CN1257683C - Corn green fodder - Google Patents
Corn green fodder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1257683C CN1257683C CNB2003101192918A CN200310119291A CN1257683C CN 1257683 C CN1257683 C CN 1257683C CN B2003101192918 A CNB2003101192918 A CN B2003101192918A CN 200310119291 A CN200310119291 A CN 200310119291A CN 1257683 C CN1257683 C CN 1257683C
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- pseudomonas
- lactic acid
- bacterium
- feed
- probio
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Abstract
The present invention relates to corn ensilage feed which is composed of green corn plants, two strains of lactobacillus, probiotic pseudomonas, molasses, corn flour and salt; the probiotic pseudomonas is added into the feed, and the probiotic pseudomonas and the lactobacillus are used in a matching mode; Because the present invention has the characteristics of strong stress resistance, strong motility and strong acid resistance, the present invention has strong competitive power under the aerobic condition, can inhibit the number of aerobic mixed bacterium, and can reduce the feed quality reduction caused by the secondary fermentation of the mixed bacterium in the feed discharging stage; feeding experiments indicate: the feed can promote the growth of livestock, and has obvious effect on the growth and the disease resistance of livestock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of corn Silage, be applicable to the feed that ox, sheep are fed.
Background technology
Nature, plant surface harmful microorganism and beneficial microbe quantity with than being 10: 1, the biochemical process of silo crop just can lose the nutrition in the silo crop owing to the harmful microbe effect if give free rein in a large number.Manually add the beneficial bacterium bacterial classification and adopt, reach the high quantity of advantage as early as possible as homogeneity type (minute daughter bacteria bacterium sugar can be produced the lactic acid bacteria of molecule lactic acid) lactic acid bacteria through screening, accelerate sweat, produce a large amount of lactic acid rapidly, the pH value is descended, thereby suppress the harmful microbe activity, thereby reach the purpose of preserving nutrition, therefore, use suitable silage additive most important in ensilage.
Ensilage is the feeding product that forage grass and straw are formed through anaerobic fermentation.The process of ensiling is:
Oxyphie: forage grass is put in the silo granary into some biochemical system in (also can be special bag silo or silage tower) plant still in work by chopping.Phytoenzyme is degraded to carbon dioxide and water to soluble sugar, and albumen is converted into amino acid and amine.These reactions can destroy nutritional labelings, and reduce the quantity of useful fermenting enzyme material, and this stage produces too much heat and can cause browning reaction, but this will reduce the digestibility of carbohydrate content in the plant and protein.Therefore, should reduce the time in oxyphie stage as far as possible, carry out the transition to next ensiling stage as early as possible.
Silage fermentation: the fermentation of the acid-producing bacteria of anaerobism roughly will continue for one to two week.The forage grass of moisture 65%～70% is faster than the forage grass fermentation of moisture low (as 50% moisture), and the factors such as mature condition of floristics, cutting mode, results time, plant also can influence the efficient of fermentation in addition.The ensiling type also can have influence on the process of fermentation, and the tower dry loss late of concrete ensiling is less than horizontal silo and open-air horizontal silo.
Stabilization sub stage: fermentative microorganism can utilize the soluble sugar part in the plant gradually and absorb, and ensiling material acidity is reduced to pH3.5～4.2.The biochemical activity of ensiling this moment material reduces even stops, and the ensiling thing has entered the stabilization sub stage.This stage must be an anaerobism.Enter horizontal silo as oxygen from the breakage that seals, will increase the activity of mould, yeast and oxyphie bacterium.These microorganisms can cause the degraded of ensilage, produce mycotoxin and pathogenic bacteria, and the nutriment loss can be very big.
The discharging stage: open horizontal silo, ensilage just is exposed in the oxygen, and ensilage begins degraded.Heat in the ensilage and absorbable nutriment will lose.Temperature raises 10 ℃, and the loss of expose portion dry every day will reach 3%, so should try one's best reduction exposure and open-assembly time.
Additives for ensiling
The U.S., Australian and European, microbionation agent (inoculants) is the most frequently used silage additive, this product can increase beneficial bacterium quantity, replenishes natural lactic acid bacteria in the feeding crop and ferments fast and effectively when helping ensiling.This series products can contain one or more following bacterial classifications usually: Bacillus acidi lactici, class streptococcus and enterococcus, pediococci etc.Wherein should to produce the lactic acid ability with sugar fermentation be by force principle in the selection of Bacillus acidi lactici, therefore, homogeneity type fermentative lactobacillus (homo-fermentative lactic acid bacteria) is one and selects preferably, it can produce 2 molecule lactic acid with a part glucose, and produce L (+) type lactic acid, and the heterogeneous type lactic acid bacteria is used a part glucose production a part lactic acid, and is D (-) the type lactic acid that domestic animal is difficult for metabolism, neither thank to die.Other common additives for ensiling has: organic acid, inorganic salts carbohydrate.
After its advantage of ensilage is that the utilized nutriment that the soil is gathered in the crops maximizes,
Concrete effect is as follows:
Ensilage feed nutrient loss late is dried nutritive loss 30%～50% between 5%～15%.
Ensiling can keep the juice of feed, and hay is moisture 14%～17%, and the ensiling water content can reach 70%, is beneficial to livestock digestion, good palatability.
Ensilage occupied ground space is little, and the density height because of moisture height, is difficult for accidents such as breaking out of fire, storage safety.
The process of ensiling can eliminate destructive insects and germ, and the high acidity of anoxic can not be survived insect and worm's ovum, and this environment adds the competition of beneficial bacterium, and harmful germ is killed or is suppressed, and weeds also are utilized through ensiling, thereby reduces weeds in field quantity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that the corn Silage of development is by sapphire rice plant, and two strains of lactic acid bacteria Lactic acid bacteria, probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp, molasses, corn flour and salt are formed; Its main feature is: added the probio pseudomonas in feed after, pseudomonas and lactic acid bacteria are used, and because of it has strong resistance, motility is strong, and the characteristics that acid resistance is strong have competitiveness strong under the aerobic situation, can suppress the quantity of the assorted bacterium of oxygen consumption; Can reduce reduction in the discharging stage of feed because of assorted microzyme secondary fermentation feed quality; This feed shows through feeding experiment: can promote the livestock growth, to the livestock growth is disease-resistant significant effect be arranged.
Corn Silage of the present invention, this feed is by sapphire rice plant, two strains of lactic acid bacteria Lactic acid bacteria, probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp preserving number: the pseudomonad of CGMCC No.0208., molasses, corn flour and salt are formed, and wherein two strains of lactic acid bacteria is Bacillus acidi lactici Lactobacillus and Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus; Each set of dispense ratio is: sapphire rice plant 1000 grams, two strains of lactic acid bacteria inoculation bacterium several 2 * 10
8Individual, wherein Bacillus acidi lactici Lactobacillus inoculates bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus inoculates bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp inoculates bacterium several 5 * 10
8Individual, molasses 15-30g, corn flour 5-10g, salt 10-30g, 15-30 ℃ of storage in the ensiling container of packing into.
The preparation method of corn Silage with sapphire rice plant, is cut into the 10-30mm size, according to a conventional method two kinds of lactic acid bacterias and probio are inoculated on the sapphire rice plant, add molasses, corn flour and salt again, mix, 15-30 ℃ of storage gets final product in the ensiling container of packing into.
Corn Silage of the present invention adds acting as of probio pseudomonas:
Probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. is a kind of pseudomonas layer, Chinese patent: CN94105175.7, preserving number: CGMCC No.0208.
Probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. bacterial classification has the straight thin rod shape of cell, Gram-positive, no gemma, polar flagella, motion, the uneven characteristic of protoplasm dyeing, reproductive capacity is strong after tested, and fermented and cultured can reach 20,000,000,000/milliliter in 24～36 hours, low temperature resistant, high temperature, salt tolerant alkali, arid have stronger resistivity to adverse circumstance.
The production of probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. bacterial classification has intermittence, grow the existing oxygen consumption stage, anaerobic stages is arranged again, in ensilage, can preserve, can breed and suppress the growth of other good oxa-bacterium fast at aerobic environment, and can under the ensiling condition of low pH value, breed.
Probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. bacterium belongs to the nontoxic utmost point through check.
Probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. additive is through feeding experiment, to the livestock growth is disease-resistant significant positive effect arranged.
Probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp. and lactic acid bacteria are used, because of it has strong resistance, motility is strong, the characteristics that acid resistance is strong have competitiveness strong under the aerobic situation, can suppress the quantity of the assorted bacterium of oxygen consumption, reduce reduction in the discharging stage because of assorted microzyme secondary fermentation feed quality, itself is searched for food by livestock, can promote the livestock growth, and resistant effect is arranged.
The contrast test of corn Silage of the present invention:
The variation of pH value
The pH value of different ensiling time samplings
Table 1 adds the pH value of probio pseudomonas
| Fate | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 20 | 40 |
| pH | 5.8 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.80 | 3.55 | 3.55 | 3.54 |
Table 2 does not add the identical pH value of other condition of probio pseudomonas
| Fate | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 20 | 40 |
| pH | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.90 | 3.80 | 3.55 | 3.55 | 3.54 |
Two handle no significant difference, and the probio pseudomonas reduces the not influence of ensilage pH value to the lactic acid bacteria metabolism.
The variation of flora quantity
Table 3 adds probio pseudomonas ensilage flora and changes bacterium number/Kg
| The mushroom sky | Lactic acid bacteria | General bacterium (assorted bacterium) | Yeast | Pseudomonas |
| 1 | 1.5×10 10 | 4.5×10 8 | 4.0×10 4 | 5.0×10 8 |
| 2 | 2.5×10 11 | 2.0×10 8 | 4.0×10 4 | 5.0×10 8 |
| 4 | 4.0×10 12 | 8.0×10 7 | 7.0×10 3 | 4.0×10 8 |
| 6 | 1.7×10 12 | 5.0×10 7 | 2.0×10 2 | 3.0×10 8 |
| 10 | 8.0×10 11 | 2.2×10 6 | 1.0×10 2 | 2.0×10 8 |
| 20 | 9.2×10 10 | 1.0×10 6 | 4.0×10 | 1.3×10 8 |
| 40 | 6.7×10 10 | 8.5×10 5 | 2.0×10 | 9.0×10 7 |
Table 4 does not add probio pseudomonas ensilage flora and changes bacterium number/Kg
| The mushroom sky | Lactic acid bacteria | General bacterium (assorted bacterium) | Yeast |
| 1 | 1.5×10 10 | 4.3×10 8 | 3.5×10 4 |
| 2 | 2.4×10 11 | 2.0×10 8 | 2.0×10 4 |
| 4 | 3.5×10 12 | 7.0×10 7 | 4.0×10 3 |
| 6 | 1.5×10 12 | 4.5×10 7 | 1.5×10 2 |
| 10 | 8.0×10 11 | 2.0×10 6 | 1.0×10 2 |
| 20 | 8.0×10 10 | 1.2×10 6 | 3.0×10 |
| 40 | 6.0×10 10 | 9.0×10 5 | 1.5×10 |
Table 3, table 4 explanation probio pseudomonas does not have negative effect to the propagation of lactic acid bacteria, the probio pseudomonas is in ensilage, quantity reduces the far low and general bacterium of speed (assorted bacterium), in its quantity of later stage far above general bacterium (assorted bacterium).
Flora changed (40 days) bacterium number/Kg after table 5 added the discharging of probio pseudomonas
| Mushroom hour | General bacterium (assorted bacterium) in the inoculation pseudomonas | Do not inoculate the general bacterium of ensilage (assorted bacterium) number of pseudomonas | Pseudomonas number in the inoculation pseudomonas |
| 6 hours | 8.7×10 5 | 9.5×10 5 | 9.5×10 7 |
| 24 hours | 1.0×10 6 | 8.0×10 6 | 2.0×10 8 |
| 48 hours | 1.2×10 6 | 4.0×10 8 | 6.0×10 8 |
| 96 hours | 1.7×10 6 | 8.0×10 8 | 1.5×10 9 |
After discharging, general bacterium (assorted bacterium) propagation of not inoculating in the ensilage of pseudomonas is very fast, and general bacterium (assorted bacterium) is suppressed in the ensilage of inoculation pseudomonas, and pseudomonas propagation is very fast.
The nursing experiment of table 6 sheep
| Handle average | The ensilage of inoculation pseudomonas+lactic acid bacteria | Do not inoculate the ensilage of pseudomonas inoculating lactic acid bacterium | Do not inoculate the ensilage of any microbial inoculum |
| Experiment initial body heavy (Kg) | 8.00 | 7.90 | 8.00 |
| Experiment opisthosoma heavy (Kg) | 9.35 | 9.10 | 9.00 |
| Rate of body weight gain | 135 | 120 | 100 |
Three groups of processing feed intakes are identical as can be seen from the table, and it is best that the ensilage of inoculation pseudomonas+lactic acid bacteria is fed experiment effect.
Conclusion:
The interpolation pseudomonas does not have obvious influence to the changing down of pH value in ensilage.
Adding pseudomonas in ensilage does not have obvious influence to lactic acid bacteria propagation and general bacterium (assorted bacterium) and yeast number change under anaerobic, and quantity is far above general bacterium (bacterium of mixing) during the discharging of pseudomonas quantity.
The general bacterial multiplication of processing that does not add pseudomonas after the discharging is very fast, pseudomonas number propagation is very fast after the processing discharging of interpolation pseudomonas, and wherein general bacterium (assorted bacterium) propagation is slower, pseudomonas obviously suppresses general bacterium (assorted bacterium), bring into play little ecological effect, reduced the loss of nutrition in the feed secondary fermentation.
Add the ensilage of probio pseudomonas, the pseudomonas feeding effect of being searched for food is best.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Sapphire rice plant 1000 grams are cut into the 10mm size, according to a conventional method with two kinds of lactobacillus inoculum bacterium several 2 * 10
8, wherein Bacillus acidi lactici is inoculated bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, Pediococcus acidilactici inoculation bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, probio pseudomonas inoculation bacterium several 5 * 10
8Individual being inoculated on the sapphire rice plant adds molasses 15g again, corn flour 5g, and salt 10g mixes, and 15-30 ℃ of storage gets final product in the ensiling container of packing into.
Embodiment 2
Sapphire rice plant 1000 grams are cut into the 20mm size, according to a conventional method with two kinds of lactobacillus inoculum bacterium several 2 * 10
8, wherein Bacillus acidi lactici is inoculated bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, Pediococcus acidilactici inoculation bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, probio pseudomonas inoculation bacterium several 5 * 10
8Individual being inoculated on the sapphire rice plant adds molasses 20g again, corn flour 7g, and salt 20g mixes, and 15-30 ℃ of storage gets final product in the ensiling container of packing into.
Embodiment 3
Sapphire rice plant 1000 grams are cut into the 30mm size, according to a conventional method with two kinds of lactobacillus inoculum bacterium several 2 * 10
8, wherein Bacillus acidi lactici is inoculated bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, Pediococcus acidilactici inoculation bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, probio pseudomonas inoculation bacterium several 5 * 10
8Individual being inoculated on the sapphire rice plant adds molasses 30g again, corn flour 10g, and salt 30g mixes, and 15-30 ℃ of storage gets final product in the ensiling container of packing into.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of corn Silage, it is characterized in that this feed is by sapphire rice plant, two strains of lactic acid bacteria Lactic acid bacteria, probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp preserving number are that pseudomonad, molasses, corn flour and the salt of CGMCC NO.0208 is formed, and wherein two strains of lactic acid bacteria is Bacillus acidi lactici Lactobacillus and Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus; Each set of dispense ratio is: sapphire rice plant 1000 grams, two strains of lactic acid bacteria inoculation bacterium several 2 * 10
8Individual, wherein Bacillus acidi lactici Lactobacillus inoculates bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus inoculates bacterium several 1 * 10
8Individual, probio pseudomonas Pseudomonas sp inoculates bacterium several 5 * 10
8Individual, molasses 15-30g, corn flour 5-10g, salt 10-30g, 15-30 ℃ of storage in the ensiling container of packing into.
2, the preparation method of corn Silage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sapphire rice plant, be cut into the 10-30mm size, according to a conventional method two kinds of lactic acid bacterias and probio are inoculated on the sapphire rice plant, add molasses, corn flour and salt again, mix, 15-30 ℃ of storage gets final product in the ensiling container of packing into.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101192918A CN1257683C (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2003-12-03 | Corn green fodder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101192918A CN1257683C (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2003-12-03 | Corn green fodder |
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|---|---|
| CN1623421A CN1623421A (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| CN1257683C true CN1257683C (en) | 2006-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101192918A Expired - Fee Related CN1257683C (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2003-12-03 | Corn green fodder |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100382718C (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2008-04-23 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Corn Silage bacterial agent |
| CN102550889B (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-05-01 | 四川省畜牧科学研究院 | Chicory and ensiled corn mixed ensiling method |
| CN104126741B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | The herbal Silaging method of the energy of a kind of anaerobic fermentation and ensiling material mixing device |
| CN111053156A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-24 | 富民前龙养殖有限公司 | Preparation method of ecological feed |
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| CN1623421A (en) | 2005-06-08 |
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