CN1303026C - 利用黄金尾矿生产的陶瓷色釉及其工艺方法 - Google Patents
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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Abstract
一种利用黄金尾矿生产的陶瓷色釉及其工艺方法，该陶瓷色釉配方是以黄金尾矿中的有效矿物成份，即以Fe2O3、K2O与Na2O的混合物、CaO与MgO的混合料所组成的多种金属氧化物为主要原料，并添加适量显色矿物作为着色原料配制而成，在每100重量份色釉中所含的各金属氧化物原料的重量份之比是：Fe2O为4-6.5∶K2O+Na2O为3-5∶CaO+MgO为7-11。其烧成温度为1100-1280℃，烧成气氛为氧化气氛。与已有技术比较，本发明可合理开发黄金尾矿资源，减少污染，产品无铅、镉溶出，具有无毒害，成份稳定，颜色均匀，光泽度好，易获得高质量的釉面，烧成后颜色独特，遮盖力强，利于用作高档釉料，同时可降低陶瓷企业生产成本。
Description
技术领域：本发明涉及一种陶瓷(色)釉，特别是一种利用黄金尾矿生产的陶瓷色釉及其工艺方法。
背景技术：目前陶瓷企业生产的普通陶瓷色釉其所用配方原料往往含有害的铅丹和镉，且需要添加大量价格高的熔块(釉)及化学原料。如某一栗色釉配方主要原料为锡灰、铅丹、石英、硼砂、熔块(釉)、氧化铁、瓷土、软锰矿等。为了降低生产成本，有利废物利用和改善环境，国外对利用某些尾矿和炉渣制造陶瓷釉进行过研究，有的进入实用阶段，但那些研究成果只适用于他们国家的矿产资源及炉渣情况。中国专利号为91107157.1的发明专利公开了一种用含钛炉渣制作陶瓷釉的配方，其技术方案主要是在含钛炉渣中加入必要的配合料制得陶瓷钛渣釉，该技术可取代乳浊釉，加入色釉后能得到各种彩色的艺术装饰釉，施用于陶瓷制品表面烧成后可提高陶瓷制成品的商品档次，还有利于消除因大量排放钛渣造成的环境污染。但以黄金尾矿生产色釉的技术，却未见到有关文献报道。
发明内容：本发明的目的是提供一种利用黄金尾矿生产的陶瓷色釉及其工艺方法，使得有利于降低陶瓷业的生产成本，还有利于综合利用黄金尾矿资源的有效矿物成份，有利减少尾矿的排放量，减轻环境污染。
本发明是以如下技术方案实现的：本发明色釉的配方是以黄金尾矿中的有效矿物成份，即以Fe2O3、K2O+Na2O(即K2O与Na2O的天然混合矿物)、CaO+MgO(即CaO与MgO的天然混合矿物)所组成的多种金属氧化物为主要原料，并添加适量显色矿物(Fe2O3、MnO)或直接以黄金尾矿矿物原有的氧化铁、锰钛铁矿和金银等微量元素作为着色(发色)原料配制而成，其中，在每100重量份色釉中所含的各金属氧化物原料的重量份之比是：Fe2O3为4-6.5∶K2O+Na2O为3-5∶CaO+MgO为7-11。
当本发明以前述配方的金属氧化物为主要原料和适量着色(发色)原料进行加工时，其工艺步骤主要包括：富集上述有效矿物成份，其中要求Fe2O3富集至4-6.5％、K2O+Na2O富集至3-5％、CaO+MgO富集至7-11％，将所选原料陈腐一段时间(如2个月)，分级提取400目以下矿物搅拌均匀制成初级原料，调整显色矿物成份含量(添加显色矿物成份或直接以黄金尾矿矿物原有的氧化铁、锰钛铁矿和金、银微量元素为着色剂)，球磨混练2-5小时，最佳磨矿浓度为40-60％，脱水烘干即可得合格产品(其烧成温度为1100-1280℃，烧成气氛为氧化气氛)。
本发明的色釉具有如下优点：(1)本工艺生产的色釉SiO2/RO的分子数比为4.6-5.2，釉浆各矿物组成比例合理，有利于坯体的熔质与釉料的混和，使中间层的化学组成和性质逐渐由坯体的组成过渡到釉料的组成，从而减少因性质差异出现的有害应力，减少陶瓷制品缺陷。(2)该色釉粘度适当，悬浮性好，因而符合陶瓷制造工艺，容易获得平滑、光泽的釉面。(3)该工艺生产的釉料研磨得很细，浆料粒度400目以下，各矿物混合十分均匀，促进石英在高温中的转变，并使熔融趋于完全，可减少釉裂倾向。(4)该釉烧制成品后，经检测铅镉溶出量符合GB8051-87标准，符合高级日用陶瓷制品的质量要求，因而对人体无害，适用于日用陶瓷制品。
综上所述，本发明可合理开发黄金尾矿资源，减少污染，同时又将所得产品推广到陶瓷行业，降低陶瓷生产企业成本。本发明具有无毒无害，成份稳定，颜色均匀，光泽度好，易获得高质量的釉面；烧成后颜色独特，遮盖力强，利于用作高档釉料。
具体实施方式：以下是本发明的一种具体生产实施实例(本发明的保护不局限于该实施例)：(1)利用尾矿的物理选矿法分级去除大部分粗粒矿物和单质铁，降低SiO2含量，使Fe2O3富集至4-6.5％、K2O+Na2O为3-5％、CaO+MgO为7-11％。(2)将所选原料陈腐2个月，以提高粘性矿物的含量。(3)分取400目以下矿物，并搅拌均匀，制成均一的初级原料。(4)根据化验分析结果计算添加显色矿物(如Fe2O3、MnO)及影响烧成温度的矿物(如添加钾长石、粘土矿物)，进行球磨混炼3-4小时；最佳磨矿浓度为50％，以得到性质细度均稳定的产品。(5)脱水即可得合格产品。
本发明烧成气氛为氧化气氛，温度1100-1280℃，适用于建陶、精细炻器的釉料。
Claims (2)
1、一种利用黄金尾矿生产的陶瓷色釉，其特征是该陶瓷色釉的配方是以黄金尾矿中的有效矿物成份，即以Fe2O3、K2O+Na2O、CaO+MgO的混合料所组成的多种金属氧化物为主要原料，并添加适量显色矿物或直接以黄金尾矿矿物原有的氧化铁、锰钛铁矿和金银微量元素作为着色原料配制而成，其中，在每100重量份色釉中所含的各金属氧化物原料的重量份之比是：Fe2O3为4-6.5∶K2O+Na2O为3-5∶CaO+MgO为7-11。
2、一种如权利要求1所述的陶瓷色釉的生产工艺，其特征在于其配方是以黄金尾矿中的有效矿物成份，即以Fe2O3、K2O与Na2O、CaO与MgO的混合料组成的金属氧化物为主要原料和添加适量显色矿物配制而成，其工艺步骤主要包括：利用物理选矿法分级去除大部分粗粒矿物和单质铁，降低SiO2含量以富集上述有效矿物成份，其中要求Fe2O3富集至4-6.5％，K2O+Na2O富集至3-5％，CaO+MgO富集至7-11％，将所选原料陈腐一段时间，分级提取400目以下矿物搅拌均匀制成初级原料，调整显色矿物成份含量，球磨混练2-5小时，磨矿浓度为40-60％，脱水烘干即可得合格产品。
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| CN1303026C true CN1303026C (zh) | 2007-03-07 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103145449B (zh) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-05-28 | 北京科技大学 | 一种将铁尾矿制备成陶瓷熔块釉的方法 |
| CN103304270B (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-24 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种利用金矿尾砂制备陶瓷釉料的方法 |
| CN104961501B (zh) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-06-16 | 陈文源 | 利用锰矿尾矿渣为主要原料制备的黑釉瓷 |
| CN107117818B (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2023-06-20 | 福建省德化云水窑陶瓷有限公司 | 引入黄金尾矿配置的中温饱和气泡釉陶瓷及其制作工艺 |
| CN108623163A (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-10-09 | 赵红刚 | 一种钧瓷釉 |
| CN111516113B (zh) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-08-31 | 丽水古唐瓷业有限公司 | 一种金矿尾矿粉制备中高档陶瓷的加工设备 |
| CN116589184B (zh) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-12-29 | 武汉山羽新材料科技有限公司 | 一种陶瓷釉料及其制备工艺 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87102805A (zh) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-11-02 | 蒋优才 | 一种陶瓷釉的制造方法及其产品 |
| RO100126A2 (ro) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-08-13 | Inst Cercetari Stiintifice | Compozitie de glazura ceramica antistatica |
| CN1331059A (zh) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-16 | 云南大学 | 一种抗菌日用瓷制品 |
| CN1336346A (zh) * | 2000-08-08 | 2002-02-20 | 淄博泰山瓷业有限公司 | 强化钙镁瓷 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87102805A (zh) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-11-02 | 蒋优才 | 一种陶瓷釉的制造方法及其产品 |
| RO100126A2 (ro) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-08-13 | Inst Cercetari Stiintifice | Compozitie de glazura ceramica antistatica |
| CN1331059A (zh) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-16 | 云南大学 | 一种抗菌日用瓷制品 |
| CN1336346A (zh) * | 2000-08-08 | 2002-02-20 | 淄博泰山瓷业有限公司 | 强化钙镁瓷 |
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