CN1327987C - 衬套和制造衬套的方法 - Google Patents

衬套和制造衬套的方法 Download PDF

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CN1327987C
CN1327987C CNB2004800044343A CN200480004434A CN1327987C CN 1327987 C CN1327987 C CN 1327987C CN B2004800044343 A CNB2004800044343 A CN B2004800044343A CN 200480004434 A CN200480004434 A CN 200480004434A CN 1327987 C CN1327987 C CN 1327987C
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CN1750893A (zh
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戴维·肖尔
克里斯·贝奈特
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Minebea Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
    • B64D15/02—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by ducted hot gas or liquid
    • B64D15/04—Hot gas application
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/10—Making other particular articles parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/43—Aeroplanes; Helicopters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49668—Sleeve or bushing making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49668—Sleeve or bushing making
    • Y10T29/49671—Strip or blank material shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49668—Sleeve or bushing making
    • Y10T29/49671—Strip or blank material shaping
    • Y10T29/49673—Die-press shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49668—Sleeve or bushing making
    • Y10T29/49671—Strip or blank material shaping
    • Y10T29/49673—Die-press shaping
    • Y10T29/49675—Die-press shaping having inner lining layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49668—Sleeve or bushing making
    • Y10T29/49677—Sleeve or bushing making having liner
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49789—Obtaining plural product pieces from unitary workpiece
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49906—Metal deforming with nonmetallic bonding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Connecting Device With Holders (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有衬垫和凸缘的衬套(1)及其制造方法，该方法包括步骤：提供具有孔(7)的衬垫(5)；将该衬垫中的孔定位在套管(2)的周围，从而该衬垫位于表面(6)上；以及在套管周围对坯料进行冲压，以提供带有衬垫和凸缘的衬套。

Description

衬套和制造衬套的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种衬套和制造衬套的方法，更具体地涉及一种制造带有衬垫和凸缘的衬套的方法。
背景技术
吹风板(blow-down panel)衬套用在航空航天应用中，并且包括其上结合有一自润滑衬垫环的带凸缘的衬套。该部件基于一件件地制造加工且较小，大约4mm高，且具有大约20mm长、16mm宽的倒圆的矩形基底。
一旦已经加工出带凸缘的衬套以提供具有中心孔的、从周围凸缘表面竖起的套管，则自润滑衬垫环就被切成合适的尺寸并结合到该凸缘表面上。必须非常小心以确保恒定且一致的压力施加到衬垫上，以在衬垫和凸缘表面之间产生良好的粘接结合。在完成结合后，必须修整自润滑衬垫环的外边缘，以确保衬垫不具有伸出超过凸缘表面的边缘的部分，从而确保衬垫边缘不会出现磨损。必须的是，衬垫边缘要完全恰好地结合到凸缘表面的边缘上。
通过制造这样的小件，难以保持成品的良好质量。该制造过程为劳动密集型，包括很多步骤且也很昂贵。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进上述缺点。
因此，本发明的一个方面提供了一种由坯料制造衬套的方法，包括步骤：提供一坯料，该坯料具有待加衬垫(lined)的表面和至少一个从该表面竖起的套管；提供一具有孔的衬垫；将该衬垫中的孔定位在套管周围，从而该衬垫位于所述表面上；以及在套管周围对坯料进行冲压，以提供带衬垫和凸缘的衬套。
优选的是，所述冲压步骤包括切穿所述衬垫然后进入坯料的至少一部分的步骤。
附图说明
为了更容易地理解本发明，下面将参照附图以示例的方式描述本发明的实施例，在附图中：
图1是根据实现本发明的方法制造的带凸缘的衬套的平面图；
图2是沿着线A-A剖取的、图1的衬套的剖视图；
图3是钢坯材料的平面图，加工该钢坯以提供竖起套管的阵列；
图4是与图3的钢坯一起使用的自润滑衬垫的平面图；
图5是与图3的钢坯对齐的图4的衬垫的平面图，并显示了用于单个衬套的预期冲压线；以及
图6是图2的衬套的细节。
具体实施方式
参见图1和图2，在这种情况下，实现本发明的带凸缘的衬套1构成为吹风板衬套，并包括由凸缘3包围的套管2。该套管2和凸缘3在平面图中基本为矩形，该矩形的角部如图1所示被倒圆。中心孔4延伸通过套管2。
自润滑衬垫环5(例如，富含金属网或由树脂加强的塑料网的PTFE)座靠在围绕套管2的凸缘表面6上。套管2穿过在衬垫材料环中的孔7。在套管2和衬垫5之间有间隙8。衬垫5粘接结合到凸缘表面6上。
实现本发明的用于制造如图1和图2所示的衬套的方法包括以下步骤。首先，切割钢棒以提供钢坯10，该钢坯10将提供坯料，在本示例中，实现本发明的方法由该坯料将提供十个带凸缘的衬套1。
参见图3，加工钢坯10的一个表面，以横过钢坯10的该表面形成矩形阵列的十个竖起套管2。穿过每个套管2加工中心孔4。另外，通过钢坯10钻出一对定位孔11。定位孔11设在不同的径向轴线上，从而不会关于钢坯10的任何轴线彼此对称。
现在参见图4，提供一张自润滑衬垫5，在该衬垫5中切出十个孔7，这些孔7的尺寸设为以间隙8环绕各套管2。在衬垫中的孔7布置在该张衬垫中，以与钢坯10上的套管2对准。
衬垫5也设有两个定位孔12，当套管2穿过衬垫5中的它们所对应的孔7时，定位孔12趋于与钢坯10上的定位孔11对准。
将粘合剂施加到衬垫5上，且钢坯表面或衬垫5可以包括在衬垫5的表面上面对钢坯10表面的自粘接表面。
定位销13位于定位孔11中，且衬垫5被放置于钢坯10上方，使定位销13与定位孔12对准，直到衬垫座靠在钢坯10的表面上且套管2通过衬垫5中的孔7伸出。
衬垫5和钢坯10被压在一起，并且在衬垫5的大表面区域上施加一致且恒定的压力，以将衬垫5和钢坯10推在一起，从而确保在衬垫5和钢坯10之间在钢坯的整个表面区域上良好地粘接结合。与在单个带凸缘的衬套1上的衬垫环上施加压力相比较，在钢坯10的包括多个套管2阵列的相对较大表面区域上更易于提供一致的压力。
现在参见图5，将钢坯10和衬垫5放在冲压机中，该冲压机被布置成从钢坯10同时冲出十个带凸缘的衬套1。在图5中，在每个套管2周围绘制有虚线14。该虚线包括了冲压线14或该冲压机将作出的切割线，其有效地成为各带凸缘的衬套1的轮廓线14。
从带凸缘的衬套1的轮廓线14冲出并去掉钢坯10的其余表面，从而留下了带凸缘的衬套1。该冲压机首先切穿衬垫5，然后切割将包括凸缘3的材料，从而在该凸缘表面的边缘处有衬垫5的压缩元件(element)，且实际上冲压或压印步骤的剪切作用在衬垫5和凸缘3之间在冲压线14处形成了机械结合，因此确保衬垫5在凸缘的边缘周围完全结合在凸缘上。
冲压操作意味着不再需要以前用于生成传统面板衬套的制造步骤，即，在凸缘的边缘周围修整衬垫5并从衬垫和凸缘的边缘之间去掉多余的粘合剂。该冲压或压印步骤的剪切作用意味着，该衬垫相对于凸缘3的边缘被整齐地修整，并且如图6所示尤其当在该衬垫5中使用金属网时，在衬垫5与凸缘3之间在凸缘3的边缘周围的接触点处具有在衬垫5和凸缘3之间的机械结合元件15。
使用冲压技术(其中，衬垫已经预施加到钢坯上)的另一个优点是，与仅施加在单个衬套1上相比较，压力能够在钢坯10的包括多个衬套1的大表面区域上更加一致地施加到衬垫上。
还有一个优点，即，从合理尺寸(如果不太大)的钢坯制造衬套，这从在单独的一件件的基础上制造衬套的操作角度来看是尤为优选的。
在本说明书中“包括”的意思是“包含或由...组成”。

Claims (16)

1、一种由坯料制造衬套的方法，包括步骤：
提供一坯料，该坯料具有待加衬垫的表面和至少一个从该表面竖起的套管；
提供一具有孔的衬垫；
将该衬垫中的孔定位在套管周围，从而使该衬垫座靠在所述表面上；以及
在套管周围对坯料进行冲压，以提供带有衬垫和凸缘的衬套。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述冲压步骤包括切穿所述衬垫然后进入坯料的至少一部分的步骤。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述冲压步骤包括完全切穿坯料的步骤。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，从坯料设有衬垫的一侧冲压该坯料。
5、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在冲压前将所述衬垫结合到所述表面上。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在冲压前向所述衬垫施加压力，以有助于将该衬垫一致地结合到所述表面上。
7、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在套管周围的所述衬垫与套管相隔一间隙。
8、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，多个套管设在所述坯料上，且所述衬垫设有至少相应数量的孔，其中所述孔位于相应的套管周围，从而所述衬垫位于所述表面上，且对于所有的套管同时进行所述在套管周围冲压坯料以提供带凸缘的衬套的步骤，以通过一次冲压操作提供多个带衬垫和凸缘的衬套。
9、如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述套管以规则的阵列设在坯料上。
10、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述提供一坯料的步骤中，所述坯料被加工以提供所述或每个套管，所述或每个套管具有在其中加工的中心孔。
11、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述坯料是由棒料加工成的钢坯。
12、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，对于所述或每个带凸缘的衬套，所述冲压步骤在衬垫的边缘和凸缘的边缘之间提供了机械结合。
13、一种带凸缘的衬套，包括：具有凸缘的套管，该凸缘提供了围绕该套管的凸缘表面；以及具有孔的衬垫，该套管通过该孔定位，其中，在凸缘表面和衬垫之间具有粘接结合，且在衬垫的外边缘和凸缘的边缘之间具有机械结合。
14、如权利要求13所述的带凸缘的衬套，其特征在于，所述衬垫包括金属网。
15、如权利要求13或14所述的带凸缘的衬套，其特征在于，所述衬垫是自润滑衬垫。
16、如权利要求13或14所述的带凸缘的衬套，其特征在于，所述衬套是经冲压衬套。
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GB (2) GB2399868B (zh)
WO (1) WO2004085090A1 (zh)

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CN103008985B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-03-25 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 密封衬套制造工艺
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CN109420875A (zh) * 2017-08-19 2019-03-05 嘉善安必兴精密机械有限公司 一种轴承衬套的加工方法
CN109746638A (zh) * 2018-01-22 2019-05-14 天津市元远合成科技发展有限公司 一种提高衬套内圆精度工艺
CN110026747A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2019-07-19 无锡亿锞精密机械有限公司 高精密度非标衬套加工工艺

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ATE390226T1 (de) 2008-04-15
EP1606068A1 (en) 2005-12-21
GB2399868A (en) 2004-09-29
GB2399867A (en) 2004-09-29
GB0402248D0 (en) 2004-03-03
GB0307120D0 (en) 2003-04-30
JP2006525122A (ja) 2006-11-09
GB2399867B (en) 2005-02-23
DE602004012716D1 (de) 2008-05-08
US7752756B2 (en) 2010-07-13
GB2399868B (en) 2005-05-18
EP1606068B1 (en) 2008-03-26
WO2004085090A1 (en) 2004-10-07
US20060174485A1 (en) 2006-08-10
CN1750893A (zh) 2006-03-22

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