CN1094035C - Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer and its preparation - Google Patents
Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer and its preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1094035C CN1094035C CN 99120520 CN99120520A CN1094035C CN 1094035 C CN1094035 C CN 1094035C CN 99120520 CN99120520 CN 99120520 CN 99120520 A CN99120520 A CN 99120520A CN 1094035 C CN1094035 C CN 1094035C
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- wax
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- grape vine
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a water-retaining antifreezer for grape vines, which is an emulsion prepared from wax substances, resin, mineral oil, compound emulsifiers, plant growth regulators, water, etc. In early winter, the antifreezer is sprayed on grape vine branches; operation of taking the grape vine branches off trellis and burying the grape vine branches into soil can be eliminated; thus, the grape vine branches can winter safely outdoors in winter, the process of the freeze preventing operation of the grapes is saved, labor cost is reduced, and a grape planting technology is improved.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural water retaining and antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof, water retaining and antifreezing agent of passing the winter especially for grape vine and preparation method thereof.
Grape class plant is loose because of its epidermal tissue, and pore is big, and the Winter-Spring very easily is subjected to climatic effect period, and frostbite or air-dry phenomenon take place.Especially the most of local climates of northern China then usually are that arid is windy, and the frostbite of grape class plant, air-dry injury phenomenon are more serious.Grape vine branch safe overwintering is a most important problem during grape is produced, and also is one of reason of restriction wine-growing technology raising.
For grape vine being avoided in the Winter-Spring period or influenced by cold, arid climate, the most wine-growing persons of China adopt in period early winter the grape vine undercarriage to be digged pit and bury soil, again the processing method that be unearthed and put on the shelf spring again is to guarantee the grape vine safe overwintering.This original wintering method exists the effort of taking a lot of work, and the labour uses concentrated, and labour intensity is big, the problem that has high input.And also defectiveness of method itself, early winter autumn Mo, the grape undercarriage buried soil period, if bury soil too early, influenced the growth of plant; Bury soil too late, freeze in case lower the temperature greatly, grape buries native processing and will be difficult to carry out.Unearthed the putting on the shelf period of grape in spring, if the time of being unearthed too early, it is air-dry that grape vine may dehydration take place, or cold in the late spring freeze injury phenomenon, if the time of being unearthed too late, the rotten problem of young shoot may take place then.This way is subjected to the influence of climatic factor very big.Other processing method, as use the ribbon heater to heat the method for preventing grape vine generation freeze injury by logical low tension, or use plastic tunnel resistance to colds, prevent the method for grape vine generation dehydration, frostbite, all can only use on a small scale, and cost is too high, can not use in large tracts of land wine-growing garden.
The patent R935051 of the former Soviet Union introduces to explore and did with maleic acid hydrazine or siloxanes, sprays the cloth branches and leaves period at grape maturity, to improve the anti-low temperature ability of grape.This method effect is also not obvious, still needs other method, as buries the soil processing and just can pass the winter safely.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of grape vine that makes and realize that winter, outdoor safety was survived the winter, reduce wine-growing person's labour intensity and production cost, improve water retaining and antifreezing agent of wine-growing technology and preparation method thereof.
The protectant composition of grape vine water retaining and antifreezing of the present invention is: (by weight percentage)
4～16% Waxes
3～14% mineral oil or vegetable oil
3～15% resins
2～8% compound emulsifying agents
0.1～0.5% plant growth regulator
55～85% water
It is 52～60 ℃ paraffin, montan wax that Wax described in the water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention is selected from fusing point, dropping point is ceresine, castor wax, palm wax, insect wax of 67～80 ℃ etc., also two or more mixture in them, its content is preferably 5～8%.
Mineral oil described in the water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention or vegetable oil are selected from white oil, machinery oil, castor oil, turpentine wet goods, and the also mixture of two or more in them, its content is preferably 3～6%.
Resin described in the water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention can be that natural resin also can be a synthetic resin, as rosin, shellac, gum Arabic, Petropols, polyisobutene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-propionamide etc., also can be their two or more mixture, its content be preferably 6～15%.
Compound emulsifying agent described in the water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention is the compound emulsifying agent of anion surfactant or cationic surfactant and non-ionic surface active agent.Wherein anion surfactant is saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salt or sulfonate, cationic surfactant is triethanolamine stearate, morpholine etc., and non-ionic surface active agent is fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate or fatty acid and ethylene oxide condensate composition.Its content is preferably 2～4%.Preferred C
6-C
24Fatty alcohol, C
6-C
24Fatty alcohol.
Plant growth regulator described in the water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention is selected from N dimethylamine base succinamic acid or its salt, N-dimethyl maleamic acid or its salt etc., and its content is preferably 0.2～0.4%.
The preparation method of grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the present invention is: the material of getting beyond dewatering by proportioning joins reactor, slowly be heated to 110～130 ℃, mix reaction 40～60 minutes, the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 80～95 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred, constant 20～40 minutes, handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator at last, promptly is grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the present invention.
Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the present invention selects for use the emulsion particle of pertroleum wax, natural and/or synthetic resin, mineral and vegetable oil, compound emulsifying agent preparation tiny evenly, has good stability.Select for use Wax to be to increase the thickness of surface coverage film, select shellac for use, Petropols, materials such as polyvinyl acetate benefit the adhesiveness that improved preparation and the toughness of surface coverage film, guarantee the retention time of preparation on the tree body.Add suitable plant growth regulator, can improve the freezing tolerance of grape vine, promote root of hair, form callus.Plant growth regulator adds in the water retaining and antifreezing agent, can increase the infiltration capacity of growth hormone or hormone substance, prolongs its action time, make plant whole winter all under its regulating action, induce the dormancy of grape bud, guarantee the plant safe overwintering.Application result shows: grape vine spraying said preparation outdoor wintering effect with bury the soil processing method contrast, the freeze injury index is suitable, than mounding late 5～7 days in early days thing later stage, later stage basically identical.
Use water retaining and antifreezing agent of the present invention, can substitute traditional grape vine undercarriage fully and bury indigenous method, compare with burying soil processing method, cost can descend 30～50%, and greatly reduces labour intensity.Because the spray cloth work of water retaining and antifreezing agent can be finished in a long time, the very high work of closeness is decomposed simultaneously, the wine-growing person is freed from heavy manual labor.
Specify the present invention with embodiment below, wherein each is formed by weight.
Embodiment 1
2% paraffin (58 ℃ of fusing points);
3% ceresine (70 ℃ of dropping points);
3% white oil;
5% castor oil;
4% rosin;
4% polyisobutene (molecular weight 7000);
6% polyvinyl acetate;
3% triethanolamine;
4% MOA (fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate);
2% stearic acid;
0.1% N dimethylamine base succinamic acid;
The water of surplus.
The material of getting beyond dewatering by the proportioning of embodiment 1 joins stainless steel reactor; slowly be heated to 120 ℃; mix reaction 60 minutes; the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 90 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred; constant 30 minutes; handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator, promptly is a kind of grape vine anti-frost protection of the present invention agent.
Embodiment 2
5% paraffin (58 ℃ of fusing points);
5% palm wax (three grades);
4% machine oil;
8% turpentine oil;
2% shellac;
0.5% poly-propionamide;
2% Petropols;
1% triethanolamine;
3% MOA (fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate);
3% oleic acid;
0.3% N-dimethyl maleic amide sodium salt;
The water of surplus.
The material of getting beyond dewatering by the proportioning of embodiment 2 joins stainless steel reactor, slowly be heated to 115 ℃, mix reaction 50 minutes, the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 85 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred, constant 20 minutes, handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator, promptly is a kind of grape vine branch water retaining and antifreezing of the present invention agent.
Embodiment 3
4% ceresine (75 ℃ of dropping points);
7% palm wax;
3% castor oil;
2% rosin;
3% shellac;
2% Petropols;
2% polyisobutene;
4% sodium cetanesulfonate;
4% 0-20 (laruyl alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate);
0.2% N dimethylamine base succinamic acid;
The water of surplus.
The material of getting beyond dewatering by the proportioning of embodiment 3 joins stainless steel reactor, slowly be heated to 125 ℃, mix reaction 40 minutes, the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 95 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred, constant 30 minutes, handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator, promptly is a kind of grape vine water-retaining antifreezer of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
2% palm wax (three grades);
3% paraffin (56 ℃ of fusing points);
4% turpentine oil;
2% castor oil;
3% rosin;
2% shellac;
2% polyisobutene (molecular weight 7000);
3% Petropols;
3% neopelex;
2% A-20 (fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate);
2% stearic acid;
0.5% N dimethylamine base succinamic acid;
The water of surplus.
The material of getting beyond dewatering by the proportioning of embodiment 4 joins stainless steel reactor, slowly be heated to 120 ℃, mix reaction 50 minutes, the mixed emulsification of hot water that adds 90 ℃ then under the high-speed stirred, constant 30 minutes, handling through homogenizer, add plant growth regulator, promptly is a kind of grape vine branch water retaining and antifreezing of the present invention agent.
The applicable cases of following result of the test explanation embodiment:
Test in mean winter temperature subzero 18 ℃ area, Jinzhou, Dalian and the subzero 15 ℃ of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area of mean winter temperature and carry out.Select for use the well-grown 3 years huge rich grape vines of life to test in the area, Dalian, select for use well-grown 10 years living muscat grape rattans to make winter test, the results are shown in table 1 in Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area.
Table 1 grape vine spraying water retaining and antifreezing agent freeze injury test situation
| The area | Preparation | Test branch number | Freeze injury progression | The freeze injury index | ||||
| 0 grade | 1 grade | 2 grades | 3 grades | 4 grades | ||||
| Dalian | Embodiment 1 | 55 | 33 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0.18 |
| Embodiment 2 | 22 | 14 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0.17 | |
| Soil is buried in contrast | 22 | 14 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0.18 | |
| Tianjin | Embodiment 3 | 20 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0.14 |
| Embodiment 4 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.17 | |
| Soil is buried in contrast | 21 | 13 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.16 | |
From table data as can be seen, suitable with grape vine water-retaining antifreezer spray treatment wintering method of the present invention in Dalian area with the mounding comparative effectiveness with Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area, can both guarantee the grape vine safe overwintering.
The division of freeze injury progression:
0 grade---grape germination branch does not have frostbite, stripping, grows normal;
1 grade---grape germination branch frostbite 1/5;
2 grades---grape germination branch frostbite 2/5;
3 grades---grape germination branch frostbite 1/2;
4 grades---grape germination branch is freezed to death.
The calculating of freeze injury index:
Claims (6)
1, a kind of grape vine water-retaining antifreezer contains following component, content by weight percentage:
Wax 4～16%,
Mineral or vegetable oil 3～14%,
Resin 3～15%,
Compound emulsifying agent 2～8%,
Plant growth regulator 0.1～0.5%,
Water 55～85%;
Wherein said resin is: rosin, shellac, Petropols, gum Arabic, polyisobutene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-propionamide or two or more mixture wherein; Said compound emulsifying agent is made up of anion surfactant or cationic surfactant and non-ionic surface active agent; Said plant growth regulator is selected from N dimethylamine base succinamic acid or its salt, N-dimethyl maleamic acid or its salt.
2, by the described water retaining and antifreezing agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that said Wax is: paraffin, ceresine, montan wax, castor wax, palm wax, insect wax or two or more mixture wherein, content is 5～8% by weight.
3, by the described water retaining and antifreezing agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that said mineral oil or vegetable oil are: white oil, machinery oil, castor oil, turpentine oil or two or more mixture wherein are 3～6% by weight.
4, by the described water retaining and antifreezing agent of claim 1, the content that it is characterized in that said resin is 6～15%.
5, by the described water retaining and antifreezing agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that said anion surfactant is saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salt or sulfonate, cationic surfactant is selected from triethanolamine stearate, morpholine, non-ionic surface active agent is selected from fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate or fatty acid and ethylene oxide condensate, and its content is 2～4%.
6, by the described water retaining and antifreezing agent of claim 1, the content that it is characterized in that said plant growth regulator is 0.2～0.4%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120520 CN1094035C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer and its preparation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120520 CN1094035C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer and its preparation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1288930A CN1288930A (en) | 2001-03-28 |
| CN1094035C true CN1094035C (en) | 2002-11-13 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99120520 Expired - Lifetime CN1094035C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Grape vine water-retaining antifreezer and its preparation |
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| Country | Link |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103788874B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2016-08-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of ginseng seed's inorganic agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105075787A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-25 | 襄汾县科农种植专业合作社 | Water retention anti-freezing agent of grape vine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105237162A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable water-retention and anti-freezing agent preparation method |
| CN108605962A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-10-02 | 葛博文 | A kind of pomegranate antifreezing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114009491A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-08 | 成都农业科技中心 | Grape grain fresh-keeping storage method |
-
1999
- 1999-09-17 CN CN 99120520 patent/CN1094035C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1288930A (en) | 2001-03-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20021113 |