CN1337372A - Vacuum extrusion process and equipment of fiber reinforced cement board - Google Patents
Vacuum extrusion process and equipment of fiber reinforced cement board Download PDFInfo
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- CN1337372A CN1337372A CN00121228A CN00121228A CN1337372A CN 1337372 A CN1337372 A CN 1337372A CN 00121228 A CN00121228 A CN 00121228A CN 00121228 A CN00121228 A CN 00121228A CN 1337372 A CN1337372 A CN 1337372A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The technological process for producing fibre cement board by adopting vacuum extrusion method incldues the following steps: metering all the raw materials of cement, silicon powder, light aggregate, fibre, viscosity increaser and water, adding them into stirring kneader to make kneading and mixing, then feeding the obtained mixed material into high-pressure extruder to implement vacuum extrusion, embossing and cutting board blank, piling to make precuring, depiling, high-pressure steaming-curing, drying to obtain white board, fine processing edge and surface, coating and packaging so as to obtain the invented finished product. Its equipment can be used for preparing hollow and solid fiber cement board, its production process is full automation, and its product quality is good.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber cement board, its preparation method and equipment, the fiber cement board, its preparation method and the equipment that particularly adopt the vacuum extrusion molding to produce.
Fiber cement board is a kind of emerging Side fascia, compares with existing various Side fascias, has intensity height, good decorating effect, the aftertreatment and the characteristics of finishing again such as need not spray in some cases, has extensive market prospects.Fibrocement mainly contains two kinds of products, and the one, the fibrocement cored slab, another is the fibrocement solid slab, need adopt different technology and equipment respectively during preparation.
Producd fibers cement hollow plate generally adopts the multiscrew expressing technique at present, after soon cement and light skeletal will stir by certain proportioning, row by the hopper below extrudes along the uniform screw rod of plate width, the number of its screw rod is the number in the hole of finished product sheet material, and the outlet of extruder that matches with screw rod is the cross dimensions of plate.
Producd fibers cement solid slab has following several technology:
1. copy and follow the example of: with big water cement ratio with mixing of materials such as cement, fibers, then with cylinder copy get into thin stock after, through the vacuum dehydration rolling process, on forming tube, be rolled into the slab of desired thickness, cut into required length and width, maintenance forms sheet material.
2. slurry flowing process: with bigger water cement ratio with mixing of materials such as cement, fibers, behind moulding thin stock on the fourdrinier wire stream slurry molding device,, on forming tube, be rolled into the slab of desired thickness then through the vacuum dehydration rolling process, cut into required length and width, maintenance forms sheet material.
3. gunite: be with other material and cement mixing such as cement, then with pressurized air by the spray gun ejection and make it atomizing, mix in air with chopped strand, deposit to the supporting plate surface at last, be rolled into slab after meeting the requirements of thickness, maintenance becomes sheet material then.
In the prior art, adopt the multiscrew expressing technique can only produce the hollow fiber cement plate, and screw rod only play a part to mix and feeding; Therefore aforesaid method exists and adopts same equipment can not produce hollow simultaneously and the shortcoming solid fibers cement plate, and because the limitation of its preparation method and equipment, the intensity of the fiber cement board that obtains can not satisfy actual needs; In addition, up to the present, also there is not the report of full automatic fibrocement production line.
The fiber cement board that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum extrusion molding to produce uses unique prescription, technology and equipment, and raw material and product are nontoxic, pollution-free.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts vacuum extrusion molding producd fibers cement plate, extrudes the fibrocement slab by single screw extrusion machine under high pressure and high vacuum state, and through a series of aftertreatments, product quality is closely knit, and mechanical property is good.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment that adopts vacuum extrusion molding producd fibers cement plate, the fiber cement board of different shapes, size and hole count that this equipment can be produced is hollow, solid, surface layer has the figure line, level of automation height.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of fiber cement board is characterized in that adopting following prescription:
Cement: 15-35%
Silica flour: 0-15%
Light skeletal: 15-40%
Fiber: 2.5-10%
Tackifier: 0.5-6%
Water: 20-40%.
Cement among the present invention can be ordinary Portland cement, magnesium cement and be fit to other cement of the present invention; Silica flour is a content greater than 80% silica powder; Light skeletal is perlite, zeolite, magnesium chloride, the clay of flyash, 0.16-1.25mm unit weight 200g/cm3 and is fit to other filler of the present invention; Fiber of the present invention comprises synthon and natural fiber and tamanori; Synthon can be fibers such as polyester, polyolefine, poly-cellulose acetate; Natural fiber is the paper fiber and is fit to other fiber of the present invention that natural fiber can adsorb the moisture in the material owing to have good suction, water-retentivity; Tackifier are one or more the combination of methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, hypromellose, ethylmethylcellulose, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), cellulose acetate, gelatin, dextrin, Microcrystalline Cellulose, methylcellulose gum, polymethyl acrylate, polyacrylic ester, hydroxyethylmethyl-cellulose, Natvosol.
Macrofiber helps improving the intensity of fibrocement, but amount long as the length of fruit fiber or fiber is excessive, is unfavorable for the dispersion of fiber, and the length of fiber is less than 20mm among the present invention, and diameter is less than 30 μ m, and preferred length is 8-15mm, diameter 15-20 μ m.Clay among the present invention can be an attapulgite.
Screening formulation of the present invention is: cement: 23%
Silica flour: 9.5%
Light skeletal: 26%
Fiber: 5%
Tackifier: 1.5%
Water: 35%.
Most preferred prescription is as follows:
Cement: 23%
Silica flour: 9.5%
Flyash: 14%
Perlite: 4%
Attapulgite: 8%
Paper fiber: 4%
Trevira: 1%
Tackifier: 1.5%
Water: 35%.
Preparation technology of the present invention and method are: various raw materials are entered stirring kneader carry out slightly mixing after the dosing system metering, mediate and mix, make material have good workability and plasticity, carry through conveyor then, material is evenly added to the high pressure vacuum forcing machine, in the pushing course of forcing machine high pressure and big screw rod, carry out vacuum suction, take the gas in the material away, make material compacting, then through forcing machine die head extrusion board base, slab cuts through embossing, carry out precuring behind the stacking, the slab of precuring forms stable holder shellfish mullite mineral structure through high-pressure steaming and cultivating, and dry back becomes plain plate, carry out the limit then, the precision work of face, last application, be packaged into finished product.
Equipment of the present invention comprises: the stirring kneader that material is fully stirred kneading, after the stirring, blanking is to conveying belt, and be transferred band and be transported to the double screw feeder of forcing machine, the double screw feeder rotation feeds into vacuum chamber, food slicer on the vacuum chamber sidewall is cut into slices material, be beneficial to extract the air in the material, and material is dialled in single screw extrusion machine by setting gauge, a single screw rod is arranged in the single screw extrusion machine, start vacuum extractor, make to keep negative pressure in the vacuum chamber to extract the air in the sheet material, make material compacting, pressure change produces bubble owing to existing air to cause high pressure to be extruded in the material to avoid; Extrude slab continuously through the forcing machine die head, slab is transported on the supporting plate travelling belt by the slab travelling belt through slab, provide signal by the photosignal device, the push pedal transfer roller moves to a supporting plate on the correspondence position parallel with the supporting plate travelling belt, make two blocks of supporting plates placed side by side, stacker overlays slab on two dollies of parallel placement respectively together with supporting plate; Take off pallet arrangement fiber cement board and supporting plate are separated, fiber cement board and supporting plate are overlayed respectively on two dollies; By laterally moving the branch buttress that the plate machine carries out supporting plate, the supporting plate that is about to stack separates and is placed on the travelling belt, transport supporting plate back starting point and repeated use by travelling belt, middle portion at the supporting plate return conveyer is provided with application device so that smear releasing agent, pass through the supporting plate cross sliding machine again, make the supporting plate on the supporting plate return conveyer turn back to parallel with it supporting plate travelling belt, supporting plate can be reused.Said process is controlled whole process by photosignal device and stopper and controlling box.
The size and dimension of fuse can change the kind and the size of product in transposing die head or the die head, for example use the die head that fuse is arranged to prepare the fiber cement board of hollow, and use the die head of no fuse can prepare the solid fibers cement plate, if on the forcing machine die head pattern is arranged, can produce the fiber cement board that has various decorative patterns or pattern; Change the shape of forcing machine die head, can produce the heterotypic fibre cement plate.
It is main raw material that the present invention adopts cement, flyash, silica flour, perlite, adds conjugated fibre and strengthens, and through the vacuum high-pressure extrusion moulding, and forms with retrofit through high pressure high temperature vapor maintenance, multilayer spraying; Basic pollution-free inorganics of employing and industrial residue are raw material in its prescription, and harmless fully to human body, production process is no waste discharge also; Forming method adopts single screw rod vacuum high-pressure to extrude to make material more even, fine and close, the High Temperature High Pressure maintenance makes the quality densification, shrink little, dimensional stability is good, above-mentioned prescription and production unit have determined this product to have good sound insulation, heat insulation and weather resisteant, can be used as Side fascia, hollow sheeting, special-shaped plate, be widely used in the special engineering of the noise reduction barrier in decoration of exterior wall, non-bearing internal partition wall, airport, motorway, railway and Industrial noise source of local-style dwelling houses dwelling house, commercial building and industrial premises and acid and alkali-resistance, high-low temperature resistant, humidity.
Processes and apparatus of the present invention also has following advantage:
1. product category is abundant: product form (shape in length and width, hole and size, surface layer decorative pattern etc.) depends on die head degree of lip-rounding shape, thereby, only need the conversion die head, can produce the product of different size and shape, and can make product have different patterns.
2. it is easy to change product category: the die head of variant production form is changed general and is needed 0.5 hour, thereby it is quick easily to change product category.
3. product is extruded at high pressure and high vacuum state, and product quality is closely knit, and mechanical property is superior, and quality is good.
4. water consumption is little: amount of water only is 1.1 times of aquation water, and its water consumption is 20% of a slurry flowing process; Copy follow the example of 10%; 30% of gunite.Whole processing line need add the entry except that raw material, and other operations do not have process water.
5. produce whole automatizations.
Be description of drawings of the present invention below.
Fig. 1 is the artwork of vacuum extrusion molding producd fibers cement plate of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the plot plan of vacuum extrusion molding producd fibers cement plate apparatus for production line of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 A is the B portion enlarged view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of stirring kneader of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of forcing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a forcing machine pressure change profile of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of synchronization cutting mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of push pedal transfer roller of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of stacker of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram that takes off pallet arrangement of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram that laterally moves the plate machine of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram of supporting plate cross sliding machine of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of supporting plate of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the synoptic diagram of the various fiber cement boards of employing present device preparation
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, described embodiment is used to describe the present invention, rather than is used to limit the present invention.
From the storage tank that is positioned at stirring kneader top, with weight percent is 23% cement, 9.5% content is greater than 80% 100 order silica flours, particle diameter 0.16-1.25MM, the perlite 4% of unit weight 200g/cm3, second class powered coal ash 14%, 100 order attapulgites 8%, trevira 1%, paper fiber 4%, methylcellulose gum 1.5%, water 35% adds stirring kneader 300 after metering, material is after fully stirring kneading, by discharge port 10 blankings of below to conveying belt 11, be transported to the charging opening 301 of double screw feeder through belt pulley conveying belt 11, double screw feeder 12 rotations feed into vacuum chamber 13, food slicer 15 on the vacuum chamber sidewall is cut into slices material, be beneficial to extract the air in the material, and material is dialled in single screw extrusion machine 17 by setting gauge 16, and a single screw rod 202 is arranged in the single screw extrusion machine 17, start vacuum extractor, vacuumize from vacuum hole 14, make to keep in the vacuum chamber negative pressure, make material compacting to extract the air in the sheet material, to avoid because pressure change generation bubble when existing air to cause high pressure to be extruded in the material; Extrude solid slab continuously through hollow forcing machine die head 18.
Slab is transported on the supporting plate travelling belt 2l by test the speed roller 22 and free roller 23 and slab travelling belt 20, be cut into slab with supporting plate size same size by synchronization cutting mechanism 26, through stacker 28, on dolly, stack two rows that become to be arranged in parallel, two row's dollies 33 carry slab and enter curing room 32 and carry out the high temperature maintenance, go out curing room after, pass through high-pressure curing and aftertreatment again, can pack, obtain the fibrocement panel products.Said process is seen shown in Fig. 1-3.
Embodiment 2-6
The basic technology that adopts embodiment 1, composition of raw materials sees Table l:
| Raw material | Consumption (%) | ||||
| Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | |
| Cement | ????35 | ????30 | ????25 | ????20 | ????15 |
| Silica flour | ????6 | ????0 | ????12 | ????1 | ????5 |
| Perlite | ????6 | ????2 | ????5 | ????8 | |
| Attapulgite | ????2 | ????10 | ????6 | ||
| Flyash | ????10 | ????8 | ????18 | ????6 | |
| Magnesium chloride | ????1 | ????8 | ????5 | ????3 | |
| Clay | ????7 | ????1 | ????4 | ????10 | |
| Zeolite | ????5 | ????1 | ????2 | ||
| Lime carbonate | ????5 | ????8 | ????4 | ????12 | |
| The paper fiber | ????O.5 | ????6 | ????5 | ????2 | ????1 |
| Polypropylene fibre | ????2 | ????0.7 | |||
| Terylene | ????0.5 | ||||
| ?PVC | ????O.5 | ????1 | |||
| Viscose fiber | ????2 | ||||
| Cellulose acetate | ????2 | ????3 | |||
| Ethyl cellulose | ????2 | ????1.3 | |||
| Hypromellose | ????2 | ||||
| Dextrin | ????6 | ||||
| Methylcellulose gum | ????0.5 | ||||
| Water | ????20 | ????26 | ????37 | ????40 | ????30 |
| The die head hole count | ????4 | ????8 | ????0 | ????10 | ????2 |
Equipment of the present invention and production process comprise: fibrocement stirring kneader 300 is by outer wall 1, rotating-disk inwall 2, baffle plate 3, dispersion agitator 4, star-like agitator 5, kneading blade 6, twin screw screw rod 7, agitator feed opening 8, and transmission mechanism is formed; Transmission mechanism comprises: motor 101 and motor 102, motor 101 links to each other with star-like agitator by gear 108,100, link to each other with gear ring 104 by 106,103, gear ring is connected with the bottom of the rotating-disk inwall 2 of the stirrer of stirring kneader, makes motor 101 can drive star-like agitator 5 and 2 rotations of rotating-disk inwall simultaneously; Motor 102 links to each other with disperseing agitator by belt pulley 105,107, mediate within the outer wall 40 of kneader that blade 6 and screw rod 7 be positioned at stirring kneader, stirring kneader outer wall 40 is positioned at the bottom of the outer wall 1 of stirring kneader, has a baffle plate to connect a discharge port 8 in the bottom of outer wall 1; After stirring was finished, base plate (not marking among the figure) was opened, and material is through the charging opening 55 of discharge port 8 blankings to the kneading device of its underpart; The sidewall of kneader outer wall 40 has a discharge port 10; During use, with fiber, cement, auxiliary material and water add the fibrocement stirring kneader, starting motor is 101 and 102, electric motor 101 drives star agitator 5 by gear 100 and rotates, motor 101 driven gears 106 are also by gear 106 driven gears 103 simultaneously, thereby gear 103 drives gear ring 104 and rotates 2 rotations of drive disk inwall, electric motor 102 is by belt pulley 105,107 drive the rotation of star agitator, realized rotating-disk inwall 2 like this, disperse agitator 4 and star-like agitator 5 to rotate simultaneously, the material that baffle plate 3 will rush on it further disperses, disperse agitator 4 and star-like agitator 5 and rotating-disk 2 to rotate simultaneously, cooperating baffle plate 3 that material is circulated up and down stirs, shearing action is moderate up and down under baffle plate cooperates, and material is distributed, mix; The material that mixes is mediated by the stirring of mediating blade 6 and screw rod 7, further mixes plasticizing, can obtain doughy material with good incorporation degree uniformly.As shown in Figure 4.
Material is after fully stirring kneading, discharge port 10 blankings by the below, be transported to double screw feeder 12 through belt pulley conveying belt 11, twin screw 56 rotations feed into vacuum chamber 13, and the vacuum port 14 of vacuum chamber 13 is connected with vacuum extractor, vacuum extractor vacuumizes, make to keep in the vacuum chamber negative pressure, make material compacting, to avoid owing to existing air to cause high pressure to be extruded in the material to extract the air in the sheet material, because pressure change produces bubble, help preparing fine and close product; The sidewall of vacuum chamber has food slicer 15 that material is cut into slices, because the easier air that extracts in the material of flaky material, cross setting gauge 16 material is dialled in single screw extrusion machine 17, forcing machine is connected with the forcing machine die head 18 that can change, single screw rod 202 motions, material is delivered to forcing machine die head 18, forcing machine die head 18 is connected with the water pipe 19 of logical water coolant, change the shape and size and the internal structure of forcing machine die head, can produce product hollow, solid and that have the various size and the shape of decorative pattern.The structure of forcing machine is seen Fig. 5
The changing conditions of pressure as shown in Figure 6 in the forcing machine.A is the pressure in the twin screw feeder compartment among the figure, and b is the pressure of vacuum chamber, begins pressure for the single screw extrusion machine extruder chamber from c, and d is the pressure of single screw extrusion machine extruder chamber and die head junction, and e is the pressure change of material before and after the forcing machine die head is extruded.As seen from Figure 6, after material added double screw feeder, along with the twin screw motion, the pressure in the double screw feeder raise; After entering vacuum chamber, owing to vacuumize, material is extracted the bubble in the material under suction function, makes material fine and close more, and after vacuum chamber entered extruder chamber, pressure improved fast, and from material is extruded under high pressure conditions; Slab is after die head is extruded, and pressure descends rapidly, therefore adopts the said structure design to help obtaining the fibrocement slab of densification, no bubble, no bowing.
Material obtains the successive slab after extruding from forcing machine die head 18, and slab is transported on the supporting plate travelling belt 21 by slab travelling belt 20; If the belt pulley transmission speed greater than the extruded velocity of forcing machine die head, may cause slab to be broken; If the belt pulley transmission speed is lower than the extruded velocity of forcing machine die head, may cause the alluvial on travelling belt or supporting plate travelling belt between slab self or the slab, occur for fear of above-mentioned situation, an end of forcing machine travelling belt 20 is installed a big roller 22 and several pony rolls 23; Big roller 22 is the roller that tests the speed, and is connected with photosignal device 109, measures the discharging speed of forcing machine die head 18, and the transmission speed of control belt.Roller directly links to each other with belt if test the speed, the transmission speed of belt and the extruded velocity of die head influence each other, speed is difficult to control, therefore between roller 22 and the belt pulley starting point transition roller is installed testing the speed, be several pony rolls 23, pony roll 23 is also referred to as free roller, be used to eliminate the influence that belt is measured numerical value to the roller that tests the speed, and the speed by photosignal device feedback belt pulley end simultaneously, guarantee that the speed of forcing machine die head extrusion board base and the speed of travelling belt belt pulley and the translational speed of supporting plate travelling belt are consistent, reach synchrodrive, error is less than 0.1%.The design of travelling belt 20 is most important, if its structure design is unreasonable, owing to there is stress concentration, can cause damage to slab; Among the present invention, travelling belt 20 is made up of two identical reverse tangent circular arcs of radius, both travelling belt 20 was made up of tangent positive arc 24 and cloudy arc 25 two portions, two tangent circular arc homodisperse travelling belt stress, avoid causing owing to the variation suddenly of travelling belt angle in the transport process damage of slab, helped guaranteeing the quality of product.
The turning radius of two tangent arcs and the quantity of free roller can determine as required, the turning radius of general circular arc is 5-20M, preferred 12-16M, and the quantity of free roller is 3-10 among the present invention, the turning radius of two tangent arcs of the present invention is 15M, and preferred free roller quantity is 5.
Supporting plate travelling belt 21 is from fibrocement material travelling belt 11 places, be positioned at single screw extrusion machine 17, the test the speed below of roller 22 and slab travelling belt 20 and move along this direction, supporting plate travelling belt 21 is sent to the end of slab travelling belt 20, supporting plate travelling belt initial and terminal, have and be connected with photosignal device 109 on the slab travelling belt or the photosignal device of reciprocal feedback, all photosignal devices are controlled by a controlling board, second circular arc of supporting plate travelling belt 21 and travelling belt 20, just cloudy arc 25 is tangent, slab on the slab travelling belt 20 is fallen on the supporting plate travelling belt 21 from transmitting end of tape, and can not damage slab.Supporting plate travelling belt 21 continues to move forward to synchronous cutting device 26 together with the supporting plate 27 that is loaded with on it, see Fig. 7, adhesive, disconnection by electromagnetic clutch 64 in the synchronous cutting device 26 realize the synchronous of longitudinal velocity and supporting plate speed, during electromagnetic clutch 64 adhesives, sprocket wheel 65 passes to electromagnetic clutch 64 with the speed of supporting plate travelling belt 21, drives walking dolly 61 and realizes synchronously; After cutting finished, 64 disconnected, and the cylinder 63 that resets is with 61 pushed home, and disc saw 67 and motor 66 are used to cut the slab greater than about 45mm, and cylinder 62 and chopper 68 are used to cut the thin plate less than about 25mm, and 66,67 combinations are interlockings with 62,68 combinations.64 adhesive is controlled by inductive switch, when the contact of supporting plate near near switch the time, aforesaid operations is carried out in 64 adhesives; Automatic control system is calculated through strict, when cutting knife is fallen, exactly drops between two supporting plates, slab is cut into the size of requirement.Synchronous cutting device as shown in Figure 7,69 is frame among the figure.Before supporting plate travelling belt 21 was near synchronous cutting device 26, if desired, fixing motor on the top of the shelf quickened, and supporting plate can be moved to synchronous cutting device 26 fast.
Slab through cutting moves forward through rollgang 74 on supporting plate, to push pedal transfer roller 29, as shown in Figure 8, supporting plate and on slab blocked by baffle plate 75, the photosignal device 30 that is fixed on the frame sends signal to push pedal 71, push pedal cylinder 72, push pedal 71,72 actions of push pedal cylinder are pushed into a supporting plate on another delivery track 73 together with the slab on it, and cylinder resets then.By above-mentioned action, a supporting plate is moved on the correspondence position parallel with supporting plate travelling belt 21 together with the slab on it, make two blocks of supporting plates placed side by side.After two supporting plates are in place, hydro-cylinder 77 on the stacker 28 descends in place, mechanical manipulator on the catching plate 79 starts under hydro-cylinder 77 controls, mechanical manipulator has 8 grippers, per 4 grippers place four edges of a supporting plate, gripper is closed up in the startup of gripper cylinder, mention two blocks of supporting plates side by side, hydro-cylinder 77 rises in place, hydraulic pressure gyrator 76 is rocked to another limit position, walking dolly 78 moves to limit position together with catching plate 79, and limit position is transport trolley 33 down, and hydro-cylinder 77 descends, the gripper of catching plate 79 is opened supporting plate is placed on the transport trolley 33, then hydro-cylinder 77 returns starting position together with catching plate 79, and the repetition aforesaid operations overlays slab the quantity of extremely stipulating on two dollies of parallel placement together with supporting plate, so that carry out next step maintenance.The location of each parts is by optoelectronic switch and stopper control.Stacker is seen shown in Figure 9, and 80 is the stacker frame.The depleted slab continues to recycle to putting useless roller-way 57 forward along travelling belt.
Two dollies placed side by side 33 carry supporting plate and on slab enter curing room 32 along track and carry out maintenance, two door auto-switches of curing room 32, after a dolly enters curing room, dolly at the curing room the other end is extruded, the door of curing room is closed automatically, continues according to the condition of setting steam-cured.
After the dolly that is loaded with supporting plate comes out from curing room, on supporting plate, obtain fiber cement board 60, what be close to curing room is to take off pallet arrangement 36, as shown in figure 10, comprise 80, two hydro-cylinders 81 of hydraulic pressure gyrator, 82, two catching plates 83,84, walking dolly 85 and frame 86, gripper 87 on the catching plate 85 is for can open and structure, and after the supporting plate of catching plate below was in place, hydro-cylinder 81 descended in place, gripper 87 is closed up in product gripper cylinder startup on the catching plate, mention the fibrocement panel products, hydro-cylinder 81 rises in place, after hydraulic pressure gyrator 80 is rocked to another limit position, 81 descend, and the gripper of catching plate 85 is opened and put down the fibrocement panel products; Its limit position can be platform, also can be dolly, and among the present invention, the below of preferred limit position is a dolly, and soon fiber cement board overlays dolly 48 upper edge tracks 59 and enters next step High Temperature High Pressure steam-cured chamber 58 further aftertreatments.Hydro-cylinder 82 descends simultaneously, gripper is closed up in the gripper cylinder startup of catching plate 84, mention supporting plate and move to the suitable position, dolly top of placing supporting plate, hydro-cylinder 82 descends, the gripper of catching plate 84 is opened and is put down supporting plate, then 81,82,84,85 return starting position, repeat this process, fiber cement board is separated with supporting plate and pile up respectively on dolly or platform.The location of each parts is by optoelectronic switch and locating device control.When thin plate and supporting plate break away from, adopt sucker to replace catching plate, its control process is identical with said process.
The dolly 49 that is loaded with supporting plate returns along track 220 through ferry bus 47, changeing by laterally moving the branch buttress that plate machine 35 carries out supporting plate with slab travelling belt or the corresponding position of synchronous cutting device, be about to overlay on the dolly supporting plate 27 separately and be placed on the travelling belt, transport supporting plate back starting point and reuse by travelling belt.Laterally moving the plate machine comprises: hydraulic pressure gyrator 88, walking dolly 89, hydro-cylinder 90, little hydraulic pressure gyrator 91, catching plate 92, frame 93, see shown in Figure 11.The fixed position is an initial bit during beginning, and in initial bit, catching plate is down for returning the supporting plate foldback rotary conveyor of supporting plate travelling belt 21; After two dollies of putting side by side are in place together with the supporting plate that stacks on it, hydraulic pressure gyrator 88 is rocked to another limit position, on the position that catching plate 92 first dollies of arrival are parked, hydro-cylinder 90 descends in place, and gripper is closed up in the gripper cylinder startup on the catching plate 92, mention supporting plate, hydro-cylinder 90 rises in place, and 88 swings of hydraulic pressure gyrator make 90,92 to return initial bit, hydro-cylinder 90 descends, and the gripper of catching plate 92 is opened and put down supporting plate to supporting plate and return belt 94; Then little hydraulic pressure gyrator 91 is rocked to its another limit position, 88 also be rocked to another limit position simultaneously, make on second dolly that stacks supporting plate that catching plate 92 arrives and first dolly is placed side by side, hydro-cylinder 90 descends in place, gripper is closed up in gripper cylinder startup on the catching plate 92, mention supporting plate, hydro-cylinder 90 rises in place, hydraulic pressure gyrator 88 and little hydraulic pressure gyrator 91 are swung simultaneously, catching plate 92 is back to supporting plate returns 94 of belts, hydro-cylinder 90 descends, and the gripper of catching plate 92 is opened and put down supporting plate.Dolly is reused along the zero position that ferry bus 41 laterally moves to track 42; The location of each parts is by optoelectronic switch and stopper control.The structure of the gripper of catching plate for upholding.
Supporting plate returns the supporting plate that conveying belt 94 carries on it and travels forward, and is having on the frame on the photosignal device is connected near terminal brushing system 50, and after the photosignal device sent signal, Controlling System started, and releasing agent evenly is applied on the supporting plate, so that the demoulding.Behind the brushing releasing agent, supporting plate returns the supporting plate that conveying belt 94 carries on it and moves forward, to supporting plate cross sliding machine 95.Supporting plate cross sliding machine 95 comprise with supporting plate return the adjacent vertical rollgang 96 of belt 94, with supporting plate to the transversal chain conveyor 97 that laterally moves, the vertical rollgang 98 adjacent, the cylinder 99 that the control supporting plate moves and the connecting rod 200 and 201 that is attached thereto, as shown in figure 12 with the initiating terminal of supporting plate travelling belt 21.During work, supporting plate is sent into by vertical rollgang 96, and block by the baffle plate on 96, the optoelectronic switch that is fixed on the frame sends signal to cylinder 99, cylinder 99 promotes connecting rod 200,201 rise transversal chain conveyor 97, supporting plate is delivered on vertical rollgang 98, and exhaust casing 99 drivening rods 200,201 return, and transversal chain conveyor 97 falls, under the control of photosignal device, supporting plate is got back to supporting plate travelling belt 21 by vertical rollgang 98, so reuse, the whole automatizations of whole process of production can operate continuously, continuous production obtains high-quality fiber cement board.
By the curing room maintenance and through taking off the fiber cement board 37 of supporting plate, can directly carry out the precision work of limit, face, last application, be packaged into finished product; Also can carry, enter high-pressure steaming and cultivating chamber 58 along track 59 through ferry bus 43 and further carry out above-mentioned aftertreatment again, be packaged to be the product that needs again by steam-cured, drying by dolly 48.Ferry bus 47,41, principle of work identical with the principle of work of supporting plate cross sliding machine 95, the shallow decorative pattern on the fiber cement board can directly be obtained by the decorative pattern of the mould of die head, dark decorative pattern or pattern can obtain in going out die head and aftertreatment technology.
Photoelectricity of the present invention and induced signal make the each several part operating error less than 0.1% by controlling board control, the feedback concentrated.
Aftertreatment and packing can adopt any method of prior art.
Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of supporting plate 27 of the present invention, Figure 14 is the synoptic diagram of the fiber cement board of the employing embodiment of the invention 1 prescription and relevant device preparation, Figure 14 A, B are the synoptic diagram that has the fiber cement board of decorative pattern, and figure C, D are the sectional drawing that adopts the hollow fiber cement plate of the die head production that fuse is arranged; Figure E, F, G, H, I, J, K are the sectional drawing that adopts the solid fibers cement plate of hollow die head production, above-mentioned illustrated fiber cement board can obtain by changing the forcing machine die head, therefore adopt equipment of the present invention and technology, can produce all thickness, hollow, solid, have various patterns and a special-shaped fiber cement board.
Claims (10)
1. fiber cement board is characterized in that the prescription of described fiber cement board is:
Cement: 15-35%
Silica flour: 0-15%
Light skeletal: 15-40%
Fiber: 2.5-10%
Tackifier: 0.5-6%
Water: 20-40%.
2. fiber cement board according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fiber cement board formula optimization:
Cement: 23%
Silica flour: 9.5%
Light skeletal: 26%
Fiber: 5%
Tackifier: 1.5%
Water: 35%.
3. fiber cement board according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described cement is ordinary Portland cement, magnesium cement; Silica flour is a content greater than 80% silica powder; Light skeletal is perlite, zeolite, magnesium chloride, the clay of flyash, 0.16-1.25mm unit weight 200g/cm3; Described fiber comprises synthon and natural fiber and tamanori; Synthon can be fibers such as polyester, polyolefine, poly-cellulose acetate; Natural fiber is the paper fiber; Tackifier are one or more the combination of methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, hypromellose, ethylmethylcellulose, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), cellulose acetate, gelatin, dextrin, Microcrystalline Cellulose, methylcellulose gum, polymethyl acrylate, polyacrylic ester, hydroxyethylmethyl-cellulose, Natvosol, the length of described fiber is less than 20mm, diameter is less than 30 μ m, preferred length is 8-15mm, diameter 15-20 μ m, described clay is an attapulgite.
4. fiber cement board according to claim 1 is characterized in that most preferred prescription is as follows:
Cement: 23%
Silica flour: 9.5%
Flyash: 14%
Perlite: 4%
Attapulgite 8%
Paper fiber: 4%
Trevira: 1%
Methylcellulose gum: 1.5%
Water: 35%,
The length of wherein said fiber is preferably 8-15mm, diameter 15-20 μ m.
5. the continuous production equipment of the described fiber cement board of claim 1, it is characterized in that described continuous production equipment comprises: the stirring kneader that is used for mixture, the conveying belt that the material that mixes is added forcing machine, be used to extrude the high pressure vacuum forcing machine of hollow or solid slab, the slab of extruding is transported to the slab conveying belt that takes off the plate travelling belt, synchronization cutting mechanism with the continuous slab cutting, a supporting plate is moved to the correspondence position parallel with the supporting plate travelling belt make two push pedal transfer rollers that supporting plate is placed side by side, the stacker that slab and supporting plate are stacked, slab is carried out the curing room of maintenance, fiber cement board separated with supporting plate take off pallet arrangement, transport supporting plate back starting point reusable travelling belt, smear the application device of releasing agent, make supporting plate turn back to parallel with it supporting plate travelling belt supporting plate cross sliding machine and high-pressure curing chamber, aforesaid device is controlled whole automation process process by photosignal device and stopper and controlling box.
6. the continuous production equipment of fiber cement board according to claim 5, it is characterized in that adhesive, the disconnection by electromagnetic clutch (64) realizes the synchronous of longitudinal velocity and supporting plate speed in the described synchronous cutting device (26), during electromagnetic clutch (64) adhesive, sprocket wheel (65) passes to electromagnetic clutch (64) with the speed of supporting plate travelling belt (21), drives walking dolly (61) and realizes synchronously; After cutting finishes, (64) disconnect, reset cylinder (63) with (61) pushed home, disc saw (67) and motor (66) are used to cut the slab greater than about 45mm, cylinder (62) and chopper (68) are used to cut the thin plate less than about 25mm, (66), (67) combination is interlocking with (62), (68) combination, the adhesive of (64) is controlled by inductive switch.
7. the continuous production equipment of fiber cement board according to claim 5, it is characterized in that on supporting plate, moving forward through rollgang (74) through the slab of cutting, during to push pedal transfer roller (29), supporting plate and on slab blocked by baffle plate (75), the photosignal device (30) that is fixed on the frame sends signal to push pedal (71), push pedal cylinder (72), push pedal (71), push pedal cylinder (72) action is pushed into a supporting plate on another delivery track (73) together with the slab on it, cylinder resets then, by above-mentioned action, a supporting plate is moved on the correspondence position parallel with supporting plate travelling belt (21) together with the slab on it, make two blocks of supporting plates placed side by side; After two supporting plates are in place, hydro-cylinder (77) on the stacker (28) descends in place, mechanical manipulator on the catching plate (79) starts under hydro-cylinder (77) control, mechanical manipulator has 8 grippers, per 4 grippers place four edges of a supporting plate, gripper is closed up in the startup of gripper cylinder, mention two blocks of supporting plates side by side, hydro-cylinder (77) rises in place, hydraulic pressure gyrator (76) is rocked to another limit position, walking dolly (78) moves to limit position together with catching plate (79), limit position is transport trolley (33) down, and hydro-cylinder (77) descends, and the gripper of catching plate (79) is opened supporting plate is placed on the transport trolley (33), then hydro-cylinder (77) returns starting position together with catching plate (79), and the repetition aforesaid operations overlays slab the quantity of extremely stipulating on two dollies of parallel placement together with supporting plate; The location of each parts is by optoelectronic switch and stopper control.
8. the continuous production equipment of fiber cement board according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described transmission (21) by can dispersive stress, avoids in the transport process because the travelling belt angle changes the identical reverse tangent positive arc of two radiuses of the damage that causes slab and cloudy arc two portions circular arc composition suddenly.
9. the production method of the described fiber cement board of claim 1, it is characterized in that various raw materials are entered stirring kneader to carry out slightly mixing after the dosing system metering, mediate and mix, make material have good workability and plasticity, carry through conveyor then, material is evenly added to the high pressure vacuum forcing machine, in the pushing course of forcing machine high pressure and big screw rod, carry out vacuum suction, take the gas in the material away, make material compacting, then through forcing machine die head extrusion board base, slab cuts through embossing, carry out precuring behind the stacking, the slab of precuring forms stable holder shellfish mullite mineral structure through high-pressure steaming and cultivating, and dry back becomes fiber cement board.
10. the production method of fiber cement board according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described method further comprises: after material is fully stirred kneading, from the stirring kneader blanking to conveying belt, and be transferred band and be transported to the double screw feeder of forcing machine, the double screw feeder rotation feeds into vacuum chamber, a single screw rod is arranged in the single screw extrusion machine, start vacuum extractor, make and keep negative pressure in the vacuum chamber to extract the air in the material, make material compacting, pressure change produces bubble owing to existing air to cause high pressure to be extruded in the material to avoid; Extrude slab continuously through the forcing machine die head, slab is transported on the supporting plate travelling belt by the slab travelling belt through slab, provide signal by the photosignal device, the push pedal transfer roller moves to a supporting plate on the correspondence position parallel with the supporting plate travelling belt, make two blocks of supporting plates placed side by side, stacker overlays slab on two dollies of parallel placement respectively together with supporting plate; After the maintenance, take off pallet arrangement fiber cement board and supporting plate are separated, fiber cement board and supporting plate are overlayed respectively on the dolly, fiber cement board enters the High Temperature High Pressure maintenance; The supporting plate that overlays on the dolly is returned by another track, by laterally moving the branch buttress that the plate machine carries out supporting plate, the supporting plate that is about to stack separates and is placed on the travelling belt, transport supporting plate back starting point and repeated use by travelling belt, middle portion at the supporting plate return conveyer is provided with application device so that smear releasing agent, pass through the supporting plate cross sliding machine again, make the supporting plate on the supporting plate return conveyer turn back to parallel with it supporting plate travelling belt, supporting plate can be reused, and said process is controlled whole process by photosignal device and stopper and controlling box.
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| CNB001212281A CN100357217C (en) | 2000-08-08 | 2000-08-08 | Vacuum extrusion process and equipment of fiber reinforced cement board |
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