CN1315569C - 巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1315569C
CN1315569C CNB200410084394XA CN200410084394A CN1315569C CN 1315569 C CN1315569 C CN 1315569C CN B200410084394X A CNB200410084394X A CN B200410084394XA CN 200410084394 A CN200410084394 A CN 200410084394A CN 1315569 C CN1315569 C CN 1315569C
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sulphydryl
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CN1631519A (zh
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施文健
闻海峰
杨瑶
俞芸
任防振
杨森
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种应用于富集、分离环境水体中重金属离子,用巯基纤维素修饰固体吸附材料的制备方法。制备工艺由巯基纤维素溶液的制备、用巯基纤维素溶液对固体吸附材料的修饰、材料的洗涤和干燥工序组成。本发明的特征是先制备巯基纤维素溶液,然后,用巯基纤维素溶液对固体吸附材料表面进行修饰,其优点是大大缩短了制备巯基吸附材料的时间。

Description

巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法。具体地说,涉及一种应用于富集、分离环境水体中重金属离子,用巯基纤维素修饰活性碳吸附材料的制备方法。
背景技术
巯基纤维素应用于分析化学,对水中多种微量元素进行富集、分离已有20多年的历史,其特点是既能对重金属离子定量吸附,又可根据不同元素被结合强度不同,利用不同的洗脱液将共存金属离子相互分离。目前市场上没有商品化巯基纤维素,而合成巯基纤维素耗时48-96小时,给使用者带来不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够克服上述现有技术的弊端,使用性能优越的用巯基纤维素修饰的活性碳吸附材料的快速制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是:将现有技术在纤维素酯化时采用固液二相反应改变为单一均相反应,以大大加快酯化反应速度;酯化物溶液不经过后处理,立即对活性碳吸附材料表面进行修饰,具体的技术方案为巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法,其特征在于,制备工艺由巯基纤维素溶液的制备、用巯基纤维素溶液对活性炭的修饰、材料的洗涤和干燥工序组成;
所述的巯基纤维素溶液的制备过程中采用了高比例的乙酸酐,溶液组成的重量百分比为:
棉花        2.0-6.0%
巯基乙酸    25-35%
乙酸酐      52.5-70.9%
冰醋酸      2.0-6.0%
硫酸        0.1-0.5%;
所述的用巯基纤维素溶液对活性炭的修饰是把活性炭浸泡于巯基纤维素溶液中,30℃-40℃温度下浸泡30分种。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
500毫升磨口广口瓶中加入巯基乙酸30.0克、乙酸酐60.8克、冰醋酸5.0克、浓硫酸0.2克,摇匀后加入脱酯棉4.0克,用玻璃棒轻压棉花使其完全浸没在溶液中,用磨口盖盖紧瓶口。将磨口瓶置于50℃烘箱中保温5小时。从烘箱中取出磨口瓶加入5克活性碳(或分子筛),磁力搅拌5分钟后再将磨口瓶置于35℃烘箱中保温30分钟。从烘箱中取出磨口瓶,用定性滤纸滤去液相。用蒸馏水淋洗固型物直至淋洗液呈中性。巯基纤维素修饰材料可立即使用,也可在近40℃烘箱中烘干后备用。
实现本发明目的进一步描述:
本发明采用高浓度的纤维素活化溶剂—乙酸酐、用冰醋酸替代现有技术中的醋酸水溶液,使纤维素溶解于反应介质成为溶液。酯化反应在单一液相中进行,酯化反应速度大大加快,酯化物的支链分布也更均匀。反应过程中加入少量硫酸可以催化酯化反应并吸收酯化反应所产生的水分子使酯化反应平衡向生成物方向移动。酯化液不经过后处理,直接用于对活性碳吸附材料表面进行修饰,这样有助于巯基纤维素均匀地向多孔材料内部的渗透和吸附,并且大大简化了修饰过程。对经过巯基纤维素修饰的活性炭的吸附重金属离子(Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+)和洗脱性能进行了测试:用1克巯基纤维素修饰的活性炭加入50毫升滴定管中构成吸附柱,含5μg/L重金属离子的中性水溶液1L以10ml/min的流量流经吸附柱,吸附完成后测定流出液中重金属离子的浓度。吸附柱用0.4mol/L稀盐酸20ml淋洗再生,测定淋洗液中重金属离子的浓度。实验结果:吸附柱截留了98%以上的所试离子;0.4mol/L稀盐酸可将所试离子完全洗脱。实验结果表明,巯基纤维素修饰材料与巯基纤维素性能相似,对环境水体中重金属离子同样具有良好的富集、分离能力。
本发明提供了一种巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法,制备方法简便、快速。巯基纤维素修饰材料的吸附、洗脱性能完全能满足分析化学对环境中痕量重金属离子的富集和分离要求。

Claims (1)

1.巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法,其特征在于,制备工艺由巯基纤维素溶液的制备、用巯基纤维素溶液对活性炭的修饰、材料的洗涤和干燥工序组成;
所述的巯基纤维素溶液的制备过程中采用了高比例的乙酸酐,溶液组成的重量百分比为:
棉花      2.0-6.0%
巯基乙酸  25-35%
乙酸酐    52.5-70.9%
冰醋酸    2.0-6.0%
硫酸      0.1-0.5%;
所述的用巯基纤维素溶液对活性炭的修饰是把活性炭浸泡于巯基纤维素溶液中,30℃-40℃温度下浸泡30分种。
CNB200410084394XA 2004-11-22 2004-11-22 巯基纤维素修饰材料的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1315569C (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101787654B (zh) * 2010-01-26 2012-03-21 浙江大学 一种重金属离子富集纤维素材料的制备方法,及重金属离子的吸附方法
CN102360659A (zh) * 2011-06-24 2012-02-22 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 磁性亚微米复合核壳颗粒及其制备方法和应用
RU2471721C1 (ru) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановский государственный химико-технологический университет" Способ модифицирования сорбентов на основе целлюлозы
CN103071462A (zh) * 2013-02-28 2013-05-01 南京工业大学 一种改性花生壳Hg(II)吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
CN104368316B (zh) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-04 辽宁大学 一种巯基纤维素类秸秆吸附剂及制备方法及对贵金属银的回收
CN105107471B (zh) * 2015-09-14 2017-12-29 内蒙古农业大学 巯基木质纤维素/蒙脱土复合重金属吸附剂及制备与应用
CN105771902A (zh) * 2016-05-27 2016-07-20 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 一种巯基活性炭脱汞剂的制备方法与应用
CN109239060B (zh) * 2018-09-07 2021-02-12 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 水中重金属镉的巯基纸富集、分离比色法测定方法
CN109060792B (zh) * 2018-09-07 2021-02-12 天津市光复科技发展有限公司 巯基纸富集分离比色法测定水中痕量铅的方法
CN111545178A (zh) * 2020-04-15 2020-08-18 济南大学 一种用于分离甜蜜素生物吸附剂的制备方法

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CN1546778A (zh) * 2003-12-02 2004-11-17 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 一种制备巯基棉的方法

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