CN1287949C - 防止碎屑粘附于刀具上的刀具替换装置和方法 - Google Patents
防止碎屑粘附于刀具上的刀具替换装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
- B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
- B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
- B23Q3/15722—Rotary discs or drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/0053—Devices for removing chips using the gravity force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
- B23Q3/15534—Magazines mounted on the spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
- B23Q2003/155414—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers
- B23Q2003/155418—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers the grippers moving together
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
- B23Q2003/155414—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers
- B23Q2003/155425—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable
- B23Q2003/155428—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable about a common axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
- B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
- B23Q2003/155414—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers
- B23Q2003/155425—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable
- B23Q2003/155435—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable and linearly movable
- B23Q2003/155439—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable and linearly movable along the pivoting axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T483/12—Tool changing with means to regulate operation by means of replaceable information supply [e.g., templet, tape, card, etc. ]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T483/1752—Tool changer between spindle and matrix including tool holder pivotable about axis
- Y10T483/1755—Plural tool holders pivotable about common axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
机床的一种刀具替换装置,用于防止碎屑粘附于刀具上。通过使用机床的刀具替换装置通常所带的驱动电机,使刀具振动以防止碎屑粘附于刀具上,尤其是粘附于刀具的锥形部分上,以及/或者去除粘附于刀具上的碎屑,而又不使用任何额外的装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及机床的刀具替换装置。
背景技术
在机床中,为了提高成形精度并延长刀具的使用寿命,就向正在被刀具切割的工件的切割点供应冷却液。另外,为了防止工件的切屑或碎屑散开,可用如帘幕般喷射的冷却剂遮盖切割点。
在此种机床中,在进行加工时,碎屑可能会与冷却剂一起散开,并可能会与冷却剂一起粘附于机床的一些部件上。如果碎屑粘附于刀具的锥形部分上,就难以用另一件刀具来替换该刀具,而且在替换刀具后,成形精度就可能变差。
所以,“日本专利公开文本”第2002-273640号公开了一种清扫装置,供机床所用,该装置可在替换刀具时喷射冷却液而把粘附于刀具锥形部分的碎屑去除掉。
还有,“日本专利公开文本”第8-174372号公开了一种碎屑去除装置,该装置具有一个振动器可使碎屑覆盖层振动,以便去除堆积在碎屑覆盖层上的碎屑,进而防止碎屑或灰尘粘附于机床和/或轴驱动件的滑动表面上。
所提到的用于去除碎屑的装置,其冷却剂供应组件或机构有问题,从而,必须把用于去除碎屑的振动器额外安装在机床上。
另外,在上述日本专利公开文本第2002-273640号中,提到一种空气混合装置用于把空气流与将要使用的冷却液混合起来,以便解决一个问题,即当冷却液的粘度相对较高时,冷却液的喷射力就降低,而且不足以清扫刀具的锥形部分这样的问题。所以,空气混合装置就必须重新安装,冷却剂供应组件也要重新安装,以便去除粘附于刀具锥形部分上的碎屑。
另一方面,上述日本专利公开文本第8-174372号所公开的装置,能够用振动器去除堆积在碎屑覆盖层上的碎屑或灰尘,而该振动器定位于碎屑覆盖层相对于切割区的那个相反一侧上。所以,该装置就不能去除粘附于刀具锥形部分的碎屑。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术中的上述问题,并防止切屑或碎屑粘附于机床的刀具上,而又不使用任何额外的装置。
根据本发明,采用一种驱动电机,它是机床的刀具清扫装置通常配带了的,以便使刀具振动,防止碎屑粘附于刀具例如刀具的锥形部分上,以及/或者把粘附于刀具上的碎屑去除掉,而又不使用任何额外的装置。
本发明可以作为一种方法的一个方面及刀具替换装置的一个方面来执行,该方法用于防止碎屑的粘附。
符合本发明而用于防止碎屑粘附的方法,可作为第一实施例而应用于刀具仓(tool magazine),并作为第二实施例而应用于刀具替换臂。
与本发明所述方法的第一实施例相符合,提供一种用于防止碎屑粘附于机床刀具替换装置的刀具仓中所夹持的刀具上的方法,该刀具替换装置包括用于为刀具仓转位的刀具仓驱动电机和用于控制刀具仓驱动电机驱动的刀具仓控制器,该方法包括:把刀具固定在刀具仓中;振动地驱动刀具仓驱动电机而使刀具仓振动,以便振动刀具。
对刀具仓驱动电机振动地驱动,可在机床的非机加工期间进行。而且,对刀具仓驱动电机振动地驱动,可由电机执行,从而,电机就在某个周期中交替执行朝前与朝后的转动,或者电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
与本发明所述方法的第二实施例相符合,提供一种用于防止碎屑粘附于机床刀具替换装置的刀具替换臂所支持的刀具上的方法,该刀具替换装置包括用于转动刀具替换臂的刀具替换臂驱动电机和用于控制刀具替换臂驱动电机驱动的刀具替换臂控制器,该方法包括:把刀具固定在刀具替换臂上;振动地驱动刀具替换臂驱动电机而使刀具替换臂振动,以便振动刀具。
对刀具替换臂驱动电机振动地驱动,可在机床的非机加工期间进行。而且,对刀具替换臂驱动电机振动地驱动,可执行得使电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动,或者电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
符合本发明的刀具替换装置,还可作为应用于刀具仓的第一实施例来执行,以及作为应用于刀具替换臂的第二实施例来执行。
与本发明第一实施例的刀具替换装置相符合,所提供的机床刀具替换装置包括:刀具仓;刀具仓驱动电机,其用于使刀具仓转位;以及刀具仓控制器,其用于控制刀具仓驱动电机的驱动;刀具仓控制器能把电机控制得使电机交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动,或使电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停,以便振动刀具仓。
在机床的非机加工期间,刀具仓控制器能够控制电机的驱动。
与本发明第二实施例的刀具替换装置相符合,所提供的机床刀具替换装置包括:刀具替换臂;刀具替换臂驱动电机,其用于转动刀具替换臂;以及刀具替换臂控制器,其用于控制刀具替换臂驱动电机的驱动;刀具替换臂控制器能把电机控制得在一个周期中使电机交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动,或使电机交替执行转动与暂停,以便振动刀具替换臂。
在机床的非机加工期间,刀具替换臂控制器能够控制电机的驱动。
附图说明
本发明的上述及其他的目标、性能及优点,从参照附图对推荐实施例所做的下述说明中,就可清楚了解到。在这些附图中:
图1的示意图用于解释本发明的一个实施例;
图2的示意顶视图显示刀具仓的例子;
图3的示意侧视横截剖视图显示刀具仓;
图4的示意侧视横截剖视图显示刀具替换臂的例子;以及
图5的示意图显示一种情形,在该情形中,碎屑被防止粘附于刀具的锥形部分上,以及/或者粘附于锥形部分上的碎屑被去除。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图说明本发明的实施例。
图1的示意图用于解释本发明的刀具替换装置。此外,在图1中,机床的结构被省略了。
参照图1,机床执行机加工,例如把所选刀具20安装在机加工主轴11上并由机加工驱动件12驱动主轴11而进行切削。把刀具20安装在主轴11上,是通过布置在刀具20上的锥形部分21而执行的。图1中所描绘的刀具20所用这个驱动系统,仅仅是举例,所以,该系统也可以采用其他构造。
刀具替换装置1包括置放了多个刀具20的刀具仓2,以及刀具替换臂6。刀具替换装置1从置放于刀具仓2的多个刀具20当中,选取出一个适合于所要加工的目标或适合于机加工方式的刀具,并用刀具替换臂6把所选中的刀具替换连接着主轴11上的刀具。
图2与图3分别为刀具仓2的示意顶视图与侧视横截剖视图。刀具仓2包括处于圆周周边上的多个支持部件3,该圆周的圆心与刀具仓2的转动轴线吻合。转动轴线可由刀具仓驱动电机4转动,从而就能把刀具仓2的角度转换为所要求的转动位置上。刀具仓2的角位指的是确定刀具仓2的转动位置,以便使刀具替换臂6能够接纳所选中的刀具。角度转换可通过对刀具仓驱动电机4的转动位置加以控制地来执行。
图4为刀具替换臂6的示意侧视横截剖视图。当刀具替换臂6连接着可由刀具替换臂驱动电机9转动的旋转轴8时,刀具替换臂6可以在所要求的转动位置上停止。通过控制刀具替换臂驱动电机9以便确定旋转轴8的转动位置,布置在刀具替换臂6上的刀具夹紧部件7就能被定位于一个位置上,该位置与刀具仓2或主轴11对齐。
刀具仓驱动电机4的操作,是由刀具仓控制器5控制的,且刀具替换臂驱动电机9的操作由刀具仓控制器10所控制。
在刀具替换装置1中,为了选取适合于机加工的刀具20以及把刀具20安装在主轴11上,就使刀具仓2转动到一个转动位置上,在该位置上,所选中的刀具20能被刀具替换臂6接纳。刀具替换臂6经由旋转轴8也被刀具替换臂驱动电机9所转动,从而,刀具替换臂6的夹紧部件7就与替换位置对齐。
在此替换位置上,由刀具仓2的支持部件3所支持的刀具20被夹紧部件7夹紧,接着,旋转轴8被转动以便把夹紧部件7所夹紧的刀具20移动到与主轴11对齐的位置上。此时,主轴11就能接纳来自刀具替换臂6的夹紧部件7的刀具20。因此,从刀具仓2中所选中的刀具20就能安装在主轴11上了。
另一方面,为了把安装在主轴11上的刀具返回给刀具仓2,刀具替换臂6的夹紧部件7就位移,以便与安装在主轴11上的刀具2对齐,接着,安装在主轴11上的刀具2就被移动给刀具替换臂6的夹紧部件7。于是,刀具替换臂6也经由旋转轴8而被刀具替换臂驱动电机9转动,从而,紧夹着刀具20的夹紧部件7就被位移到与刀具仓2对齐的位置上。刀具仓2也由刀具替换臂驱动电机4,从而,空闲的支持部件3就与替换位置对齐。
接着,在替换点上,由刀具替换臂6的夹紧部件7所夹紧的刀具20就被移动给刀具仓2空闲的支持部件3。因此,刀具20就能返回给刀具仓2了。
在本发明的刀具替换装置1中,如上所述,刀具仓控制器5控制着刀具仓驱动电机4的操作,并执行常规的角度转换,以确定刀具仓2的转动位置。另外,刀具仓控制器5还能执行移动控制,以去除粘附于刀具20的锥形部分21上的碎屑,以及/或者防止碎屑粘附于该锥形部分21上。
防止碎屑粘附于锥形部分21上以及/或者从该部分上去除碎屑,是靠驱动刀具仓驱动电机4以振动刀具仓2而实现的。对刀具仓2的此种振动,例如是把刀具仓驱动电机4驱动得使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动,或者在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停而实现的。使电机4转动-暂停的这种操作,可交替地仅仅顺着一个方向转动并暂停来执行,或者在某个周期中交替地顺着一个方向转动与暂停,并且在某个周期中交替地顺着另一个方向转动与暂停来执行。
通过对刀具仓驱动电机4执行朝前-朝后转动这种操作和/或转动-暂停这种操作,某种程度的振动就施加于刀具仓2,这样就不会达到持续的转动移动。通过这种振动,粘附于刀具20上的碎屑,尤其是粘附于刀具20的锥形部分21上的碎屑,就被抖动并从刀具上去除掉,以及/或者防止了碎屑粘附于锥形部分21上。图5显示一种情形,在该情形中,防止了碎屑粘附于刀具的锥形部分上,以及/或者去除了粘附于该锥形部分上的碎屑。
另外,在本发明的刀具替换装置1中,如上所述,刀具替换臂控制器10控制着刀具替换臂驱动电机9的操作,并控制着用以确定刀具替换臂6的转动位置的常规旋转移动。而且,刀具替换臂控制器10还执行移动控制,以去除粘附于刀具20的锥形部分21上的碎屑,以及/或者防止碎屑粘附于该锥形部分21上。
防止碎屑粘附于锥形部分21上以及/或者从该部分上去除碎屑,依靠驱动刀具替换臂驱动电机9而振动刀具替换臂6就能实现。替换臂6的这种振动,例如是通过驱动刀具替换臂驱动电机9,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动,或者在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停来实现的。电机9的转动-暂停这种操作,可通过交替地仅仅顺着一个方向转动并暂停来执行,或者在某个周期中交替地顺着一个方向转动与暂停,并且在某个周期中交替地顺着另一个方向转动与暂停来执行。
通过对刀具替换臂驱动电机9的朝前-朝后转动这种操作和/或转动-暂停这种操作,某种程度的振动就施加于刀具替换臂6,这样就不会达到持续的转动移动。通过这种振动,粘附于刀具20上的碎屑,尤其是粘附于刀具20的锥形部分21上的碎屑,就被抖动并从刀具上去除掉,以及/或者防止了碎屑粘附于锥形部分21上。
无论是在驱动电机4或9可被振动驱动时,例如在刀具仓驱动电机4不执行常规角度转换移动时,或者刀具替换臂驱动电机9不执行常规旋转移动时,振动均能执行。另外,在定期间歇或由程序指令所确定的某个周期中,振动均能执行。例如,振动可在某个周期中施加于刀具以便去除粘附于刀具上的碎屑,或者只要在有可能的周期中就施加,以防止碎屑粘附于刀具上。
然而,如果振动在机加工期间执行,机床的成形精度就可能变差。所以,振动最好在机床的非机加工期间,施加给刀具,例如,对于刀具仓来说,当机床等待机加工或正在使刀具或工件快速横动(rapid-traversing)时,就施加振动;而对于刀具替换臂来说,则在机床等待机加工或替换刀具时,就施加振动。以此方式,就防止了与此种使成形精度变差的机加工移动相关的负面效应。
在下文中,要说明编程的例子,此种编程,用来以程序指令振动地驱动刀具仓驱动电机和/或刀具替换臂驱动电机,该程序如下所示:
G00 Xaaa Yaaa Zaaa Mxxx;
Myyy;
G01Xmmm;
Mxxx Pzzz;
M06Tnnn;
编码Mxxx是用于开始振动的M代码,编码Myyy是用于停止振动的M代码,且编码Pzzz是用于设置振动时间的代码。
振动是随着刀具或工件的快速横越,由分程序(block)使其开始的。由开始指令“Mxxx”所启动的振动,被停止指令“Myyy”所停住。当刀具或工件被切削进给指令所进给时,振动就由另一个开始指令“Mxxx”所启动。振动继续一段由指令“Pzzz”所设置的时间,并在这段时间过去后停止下来。当振动停止之后,刀具就由刀具替换指令“M06Tnnn”所替换。此外,通过上述用于开始及停止振动的M编码,刀具仓驱动电机和/或刀具替换臂驱动电机就可以受控了。
如上所述,粘附于机床刀具锥形部分上的碎屑,无须使用任何额外的装置就能去除掉。
尽管为了显示而已经参照特定实施例说明了本发明,但应当明白,可由专业人员对本发明做许多改动,只要不背离本发明的基本思路和范围就行。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于防止碎屑粘附于机床刀具替换装置的刀具仓中所夹持的刀具上的方法,该刀具替换装置包括用于为刀具仓转位的刀具仓驱动电机和用于控制刀具仓驱动电机驱动的刀具仓控制器,该方法包括:
把刀具固定在刀具仓中;
振动地驱动刀具仓驱动电机而使刀具仓振动,以便振动刀具。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具仓驱动电机的振动驱动是在机床的非机加工期间执行的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具仓驱动电机的振动驱动包括驱动该电机,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具仓驱动电机的振动驱动包括驱动该电机,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
5.一种用于防止碎屑粘附于机床刀具替换装置的刀具替换臂所支持的刀具上的方法,该刀具替换装置包括用于转动刀具替换臂的刀具替换臂驱动电机和用于控制刀具替换臂驱动电机驱动的刀具替换臂控制器,该方法包括:
把刀具固定在刀具替换臂上;
振动地驱动刀具替换臂驱动电机而使刀具替换臂振动,以便振动刀具。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具替换臂驱动电机的振动驱动是在机床的非机加工期间执行的。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具替换臂驱动电机的振动驱动包括驱动该电机,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:刀具替换臂驱动电机的振动驱动包括驱动该电机,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
9.一种机床的刀具替换装置,包括:
刀具仓;
刀具仓驱动电机,其用于使刀具仓转位;以及
刀具仓控制器,其用于控制刀具仓驱动电机的驱动;
刀具仓控制器能够控制刀具仓驱动电机的驱动,从而使该电机被振动地驱动,以便振动刀具仓。
10.如权利要求9所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具仓控制器能够在机床的非机加工期间控制电机的驱动。
11.如权利要求9所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具仓控制器能够控制电机的驱动,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动。
12.如权利要求9所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具仓控制器能够控制电机的驱动,从而使该电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
13.一种机床的刀具替换装置,包括:
刀具替换臂;
刀具替换臂驱动电机,其用于使刀具替换臂转动;以及
刀具替换臂控制器,其用于控制刀具替换臂驱动电机的驱动;
刀具替换臂控制器能够控制刀具替换臂驱动电机的驱动,从而使该电机被振动地驱动,以便使刀具替换臂振动。
14.如权利要求13所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具替换臂控制器能够在机床的非机加工期间控制电机的驱动。
15.如权利要求13所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具替换臂控制器能够控制电机的驱动,从而,该电机在某个周期中交替地执行朝前与朝后的转动。
16.如权利要求13所述的刀具替换装置,其特征在于:刀具替换臂控制器能够控制电机的驱动,从而,该电机在某个周期中交替地执行转动与暂停。
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KR100724237B1 (ko) | 2004-12-28 | 2007-05-31 | 삼성코닝정밀유리 주식회사 | 유리기판 수평절단기의 예비절단휠유닛 자동교체장치 |
DE602007000987D1 (de) * | 2006-03-27 | 2009-06-10 | Fanuc Ltd | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatischen Wechseln des Werkzeugs für eine durch numerische Steuerung gesteuerte Werkzeugmaschine |
TWI310331B (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2009-06-01 | Ying Sun | Position structure of power source of cutter for a drilling and tapping machine |
DE102007040157A1 (de) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-26 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Transportieren eines Gegenstands |
EP2045036A1 (de) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung mit einem direktangetriebenen Hub- und Schwenkaktor |
ITPI20120086A1 (it) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-01-31 | Machinale S R L Fab | Dispositivo per lo sblocco di un utensile di una macchina utensile |
JP6279432B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-26 | 2018-02-14 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 工具交換方法及び工具交換装置 |
JP6688829B2 (ja) | 2018-04-04 | 2020-04-28 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 工作機械 |
CN109201256B (zh) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-11-10 | 马鞍山市新桥工业设计有限公司 | 一种大米生产用刀具夹持装置 |
WO2021192023A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 数値制御装置 |
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JPS5845839A (ja) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-03-17 | Fanuc Ltd | 工作機械の自動工具交換装置 |
EP0251350A3 (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1988-01-20 | Tai-Her Yang | Electric motor |
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JPH08174372A (ja) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-09 | Okuma Mach Works Ltd | 切粉カバーの切粉除去装置 |
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EP1454709B1 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
DE602004000091D1 (de) | 2006-02-02 |
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JP3764432B2 (ja) | 2006-04-05 |
DE602004000091T2 (de) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1454709A1 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
US7150705B2 (en) | 2006-12-19 |
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