CN1288654A - Water retaining and antifreezing treatment of overwintering grapevine - Google Patents
Water retaining and antifreezing treatment of overwintering grapevine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1288654A CN1288654A CN 99120516 CN99120516A CN1288654A CN 1288654 A CN1288654 A CN 1288654A CN 99120516 CN99120516 CN 99120516 CN 99120516 A CN99120516 A CN 99120516A CN 1288654 A CN1288654 A CN 1288654A
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Abstract
Before severe winter the grapevine is uniformly and completely spray-coated with water-retaining antifreezing agent made up by using wax substance, resin, mineral oil and/or vegetable oil, compound emulsifier and water so as to make grape safety pass the winter in the open, and raise grape planting technique and reduce grape production cost.
Description
The present invention relates to the survive the winter water retaining and antifreezing treatment of method, particularly overwintering grapevine of water retaining and antifreezing of a kind of crops.
Grape class plant is loose because of its epidermal tissue, and pore is big, and the Winter-Spring very easily is subjected to climatic effect period, and frostbite or air-dry phenomenon take place.Especially the most of local climates of northern China then usually are that arid is windy, and the frostbite of grape class plant, air-dry injury phenomenon are more serious.Grape vine branch safe overwintering is a most important problem during grape is produced, and also is one of reason of restriction wine-growing technology raising.
For grape vine being avoided in the Winter-Spring period or influenced by cold, arid climate, most wine-growing persons adopt in period early winter the grape vine undercarriage to be digged pit and bury soil, and the processing method that be unearthed and put on the shelf again spring again is to guarantee the grape vine safe overwintering.This original wintering method exists the effort of taking a lot of work, and the labour uses concentrated, and labour intensity is big, the problem that has high input.And also defectiveness of method itself, early winter autumn Mo, the grape undercarriage buried soil period, if bury soil too early, influenced the growth of plant; Bury soil too late, freeze in case lower the temperature greatly, grape buries native processing and will be difficult to carry out.Unearthed the putting on the shelf period of grape in spring, if the time of being unearthed too early, it is air-dry that grape vine may dehydration take place, or cold in the late spring freeze injury phenomenon, if the time of being unearthed too late, the rotten problem of young shoot may take place then.This way is subjected to the influence of climatic factor very big.Other processing method, as use the ribbon heater to heat the method for preventing grape vine generation freeze injury by logical low tension, or use plastic tunnel resistance to colds, prevent the method for grape vine generation dehydration, frostbite, all can only use on a small scale, and cost is too high, can not use in large tracts of land wine-growing garden.
The patent R935051 of the former Soviet Union introduces to explore and did with maleic acid hydrazine or siloxanes, sprays the cloth branches and leaves period at grape maturity, to improve the anti-low temperature ability of grape.This method effect is also not obvious, still needs other method, as buries soil processing etc., just can pass the winter safely.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of grape vine that makes and realize that winter, outdoor safety was survived the winter, reduce wine-growing person's labour intensity and production cost, improve the method for wine-growing technology.
Method of the present invention is: the even complete spraying of water retaining and antifreezing agent of being made by Wax, resin, mineral oil or vegetable oil, compound emulsifying agent, water etc. of grape vine branch, just can survive the winter by safety open air before entering severe cold season.Use the grape vine branch of the inventive method outdoor wintering preferably to prune by the long cane pruning method, root buries a little soil.
The composition of the water retaining and antifreezing agent that the inventive method is used is: (percentage by weight)
4～16% Waxes
3～14% mineral oil or vegetable oil
3～15% resins
2～8% compound emulsifying agents
0～5% poising agent
0～0.5% plant growth regulator
45～85% water
It is 52～60 ℃ paraffin, montan wax that above-mentioned Wax is selected from fusing point, and dropping point is 67～80 ℃ a ceresine, castor wax, palm wax, insect wax etc., also two or more mixture in them, and its content is preferably 5～8%.
Above-mentioned mineral oil or vegetable oil are selected from white oil, machinery oil, castor oil, turpentine wet goods, and the also mixture of two or more in them, its content is preferably 3～6%.
Above-mentioned resin can be that natural resin also can be a synthetic resin, as rosin, shellac, gum Arabic, Petropols, polyisobutene, polyvinyl acetate, poly-propionamides etc. also can be their two or more mixtures, and its content is preferably 6～15%.
Above-mentioned compound emulsifying agent is the compound emulsifying agent of anion surfactant or cationic surfactant and non-ionic surface active agent.Wherein anion surfactant is saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salt, and cationic surfactant is triethanolamine stearate, morpholine etc., and non-ionic surface active agent is C
6～C
24Fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate or C
6～C
24Fatty acid and ethylene oxide condensate are formed.Its content is preferably 2～4%.
For reaching best result of use, or use in areas such as the North of North China that mean temperature of air is lower in the winter time, northeast, northwest, be preferably in and add 0.1～0.5% plant growth regulator and 2～5% poising agent in the water retaining and antifreezing agent, plant growth regulator can be N dimethylamine base succinamic acid or its salt, N-dimethyl maleamic acid or its salt etc., and poising agent can be C
6～C
24Fatty acid.The plant growth regulator preferred content is 0.2～0.4% by weight.
The preparation method of the employed grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the inventive method is: the material of getting beyond dewatering by proportioning joins reactor, slowly be heated to 110～130 ℃, mix reaction 40～60 minutes, the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 80～95 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred, constant 20～40 minutes, handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator at last, promptly is grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the present invention.
The grape vine water-retaining antifreezer that the inventive method is used selects for use the emulsion particle of pertroleum wax, natural and/or synthetic resin, mineral and vegetable oil, compound emulsifying agent preparation tiny evenly, has good stability.Select for use Wax to be to increase the thickness of surface coverage film, select shellac for use, Petropols, materials such as polyvinyl acetate benefit the adhesiveness that improved preparation and the toughness of surface coverage film, guarantee the retention time of preparation on the tree body.Adding fatty acid can further promote emulsion particle to be uniformly dispersed, and improves its stability.Add suitable plant growth regulator, can improve the freezing tolerance of grape vine, plant growth regulator adds in the water retaining and antifreezing agent, can prolong the action time of conditioning agent, make plant whole winter all under its regulating action, guarantee that plant is at safe overwintering in the winter of cold.Application result shows: grape vine spraying said preparation outdoor wintering effect contrasts with burying soil processing method, and the freeze injury index is suitable, and the thing later stage is early stage than burying soil processing method late 5～7 days, the later stage basically identical.
The inventive method can substitute traditional grape vine undercarriage fully and bury indigenous method, compares with burying soil processing method, and cost can descend 40～60%, and greatly reduces labour intensity.Because this method spray cloth work can be finished in a long time, the very high work of closeness is decomposed simultaneously, the wine-growing person is freed from heavy manual labor.
Specify the applicable cases of this method below with embodiment.
Embodiment 1,2
Select for use the well-grown 3 years red queen's grape vines of life to carry out two groups of experiments in apricot village, area, Jinzhou, Dalian.Long cane pruning mid-November (staying 3～4 centimetres than mounding germination branch) is removed and is stuck up skin always more, and rattan branch (comprise and cut saw kerf) all sprays grape vine water-retaining antifreezer on the ground, and makes whole rattan branch spray cloth evenly complete, and root buries a little soil.Investigate the freeze injury situation April in next year, and experimental result is listed in table 3.Employed water retaining and antifreezing agent composition and content (by weight percentage) are listed in table 1.
The composition and the content of table 1 embodiment 1,2 used water retaining and antifreezing agent
Embodiment 3,4
The Wan Li township selects for use the well-grown 3 years huge rich grape vines of life to carry out two groups of experiments in area, Jinzhou, Dalian.Long cane pruning mid-November (staying 3～4 centimetres than mounding germination branch) is removed and is stuck up skin always more, and rattan branch (comprise and cut saw kerf) all sprays the agent of grape water retaining and antifreezing on the ground, and makes whole rattan branch spray cloth evenly complete, and root buries a little soil.Investigate the freeze injury situation April in next year, and result of the test is listed in table 3.Employed water retaining and antifreezing agent composition and content (by weight percentage) are listed in table 2.
Table 2 embodiment 3,4 used water retaining and antifreezing agent composition and content
Comparative Examples 1
Select for use well-grown 3 years huge rich grape vines of life to carry out tradition in Jinzhou, Dalian area Wan Li township and bury soil processing method and survive the winter, the results are shown in table 3.
The huge rich grape spraying water retaining and antifreezing agent freeze injury test situation of table 3
(subzero 18 ℃ of mean winter temperature) is more or less the same with grape vine water-retaining antifreezer spray treatment wintering method and mounding comparative effectiveness above data as can be seen in the area, Dalian, can guarantee the grape vine safe overwintering.
Embodiment 5,6
Select for use well-grown 7 years living muscat grape rattans to carry out two groups of tests in Hangu District Cha Dian township, Tianjin.Late November long cane pruning (staying 3～4 centimetres than mounding germination branch) is removed and is stuck up skin always more, and rattan branch (comprise and cut saw kerf) all sprays the agent of grape water retaining and antifreezing on the ground, and makes whole rattan branch spray cloth evenly complete, and root buries a little soil.Investigate the freeze injury situation April in next year, and result of the test is listed in table 6.The composition and the content (by weight percentage) of the water retaining and antifreezing agent of using are listed in table 4.
The composition and the content of table 4 embodiment 5,6 used water retaining and antifreezing agent
Embodiment 7,8
Select for use well-grown 10 years living muscat grape rattans to carry out two groups of experiments in Wang Dian township, Ninghe County, Tianjin.Late November long cane pruning (staying 3～4 centimetres than mounding germination branch) is removed and is stuck up skin always more, and rattan branch (comprise and cut saw kerf) all sprays the agent of grape water retaining and antifreezing on the ground, and makes whole rattan branch spray cloth evenly complete, and root buries a little soil.Investigate the freeze injury situation April in next year, and result of the test is listed in table 6.The composition and the content (by weight percentage) of the water retaining and antifreezing agent of using are listed in table 5.
Table 5 is implemented the composition and the content of 7,8 used water retaining and antifreezing agent
Comparative Examples 2
Select for use well-grown 7 years living muscat grape rattans to carry out tradition in Hangu District Cha Dian township, Tianjin and bury soil processing method and survive the winter, the results are shown in table 6.
Table 6 muscat grape spraying anti-frost protection agent freeze injury test situation
Above data are basic identical with grape vine water-retaining antifreezer spray treatment wintering method and mounding comparative effectiveness in Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area (subzero 15 ℃ of mean winter temperature) as can be seen, can both guarantee the vine safe overwintering.
The division of freeze injury progression:
0 grade-grape germination branch does not have frostbite, stripping, grows normal;
1 grade-grape germination branch frostbite 1/5;
2 grades-grape germination branch frostbite 2/5;
3 grades-grape germination branch frostbite 1/2;
4 grades-grape germination branch is freezed to death.
The calculating of freeze injury index:
Claims (10)
1, a kind of water retaining and antifreezing treatment of grape vine outdoor wintering, before severe winter the grape vine branch with containing the even complete spraying of water retaining and antifreezing agent that Wax, resin, mineral oil and/or vegetable oil, compound emulsifying agent, water are made.
2, by the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that each components contents is by weight percentage in the described water retaining and antifreezing agent: 4～16% Waxes, 3～14% mineral oil or vegetable oil 3～15% resins 2～8% compound emulsifying agents 0～0.5% plant growth regulator 0～5% poising agent 47～88% water.
3, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that said Wax is: paraffin, ceresine, montan wax, castor wax, palm wax, insect wax or two or more mixture wherein, its content is 5～8% by weight.
4,, it is characterized in that said mineral oil or vegetable oil are by claim 1 or 2 described methods: white oil, machinery oil, castor oil, turpentine oil or two or more mixture wherein, its content is 3～6% by weight.
5, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that said resin is: rosin, shellac, Petropols, gum Arabic, polyisobutene, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-propionamide or two or more mixture wherein, its content is 6～15% by weight.
6, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that said compound emulsifying agent is: anion surfactant or cationic surfactant and non-ionic surface active agent are formed; Wherein anion surfactant is saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salt or sulfonate, cationic surfactant is selected from triethanolamine stearate, morpholine, non-ionic surface active agent is selected from fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate or fatty acid and ethylene oxide condensate, and its content is 2～4% by weight.
7, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that said plant growth regulator is selected from N dimethylamine base succinamic acid or its salt, N-dimethyl maleamic acid or its salt, its content is 0.1～0.5% by weight.
8, by the described method of claim 7, it is characterized in that said plant growth regulator content is 0.2～0.4% by weight.
9, by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that said poising agent is C
6～C
24Fatty acid, its content is 2～5% by weight.
10, by the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the grape vine branch of outdoor wintering is preferably pruned by the long cane pruning method, root buries a little soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120516 CN1115096C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Water retaining and antifreezing treatment of overwintering grapevine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120516 CN1115096C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Water retaining and antifreezing treatment of overwintering grapevine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1288654A true CN1288654A (en) | 2001-03-28 |
| CN1115096C CN1115096C (en) | 2003-07-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120516 Expired - Lifetime CN1115096C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Water retaining and antifreezing treatment of overwintering grapevine |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103621514A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-12 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree anti-freezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103733924A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 陕西开新宇农业科技有限公司 | Multi-functional liquid plant protection film agent |
| CN103788874A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ginseng seed treatment agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105075787A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-25 | 襄汾县科农种植专业合作社 | Water retention anti-freezing agent of grape vine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105237162A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable water-retention and anti-freezing agent preparation method |
| CN105340677A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 丹阳市保得生态农林开发有限公司 | Anti-freezing method for Chinese tallow trees |
| CN108402091A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山市高明区爪和新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of water-saving antitranspirant of plant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108605962A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-10-02 | 葛博文 | A kind of pomegranate antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110835536A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Degradable liquid antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112205180A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cassava seed stem overwintering storage method |
-
1999
- 1999-09-17 CN CN 99120516 patent/CN1115096C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103788874A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ginseng seed treatment agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103788874B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2016-08-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of ginseng seed's inorganic agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103733924A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 陕西开新宇农业科技有限公司 | Multi-functional liquid plant protection film agent |
| CN103621514A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-12 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree anti-freezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105075787A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-25 | 襄汾县科农种植专业合作社 | Water retention anti-freezing agent of grape vine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105237162A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable water-retention and anti-freezing agent preparation method |
| CN105340677A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 丹阳市保得生态农林开发有限公司 | Anti-freezing method for Chinese tallow trees |
| CN108402091A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山市高明区爪和新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of water-saving antitranspirant of plant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108605962A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-10-02 | 葛博文 | A kind of pomegranate antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110835536A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Degradable liquid antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112205180A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cassava seed stem overwintering storage method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1115096C (en) | 2003-07-23 |
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