be fitted over the oil pipe.
The ith release nipple is provided with a release nipple capable of bearing P i Pin structure for conducting the cavity and annulus of the ith bomb body under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P with the increase of i i Increasing. That is, the pin structure is subjected toLess than P i Is unchanged under the condition of the fracturing fluid pressure; at bearing equal to or greater than P i In the case of a fracturing fluid pressure, fracture itself to conduct the cavity of the ith cartridge body to the annulus. For example, the pin structure of the ith release nipple may comprise a pin-fixed piston structure, and the piston structure is capable of releasing the combustion improver in the cavity after the pin breaks. Here, the combustion improver may be a substance such as oxygen that can be mixed with methane and exploded.
For example, the ith release nipple has a configuration capable of withstanding a load greater than or equal to P i A pin structure for conducting the cavity of the ith bomb body with the annulus under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure; similarly, the (i+1) th release nipple has a structure capable of bearing P or more i+1 A pin structure for conducting the cavity of the (i+1) th gas bomb body with the annulus under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure; and P is i+1 Greater than P i . Here, i traverses 1 to n-1, n may be 2, 3, or 4 or more.
Example 2
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a methane in situ combustion fracturing device comprises an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb body, and a lower packer connected in sequence in a downhole direction from a wellhead.
The upper packer and the lower packer can seal the space between the upper packer and the lower packer before explosion and can realize deblocking after explosion. That is, the upper and lower packers are capable of forming a packing zone at a location of an annulus between each other and surrounded by the wellbore and tubing, the packing zone being in communication with the main force layer and methane gas therein via perforations. For example, the upper packer may include a base body formed of a first material, one or more ports provided in the base body, and a pressure-bearing combustible member formed of a second material for fixedly filling in the one or more ports, the second material being capable of being completely burned off during a blasting process, and the second material having a burning rate greater than that of the first material; the lower packer is made of a material which can bear pressure and can be completely burnt in the explosion process. For example, the second material may be magnesium alloy and/or aluminum alloy; the lower packer may also be of a material of magnesium alloy and/or aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
The detonation stub can be configured to be located at a dominant force level of the target layer and includes a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism can detect the concentration of methane or the mixed concentration of methane and combustion improver, and can perform ignition detonation operation when judging that the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration. Further, the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism may include a gas concentration detector, and a trigger detonator initiated by the gas concentration detector. Further, the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism may be provided separately or may be provided in combination or integrally formed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The gas bomb main body is provided with a cavity which is formed by materials capable of burning along with burning explosion and used for storing combustion improver. For example, the air bomb main body material can be made of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy or magnesium aluminum alloy. The release nipple has a pin structure capable of conducting the cavity of the cartridge body with the annulus when subjected to a pressure equal to or greater than a predetermined fracturing fluid pressure. That is, the pin structure does not change when subjected to a fracturing fluid pressure less than Pi; in the event of being subjected to a fracturing fluid pressure equal to or greater than Pi, it breaks itself to communicate the cavity of the ith cartridge body with the annulus.
A schematic diagram of one example of the use of the methane in situ combustion fracturing apparatus of this embodiment may be as shown in fig. 1.
First, the loading of the bomb body is performed. For example, the oxidizer may be filled into the cartridge body in the ground or in a factory.
And then connecting an oil pipe, an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer according to the structure of the methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and the positions of the target layer and the main force layer of the target layer.
And then, arranging a target layer below the oil pipe by the methane in-situ combustion explosion fracturing device, and enabling the detonation short energy to be positioned at the main force layer of the target layer.
And then, the upper packer and the lower packer are set to form a packing interval.
Next, the wellhead pressure is set by pumping high-density well killing liquid through a wellhead pump truck, so that the wellhead pressure is gradually increased to be equal to or greater than the preset fracturing hydraulic pressure, the gas bomb main body is opened, and the combustion improver is released into the packing interval, so that the mixed gas of the combustion improver and methane gas is formed.
And then igniting and blasting to finish the fracturing operation. Specifically, the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism is used for detecting the concentration of methane or detecting the mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver, and when the detected concentration meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, the ignition detonation operation is triggered, so that the burning and explosion operation is realized.
Example 3
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a horizontal well methane in situ combustion multistage fracturing method may have an operational flow diagram as shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the method adopts a horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system, and controls the fracturing fluid pressure to gradually increase to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize gradual blasting of the 1 st to nth blasting units. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation: and determining the positions of n target layers to be fractured and the main force layers thereof according to geological exploration parameters and logging data, filling each gas bomb main body on the ground, and connecting an upper packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, the gas bomb main body and a lower packer according to the design. And the distance between the main force layers of adjacent target layers is used as the corresponding adjustable preset interval to assemble and form the horizontal well methane in-situ combustion multistage fracturing system. Here, the length of the predetermined interval between the lower packer of the last explosive unit and the upper packer of the next explosive unit is determined based on the geological exploration parameters and the distance parameters between adjacent target layers in the logging data. The purpose of the adjustable predetermined interval is to facilitate later mining because the target zone locations are not equally spaced corresponding to different reservoir locations.
(2) And (3) throwing: and lowering the horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system to the main force layer position of the corresponding target layer through the oil pipe, and setting the packer.
(3) Sealing and blasting step by step: pumping high-density well killing liquid, and controlling the pressure of fracturing liquid to gradually increase to P on the ground i Sequentially blasting the ith blasting unit from the bottom of the well to the top of the well, and bearing P by the ith release nipple i And (3) under the condition of the fracturing fluid pressure, the pin type structure which is communicated with the cavity and the annular space of the ith gas bomb main body is broken, and when the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism detects the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of the methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, the ignition detonation operation is carried out.
Example 4
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosion unit of an exemplary embodiment of the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system of the present invention; FIG. 4 shows an enlarged schematic view of the squib within the zone of interest of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the oxidizer gas cartridge release nipple of FIG. 3; fig. 5 shows an enlarged schematic view of the body of the cartridge of fig. 3.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the horizontal well methane in-situ explosion multistage fracturing system comprises an upper packer, an explosion nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and a lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe in a direction from a wellhead to a bottom hole (from top to bottom in the figure). The upper packer and the lower packer can realize the sealing and isolation of the explosion unit before the explosion unit is exploded, and can realize the unsealing after the explosion unit is exploded.
Referring to fig. 3, the detonation nipple is located at the primary force level of the target layer. Referring to fig. 4, the squib includes a gas concentration detector 1 and a trigger detonator 2 triggered by the gas concentration detector. The gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism can detect the concentration of methane or the mixed concentration of methane and combustion improver, and can perform ignition detonation operation when judging that the detected concentration meets the critical detonation concentration requirement.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the cartridge body includes a connection box 13, an upper check valve 14, a compression oxidizer storage cavity 15, a lower check valve 16, and a connection pin 17; the release nipple comprises a connecting female buckle 3, a connecting male buckle 10, a pressing piston 4, a piston movement channel 5, an inner hollow pressing rod 6, a safety pin 12, a limit groove 11, a valve rod 7, a combustion improver release hole 8 and a valve body piston 9; in this embodiment, the connection button 13 of the gas bomb body may be connected with the connection button 10 in the release nipple, the connection button 3 in the release nipple may be connected with the oil pipe, and the connection button of the gas bomb body may be connected with the oil pipe.
The relief nipple has a pin structure capable of conducting the cavity of the cartridge body to the annulus under a predetermined pressure of the fracturing fluid. The specific pin structure in this embodiment is:
the pressure piston 4 and the internal hollow pressure rod 6 are integrally positioned above the release nipple (the upper part is the part close to a wellhead, the lower part is the part close to a well bottom), the valve rod 7 and the valve body piston 9 are integrally positioned below the release nipple, and the safety pin 12 is used for fixing the relative movement of the internal hollow pressure rod 6 and the valve rod 7; when fracturing is not performed, the combustion improver release hole 8 is positioned below the release nipple and above the valve body piston. When fracturing is carried out, the upper one-way valve 14 of the air bomb main body is opened, the fracturing fluid with preset pressure acts on the pressurizing piston 4, the pressure generated by the combustion improver acts on the valve body piston 9, and the safety pin 12 is broken. The valve rod 7 is jacked into the hollow pressurizing rod 6, and when the pressurizing piston 4 and the valve body piston 9 move to the limiting groove 11 in the piston movement channel 5, the limiting groove 11 is positioned outside the piston movement channel, and the combustion improver is released from the combustion improver release hole 8; premixing the combustion improver and the resolved methane separated out from the shaft, and performing ignition and detonation operation when the gas concentration detection and ignition and detonation mechanism detects that the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of the detected methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration.
In summary, the horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system is suitable for development of shale reservoirs of the horizontal well, and the methane in-situ blasting fracturing device is suitable for development of common wells and horizontal wells.
Compared with the prior art, the horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system designed by the invention can gradually increase to sequentially traverse P by controlling the fracturing fluid pressure on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize gradual blasting of the 1 st to nth blasting units. The fracturing device designed by the invention comprises structures such as a packer, a detonation nipple, a release nipple, a gas bomb main body and the like, and the structures are utilized to enable the combustion improver to go into the well and be released to a target layer through an oil pipe, so that the safety problem possibly existing in long-distance underground combustion improver conveying in the conventional methane in-situ combustion explosion technology is avoided, and the device is simple in structure and high in safety.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system comprises an oil pipe and one or more than two upper sieve tubes, and is characterized by further comprising an ith blasting unit which is connected in series through the oil pipe and is sequentially arranged along the direction from the bottom of the well to the top of the well, wherein i is a natural number and traverses from 1 to n, n is a natural number and is not less than 2, an adjustable preset interval is arranged between two blasting units adjacent to each other,
the ith explosion unit comprises an ith upper packer, an ith detonation nipple, an ith release nipple, an ith gas bomb main body and an ith lower packer which are sequentially connected through an oil pipe in the direction from a wellhead to a bottom of a well, wherein the ith upper packer and the ith lower packer can realize the sealing of the ith explosion unit before the ith explosion unit is exploded, and can realize the unsealing after the ith explosion unit is exploded; the ith detonation nipple is positioned at the main force layer of the ith target layer and comprises a gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism; the ith gas bomb body is provided with a gas bomb which can be burnt along with the explosionA cavity formed by the dropped materials and used for storing the combustion improver; the ith release nipple is provided with a release nipple capable of bearing P i Pin structure for conducting the cavity and annulus of the ith bomb body under the condition of fracturing fluid pressure, and corresponding P with the increase of i i Increasing;
the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb main body and the 1 st lower packer are sequentially connected with each other, and the upper end of the 1 st release nipple is connected with the tail end of the oil pipe; or, the 1 st gas bomb main body also comprises a middle through hole which can be sleeved on the oil pipe, and meanwhile, the 1 st release nipple also has a structure which can be sleeved on the oil pipe;
the 2 nd to nth gas bullet main part still includes the well through-hole that can suit on oil pipe respectively, and simultaneously, the 2 nd to nth release nipple joint also has the structure that can suit on oil pipe.
2. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion multistage fracturing system of claim 1, wherein the i upper packer and the i lower packer each comprise a matrix formed from a first material, one or more ports disposed in the matrix, and a pressure-bearing combustible member formed from a second material for securing packing in the one or more ports, the second material being capable of being completely burned off during combustion and combustion of the second material at a rate greater than the first material.
3. The horizontal well methane in situ combustion multistage fracturing system of claim 1 wherein said gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism comprises a gas concentration detector and a trigger detonator triggered by the gas concentration detector, said gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism being capable of detecting methane concentration or detecting a mixed concentration of methane and a combustion improver and performing an ignition detonation operation upon determining that the detected concentration meets a critical detonation concentration requirement.
4. The horizontal well methane in-situ combustion multistage fracturing system of claim 1 wherein the 1 st release nipple, the 1 st gas bomb body and the 1 st lower packer are comprised of a material that can be completely burned off during the combustion of the 1 st combustion unit.
5. A horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing method, which is characterized in that the method adopts the horizontal well methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and the fracturing fluid pressure is controlled to gradually increase to sequentially traverse P on the ground 1 To P n So as to realize gradual blasting of the 1 st to nth blasting units.
6. The horizontal well methane in situ combustion multistage fracturing method of claim 5, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
(1) Preparation: determining positions of n target layers and main force layers of the n target layers to be fractured according to geological exploration parameters and logging data, filling each gas bomb main body on the ground, and assembling the n target layers and the main force layers of the adjacent target layers at the distance between the main force layers as the corresponding adjustable preset intervals to form the methane in-situ combustion and explosion multistage fracturing system of the horizontal well;
(2) And (3) throwing: lowering the methane in-situ blasting multistage fracturing system of the horizontal well to the main force layer position of the corresponding target layer through an oil pipe;
(3) Sealing and blasting step by step: pumping high-density well killing liquid, and controlling the pressure of fracturing liquid to gradually increase to P on the ground i Sequentially blasting the ith blasting unit from the bottom of the well to the top of the well, and bearing P by the ith release nipple i And (3) under the condition of the fracturing fluid pressure, the pin type structure which is communicated with the cavity and the annular space of the ith gas bomb main body is broken, and when the gas concentration detection and ignition detonation mechanism detects the methane concentration or the mixed concentration of the methane and the combustion improver meets the requirement of critical detonation concentration, the ignition detonation operation is carried out.
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| CN115522905B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-04-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Methane explosion fracturing device for shale gas reservoir and control method thereof |
| CN116816323B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and blasting fracturing method |
| CN117514104B (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Mechanical impact type piezoelectric circulating ignition device for methane in-situ explosion |
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