CN1273090C - 多轴十字形连接件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种十字形连接件,用来在脊柱外科手术中连接两个纵向件,例如杆,该十字形连接件具有用来连接到纵向件的连接件,以及位于它们之间的球形接头,从而使连接件可以进行多轴旋转。
Description
本申请要求2001年10月12日提交的美国专利申请60/328,748的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脊柱手术中使用的器具,并尤其涉及一种用来在两个脊柱杆之间形成连接的装置和方法。
背景技术
通常的脊柱外科手术使用到螺栓,该螺栓被紧固到毗连的椎骨和它们之间的纵向件中,从而将椎骨相对彼此的位置固定。纵向件可以由板或杆组成。通常,在任一边的一根椎骨就要使用两个这样的纵向件。通过使用一个或更多的横向十字形交叉件来连接两个纵向件,进一步提高了稳定性。典型的例子就是DiNello et al.的美国专利5,522,816,在此作为参考。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了一种十字形连接件,用来连接与脊柱配合的纵向件,该十字连接件包括:一第一连接件,用于连接到纵向件中的第一个上,所述第一连接件中包括一第一夹持件和一第二夹持件,及一个紧固件用来将第一夹持件和第二夹持件紧紧地固定在一起,从而把持住其中一个纵向件;一第二连接件,用于连接到纵向件中的第二个上;一位于第一和第二连接件之间的联接装置;至少一个位于第一和第二连接件之间的多轴接头。
第一和第二连接件中有一个或两个都可以包括一个多轴接头。在本发明的一个方面,至少在第一夹持件和第二夹持件之间设置了多轴接头部分,从而当紧固件将第一夹持件和第二夹持件紧紧地夹持在一起时,该多轴接头部分可以被挤压,从而防止多轴接头旋转。更可取地,第一夹持件具有第一面,用来与一个纵向件接合,第二夹持件具有第二面,用来与一个纵向件接合,紧固件定位于多轴接头部分与第一和第二面之间的。
更可取地,联接装置是弯曲的,从而在病人脊柱上弯成拱形。该联接装置可以包括第一横向件和第二横向件,两者以滑动关系与彼此相联系,从而改变联接装置的长度。
在本发明的一个方面,凸轮件将一个纵向件固定到一个连接件中。
附图说明
附图1是与本发明一致的十字形连接件的第一实施例的透视图;
附图1A是沿附图1的线1A-1A的截面图;
附图2是附图1中十字形连接件的顶部俯视图;
附图3是沿附图2的线3-3的截面图;
附图4是与本发明一致的十字形连接件的第二实施例的顶部俯视图;
附图5是沿附图4的线5-5的截面图;
附图6是与本发明一致的十字形连接件的第三实施例的透视图;
附图7是本发明一致的十字形连接件的第四实施例的前部正视图;
附图8是本发明一致的十字形连接件的第五实施例的前部正视图;
附图9是本发明一致的十字形连接件的第六实施例的前部正视图;
附图10是本发明一致的十字形连接件的第六实施例的透视图;
附图11是附图10所示连接件的顶部俯视图;
附图12是沿附图11的线13-13的截面图;
附图13是本发明一致的十字形连接件的第七实施例的透视图;
附图14是与本发明一致的十字形连接件的选择性锁紧机构的底侧示意图;
附图15是沿附图14的线15-15的截面图。
具体实施方式
附图1至3显示了与本发明一致的十字形连接件的第一实施例,该连接件连接到两个纵向件12上,所述两个纵向件在脊柱外科手术期间用来固定脊柱。十字形连接件10包括第一横向件14和第二横向件18,所述第一横向件14具有用来连接到其中一个纵向件12上的夹具16,所述第二横向件18具有用来连接到另一个纵向件14上的夹具20。第一横向件14和第二横向件18通过第三夹具22锁在一起。
第一横向件14从其近端24向其远端26略微呈拱形,并终止于远端26的球状物28。第一夹具16包括用来接受球状物28的内弯曲面30,和用来接受纵向件12的第二弯曲面32。第一带螺纹连接件34穿过位于第一弯曲面30和第二弯曲面32之间的第一夹具16中的孔36,并与凸缘螺母40中的螺纹孔38啮合。凸缘螺母40具有用来与纵向件12配合的弯曲面42,和用来与球状物28配合的相邻弯曲面43。将螺纹连接件34紧固到凸缘螺母40上,可以将纵向件12夹持在凸缘螺母弯曲面42和第一夹具16的弯曲面32之间。也可将球状物28夹持在凸缘螺母40上的弯曲面42和第一夹具16上的弯曲面30之间,由此防止第一夹具16沿球状物28旋转。这样第一夹具16通过紧固一个螺栓,即螺纹连接件34而夹持到纵向件12上,并锁在球状物28上。
第二横向件18从其近端44向其远端46略微呈拱形,并终止于第二夹具20。第二横向件18在近端44和远端46之间的上表面上具有一对槽48。相反,第一横向件14在近端24和远端26之间的下表面上具有一对齿条50,齿条50与槽48相互连接,由此使横向件可以在第一横向件14和第二横向件18之间滑动。
第三夹具22是C形夹具结构,该夹具包围着第一横向件14和第二横向件18,并将这两个部件压紧成夹持配合。因此,它还包括一对隔开的臂52和54,这两个臂通过一个弧形部56连接在一起,以形成一个穿过该弧形部的横向孔58,用来接受第一和第二横向件14和18。螺栓60穿过第一臂52上的无螺纹孔62,进入第二臂54上的螺纹孔64,围绕第一和第二横向件14和18紧固第三夹具22。
齿条50和槽48以锥形锁形式形成,以便于当夹具22紧固时,齿条50与槽48以过盈配合形式接合。这大大提高了夹具22的固定力。横向件14和18的弧形形状也提高了夹具22来抵御横向件14和18滑动的能力,因为趋向于引起滑动的力将改变成环绕该弧形部的扭矩。
如本领域技术人员公知的一样,在使用中,纵向件12以传统方式借助螺栓装配到脊柱上。十字形连接件10将这两个纵向件12连接起来,为脊柱形成一个更刚硬的支持。第一横向件14相对第二横向件18的滑行运动将第一夹具16和第二夹具20之间的间隔调节成解决因特定病人的骨骼而产生纵向件12间隔上的不可避免的变化。第一夹具16上的球状物28使第一夹具可以相对十字形连接件的其余部分作多轴运动,并由此解决那些可能不是呈理想平行排列关系的纵向件12的问题。也可以让外科医生通过绕球状物28旋转第一夹具16的方式调节十字形连接件10相对脊柱的距离,而提供十字形连接件最低的可能轮廓。
当然,也可以将类似球状物连接结构以其它形式定位在第一和第二夹具16和20之间,然而,如图所示,将球状物28安装在第一夹具16中的特定结构可以使实现夹持功能和多轴运动的部件数量非常少。
附图4和5显示了一个十字形连接件66,它与前面实施例中的十字形连接件10非常相似。然而,十字形连接件66在每个夹具上都具有一个球铰接结构。十字形连接件66包括分别终止于球状物72和74的第一和第二横向件68和70。第一夹具76和第二夹具78的结构都与前面实施例中的第一夹具16一样,并分别连接到各球状物72和74。因此,十字形连接件66可以让第一和第二夹具76和78作多轴旋转运动,并提高了外科医生在将该设备放到病人体内时的选择可能性。
附图6显示了与本发明一致的十字形连接件80的第三实施例。十字形连接件80的结构与十字形连接件66相似。然而,它使用了比前述实施例长的第一和第二横向件82和84。为了使第一横向件82相对第二横向件84的稳定性更高,十字形连接件80使用了C形夹具86和一个简单的卷绕件90,所述C形夹具86的结构与第三夹具22相似,并靠近第二横向件84的近端88,所述卷绕件90位于第一横向件84的近端92。卷绕件90连接到第二横向件84的近端92,并卷绕在第一横向件82的周围,从而防止这两个横向件在这点分离。
十字形连接件80与十字形连接件66之间还有一个区别在于第一和第二横向件82和84之间的交界面。第一横向件82和第二横向件84没有采用齿条,而是具有圆形截面,具有一个下切底面94,来接受第一横向件82的圆形横截面。当然,也可以替换前面两个实施例中的齿条交界面。
附图7显示了十字形连接件100的进一步的实施例。十字形连接件100使用了上面具有第一和第二夹具106和108的第一和第二横向件102和104。第一横向件102具有一个孔110,用来以滑动配合形式接受第二横向件104的一部分。一组螺栓112穿过第一横向件102与第二横向件104配合,并固定第一和第二横向件102和104相对于彼此的相对位置。在第二横向件104与组螺栓112配合处的选择性埋头孔114提高了组螺栓112和第二横向件104之间的抓紧力。
第一夹具106包括一个弧形面116和第一夹持螺栓118,所述弧形面116接受纵向件12,所述第一夹持螺栓118具有一凸轮表面120,该凸轮表面120将纵向件12压靠在弧形面116上,从而将纵向件12锁在第一夹具106中。
球状物122位于第二夹具108上的弯曲包围件124中,以便于使第二夹具108可以围绕第二横向件104作多轴运动。第二夹具108还具有一个弧形面126和一个具有凸轮面130的第二夹持螺栓128,从而迫使纵向件12靠向弧形面126。然而,球状物部分地突出超过弧形面126,以便于由第二夹持螺栓128施加的力可以迫使球状物122紧靠着弯曲包围件124。这样,第二夹持螺栓128既可以将纵向件12锁到第二夹具108中,又可以将第二夹具108锁到球状物122上。
附图8显示了根据本发明的十字形连接件132的进一步实施例,该实施例与前述实施例很相似,包括支承第一和第二夹具138和140的第一和第二横向件134和136。第一和第二夹具138和140上的弯曲表面142布置成便于纵向件12以倾斜角进入到第一和第二横向件134和136中。第二横向件136上的球状物144位于第二夹具140的弯曲包围件146中,以使第二夹具140可以作多轴运动。一单独的锁紧螺母148将第二夹具140锁到球状物144中,而不是象前面实施例一样与纵向件12接合。锁紧螺母旋入第二夹具140上,并同轴地接受第二横向件136。该锁紧螺母旋入弯曲包围件146中,以支承球状物144,并将它锁到第二夹具140。
附图9显示了与本发明一致的十字形连接件150的进一步实施例。它几乎在所有方面都与前述实施例的十字形连接件132相似。球状物152接受在夹具156上的包围件154中。锁紧螺栓158进入包围件,驱使球状物152将夹具156锁到其上。
附图10-12显示了与本发明一致的十字形连接件170的进一步实施例,它特别适合于纵向件12之间相当窄的尺寸。它由第一横向件172和第二横向件174组成,它们分别具有弯曲面176和178,用来接受纵向件,而且它们各自都具有一个具有凸缘螺母184和186的带螺纹连接件180和182。每个螺纹连接件180和182具有一个头部188,该头部188具有一个凸起的底面190,并穿过横向件172和174中的孔192,所述横向件具有匹配的凹埋头孔面194,它使螺纹连接件180和182可以在拧紧之前作轻微的紧固运动。这有利于适应纵向件12的各种尺寸,并最好可以运用于本发明各个实施例中。
第一横向件172具有远端196和近端198,第二横向件具有远端200和近端202。螺纹连接件180和182布置在远端196和200。第一横向件的近端198包括凸的,最好是球形的上表面204,一个垂直螺纹孔206穿过其中。第二横向件近端202包括匹配的凹低面208,一个非螺纹孔210穿过其中。螺纹连接件212穿过孔210与螺纹孔206配合。
匹配面204和208形成一个球形接头214,以允许在第一和第二横向件172和172之间作多轴运动。环绕纵向穿过螺纹连接件212的轴线216有很宽的自由度。孔210充分地大于螺纹连接件212的宽度,使绕平行于纵向件12的纵向轴的轴218的自由度受到限制,而且使纵向穿过十字形连接件的轴220的自由度受到限制。第二横向件近端202上的上表面220最好是凸起结构,而螺纹连接件212的头部224上的底面222最好是凹进结构,这些表面的功能类似于表面204和208。
在球形接头214中的凸起和凹进表面的位置可以颠倒过来,显而易见的是,即使对这些表面作一些修正,也可以实现它们之间的多轴运动。
附图13显示了十字形连接件230的进一步实施例,该十字形连接件的设计构思与附图10-12中的十字形连接件相似,其中,第一和第二横向件232和234与横向件172和174相似,它们通过中间件236借助与球形接头214相似的球形接头238连接在一起。
附图14和15显示了与附图4和5中的十字形连接件相似的十字形连接件300的进一步实施例。然而,它使用了一个夹具302,该夹具与十字形连接件66的夹具76有点不同。夹具302不使用螺栓,而使用凸轮件306将杆12挡在夹具312和球状物304之间(这类似于十字形连接件66的球状物72)。该凸轮件306具有一个杆308,该杆308穿过夹具302主体312中的孔310突出,并终止于螺栓头部314或其它旋转器具配合面。当凸轮件306借助螺栓头部314旋转时,外凸轮面316顶住杆12,迫使杆向上紧靠夹具主体312。内凸轮面318类似地作用于球状物304。可以提供一个或更多的扳手,图中未示,来更有效地将凸轮件306锁到与杆12配合的位置上,或者与杆12脱离配合关系(图14和15中所示的位置)。夹具302还提供了一个好处,即为了将杆插入到夹具302中,提供了更大些的间隙。
虽然本发明结合特定实施例作了特别的描述,但是可以理解的是,这只是起到说明的作用,并不等于要限制该发明,而且,附加的权利要求的保护范围应该被解释为和现有技术允许的一样宽。对于本领域技术人员来讲,可以想到对公开的实施例作一些变化和修正,但这些变化和修正都会被认为落入在此所述并由附加的权利要求及其等同物所限制的发明范围中。例如,在公开的实施例中,弯曲面与球状物和纵向件接合,然而,也可以用相关技术中公知的平面或成角度的面来代替。
进一步说,所示实施例中的每个夹具都使用有效锁紧力来把持纵向件12,然而公知的是,只采用例如没有螺栓118的夹具106将一个纵向件12把持在钩形凹进处中,而没有以其它方式将纵向件夹持在其中。这些实施例各自都使用了用来改变夹具之间的间隔的装置,然而,在本发明中该特征是随意的。
Claims (7)
1.一种十字形连接件,用来连接与脊柱配合的纵向件,该十字连接件包括:
一第一连接件,用于连接到纵向件中的第一个上,所述第一连接件中包括一第一夹持件和一第二夹持件,及一个紧固件用来将第一夹持件和第二夹持件紧紧地固定在一起,从而把持住其中一个纵向件;
一第二连接件,用于连接到纵向件中的第二个上;
一位于第一和第二连接件之间的联接装置;
至少一个位于第一和第二连接件之间的多轴接头。
2.根据权利要求1所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,第一和第二连接件中之一包括该多轴接头。
3.根据权利要求1所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,至少一个多轴接头的至少一部分设置于第一夹持件和第二夹持件之间,从而当紧固件将第一夹持件和第二夹持件紧紧地夹持在一起时,上述部分被挤压,从而防止该至少一个多轴接头旋转。
4.根据权利要求3所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,第一夹持件具有一与其中一个纵向件配合的第一面;第二夹持件具有一与其中一个纵向件配合的第二面;紧固件定位于该多轴接头的至少一部分与该第一和第二面之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,联接装置是弯曲的,从而在病人脊柱上弯成拱形。
6.根据权利要求5所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,该联接装置包括一第一横向件和一第二横向件,两者以彼此滑动关系联接,从而改变联接装置的长度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的十字形连接件,其特征在于,该第一和第二连接件中之一包括一个凸轮件,该凸轮件压靠其中一个纵向件,将该纵向件固定在凸轮件和连接件的一个表面之间。
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EP (1) | EP1302169B1 (zh) |
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CN (2) | CN1273090C (zh) |
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-
2002
- 2002-10-01 US US10/262,502 patent/US20030114853A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-09 AU AU2002301404A patent/AU2002301404B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-10-11 DE DE60229707T patent/DE60229707D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-11 NZ NZ531140A patent/NZ531140A/en unknown
- 2002-10-11 EP EP02257087A patent/EP1302169B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-11 AT AT02257087T patent/ATE413143T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-11 KR KR1020020061985A patent/KR20030030963A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-11 CA CA002408048A patent/CA2408048A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-11 ES ES02257087T patent/ES2316525T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-12 CN CNB021558515A patent/CN1273090C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-12 CN CNA2006100959023A patent/CN1911181A/zh active Pending
- 2002-10-14 MX MXPA02010187A patent/MXPA02010187A/es unknown
- 2002-10-14 BR BR0204200-2A patent/BR0204200A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-15 JP JP2002300905A patent/JP2003164462A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1911181A (zh) | 2007-02-14 |
NZ531140A (en) | 2005-11-25 |
AU2002301404B2 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
EP1302169A1 (en) | 2003-04-16 |
JP2003164462A (ja) | 2003-06-10 |
ES2316525T3 (es) | 2009-04-16 |
US20030114853A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
CA2408048A1 (en) | 2003-04-12 |
MXPA02010187A (es) | 2004-10-15 |
DE60229707D1 (de) | 2008-12-18 |
EP1302169B1 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
BR0204200A (pt) | 2003-09-16 |
CN1444910A (zh) | 2003-10-01 |
ATE413143T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
KR20030030963A (ko) | 2003-04-18 |
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