CN1323514A

CN1323514A - Soil-less roof of building greening method

Info

Publication number: CN1323514A
Application number: CN01114900A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪厚山; 舒全洲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-07-09
Filing date: 2001-07-09
Publication date: 2001-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-09
Also published as: CN1143612C

Abstract

This invnetion discloses a method to make green on roof of buildings without soil. It is realized by using blocks of polystyrene foam plate as corrier, using sawdust, bran, plant humus of fertilizer as organic base manure to provide nutriment for plants, using and pottery and porcelain or grit as inorganic base medium to make root system of plant fixed. The weight ratio between inorgamic medium and organic medium is 70-95:5-30. This method has solved the problems about poor performance of keeping moisture and maintaining the manure and high cost when make green on existing building roof. This invention has advantages as following: good technical effect, convenient to use, easy to implement, without pollution and soil disease, so, it can be widely applied to virescence to the building roof without soil.

Description

A kind of method of soil-less roof of building greening

The present invention relates to a kind of method of soil-less roof of building greening.

In the prior art, existing various methods at soil-less roof of building greening, a kind of is that roof large tracts of land kind flowers and plants adopt the slot type bed promptly to be built into shallow slot with fragment of brick, flitch or rigid plastics frame more, Shop is with the band soil matrix in Cao, this seedbed is provided with difficulty, and the soil moisture conservation nutrient preserving capability can be poor, is unfavorable for plant growing.In addition, the stromal thickness of said method is generally more than 10 centimetres, as selects organic substrate for use, and then because of its weight is lighter, assembly property is poor, and fixedly the effect of root system of plant is extremely undesirable, and plant lodging phenomenon easily takes place; As select inorganic matrixes such as gravel, haydite for use, then heavier because of its weight, non-general roof can bear.The disclosed soilless culture method of CN87102987A patent application document needs special-purpose fertilizers for potted flowers, and floriculture and management are all more loaded down with trivial details, are not suitable for soil-less roof of building greening.

The object of the present invention is to provide simple, pollution-free, the no soil disease of a kind of method, fertile effective, the easy enforcement of soil moisture conservation guarantor and greening plate to be easy to the soil-less roof of building greening method of carrying and removing.

In order to achieve the above object; the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of method of soil-less roof of building greening; with the plastic foamboard is carrier; with organic matter; fertilizer and sand grains provide nutrient and fixing root system of plant for matrix to plant; seedling or cultivating seeds greenbelt with fibrous root class flowers and shallow root system list leaf plant; the present invention adopts the polystyrene foam plate of lump zone shrinkage pool or groove to make carrier; use sawdust; the bran chaff; the mixture of one of rotten body of plant or fertilizer or its any component and arbitrary proportion is made organic substrate and is provided nutrient for plant; it with porosity 30%～85% sand grains; the mixture of one of pottery grain or gravel or its any component and arbitrary proportion is made fixedly root system of plant of inorganic matrix; in the weight ratio of inorganic matrix and organic substrate is that 70%～95%: 5%～30% ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with the two; it is inserted in the shrinkage pool or groove of carrier; plant the seedling of plant in the shallow surface of mixed carrier or spill the seed of plant and obtain the greening plate, again bulk is afforested the plate amalgamation through cultivating.In implementing process of the present invention, can manufacture and intercept arbitrarily the XPS carrier of lump zone shrinkage pool or groove by structure illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the size of shrinkage pool or groove, the degree of depth and density are looked cultivation different plant and different, thickness of slab is generally 3～10 centimetres and all can, factors such as the needs of the visual green space of plate face size and convenient in carrying intercept arbitrarily, the polystyrene foam plate carrier has increased 40～50 times by polystyrene resin pellet volume after foaming, have very high retaining and permeability, and have heat insulation, advantages such as water-fast and acid and alkali-resistance are particularly suitable for as the greening plate.The density of the sawdust that the present invention is used is about 0.19g/cm ³, the total void rate is about 78.3%, in the course of cultivation, can constantly decompose the nutriment that provides plant required, has ventilative preferably, water retention property simultaneously; The density of bran chaff is about 0.15g/cm ³, the total void rate is about 82.5%, has advantages such as moisture capacity is strong, good permeability, light weight, and contains multiple nutrient.Use sawdust, bran chaff and rotten body of plant to make organic substrate and provide nutrition, can reach the purpose of twice laid as plant.

The present invention's technical scheme preferably can be: the inorganic matrix in the mixed carrier and the weight ratio of organic substrate can be 70～95: 5～30, but preferentially select 87～92: 8～13 ratio for use, in the scope of this ratio, both can enough nutriments be provided and reduce fertilizer application frequency to plant, has preferably the fixedly effect of root system of plant again, have moisture capacity, gas permeability preferably simultaneously, plant grew well and can not lodging.When inorganic matrix was too high, though plant is difficult for lodging, the water retention property of whole matrix was poor, and offers the nutrient deficiency of plant, can increase the fertilizer application frequency after the cultivation.Otherwise when organic matrix was too high, the permeability of whole matrix may be relatively poor, and fixedly the effect of root system of plant is relatively poor, and plant lodges easily.

The present invention's technical scheme preferably also can be: described fibrous root class flowers and shallow root system list leaf plant are adopted the turfgrass layer, this is because the turfgrass layer not only has fabulous greening and shaded effects, and be easy to plant, evergreen all the year round and convenient management, being easy to carrying simultaneously, is the optimal selection of soil-less roof of building greening.

The present invention's technical scheme preferably can be again: it is the sand grains of 0.5～2.0mm that inorganic matrix adopts particle diameter, and the pH value of sand grains is near neutral, and its permeability is good, and density is about 1.49g/cm ³, the sand grains that the total void rate is about 30.5%, 0.5～2.0mm particle diameter has suitable voidage, is used with organic matter, has suitable breathable energy and water retention property concurrently, and can be effectively fixing root system of plant, prevent the plant lodging.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following tangible advantage: 1, technique effect is good: adopt the polystyrene foam plate carrier, and use the organic-inorganic mixed-matrix, carrier has good retaining, soil moisture conservation, guarantor's fertilizer and gas permeability, its bubble grain is soft, being convenient to root system of plant penetrates, and it is ageing-resistant and be difficult for hardening, has the advantage that carrier matrix has concurrently, organic-inorganic mixed-matrix dish joint in the hole (ditch) of greening plate forms a plurality of " coagulation posts ", can make carrier overall enhanced anti-pressure ability, be not afraid of people and animals and trample on long service life; 2, easy to use, easy to implement: because of carrier is block combination, it is in light weight, the not enough 50Kg/m of the gross weight of carrier, matrix, plant and moisture content ²So, be easy to carrying, remove and construction, be particularly suitable for not having the soil greening at roof; 3, the present invention adopts sawdust, bran chaff and rotten body of plant to make organic substrate and provides nutrition for plant, and not only pollution-free and soil disease can also reach the purpose of twice laid.

Below be drawing explanation of the present invention: Fig. 1 is the structural representation of carrier, and Fig. 2 is the generalized section of carrier, among the figure: the 1st, carrier, the 2nd, the matrix hole, the 3rd, the matrix in the matrix hole, the 4th, plant, the carrier shown in the figure is block.

Below by specific embodiment the present invention is described below in greater detail:

Embodiment 1

With area is 1m ²Thickness is that the polystyrene foam plate of the lump zone shrinkage pool of 40cm is made carrier, making organic substrate with sawdust and fertilizers for potted flowers, is that 31% sand grains is made inorganic matrix with porosity, and in sand grains: sawdust: the weight ratio of fertilizers for potted flowers is that 70: 25: 5 ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with the three, it is inserted in the shrinkage pool of carrier, Shop plants the lawn turf in mixed carrier table face, the spray low amounts of water, and lawn, week back turf is turned green, its growth of seedling is luxuriant, and several piece is afforested the plate amalgamation.

Embodiment 2

With area is 1m ²Thickness is that the polystyrene foam plate of the lump zone groove of 85cm is made carrier, use the bran chaff, mashed leaf and fertilizers for potted flowers are made organic substrate, with porosity is that 78% pottery grain is made inorganic matrix, in ceramic: the bran chaff: mashed leaf: the weight ratio of fertilizers for potted flowers is 94: 2: 3: 1 ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with four, it is inserted in the groove of carrier, the seed Zai Shop that sprinkles " kaffir lily " in the mixed carrier surface adds the skim organic substrate, the spray low amounts of water is watered water one time about 3 days, expose radicle after 12 days in 25～30 ℃ of environment, grow coleoptile after 30 days, 80 days left and right sides seedling first leaves grow the back and divide basin.

Embodiment 3

With area is 1m ²Thickness is that the polystyrene foam plate of the lump zone shrinkage pool of 60cm is made carrier, making organic substrate with sawdust and mashed straw, is that 83% pottery grain is made inorganic matrix with porosity, and by the pottery grain: sawdust: the weight ratio of straw of rotting is that 80: 15: 5 ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with the three, it is inserted in the shrinkage pool of carrier, Shop plants the lawn turf in mixed carrier table face, the spray low amounts of water, and lawn, week back turf is turned green, its growth of seedling is luxuriant, and several piece is afforested the plate amalgamation.

Embodiment 4

With area is 1m ²Thickness is that the polystyrene foam plate of the lump zone shrinkage pool of 50cm is made carrier, make organic substrate with bran chaff and fertilizers for potted flowers, with porosity is that 31% sand grains is made inorganic matrix, in sand grains: the bran chaff: the weight ratio of fertilizers for potted flowers is that 88: 10: 2 ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with the three, it is inserted in the shrinkage pool of carrier, Shop plants the lawn turf in mixed carrier table face, the spray low amounts of water, lawn, one week back turf is turned green, and its growth of seedling is luxuriant, and several piece is afforested the plate amalgamation, the growing way of comprehensive lawn turf, water, fertilising and management are assessed, and more aforementioned three embodiment of present embodiment omit.

Claims

1; a kind of method of soil-less roof of building greening; with the plastic foamboard is carrier; with organic matter; fertilizer and sand provide nutrient and fixing root system of plant for matrix to plant; seedling or cultivating seeds greenbelt with fibrous root class flowers and shallow root system list leaf plant; it is characterized in that: adopt the polystyrene foam plate of lump zone shrinkage pool or groove to make carrier; use sawdust; the bran chaff; the mixture of one of rotten body of plant or fertilizer or its any component and arbitrary proportion is made organic substrate and is provided nutrient for plant; it with porosity 30%～85% sand grains; the mixture of one of pottery grain or gravel or its any component and arbitrary proportion is made fixedly root system of plant of inorganic matrix; in the weight ratio of inorganic matrix and organic substrate is that 70～95: 5～30 ratio fully is mixed into mixed carrier with the two; it is inserted in the shrinkage pool or groove of carrier; plant the seedling of plant in the shallow surface of mixed carrier or spill the seed of plant and obtain the greening plate, again bulk is afforested the plate amalgamation through cultivating.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the inorganic matrix in the mixed carrier and the weight ratio of organic substrate are 87～92: 8～13.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fibrous root class flowers and shallow root system list leaf plant are adopted the turfgrass layer.

4, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: it is the sand grains of 0.5～2.0mm that inorganic matrix adopts particle diameter.