CN1282516A - Application of dichloropropylene in agricultural chemicals - Google Patents
Application of dichloropropylene in agricultural chemicals Download PDFInfo
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- CN1282516A CN1282516A CN 99112350 CN99112350A CN1282516A CN 1282516 A CN1282516 A CN 1282516A CN 99112350 CN99112350 CN 99112350 CN 99112350 A CN99112350 A CN 99112350A CN 1282516 A CN1282516 A CN 1282516A
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- dichloropropylene
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Abstract
The dichloroprophylene can be used in agricultural chemicals to kill the underground pests such as nematode, grub, wire worm, etc. and the pests of damping-off, leptandra and root rot.
Description
The invention belongs to the utilization of dichloropropylene, mainly is the utilization in pesticide field.
Crop such as vegetables, melon and fruit suffers nematodiasis, often shows as that poor growth, color and luster flavescence, plant are short and small, the sick song of cauline leaf, symptoms such as goiter and tumor and decay and necrosis takes place, and has a strong impact on the output of crops.Soil insect such as grub, wireworm also makes the root of crops wreck, and influences the growth of crops.Particularly the melon colza plants that area is increasing, cropping index increases, increase in the continuous cropping plot, and insect pest increases the weight of day by day.The agricultural chemicals of preventing and treating nematodosis and soil insect at present generally has: Aldicarb, 3911, furans pellet, the iron gram (trade name) that goes out, these agricultural chemicals are for reaching control efficiency, dosage is big, belong to high poison, persistent pesticide, residual life is about 60 days, exceed melon dish vegetative period, be that country forbids using on the melon dish is produced, but do not have better pesticide species to substitute at present.After the people has eaten the melon and fruit of using these agricultural chemicals, the serious threat health symptoms such as diarrhoea, stomach-ache appears.
The D-D mixture is the by product in the production of propylene oxide, approximately contains dichloropropylene 35%, dichloropropane 45%, hydrochloric acid 10%, surplus and is all the other impurity.Utilize it to be used as industrial chemicals by extracting wherein each component respectively.
The new purposes that the purpose of this invention is to provide dichloropropylene as agricultural chemicals, is killed nematode and other soil insect.
Dichloropropylene of the present invention is as the application in the agricultural chemicals, is the soil pests of killing soil insects such as nematode, grub, wireworm and causing crops damping off, black root, root rot, particularly kills various nematodes.
Dichloropropylene of the present invention is meant 1, the 3-dichloropropylene.In order to reduce cost and the utilization again of waste material, dichloropropylene can obtain from the accessory substance D-D mixture of production of propylene oxide.The composition of D-D mixture as previously mentioned owing to contain dichloropropane and hydrochloric acid, they are harmful to crops, must remove as far as possible or be converted into the material harmless to crops.If contain dichloropropane and hydrochloric acid in the dichloropropylene, will be as the content of the dichloropropylene of purposes of the present invention more than 80%, the invention provides a kind of with the D-D mixture be raw material by distilling the method for purification dichloropropylene, remove dichloropropane and hydrochloric acid as far as possible.Other component in the harmless or D-D mixture is converted into the material harmless to crops if other material that contains in the dichloropropylene is to crops, can be broad as the content of the dichloropropylene of purposes of the present invention.
With the D-D mixture is that the method for feedstock purification dichloropropylene is as follows:
The D-D mixture distills in column plate type distillation still commonly used, and the still temperature begins to distill out dichloropropane under 96 ℃, is warmed up to 113 ℃ gradually, and dichloropropane and hydrochloric acid are distilled out from the still top in this temperature range, reclaims through refluxing.In the time of 113 ℃, also begin dichloropropylene, be warmed up to 136 ℃ more gradually in the distillation still, dichloropropylene is constantly distilled out, and the dichloropropylene that comes out from the distillation still middle part is by obtaining 82% dichloropropylene product with water cooling.The height of distillation still is 17～18 meters.The concrete operations step is: distillation still is by the boiler heat-conducting oil heating, and the control boiler temperature is 160 ℃ earlier, keeps after 4～5 hours, be warmed up to 170 ℃ again, this moment, temperature in the kettle was 96 ℃, began dichloropropane after 2 hours, kept 6 hours again, boiler temperature is elevated to 180 ℃ again, kept 6 hours, 190 ℃ kept 5 hours, when being elevated to 200 ℃, temperature in the kettle arrives 113 ℃, and dichloropropane and hydrochloric acid are distilled and finish.Be elevated to 136 ℃ then gradually, dichloropropylene is constantly distilled out.
Dichloropropylene as the application process of agricultural chemicals is:
Earlier with the soil deep ploughing, make loosing soil before the dispenser, whole then good embanked field.
1, ditch is excuted a law: every embanked field is by institute's plant position trench digging, and 15～20 centimetres of ditch depths stir with sawdust, wheat bran and this medicine, are sprinkled into bottom of trench, and are tight with earth mulch then.
2, perforated method: with 30 centimetres of boreholes of pitch-row, 15～20 centimetres of hole depths are calculated survival dose by the hole by institute plant position in every embanked field, evenly at the bottom of the hand-hole.Immediately that the medicine hole is real with earth mulch after the dispenser, concora crush is in case the medicine volatilization.
By above-mentioned two kinds of method dispensers gas that plough to loose again after 5～7 days, could sow then, in case poisoning takes place crop.
The amount of application of 82% dichloropropylene is 5～6 kilograms every mu.
Prove by a large amount of field trials, dichloropropylene belongs to a kind of high-efficiency low-toxicity nonpersistent pesticide, can prevent and treat root-knot nematode, cyst roundworm, stem eelworm and other evil root nematode of crops such as fruit and vegetable crops such as cucumber, tomato, capsicum, carrot, beet, watermelon and peanut, soybean, jute, the root of straight ladybell, pachyrhizus, tobacco, cotton, soil insect such as grub, wireworm, and can doublely control soil pests such as damping off, black root, root rot.Make that plant growth is vigorous, color and luster is dark green, blade is abundant, improve crop yield, and can promote fertilizer to decompose, improve the soil.Insect pest once no longer takes place in dispenser in whole growth process before crop-planting, just can kill insect 7 days medicament residue phases, therefore noresidue on crop after the dispenser in 5～7 days.Especially be fit to melon dishes such as the continuous cucumber of sowing of booth, tomato, capsicum.Dichloropropylene is water insoluble, and 82% dichloropropylene is positioned over open container, is volatilizable doing after 2 hours, illustrates that also the residual life of dichloropropylene is short.
Purity is 82% dichloropropylene (82% go out line spirit), and is calling the line spirit of going out in the following text, as follows in the experimental study of control pachyrhizus root knot nematode disease:
The pachyrhizus root knot nematode disease is commonly called as " seasonal febrile diseases ", and symptom is pitchy, the be full of cracks of looks shape, is the important damage by disease and insect of harm pachyrhizus.Sick melon piece is because of plain, and difficulty is eaten and shone melon and do, and benefit reduces, and this has become the great difficult problem of restricting current pachyrhizus production.
6000 mu of certain district's pachyrhizus areas, the area that root knot nematode disease takes place reaches 3000 mu, and the incidence of disease of Beijing 553 kinds is up to 70%, the mu benefit is by 1750 yuan of original (3500 jin of per mu yields, 0.50 unit/jin) reduce to 1200 yuan of mu incomes, take in 550 yuan less for every mu, 1,650,000 yuan of economic losses.Just test the line spirit of going out in this district.
One, material and method
1, for reagent and the pachyrhizus kind tried:
For the agent of having a try: the line spirit of going out, FA granule (plant protection unit provides), 15% iron go out gram (production-goods company provides), 5% stem line spirit (insecticide factory), 5% Nemacur (insecticide factory)
Experimental cultivar: Beijing 553
2, method:
(1) selection experimental field: above-mentioned certain district, prior year morbidity is heavy, and sick piece rate is more than 80%, 3 mu of areas.
(2) method: see the following form 1
| The medicament title | The mu consumption | Application process |
| The line spirit of going out | 10 kilograms | Mix 10 kilograms in wheat bran, it is faric to ditch |
| The line spirit of going out | 10 kilograms | The punching fluid injection |
| The FA granule | 6 kilograms | Spread manuer in holes |
| The 15% iron gram that goes out | 1.5 kilogram | Spread manuer in holes |
| 5% stem line spirit | 1.5 kilogram | Spread manuer in holes |
| 5% Nemacur | 1.5 kilogram | Spread manuer in holes |
| CK | ||
(3) arrange the sub-district: will experimental field be divided into 3 sub-districts, 7 processing in every sub-district are respectively 6 and handle and contrast, randomized arrangement, and 100 strains are handled in every sub-district, repeat 3 times.Transplanting time May 12.
(4) investigation method: investigate the influence of medicament seedling stage, during results, all dig out the potato piece, check the root piece state of an illness, compare control efficiency with disease index to plant.
Field root piece state of an illness grade scale adopts 5 grade standards:
0 grade: do not fall ill
1 grade: the be full of cracks of potato piece accounts for 1～5%
2 grades: the be full of cracks of potato piece accounts for 5～25%
3 grades: the be full of cracks of potato piece accounts for 25～50%
4 grades: the be full of cracks of potato piece accounts for more than 50%
Two, interpretation of result
1, observes vegetative period: observe altogether vegetative period 4 times, be respectively May 28, June 22, July 20, September 28, see with investigation, early growth is identical, last investigation, the go out footpath leaf chap of gram, the spirit of stem line, Nemacur control plot of iron, color shoals, and is respectively 71%, 81%, 83%, 87%.
2, investigate harvest time: harvest time is October 10, and the medicament experimental result sees the following form 2:
| Chemicals treatment | Consumption kg/ mu | Application process | Sick heat rate % | Sick index | Control efficiency |
| The line spirit of going out | 10 | Trench digging | 20．8 | ?4．4 | ?91．6 |
| The line spirit of going out | 10 | Punching | 7．4 | ?0．69 | ?98．7 |
| The FA granule | 6 | Spread manuer in holes | 22．9 | ?6．9 | ?86．9 |
| 15% stem line spirit | 1．5 | Spread manuer in holes | 68 | ?33．4 | ?36．5 |
| 5% stem line spirit | 1．5 | Spread manuer in holes | 74 | ?37．5 | ?28．7 |
| 5% Nemacur | 1．5 | Spread manuer in holes | 65 | ?29．8 | ?43．3 |
| CK | ?88 | ?52．6 |
From statistical form as a result as can be seen, 5 kinds of medicaments for examination, control efficiency difference to the pachyrhizus root knot nematode disease is very big, iron go out gram, the spirit of stem line, Nemacur poor effect, but go out line spirit and FA granule effect are obvious, the faric measure of ditching holds up ridge method and punching injection process effect obvious, reaches 91.6% and 98.7% respectively, and the FA granule effect of spreading manuer in holes is 86.9%.
Three: conclusion and discussion
Field medicine effect test is the result show, the line spirit control pachyrhizus root knot nematode disease of going out effect is best, and the control efficiency of FA granule is also fine, and the sick iron commonly used of control pachyrhizus stem eelworm go out gram, the spirit of stem line, that Nemacur is bordering on the pachyrhizus root knot nematode disease is invalid.
Cucumber test:
6 of booths are arranged, and each booth took up an area of 4 fens, and each booth is divided into two groups at random, and each group accounts for two furrow.Wherein one group of 5 days in advance trench digging is used the line spirit of going out by 5.4 kilograms/mu, and another group is used Aldicarb simultaneously for contrast during plantation.
By above-mentioned control group evidence, with the cucumber of the line spirit of going out than with the cucumber of Aldicarb, slightly thick, the blackout of cauline leaf, pulling out with back root part does not have goiter and tumor, and with the cucumber of Aldicarb, pulls out back root part and still have goiter and tumor, big resembles soya bean, little of the grain of rice.
The peanut test:
, have 8 minutes Di to be divided into two at random than higher area at the nematode incidence of disease, the line spirit of going out is wherein used for one in every each 4 minutes ground before plantation, and another piece is planted method for planting routinely for contrast.Two ground is application of phosphoric acid K composite fertilizer, carbon ammonium simultaneously.
Use the plot of the line spirit of going out and sow shelled peanut after 5 days, a Zhou Houmiao all sprouts.Arrived that peanut is bloomed, the setting phase watches, and exceeds about 2.5 centimetres according to the plot plant with the plot comparison of the line spirit of going out, blade is black green, and is obviously plump.Shine plot 10 days settings in advance, no root goiter and tumor with the plot comparison of the line spirit of going out after extracting peanut.The peanut root in contrast plot has goiter and tumor to take place, yellow leaf, and it is vigorous that growing way is owed.
By this peanut test, illustrate that the resolution ratio of the plot fertilizer of using the line spirit of going out wants high, it is fast to absorb fertilizer.
In process of the test to the line spirit of going out, the soil pests that killing effect is arranged equally and cause crops damping off, black root, root rot for underground grub, wireworm is not because damping off, black root, root rot can take place in crops after using the line spirit of going out.
Claims (5)
1, dichloropropylene is the soil pests of killing soil insects such as nematode, grub, wireworm and causing crops damping off, black root, root rot as the application in the agricultural chemicals, particularly kills nematode.
2, dichloropropylene according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the application in the agricultural chemicals dichloropropylene is to obtain from the accessory substance D-D mixture of production of propylene oxide.
3, dichloropropylene according to claim 2 is as the application in the agricultural chemicals, it is characterized in that it being that accessory substance D-D mixture with production of propylene oxide is a raw material by distilling the preparation of purification dichloropropylene, as the content of the dichloropropylene of agricultural chemicals more than 80%.
4, dichloropropylene according to claim 3 is as the application in the agricultural chemicals, and the content that it is characterized in that dichloropropylene is 82%.
5, dichloropropylene according to claim 3 is as the application in the agricultural chemicals, it is characterized in that the D-D mixture distills in column plate type distillation still commonly used, the still temperature is warmed up to 113 ℃ gradually under 96 ℃, bring up to 136 ℃ more gradually, the height of distillation still is 17～18 meters, eject the dichloropropane and the hydrochloric acid that come from still and reclaim through refluxing, the dichloropropylene that comes out from the distillation still middle part is by obtaining 82% dichloropropylene product with water cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99112350 CN1282516A (en) | 1999-07-31 | 1999-07-31 | Application of dichloropropylene in agricultural chemicals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99112350 CN1282516A (en) | 1999-07-31 | 1999-07-31 | Application of dichloropropylene in agricultural chemicals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1282516A true CN1282516A (en) | 2001-02-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99112350 Pending CN1282516A (en) | 1999-07-31 | 1999-07-31 | Application of dichloropropylene in agricultural chemicals |
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| CN (1) | CN1282516A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101480181A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pesticide capsule preparation for preventing and treating nematode and soil-borne disease |
| CN105494322A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 张�杰 | Pesticide-added fertilizer additive, compound penetrant and application of pesticide-added fertilizer additive and compound penetrant to pesticides and fertilizers |
| CN107535112A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-01-05 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | The efficient soil disinfection of facility for prevention and control soil-borne diseases of vegetable and activating technology |
-
1999
- 1999-07-31 CN CN 99112350 patent/CN1282516A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101480181A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pesticide capsule preparation for preventing and treating nematode and soil-borne disease |
| CN105494322A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-04-20 | 张�杰 | Pesticide-added fertilizer additive, compound penetrant and application of pesticide-added fertilizer additive and compound penetrant to pesticides and fertilizers |
| CN107535112A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-01-05 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | The efficient soil disinfection of facility for prevention and control soil-borne diseases of vegetable and activating technology |
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