CN102863284B - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and method for controlling soil borne disease - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and method for controlling soil borne disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN102863284B CN102863284B CN201210359273.6A CN201210359273A CN102863284B CN 102863284 B CN102863284 B CN 102863284B CN 201210359273 A CN201210359273 A CN 201210359273A CN 102863284 B CN102863284 B CN 102863284B
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic fertilizer which comprises a first component and a second component which have the mass ratio of 1: 1 to 900, wherein the first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromoisocyanaria acid, and the second compound is the residue dry powder obtained after extracting the derris root and/or dry derris steam leaf powder. With the adoption of the organic fertilizer, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer and the method for controlling the soil borne disease provided by the invention, the defects that the soil borne disease controlling effect of the derris steam leaf powder or the residue dry powder obtained by extracting the derris root is reduced or the effect of the fertilizer is slowly implemented when the derris steam leaf powder or the residue dry powder obtained by extracting the derris root is directly applied to the farmland system is applied to the farmland system after being matured can be overcome; the fertility of the soil can be obviously improved; the output of the crops can be greatly increased; and meanwhile, obvious effect of pest control and sterilizing can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of fertilizer with pesticide-germicide function.
Background technology
Soil-borne disease insect pest, particularly soil-borne disease are the important factors that affects agriculture production always.Soil-borne disease refers to by the soil-borne disease original and infects the Plant diseases causing, belongs to root disease category.Infect cause of disease and comprise fungi, bacterium, actinomycetes etc., wherein take fungi as main.100 multiple diseases of the vegetables such as melon, the solanaceous vegetables of harm, beans of finding in cultivation, the overwhelming majority is fungoid, bacterial disease and part Disease, its germ is all in soil, to survive the winter in soil or by invalid body.The primary infection of these diseases is nearly all from soil.In recent years, due to continuous cropping and continuous cropping and improper fertilization, soil-borne disease in greenhouse, booth and large Tanaka occur generally, endanger seriously.Plantation one class crop continuously, in soil, corresponding some germ is bred year after year, is accumulated in a large number, forms sick soil, every year morbidity.As continuous croppings such as watermelon, strawberry, eggplant, pumpkins, cause dead, seedling rot to increase the weight of year by year.Meanwhile, use in a large number the animal excrement of not becoming thoroughly decomposed, stimulated sickle-like bacteria, Verticillium and rhizoctonia growth in soil-borne disease bacterium, thereby increased the weight of the generation of soil-borne disease.
The soil insect that dwells hides for a long time in soil, and its kind is many, it is wide to distribute, cause harm heavily, and be the important pests of flowers, turfgrass, farmland plant.They take food the part of a crop which is beneath the ground (seed, root, stem) and the subaerial tender stem of underground part, even directly cause crop death thereby affect plant growth.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid (molecular formula: C
3n
3o
3cl
3; Fusing point: 247-251 ℃) and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid (molecular formula: C
3hO
3n
3clBr; Physical behavior: white powder, soluble in water.) be strong oxidizer and chlorizating agent, there is efficient, wide spectrum, safer disinfection, bacterium, virus, fungi, gemma etc. are had to killing action, coccidian oocyst is also had to certain killing effect, there is certain insecticidal action simultaneously.Agriculturally can be used as crop seeds sterilizing agent, crop disease control agent, agricultural land soil sterilizing agent and fruit type vegetable preservation agent, all have good effect and sterilization and disinfection effect at aspects such as sericulture, livestock industry, culture fishery, health and epidemic prevention, tap water, swimming pools.
Trifoliate jewelvine (Derris trifoliata Lour) is pulse family China tree Calamus plant, trifoliate jewelvine another name Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the whole world has more than 80 to plant, mainly be distributed in the torrid zone and subtropical zone, Chinese approximately 20 kinds are mainly distributed in the provinces such as Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan, as stem and leaf of Elliptic Jewelvine, Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, stem and leaf of Ford Jewelvine etc.
Trifoliate jewelvine is applied to farm crop and produces, and can increase crop yield, can be applicable to paddy rice, peanut, vegetables, flowers and other crops.Trifoliate jewelvine is a kind of high-quality natural biological insecticidal fertilizer, and a large amount of nutritive substances not only can be provided, and also can prevent and treat pathogenic nematode, pathogenic fungi, bacterium and some subterranean pest-insects.
Trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf is mainly containing suitable Quercetin-3-O-β-Neohesperidin, rhamnetin-3-O-β-Neohesperidin, 2S-carboxyl-4R, 5S-dihydroxyl piperidines, 2S-carboxyl-4S, 5S-dihydroxyl piperidines and 2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3, the 4-dihydroxyl Pyrrolidine of containing.Derris root is mainly containing rotenic acid, β-elliptic acid, elliptol, tubatoxin, tephrosin, left-handed maackiain, and wherein the content of tubatoxin is the highest.Tubatoxin insecticidal spectrum is very wide, has poisoning, food refusal and grows and suppress active.It belongs to 150 section 18 order insects to 784 kind 549 all poisoning power, and good to the toxic effect spy of the important agriculture and forestry injurious insect such as mite, aphid, noctuid, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hubern)., small cabbage moth.
But, during as fertilizer, there is some problems in the residue after extracting with trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or derris root.If by its fermentation maturity, the active insecticidal components that can degrade in trifoliate jewelvine, although improved fertilizer efficiency, can significantly reduce insecticidal activity; If be directly used in farmland system, active insecticidal components and nutritive ingredient discharge slowly, can not effectively kill soil and pass insect and increase soil fertility.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of fertilizer efficiency is high, the significant fertilizer of insecticidal effect.This fertilizer has overcome residue dry powder after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or derris root are extracted directly or the toxic effect decay or the fertilizer efficiency that after becoming thoroughly decomposed, cause during for farmland system discharge defect slowly.
The present invention solve another technical problem be to provide a kind of by fertilizer for preventing and treating the application of soil-borne disease insect pest.
The another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of simple method for preparing of fertilizer.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of fertilizer, comprise the first component and the second component, the mass ratio of the first component and the second component is 1:1 ~ 900, wherein, the first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and the second component is residue dry powder and/or the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder after derris root extracts.
The mass ratio of described the first component and the second component is preferably 1:50 ~ 500, is preferably 1:100 ~ 300.
Described trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder is crossed 10 ~ 120 mesh sieves, is preferably 40 ~ 80 mesh sieves.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease insect pest, and the method is that above-mentioned fertilizer is imposed on to the farmland system with soil-borne disease insect pest.Especially aspect the preventing and treating of the soil-borne disease insect pests such as mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani, there is unusual effect.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf is dried in the shade, dry, then pulverize evenly, obtain trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder;
2) prepare derris root and extract after residue dry powder, derris root is extracted or is used CO with polar solvent or medium polar solvent
2supercutical fluid extracts derris root, obtains the rear residue of derris root extraction, and after derris root is extracted, residue dries after drying in the shade, and then pulverizes, and obtains derris root and extracts rear residue dry powder.
3) trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid in mass ratio: residue dry powder=1:1 ~ 900 after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and/or derris root extract, by trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid slowly and admix in multiple times on a small quantity trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and/or the step 2 of step 1) gained) derris root of gained extract after in residue dry powder;
Wherein, in the time that the second component of fertilizer is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, adopt step 1) and 3);
In the time that the second component of fertilizer is the rear residue of derris root extraction, adopt step 2) and 3);
In the time that the second component of fertilizer is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and the rear residue mixture of derris root extraction, adopt step 1), 2) and 3).
Further, described step 2) in adopt polar solvent be ethanol or acetone or ethyl acetate or chloroform.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve soil fertility, increases considerably crop yield.
Described fertilizer is imposed on after the system of farmland, active oxygen and hypochlorous acid that trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid degraded form are all strong oxidizers, can oxidative degradation trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or the residue of derris root after extracting, make it discharge rapidly nutritive ingredient and insecticidal constituent, thereby play the object of quick increase soil fertility.Can find out equally from testing data, full nitrogen, organic matter and rotenone content in soil increase sharply after fertilising, after fertilising, within the 1st day or the 3rd day, reach peak value, and use separately trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, or while using separately the residue dry powder after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or derris root extract, in soil, the content of full nitrogen, organic matter and tubatoxin almost remains unchanged, and content is starkly lower than the content after application of organic fertilizers, in table 4 and table 10.Can find out by table 5 and table 8, the present invention can significantly promote the volume increase good harvest of farm crop, and as shown in table 8, the highest stimulation ratio reaches 26.74%.
2, fertilizer of the present invention has significant Pesticidal and sterilizing effect.
As mentioned above, residue dry powder after application of organic fertilizers after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or derris root extraction is under the active oxygen and hypochlorous effect of trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid degraded formation, discharge rapidly nutritive ingredient and insecticidal constituent, wherein, active oxygen and hypochlorous acid all belong to strong oxidizer, there is the function of good sterilising effect and the native insect that dwells of poisoning, simultaneously, the tubatoxin that residue dry powder after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder or derris root extract is decomposed to form also has desinsection widely, sterilization effect, active oxygen and hypochlorous acid and tubatoxin coupling, play the effect of potentiating pesticidal.
3, described fertilizer degraded is thorough, non-residual toxicity.
The fertilizer that imposes on farmland system can thoroughly be degraded under the effect of trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, non-residual toxicity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
1:1 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:1.
Its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder
After trifoliate jewelvine stem, leaf are dried in the shade, dry, then dry under 50 ° of C conditions, then pulverize, obtain trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
(2) sieve
The trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder obtaining is crossed respectively to 10 orders, 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves, obtain respectively five kinds of varigrained trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
(3) trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:1, by trichloroisocyanuric acid respectively slowly and admix in multiple times on a small quantity in five kinds of trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder of step (2) gained, finally obtains five kinds of varigrained fertilizers.
(3) packing and storing
The fertilizer of having prepared plastic bag sealing package storage, should slowly reduce pressure and extract air in bag when encapsulation.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, its preparation method is identical with above-mentioned steps.
Embodiment 2
1:5 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:5.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
1:20 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:20.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
1:50 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:50.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
1:100 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:100.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 7
1:500 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:500.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 8
1:900 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:900.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 9
1:1 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:1 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare derris root and extract rear residue
Derris root is in 50 ~ 60 ℃ of oven for drying, for subsequent use after crushed.Adopt the organic solvents such as ethanol or acetone or ethyl acetate or chloroform, or adopt CO
2the methods such as supercritical fluid extraction are repeatedly extracted the effective constituent in derris root, completely obtain the rear residue of derris root extraction until effective constituent is extracted substantially.
(2) prepare derris root and extract rear residue dry powder
After derris root is extracted, residue dries after drying in the shade, and then pulverizes evenly, obtains derris root and extracts rear residue dry powder.
(3) trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio: residue dry powder=1:1 after derris root extracts, by trichloroisocyanuric acid respectively slowly and the derris root of admixing in multiple times on a small quantity step (2) gained extract after in residue dry powder, residue dry powder fertilizer after making trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root and extracting.
(3) packing and storing
The fertilizer of having prepared plastic bag sealing package storage, should slowly reduce pressure and extract air in bag when encapsulation.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction, its preparation method is identical with above-mentioned steps.
Embodiment 10
1:5 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:5 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 11
1:20 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:20 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 12
1:50 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:50 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 13
1:100 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:100 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 14
1:300 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:300 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 15
1:500 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:500 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 16
1:900 prepares the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root extraction in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:900 after derris root extracts.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and make the rear residue dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extraction.
Embodiment 17
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid and the rear residue dry powder of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+derris root extraction and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder blend organic fertilizer in mass ratio.This fertilizer each component ratio is:
Residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder mixture=1:300 after trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+derris root extracts, wherein, trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively account for 50% of trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture total mass, and after derris root extracts, residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder respectively account for thing derris root and extracts 50% of rear residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder mixture total mass.
Embodiment 18
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio.This fertilizer each component ratio is:
Residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder mixture=1:300 after trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+derris root extracts, wherein, trichloroisocyanuric acid and the chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mass ratio in trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: chlorobromide isocyanuric acid=2:1;
The mass ratio that after derris root extracts, residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder extract in rear residue dry powder and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder mixture at derris root is:
Residue dry powder after derris root extracts: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=2:1.
Using method of the present invention is:
When operation, put on plastic glove, directly fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland system, or mix in multiple times on a small quantity with sandy soil, wood chip or other dispersion medium that can spread fertilizer over the fields, then spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland system.The mass ratio of the dispersion medium such as fertilizer of the present invention and sandy soil is preferably 1:10 ~ 500.
Test the prevention effect test to soil-borne disease insect pest of 1 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer
Fertilizer as test is the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves and the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves of different proportioning ratios.
Testing sequence: choose and exist certain or the harmful farm crop field of certain several garden to test.Wherein the efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae is to carry out same place, same time, the efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode in different location and/or different time carry out; The efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani in different location and/or different time carry out.While carrying out several gardens evil of certain or certain efficiency test, 19Ge community is set respectively, each community is not less than 30m
2, wherein 3 is check plot.In the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of different proportioning ratios is directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in 8 communities wherein, in the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of different proportioning ratios is directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in other 8 communities, the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder of using separately respectively trichloroisocyanuric acid, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and crossing 80 mesh sieves by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre is in 3 check plots.
Adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, the prevention effect of observing afterwards mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani at one day and three days respectively, wherein, table 1 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 1 day, and table 2 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
The statistical method of prevention effect of the present invention is as follows:
Soil is passed to insect, and at the 1st day and the 3rd day that uses after this fertilizer, investigation records fertilizer was processed certain Mortality of insect of community and check plot respectively, thereby calculates the prevention effect to this kind of insect.
For soil-borne disease, control time is that field starts to occur the 1st day and the 3rd day after diseased plant.Investigation records fertilizer is processed diseased plant number, the dead strain number of community and check plot or the plant number of obviously withering respectively, thereby calculates the prevention effect to this kind of disease.
This test is in the time of statistic data, for using the community of trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer and the community of using separately trichloroisocyanuric acid, only add up the prevention effect of mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae and eggplant verticillium wilt, for using the community of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer and the check plot of using separately chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, the prevention effect of only adding up Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani.For the check plot of using separately trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, the prevention effect of statistics mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani.
1 day prevention effect testing data to soil-borne disease insect pest of table 1 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder organic fertilizer application
Note: in table 1, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
3 days prevention effect testing datas to soil-borne disease insect pest of table 2 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder organic fertilizer application
Note: A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
Through observation shows that, compared with controlled trial (being A:B=1:0 or 0:1), after using fertilizer of the present invention, there is significant insecticidal effect, in the time that the mass ratio of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder is between 1:50 ~ 900, insecticidal effect is the most remarkable, is preferably 1:300 ~ 500.Need the thing of explanation, test 1 only proves that trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer have good pesticide-germicide effect, and above-mentioned test is used respectively different fertilizers to different insects or germ and do not formed the restriction to fertilizer function.
Test the prevention effect test of 2 trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder sizes to soil-borne disease insect pest.
This test fertilizer used be 10 orders, 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves five kinds of varigrained trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder respectively with the fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid composition, every kind of each constituent mass ratio of fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
Testing sequence: choose and exist certain or the harmful farm crop field of certain several garden to test.Wherein to carry out same place, same time to the different grain size efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae, the different grain size efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode in different location and/or different time carry out; The different grain size efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani in different location and/or different time carry out.While carrying out several gardens evil of certain or certain efficiency test, 10Ge community is set respectively, each community is not less than 30m
2, by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, five kinds of varigrained trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizers are directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in 5 different districts wherein, varigrained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer is directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in other 5 different districts, adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, after three days, observe mole cricket in fertilising, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani, this test is in the time of statistic data, for using trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer Wu Ge community, only add up mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, the prevention effect of eggplant verticillium wilt, for using chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer Wu Ge community, only add up Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani.Table 3 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
The prevention effect testing data of table 3 trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder size to soil-borne disease insect pest
Note: in table 3, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
Known by testing, along with reducing of trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder size, the insecticidal effect of this fertilizer is got over significantly, and in the time that in fertilizer, trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder size is between 40 ~ 120 orders, insecticidal effect is more remarkable.
Test the manure trial of 3 trichloroisocyanuric acids+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer
Testing sequence, adopt conventional manure trial, the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves of 1:300 proportioning ratio is directly spread fertilizer over the fields after mixing in farmland system or with sandy soil and spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland system, after fertilising the 0.5th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day and detect under earth's surface the content of full nitrogen, organic matter and tubatoxin in every kilogram of soil of 0 ~ 10cm on the 15th day respectively, test-results is in table 4, wherein, the mensuration of rotenone content adopts liquid chromatography technology, and the mensuration of soil nutrient content adopts nutrient determinator to measure.
The manure trial data of table 4 trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer
Note: in table 4, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid, B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, use after fertilizer of the present invention, tubatoxin in soil, full nitrogen and organic content ratio are significantly improved when using trichloroisocyanuric acid or use separately trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder separately, and, within the 1st day or the 3rd day after fertilising, can reach peak value, the degradation speed that has significantly accelerated trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, has improved soil fertility.
Test 4 trichloroisocyanuric acids or the test of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer to increasing crop yield
This tests fertilizer used is that the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves is by the fertilizer of different ratios preparation, this tests selected farm crop is wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, wild cabbage is used to the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves, tobacco is used to the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieves.Specific operation process is, chooses kind of a field that has wild cabbage, and 10Ge community is set, and each community is not less than 30m
2, wherein, 2 communities are check plot, press respectively the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre in each community, use separately trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder a check plot, do not use any fertilizer in another check plot.Fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the processing of tobacco.In the time gathering in the crops, individual plant weight, plant height and output the statistics of measuring respectively wild cabbage and tobacco are as follows.
Table 5 trichloroisocyanuric acid or the testing data of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer to increasing crop yield
Note: in table 5, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, uses after this fertilizer, and crop yield has had and significantly improves, and in the time that proportioning ratio is 1:500, the increase of production rate of wild cabbage is up to 21.36%, and in the time that proportioning ratio is 1:300, the increase of production rate of tobacco is up to 19.84%.
Test 5 tests of fertilizer granularity to increasing crop yield
This test fertilizer used be 10 orders, 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves five kinds of varigrained trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder respectively with the fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid composition, every kind of each constituent mass ratio of fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
This tests selected farm crop is wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, wild cabbage is used to trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, and tobacco is used to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.Specific operation process is, chooses kind of a field that has wild cabbage, and 6 communities are set, and each community is not less than 30m
2, one of them is check plot, respectively in each community by the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre, fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the processing of tobacco.In the time gathering in the crops, individual plant weight, plant height and output the statistics of measuring respectively wild cabbage and tobacco are as follows.
The testing data of table 6 fertilizer granularity to increasing crop yield
Test shows, along with reducing of trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf powder size, the fertilizer efficiency of this fertilizer is more for significantly, and effect of increasing production is more obvious.
Test the prevention effect test of 6 different solvents to soil-borne disease insect pest
Select respectively ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and CO2 supercritical extraction means to extract derris root, after extracting, residue dry powder is made into fertilizer with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and the proportioning ratio of this fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:150 after derris root extracts.
Testing sequence: choose and exist certain or the harmful farm crop field of certain several garden to test.Wherein to carry out same place, same time to the different solvents efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae, the different solvents efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode in different location and/or different time carry out; The different solvents efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani in different location and/or different time carry out.While carrying out several gardens evil of certain or certain efficiency test, 11Ge community is set respectively, each community is not less than 30m2, and one of them community is controlled trial district, and any fertilizer is not used in this community.Trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder the fertilizer five kinds of different extracting modes being configured to by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre directly spreads fertilizer over the fields respectively in 5 different districts wherein, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer that five kinds of different extracting modes are configured to directly spreads fertilizer over the fields respectively in other 5 different districts, adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, after three days, observe mole cricket in fertilising, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani, this test, in the time of statistic data, for using trichloroisocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer Wu Ge community, is only added up mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, the prevention effect of eggplant verticillium wilt, for using chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer Wu Ge community, only adds up Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani.Table 7 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
The prevention effect testing data of table 7 different solvents to soil-borne disease insect pest
Test shows, the prevention effect that after application of organic fertilizers, soil passes insect increases substantially, and insecticidal effect is very remarkable, and different solvents is on the not too large impact of the toxic effect of fertilizer.
Test 7 different solvents to increasing crop yield effect test
Select respectively ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and CO2 supercritical extraction means to extract derris root, after extracting, residue dry powder is made into fertilizer with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and the proportioning ratio of this fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: residue dry powder=1:150 after derris root extracts.
This tests selected farm crop is wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, wild cabbage is used to trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root and extract rear residue dry powder fertilizer, tobacco is used to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root and extract rear residue dry powder fertilizer.Specific operation process is, chooses kind of a field that has wild cabbage, and 6 communities are set, and each community is not less than 30m2, and one of them is check plot, does not use any fertilizer.Respectively in each community by the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre, fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the processing of tobacco.In the time gathering in the crops, individual plant weight, plant height and output the statistics of measuring respectively wild cabbage and tobacco are as follows.Statistic data is in table 8.
Table 8 different solvents is to increasing crop yield effect test data
Test shows, after application of organic fertilizers, the output of farm crop significantly improves, and different solvents changes little on the growth level impact of wild cabbage crop yield, but different solvents is larger on the growth level impact of tobacco crop yield, in the time that extracting solution is acetone, tobacco production volume increase is particularly remarkable.
Test the test to pest controling effect of fertilizer under 8 different proportionings
Select derris root residue after the CO2 supercritical fluid extraction component as fertilizer, itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid are configured to the fertilizer of different ratios, impose on after the system of farmland the 3rd day observation fertilizer preventing effectiveness to insect, testing data is in table 9, testing sequence is with test 1, only change the fertilizer composition in test 1, be no longer repeated in this description at this.
The testing data of fertilizer under the different proportionings of table 9 to pest controling effect
Note: in table 9, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, B is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, compared with controlled trial (being A:B=1:0 or 0:1), after using fertilizer of the present invention, there is significant insecticidal effect, in the time that the mass ratio of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder is between 1:50 ~ 900, insecticidal effect is the most remarkable, is preferably 1:300 ~ 500.
Test 9 chlorobromide isocyanuric acids+derris root and extract rear residue dry powder fertilizer manure trial
Select CO
2derris root residue after supercritical fluid extraction is as the component of fertilizer, by itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio 1:300 be configured to fertilizer, after broadcast application the 0.5th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day and detect under earth's surface the content of full nitrogen, organic matter and tubatoxin in 0 ~ 10cm soil on the 15th day respectively, test-results is in table 10, wherein, the mensuration of rotenone content adopts liquid chromatography technology, and the mensuration of soil nutrient content adopts nutrient determinator to measure.
Residue dry powder fertilizer manure trial data after table 10 chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root extracts
Note: A is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is CO
2residue dry powder after supercritical fluid extraction.
Test shows, use after fertilizer of the present invention, tubatoxin in soil, full nitrogen and organic content ratio are significantly improved when using trichloroisocyanuric acid or use separately trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder separately, and, within the 3rd day after fertilising, can reach peak value, the degradation speed that has significantly accelerated trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, has improved soil fertility.
The fertilizer of testing under 10 different proportionings is Effects of Increasing Yield to farming
Select CO
2derris root residue after supercritical fluid extraction is as the component of fertilizer, itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid is configured to the fertilizer of different ratios.To after wild cabbage and tobacco crop applying, in the time of results, measure individual plant weight, plant height, every per mu yield and the increase of production rate of wild cabbage, tobacco, in table 10 by 50,000 grams/acre.
This tests selected farm crop is wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, wild cabbage is used to trichloroisocyanuric acid+derris root and extract rear residue dry powder fertilizer, tobacco is used to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+derris root and extract rear residue dry powder fertilizer.Specific operation process is, chooses kind of a field that has wild cabbage, and 10Ge community is set, and each community is not less than 30m
2, wherein 2 is check plot, presses respectively the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre in each community, uses separately CO a check plot
2derris root residue after supercritical fluid extraction, does not use any fertilizer in another check plot.Fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the processing of tobacco.In the time gathering in the crops, individual plant weight, plant height and output the statistics of measuring respectively wild cabbage and tobacco are as follows.
Fertilizer under the different proportionings of table 11 is Effects of Increasing Yield data to farming
Note: trichloroisocyanuric acid during to wild cabbage, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid during to tobacco.
Test shows, uses after this fertilizer, and crop yield has had and significantly improves, and in the time that proportioning ratio is 1:500, the increase of production rate of wild cabbage is up to 17.66%, and in the time that proportioning ratio is 1:300, the increase of production rate of tobacco is up to 21.40%.
Claims (9)
1. a fertilizer, comprise the first component and the second component, the mass ratio of the first component and the second component is 1:1～900, wherein, the first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and the second component is residue dry powder and/or the trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder after derris root extracts.
2. fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described the first component and the second component is 1:50～500.
3. fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described the first component and the second component is 1:100～300.
4. according to the fertilizer described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder is crossed 10～120 mesh sieves.
5. fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder is crossed 40～80 mesh sieves.
6. a method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease insect pest, is characterized in that, arbitrary claim 1 to 5 described fertilizer is imposed on to the farmland system with soil-borne disease insect pest.
7. the method for control soil-borne disease according to claim 6 insect pest, it is characterized in that, described soil-borne disease insect pest is one of mole cricket, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode or its mixing disease and pest.
8. a preparation method for fertilizer described in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf is dried in the shade, dry, then pulverize evenly, obtain trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder;
2) prepare derris root and extract after residue dry powder, derris root is extracted or is used CO with polar solvent or medium polar solvent
2supercutical fluid extracts derris root, obtains the rear residue of derris root extraction, and after derris root is extracted, residue dries after drying in the shade, and then pulverizes, and obtains derris root and extracts rear residue dry powder.
3) trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid in mass ratio: residue dry powder=1:1～900 after trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and/or derris root extract, by trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid slowly and admix in multiple times on a small quantity trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and/or the step 2 of step 1) gained) derris root of gained extract after in residue dry powder;
Wherein, in the time that the second component of fertilizer is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder, adopt step 1) and 3);
In the time that the second component of fertilizer is the rear residue of derris root extraction, adopt step 2) and 3);
In the time that the second component of fertilizer is trifoliate jewelvine cauline leaf dry powder and the rear residue mixture of derris root extraction, adopt step 1), 2) and 3).
9. the preparation method of fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described step 2) in adopt polar solvent be ethanol or acetone or ethyl acetate or chloroform.
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| CN105367290A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-02 | 周妙思 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105347971A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-24 | 周妙思 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105384532A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-09 | 周妙思 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105347970A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-24 | 周妙思 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN106912501B (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-02-13 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | The compounded pesticides of Lecanicillium lecanii and rotenone |
| CN111567571B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-09-03 | 湖北大学 | Botanical compound insecticide for meloidogyne incognita and preparation method thereof |
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