CN1255941A - 沉积作用增强的个人清洁条 - Google Patents
沉积作用增强的个人清洁条 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1255941A CN1255941A CN98805106A CN98805106A CN1255941A CN 1255941 A CN1255941 A CN 1255941A CN 98805106 A CN98805106 A CN 98805106A CN 98805106 A CN98805106 A CN 98805106A CN 1255941 A CN1255941 A CN 1255941A
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
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Abstract
本发明涉及增强皂条有益试剂沉积的方法,该方法包括单独制备包含有益试剂和沉积聚合物(例如阳离子聚合物)的辅助组分;和包含表面活性剂体系的基本皂条组分。通过与基本皂条组分分开混合辅助组分,可能使最终皂条的有益试剂沉积增加,而不危及加工或消费属性(例如发泡)。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及增强使用辅助组分的条组合物中的有益试剂沉积的方法。具体而言,单独制得含有有益试剂和沉积聚合物的有益辅助物,并与含有表面活性剂的碎片混合形成最终的条。使用有益辅助组分,申请人能够提供可感觉到的皮肤有益效果,而对条的加工没有负面影响并且没有危及泡沫性能。在第二种实施方案中,本发明涉及使用所述的辅助组分制备的条。
发明背景
配制个人洗涤条,能够向皮肤传递充分的皮肤有益试剂,提供可感觉到的皮肤有益效果,并且同时不影响条的加工(例如有益试剂可粘结或阻塞机械装置或具有高粘性,使得条组合物难以挤出)和/或影响条应用的性质(例如发泡)是困难的。
例如,含高量油的皂条已被叙述在Ferrara等人的美国专利US3814698中。然而,这种皂条倾向发泡性能降低,它们柔软并且随着日益使用它们变得更柔软,使得皂条难以使用和使用起来不理想。除了以上不理想的性质外,含高量油的皂条是柔软和成糊性的,导致难以通过常规条挤出设备进行加工。
意想不到地,申请人发现当有益试剂单独掺入条中作为条辅助物的一部分时,实现了有益试剂沉积增强,而不影响加工或构成泡沫体积,其中条辅助物包含(1)有益试剂;(2)沉积聚合物助剂(例如阳离子聚合物);和(3)任选地水溶性或可分散的材料(例如控制添加剂的强度、流动性和分散能力)。
使用沉积聚合物例如阳离子聚合物来增强水不溶性粒子(例如硅油)的沉积在液体洗发剂向头发沉积的技术领域中是已知的。例如Sime的美国专利US5037818教导了增强洗发剂在头发上沉积的阳离子物。
WO94/03152(授予Unilever PLC)讲授了使用阳离子聚合物可有效地在皮肤上沉积硅油的液体清洁剂。
Bolich,Jr等的美国专利US4788006讲授了含有2-50微米聚硅氧烷颗粒的洗发剂,该组合物含有调节头发的苍耳烷(xanthan)胶。
然而以上参考文献中没有一篇涉及使用阳离子聚合物使有益试剂从皂条中向皮肤上沉积,更不用说使用包含有益试剂、沉积助剂(例如阳离子物)和任选的水溶性或水可分散性材料的特定辅助组分,其中辅助物可提供有益效果,而不危及条的加工和/或条使用性质。
现有技术中公开了含有浴用调节油的个人清洁条(参见例如Ferrara的美国专利US3814698)。但该调节油降低了起泡和发泡,增加了在压条和冲压中的加工难度,并且没有以化合物的形式充分沉积,提供可感觉到的皮肤效果。
现有技术中还公开了包含阳离子聚合物以提供调节皮肤效果和/或温和性的个人洗涤条(参见Small等人的美国专利US4673525;Medcalf,Jr等的US4820447;和Small等的US5096608)。其中阳离子物没有加入单独的辅助粉末/碎片中,在压条和挤压前,所述辅助粉末/碎片与基本碎片混合制得最终皂条。不希望受理论限制,相信在与基本碎片混合之前,这种单独的浓区域组分的形成使得本发明与参考文献相比,发生了沉积作用增强。
Parran,Jr的美国专利US3761418公开了含有水不溶性颗粒物质和阳离子聚合物以增加颗粒物质在用洗涤剂组合物洗涤的表面上沉积和滞留的洗涤剂组合物。具体而言,公开了使用阳离子聚合物使得盥洗洗涤剂条的抗菌剂的沉积增加。另外,该参考文献没有讲授或建议在与基本碎片混合之前,在单独的碎片/粉末中使用阳离子聚合物和有益试剂。
总之,已知使用阳离子物可增加个人清洁产品的水不溶性颗粒的沉积(例如使用阳离子物增加洗涤剂条的抗菌沉积作用)。然而,当使用阳离子物来增加油沉积时,沉积作用小并且不足以有可感觉到的皮肤效果。这是因为在最终形成条之前,阳离子物和有益试剂/油与组合物的其余组分不是物理分离的。
意想不到地,申请人发现当单独制得有益试剂和阳离子聚合物,之后与其他条组分混合时,得到了沉积作用增加。另外,使用辅助碎片/粉末制备的条可容易地通过常规条工艺加工,并且不危及泡沫性质。
最后,申请人注意到在同本主题申请相同日期提交的未结案申请,题目为“包括使用特定的喷雾可干燥的辅助粉末制备有益试剂沉积作用增加的条组合物的方法”中,申请人讲授了使用单独制备的辅助粉末与含有表面活性剂的基本碎片混合。但该发明的辅助物包含具有最低熔点(80℃和更高,优选约100℃)的载体,并且仅可通过喷雾干燥制备。相反,本发明辅助物可通过喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥和其他干燥方式制备。
发明概述
本发明涉及增强条的有益试剂沉积作用的方法,该方法包括单独制备(1)辅助组分,其中包含有益试剂、沉积聚合物和任选地水溶性或水可分散的聚合物和(2)含表面活性剂的“基本”组分。
本发明辅助组分包含:
按该组分的重量计,20%-96%,优选30%-60%的有益试剂;
按该组分的重量计,2%-40%,优选5%-30%阳离子聚合物;
按该组分的重量计,0%-78%水溶性或水可分散的填料;
按该组分的重量计,0%-15%水。
本发明的最终条包含占条组合物总重量的约5%-50%,优选15%-35%上述公开的辅助组分。
在第二种实施方案中,本发明涉及制备本发明辅助组分的方法,包括混合有益试剂、沉积聚合物和任选地水溶性/可分散的试剂;和干燥所述混合物(例如通过冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥或滚筒干燥)制得固体或半固体辅助物。
发明详述
本发明涉及增强有益试剂沉积作用的方法,该方法包括单独制备条辅助物,其包含有益试剂、沉积助剂(例如阳离子聚合物)和任选的水溶性/水可分散的材料。该辅助物与“基本”条组合物混合、压条、挤压和冲压,制得最终的条或它们与熔融状的基本条组合物混合并固化成条。
本发明还涉及条组合物,其包含(a)有益试剂组分和(b)所述“基料”(主要包括表面活性剂体系)的混合物。
以下更详细地描述各单独辅助物和基本条组合物。
辅助组分
本发明的辅助组分(如所述的,有益试剂和沉积聚合物必须作为单独的辅助组分加入,而不是在初始混合时作为各自组分与其他最终条组分一起加入)具有以下组成:(1)按该组分的重量计,20%-96%有益试剂;(2)按该组分的重量计,2%-40%,优选5%-30%沉积(例如阳离子)聚合物;(3)按该组分的重量计,0%-78%水溶性或水可分散的填料;和(4)按该组分的重量计,0%-15%水。有益试剂组分
本发明的有益试剂“组分”可以是单一的有益试剂组分或可以是通过载体加入的有益试剂化合物。另外,有益试剂组分可以是两种或多种化合物的混合物。在这种情况下,油和固体化合物的混合物不是优选的,因为油与疏水固体颗粒的组合可起抗泡剂的作用,它们倾向降低含有这种有益辅助物的条的泡沫。此外,有益试剂本身可起到希望加入条组合物中的其他组分的载体作用。
有益试剂可以是“润肤油”,意思是通过增加皮肤水分含量软化皮肤(角质层)和通过阻止水分含量降低保持皮肤柔软的一种物质。
优选的润肤油包括:a)硅氧烷油、纯胶和其改性物例如直链的和环状的聚二甲基硅氧烷;氨基、烷基、烷芳基和芳基硅氧烷油;b)脂肪和油,包括天然脂肪和油例如西蒙得木、大豆、米糠、鳄梨、杏仁、橄榄、芝麻、桃仁、蓖麻、椰子、貂油;可可脂、牛油、猪脂;通过将前述的油加氢得到的硬化油;和合成的一、二和三甘油酯例如肉豆蔻酸甘油酯和2-乙基己酸甘油酯;c)蜡例如巴西棕榈蜡、鲸蜡、峰蜡、羊毛脂和其衍生物;d)疏水的植物提取物;e)烃例如液体石蜡、矿脂、微晶蜡、地蜡、鱼肝油烯、姥鲛烷和矿物油;f)高级脂肪酸,例如月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山嵛酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、羊毛酯酸(lanolic)、异硬脂酸和多不饱和的脂肪酸(PUFA);g)高级醇,例如月桂醇、鲸蜡醇、十八烷醇、油醇、山嵛醇、胆甾烯醇和2-十六烷醇;h)酯例如辛酸鲸蜡酯、乳酸肉豆蔻酯、乳酸鲸蜡酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、己二酸异丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、油酸癸酯、异硬脂酸胆甾烯醇酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、二硬脂酸甘油酯、三硬脂酸甘油酯、乳酸烷基酯、柠檬酸烷基酯和酒石酸烷基酯;i)精油,例如薄荷属、茉莉、樟脑、白雪松、苦橙皮、ryu、松节油、肉桂、香柠檬、温州蜜枯、白菖油、松树、熏衣草、月桂、丁子香、目罗汉柏、桉树、柠檬、七瓣莲、百里香、薄荷、蔷薇、一串红、薄荷醇、桉树脑、丁子香酚、柠檬醛、香茅油、冰片、里哪醇、香叶醇、偶樱草、樟脑、百里酚、spirantol、蒎烯、柠檬烯和萜油;j)类脂类例如在欧洲专利说明书556957中描述的胆甾醇、神经酰胺、蔗糖酯和假神经酰胺;k)维生素例如维生素A和E,和维生素烷基酯,包括维生素C烷基酯;l)防晒剂例如辛基甲氧基肉桂酸酯(Parsol MCX)和丁基甲氧基苯甲酰甲烷(Parsol 1789);m)磷酯;和n)任意上述组分的混合物。
特别优选的有益试剂是硅氧烷油、矿脂和植物油,优选粘度大于约1000厘泊。该聚硅氧烷可以是树胶和/或其可以是聚硅氧烷的混合物,还优选粘度大于1000厘沲。一个实例是粘度约60000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
有益试剂一般占辅助组分重量的约20%-96%,优选30%-80%。沉积聚合物
沉积聚合物可以是阳离子聚合物或具有过量正电荷的两性聚合物。适合于辅助组分的沉积聚合物的实例描述在WO94/03152、WO93/04161、WO93/21293、US4299494和US4272515。这些是阳离子瓜耳木胶衍生物可按商品名Jaguar(R)从Rhone-Poulenc商购,例如JaguarC13S、Jaguar C16、Jaguar C14S或Jaguar C17;按商品名N-Hance(R)从Hercules商购的那些,例如N-Hance3215、N-Hance3196或N-Hance3000;和可从Union Carbide按商品名Polymer JR(R)购得的阳离子纤维素醚。其他优选的阳离子聚合物是合成的阳离子聚合物,例如可按商品名Merquat(R)100或Merquat(R)550购得的二甲基二烷基氯化铵均聚物或共聚物,可按商品名Merquet(R)280从Calgon公司购得的二甲基二烷基氯化铵丙烯酸两性聚合物,从Allied Colloids Inc.购得的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺例如Salcare(R)和从GAF公司购得的阳离子乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物例如Gafpuat(R)。
其他的阳离子物包括Mirapol聚合物,例如由Miranol Chemicals购得的Mirapol A15(R),和阳离子淀粉例如由Staley,Inc.制备的StaLok 300和400(R)。
沉积聚合物可占辅助组分的2%-40%重量,优选5%-30%。水溶性/可分散的填料
水溶性/可分散的填料一般是辅助组分的一部分,其不是由有益试剂和沉积聚合物构成。
填料是用来改善辅助组分的物理性质例如流动性、硬度、水敏感度和水分散性。本发明的辅助组分优选是固体或半固体材料,它们不是发粘的,容易控制和加工,并且在条加工条件下能够保持它们的完整性。在掺入到条中之后,辅助组分应当以不连续颗粒存在于条中,所述不连续颗粒富集了皮肤有益试剂和沉积聚合物,在条使用过程中能更有效地向皮肤提供有益试剂。为了避免砂质、发粘和其他不希望的条使用性质,可使用水溶性或可分散的填料来改善不连续的辅助颗粒。
具体而言,通过变化在辅助组分中含有的填料的量和类型,可获得所需的辅助组分加工和使用物理性质。
各种水溶性或可分散的材料可用作这些目的的填料。该填料是指固体材料,尤其是当有益试剂是油质材料时。用作改善性质的填料的水溶性或可分散的材料的实例包括(1)适合于个人清洁应用的阴离子、非离子或两性表面活性剂,例如烷基醚硫酸盐、椰油基羟乙磺酸盐或椰油基氨基丙基甜菜碱;(2)高分子量非离子材料例如由Union Carbide按商品名Carbowax(R)销售的聚乙二醇、由Air Product按商品名Airvol(R)销售的聚乙烯醇、从ISP Technologies,Inc.得到的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、由National Starch&Chemicals按商品名Capsm(R)或Purity Gum Bee(R)销售的麦芽糖糊精或改性的玉米淀粉、由Dow Chemical按商品名Methocel(R)销售的纤维素醚或由Aqualon得到的Nitrosol(R);(3)无机或有机盐例如硫酸钠和硫酸镁,柠檬酸盐或;(4)水可分散的有机或无机固体颗粒,例如二氧化硅、硅酸盐、滑石粉、方解石、高岭土、脂肪酸、蜡、淀粉和尺寸小于10mm,优选小于5mm的脂肪酸的不溶性盐。任选组分
可任选地存在于辅助组分中的其他材料是多元醇例如甘油或丙二醇和其他的表面活性剂,包括两性表面活性剂例如椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱。
辅助组分还可包含0%-15%,优选1%-10%水。辅助组分的制备
一般,辅助组分是通过将所有组分与水混合形成均一的含水混合物来制备。该混合物然后干燥,即冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥或滚筒干燥形成固体或半固体材料。有益试剂可作为纯组分或乳剂加入到含水混合物中。干燥前,含水混合物中的有益试剂的尺寸,对于非固体有益试剂例如聚硅氧烷油或矿脂应当在100mm-0.1mm范围,优选在50mm-0.1mm范围,对于固体有益试剂例如脂肪酸或蜡应当在10mm-0.1mm。
基本条组分
本发明包括条组合物,该条中5%-50%重量,优选10%-35%是上述的辅助组分,该条中95%-50%是“基本”组分,其一般包括定义最终条的表面活性剂体系。若条是通过挤压方法制备,则基本组分可以是固体;若条,例如是通过熔融铸造法制备,则基本组分可以是熔融液体。
具体而言,表面活性剂体系“基本”组分包含约30%-90%重量表面活性剂体系,其中表面活性剂选自皂(包括纯皂表面活性剂体系)、阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性/两性离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂和它们的混合物。这些碎片还可包含常见于最终条组合物中的其他组分,例如少量香料、防腐剂、遮光剂、皮感聚合物等。表面活性剂体系
这里使用的术语“皂”按其通常的意义,即脂族烷烃或烯烃单羧酸的碱金属或烷醇铵盐。钠、钾、单-、二-和三-乙醇铵阳离子或它们的混合物适合于本发明目的。一般,在本发明组合物中使用钠皂,但皂中约1%-约25%可以是钾皂。用于本发明的皂是公知的具有约12-22个碳原子,优选约12-约18个碳原子的天然或合成的脂族(烷或烯)酸的碱金属盐。它们可被描述为具有约12-约22个碳原子的丙烯烃的碱金属羧酸盐。
具有椰油脂肪酸分布的皂可具有更低端值的宽分子量范围。具有花生或菜子油或它们氢化衍生物的脂肪酸分布的那些皂可具有较高端值的宽分子量范围。
优选使用具有椰油或牛油或它们的混合物的脂肪酸分布的皂,因为这些是其中更容易得到的脂肪。在椰油皂中具有至少12个碳原子的脂肪酸的比例是约85%。当使用椰油和脂肪例如牛油、棕榈油或非热带坚果油或脂肪的混合物时,其中主要的链长是C16和更长,该比例更大。用于本发明组合物的优选皂具有至少约85%约12-18个碳原子的脂肪酸。
皂中使用的椰油可完全或部分由其他“高alluric”油(即总脂肪酸中至少50%是由月桂酸或肉豆蔻酸和它们的混合物组成的油或脂肪)代替。这些油一般由椰油类的热带坚果油示例说明。例如,它们包括棕榈仁油、巴巴苏油、小冠椰子油、星实榈油、羽叶棕榈果油、星实榈油、价波特仁油、khakan仁油、地咖坚果油和肉豆蔻脂。
优选的皂是约15%-约20%椰油和约80%-约85%牛油的混合物。这些混合物含有约95%具有约12-约18个碳原子的脂肪酸。该皂可由椰油制备,其中C12-C18链长脂肪酸的含量为约85%。
该皂可含有根据商业可接受标准的不饱和度。通常避免过量的不饱和度。
皂可通过经典的釜式蒸馏法或现行的连续制皂工艺来制备,其中使用本领域技术人员公知的步骤将天然脂肪和油例如牛油或椰子油或它们的等同物用碱金属氢氧化物皂化。另外,皂可通过用碱金属氢氧化物或碳酸盐中和脂肪酸例如月桂酸(C12)、肉豆蔻酸(C14)、棕榈酸(C16)或硬脂酸(C18)来制备。
可使用的阴离子洗涤剂活性物可以是脂族磺酸盐,例如伯烷烃(例如C8-C22)磺酸盐、伯烷烃(例如C8-C22)二磺酸盐、C8-C22烯烃磺酸盐、C8-C22羟烷烃磺酸盐或烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐(AGS);或芳族磺酸盐例如烷基苯磺酸盐。
阴离子表面活性剂还可以是烷基硫酸盐(例如C12-C18烷基硫酸盐)或烷基醚硫酸盐(包括烷基甘油基醚硫酸盐),烷基醚硫酸盐具有下式:
RO(CH2CH2O)nSO3M其中R是8-18个碳原子,优选12-18个碳原子的烷基或链烯基,n平均值大于1.0,优选大于3;M是增溶性的阳离子例如钠、钾、铵或取代的铵。优选月桂基醚硫酸铵和钠。
阴离子表面活性剂还可以是烷基磺基琥珀酸盐(包括单-和二烷基,例如C6-C22磺基琥珀酸盐);烷基和酰基牛磺酸盐、烷基和酰基肌氨酸盐、磺基乙酸盐、C8-C22烷基磷酸盐和磷酸盐、烷基磷酸酯和烷氧基烷基磷酸酯、酰基乳酸盐、C8-C22单烷基琥珀酸盐和马来酸盐、磺基乙酸盐、烷基葡糖苷和酰基羟乙磺酸盐。
磺基琥珀酸盐可以是具有下式的单烷基磺基琥珀酸盐:
R4O2CCH2CH(SO3M)CO2M,和具有下式的酰氨-MEA磺基琥珀酸盐:
R4CONHCH2CH2O2CCH2CH(SO3M)CO2M其中R4是C8-C20烷基,M是增溶性阳离子。
肌氨酸盐一般由下式表示:
R1CON(CH3)CH2CO2M其中R1是C8-C20烷基,M是增溶性阳离子。
牛磺酸盐一般由下式定义:
R2CONR3CH2CH2SO3M其中R2是C8-C20烷基,R3是C1-C4烷基,M是增溶性阳离子。
特别优选的是C8-C18酰基羟乙磺酸盐。这些酯通过碱金属羟乙磺酸盐与具有6-18个碳原子并且碘值低于20的混合脂族羧酸之间的反应来制备。至少75%混合的脂肪酸具有12-18个碳原子,多至25%脂肪酸具有6-10个碳原子。
酰基羟乙磺酸盐当存在时,一般为条组合物总重量的约10%-约70%。优选,该组分的含量为约30%-约60%。
酰基羟乙磺酸盐可以是烷氧基化的羟乙磺酸盐,例如描述在Ilardi等的美国专利US5393466中,该文献在本文引用作参考。该化合物具有以下通式:其中R是8-18个碳原子的烷基,m是1-4的整数,X和Y是氢或具有1-4个碳原子的烷基,M+是一价阳离子,例如钠、钾或铵。
可用于本发明的两性洗涤剂包括至少一种酸基。该酸基可以是羧酸或磺酸基。它们包括四元的氮原子,因此它们是季酰胺酸。它们一般应当包括7-18个碳原子的烷基或链烯基。它们通常具有总结构式:其中R1是具有7-18个碳原子的烷基或链烯基;R2和R3均独立地是具有1-3个碳原子的烷基、羟烷基或羧烷基,m是2至4,n是0或1,x是任选地被羟基取代的具有1-3个碳原子的亚烷基,和Y是-CO2-或-SO3-。
在以上通式内的适合的两性洗涤剂包括下式简单的甜菜碱:和下式的酰胺甜菜碱:其中n是2或3。
在这两式中,R1,R2和R3同前述的定义。R1可以是,特别是由椰子油得到的C12和C14烷基的混合物,以致至少一半,优选至少四分之三的R1具有10至14个碳原子。R2和R3优选是甲基。
可用作本发明第二种组分的非离子表面活性剂包括,特别是具有疏水基和活性氢原子的化合物,例如脂族醇、酸、酰胺或烷基酚与氧化烯,尤其是单独的环氧乙烷或同环氧丙烷的反应产物。具体的非离子洗涤剂化合物是烷基(C6-C22)酚氧化乙烯缩合物、脂族(C8-C18)伯或仲直链或支链醇与环氧乙烷的缩合产物和由环氧乙烷与由环氧丙烷与乙二胺的反应产物进行缩合制得的产物。其他所谓的非离子洗涤剂化合物包括长链叔胺氧化物、长链叔膦氧化物和二烷基亚砜。
非离子表面活性剂还可以是糖酰胺,例如多糖酰胺。具体而言,表面活性剂可以是Au等的美国专利US5389279中描述的乳糖酰胺中的一种,该文献在本文引用作参考,或可以是Kelkenberg的美国专利US5009814中描述的糖酰胺中的一种,该文献在本申请中引用作参考。
阳离子洗涤剂的实例是季铵化合物,例如烷基二甲基铵卤化物。
可使用的其他表面活性剂描述在Parran Jr.的美国专利US3723325中和由Schwartz,Perry&Berch编著的“表面活性剂和洗涤剂”(第I&II卷),这两篇文献也在本发明引用作参考。
尽管皂条可以是纯的皂条,但优选这种碎片的表面活性剂体系(在皂条中形成表面活性剂体系)包括:
(a)第一种合成表面活性剂,其是阴离子表面活性剂;和
(b)第二种合成表面活性剂,其选自不同与第一种表面活性剂的第二种阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂和它们的混合物。
第一种阴离子表面活性剂可以是上述那些中的任何一种,但优选上述的C8-C18羟乙磺酸盐。优选酰基羟乙磺酸盐占条组合物总重量的10%-90%,优选10%-70%。
第二种表面活性剂优选是磺基琥珀酸盐、甜菜碱或这两种的混合物。第二种表面活性剂或表面活性剂的混合物一般占条组合物总重量的1%-10%。特别优选的组合物包括足够的构成条组合物总重量的3-8%的磺基琥珀酸盐和足够的构成条组合物总重量的1-5%的甜菜碱。加工形成最终条
一般,本发明保湿清洁条可通过现有技术公知的常规技术,例如挤压、熔融浇铸或冷冻工艺来制备。制备本发明最终条的优选工艺是挤压工艺,其包括混合、干燥、加料混合、研磨、压条和冲压步骤。在该方法中,在压条之前,例如在加料混合或研磨阶段中,上述的辅助组分可加入表面活性剂“基本”组分和其他条添加剂中并与之混合。该预混合物然后通过压条机挤出并冲压形成本发明的条。另一优选的方法是熔融浇铸/冷冻方法,其中表面活性剂和其他条组分在高温下混合形成可流动的熔融流体。该熔融流体然后泵送或注入到冷模中,在模中固化形成条。在该方法中,有益辅助组分在固化之前可作为分散颗粒加入到熔融流体中。
以下实施例是进一步说明本发明,而不是以任何方式限制本发明。
除非另外说明,所有百分数是重量百分数。实施例含辅助组分的条的制备
按以下制备该实例的含有益试剂(例如聚硅氧烷)的辅助组分。将去离子水、水溶性或可分散的填料(表面活性剂/脂肪酸混合物或Carbowax PEG2000)、皮肤有益试剂(从Dow Corning得到的0.5微米聚硅氧烷乳剂)和阳离子沉积聚合物(在甘油分散剂中的Jaguar C13S和Merquart 100)加入到反应器中,并在70℃下使用架设的搅拌装置进行混合,直至所有组分完全溶解或分散形成均一的混合物。该混合物然后冷却至室温左右并过夜冷冻干燥形成用于制备条的易流动固体辅助组分。
首先通过将15%重量的冷冻干燥的固体辅助组分与85%重量的条碎片在容器中混合制备含以上制得的固体辅助组分的条。然后将该辅助组分/碎片混合物通过Sigma Bench Top挤压机挤出两次形成圆条,冲压制得本发明实例条。沉积
使用Varian Spectra AA600原子光谱测定条有益试剂(例如聚硅氧烷油)的沉积。将2英寸乘以2英寸的猪皮方条用温自来水预润湿,并将0.5ml水施加到该猪皮上。然后用皂条擦拭皮肤15秒钟,起泡沫15秒钟并用流动的温自来水漂清10秒钟。然后用卫生纸揭干一次并允许干燥2分钟。处理过的皮肤用10克二甲苯萃取。通过原子光谱测定二甲苯萃取液中的聚硅氧烷含量。
实施例1&2:有益皂条
制备具有类似组成的本发明条(实施例1和2)和对比实施例条(对比实施例1)。除了无阳离子沉积聚合物含在聚硅氧烷辅助组分中以外,对比实施例1与实施例1条具有相同组成。实施例2与实施例1相似,但含有不同的填料。还制备另一种对比实施例条(对比实施例2),其含有均匀分布在皂条中的阳离子沉积聚合物和聚硅氧烷乳剂。通过将阳离子沉积聚合物和聚硅氧烷乳剂充分地与所有其他皂条组分混合制备皂条碎片来制备对比实施例2条(即首先不制备单独的辅助组分)。该碎片然后被挤压并冲压制得对比实施例2条,在该条中均匀分布阳离子聚合物和聚硅氧烷油,而不是如实施例1和2皂条(和对比实施例1)那样富集在辅助组分中。组合物列在下表中:
表1
冷冻干燥前聚硅氧烷辅助组分的组成 | |||
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 对比实施例1 | |
皮肤有益试剂聚硅氧烷乳剂* | 30g | 30g | 30g |
阳离子沉积聚合物Jaguar C13S**MerQuart MQ100(40%) | 1g10g | 1g10g | -- |
水溶性或可分散的填料表面活性剂/脂肪酸混合物***Carbowax PEG2000 | 20g- | -20g | 20g- |
其他材料甘油椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱(30%) | 4g3.4g | 4g3.4g | -3.4g |
水 | 至200g | 至150g | 至150g |
含辅助组分的条的组成 | |||
冷冻干燥的聚硅氧烷辅助组分 | 30g | 30g | 25.4g |
预混合的条碎片**** | 170g | 170g | 174.6g |
实施例1、实施例2和对比实施例1的条是含辅助组分的条。对比实施例2是不含辅助组分的条,其含有1%Jaguar C13S、5%聚硅氧烷油和96%皂条碎片。*聚硅氧烷乳剂:从Dow Corning得到的60000cps的聚硅氧烷油乳剂,50%固体,0.5mm。**Jaguar C13S:从Rhone-Poulenc得到的阳离子纤维素。***74.9%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、21.8%脂肪酸和3.0%羟乙磺酸钠****皂条碎片含有51.9%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、21.1%硬脂酸、4.90%羟乙磺酸钠、3.3%椰油脂肪酸、11.8%脂肪酸钠皂和其他少量组分。
测试这些组分制备的条的沉积结果,结果列在下面。
以下给出了以上制备的皂条的聚硅氧烷油在猪皮上的沉积。实施例1 3.02微克/cm2皮肤实施例2 2.89微克/cm2皮肤对比实施例1和2 <0.2微克/cm2皮肤
以上结果清楚说明了皮肤有益试剂从优选的实施例皂条(首先制备辅助组分的实施例1和2,其中辅助组分含有阳离子沉积聚合物)向皮肤的沉积比两种对比实施例(即在辅助组分中不含有阳离子沉积助剂的一种和不制备辅助组分,有益试剂和阳离子物均匀混合到组合物中的一种)大得多。实施例3-4:含有益试剂的皂条
按实施例1和2制备另外的实施例3和4。首先制备辅助碎片/粉末,然后与“常规”含表面活性剂的皂条碎片混合再来制备实施例3和4。对比实施例3和4不同于实施例3和4,仅仅在于在辅助组分中使用阳离子沉积聚合物。在下表2中先列出组成:
表2
*聚硅氧烷乳剂:从Dow Corning得到的60000cps的聚硅氧烷油乳剂,50%固体,0.5mm。**皂条碎片含有51.9%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、21.1%硬脂酸、4.90%羟乙磺酸钠、3.3%椰油脂肪酸、11.8%脂肪酸钠皂和其他少量组分。
冷冻干燥前聚硅氧烷辅助组分的组成 | ||||
实施例3 | 对比实施例3 | 实施例4 | 对比实施例4 | |
皮肤有益试剂聚硅氧烷乳剂*聚硅氧烷油(从DowCorning得到的60000cps) | 50g | 50g | -25g | -25g |
沉积聚合物MerQuart MQ280(20%) | 30g | - | 30 | - |
水溶性或可分散的填料Carbowax PEG4000 | 44g | 44g | 44g | 44g |
其他材料椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱(30%) | 3.4g | 3.4g | 3.4g | 3.4g |
水 | 至140g | 至120g | 至121g | 至91g |
含辅助组分的条的组成 | ||||
冷冻干燥的聚硅氧烷辅助组分 | 30g | 26.6g | 30g | 26.6g |
预混合的条碎片*** | 170g | 174.4g | 170g | 174.4g |
在这些实施例中,另一种沉积聚合物,MerQuart MQ280(得自Calgon)是二甲基二烷基氯化铵和丙烯酸的高电荷阳离子共聚物,高粘度的聚硅氧烷油(60,000cps)用于辅助组分的制备。按实施例1-2中描述的方法制备如所述的聚硅氧烷油辅助组分和实施例皂条。
测定这4种皂条的聚硅氧烷在猪皮上的沉积并列在下面。实施例3 2.39微克/cm2皮肤对比实施例3 0.68微克/cm2皮肤实施例4 5.02微克/cm2皮肤对比实施例4 0.80微克/cm2皮肤
由此可见,实施例皂条3和4沉积的聚硅氧烷油的量比在辅助组分中不含阳离子聚合物的对比实施例大得多。另外,清楚显示了阳离子沉积聚合物在辅助组分中的临界状态。实施例5-7:含低粘度聚硅氧烷油的辅助组分
使用实施例1-2中描述的相同步骤制备具有表3中所示组成的实施例5、6、7和对比实施例。
表3
*Jaguar C13:从Rhone-Poulenc得到的阳离子纤维素。**74.9%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、21.8%脂肪酸和3.0%羟乙磺酸钠。***皂条碎片含有51.9%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、21.1%硬脂酸、4.90%羟乙磺酸钠、3.3%椰油脂肪酸、11.8%脂肪酸钠皂和其他少量组分。
冷冻干燥前聚硅氧烷辅助组分的组成 | ||||
实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 对比实施例 | |
皮肤有益试剂聚硅氧烷油60000cps聚硅氧烷油1000cps | 25g- | 25g- | -25g | 25g- |
阳离子沉积聚合物Jaguar C13S*MerQuart MQ100(20%) | -31.3g | 2.5g- | -31.3g | -- |
水溶性或可分散的填料表面活性剂/脂肪酸混合物** | 40g | 40g | 40g | 40g |
其他材料甘油椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱(30%) | -3.0g | 7.5g3.0g | -3.0g | -3.0g |
水 | 至156g | 至175g | 至156g | 至125g |
含辅助组分的条的组成 | ||||
冷冻干燥的聚硅氧烷辅助组分 | 27.4g | 32g | 27.4g | 26.6g |
预混合的条碎片*** | 172.6g | 168g | 172.6g | 172.6g |
以下总结了聚硅氧烷油从这些皂条中在猪皮上的沉积。实施例5 1.58微克/cm2皮肤实施例6 2.51微克/cm2皮肤实施例7 2.03微克/cm2皮肤对比实施例5 0.25微克/cm2皮肤
实施例7含有的聚硅氧烷油(从Dow Corning得到的1000cps)的粘度比实施例5、6和对比实施例5使用的聚硅氧烷油的粘度低,其与实施例5和6沉积大致相同量的聚硅氧烷油,比对比实施例5沉积的量大得多。这些实施例表明含有优选的辅助组分的皂条的皮肤有益试剂的沉积不依赖于皮肤有益试剂的粘度。实施例8-10:固体皮肤有益试剂
使用固体皮肤有益试剂、硬脂酸制备本发明的实施例皂条。使用装有均化器、4-叶片混合器和刮刀的Ross混合机制备含有49.5%硬脂酸颗粒和1%重量椰油酰氨丙基甜菜碱的硬脂酸乳剂。向2061g 2%椰油酰氨丙基甜菜碱溶液中加入2021克脂肪酸,并在70℃下乳化。制得的乳剂按Malvern粒度方法测定,具有粒度约37.5微米的针形晶体。
下表4中说明了实施例8-10和对比实施例8的皂条组成。
表4
*皂条碎片含有27.3%椰油基羟乙磺酸钠、9.18%棕榈酸/硬脂酸混合物、33.9%Carbowax PEG8000、2.46%羟乙磺酸钠、5.1%椰油酰氨丙基甜菜碱钠,具有15%孔隙。
冷冻干燥前聚硅氧烷辅助组分的组成 | ||||
实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | 对比实施例8 | |
皮肤有益试剂硬脂酸乳剂 | 90g | 90g | 90g | 180g |
沉积聚合物3%Jaguar C13S溶液10%MerQuart 100溶液40%MerQuart 100溶液 | 99g-- | -29.7- | --29.7 | --- |
含辅助组分的条的组成 | ||||
冷冻干燥的FA辅助组分 | 32g | 32g | 38g | 30g |
条碎片* | 168g | 168g | 162g | 170g |
使用Hobart Kitchen Aid混合器将脂肪酸乳剂与沉积聚合物溶液在室温下混合约30分钟制备实施例8、9和10的脂肪酸辅助组分。脂肪酸/聚合物混合物然后冷冻干燥形成易流动的脂肪酸辅助组分。通过冷冻干燥脂肪酸乳剂制备对比实施例8的脂肪酸辅助组分。按实施例1-2中描述的相同方法制备含有这些脂肪酸辅助组分的皂条。
使用GC测定脂肪酸从这些皂条中向猪皮上的沉积。按实施例1中描述的相同步骤用皂条处理皮肤,只是用10克庚烷代替二甲苯进行萃取。下面给出了脂肪酸从这些皂条中向皮肤上的沉积:实施例8 3.41微克/cm2皮肤实施例9 4.95微克/cm2皮肤实施例10 9.86微克/cm2皮肤对比实施例8 2.5微克/cm2皮肤
该数据表明使用本发明辅助组分也增加了皂条的固体有益试剂的沉积。
Claims (8)
1.一种增加皂条组合物的有益试剂沉积的方法,该方法包括:(A)单独制备:
(1)辅助组分,其包含:
(a)按辅助组分的重量计,20%-96%有益试剂;
(b)按辅助组分的重量计,2%-40%阳离子沉积聚合物;
(c)按辅助组分的重量计,0%-78%水溶性或水可分散的填料;和
(d)按辅助组分的重量计,0%-15%水,和
(2)包含表面活性剂体系的基本组分;和(B)将5-50%所述辅助组分(1)与50-95%基本组分(2)混合,形成皂条。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中辅助组分中的有益试剂占辅助组分的30%-60%。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的方法,其中沉积阳离子聚合物占辅助组分的5%-30%。
4.任一上述权利要求中所述的方法,其中基本组分的表面活性剂体系包括:
(a)第一种阴离子表面活性剂;最好其中羟乙磺酸盐占基本皂条组分的10%-90%;和
(b)第二种表面活性剂,选自不同于第一种表面活性剂的第二种阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂和它们的混合物。
5.任一上述权利要求中所述的方法,其中第一种阴离子表面活性剂是酰基羟乙磺酸盐,任选地其中羟乙磺酸盐占基本皂条组分的10%-90%。
6.根据权利要求4的方法,其中第二种表面活性剂是下列中的任何一种:
(a)磺基琥珀酸盐;
(b)甜菜碱;
(c)酰氨基椰油基甜菜碱;或
(d)包括磺基琥珀酸盐和甜菜碱的混合物。
7.由任一上述权利要求的方法制备的皂条。
8.根据权利要求7的皂条,其包括5%-50%辅助组分和95%-50%包含表面活性剂体系的基本组分。
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RU2568916C1 (ru) * | 2014-07-14 | 2015-11-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий (ФГБОУ ВПО ВГУИТ) | Способ контроля параметров качества битум-полимерной композиции |
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-
1997
- 1997-03-21 US US08/821,504 patent/US5858939A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 RU RU99122612/13A patent/RU2188853C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-23 AU AU66185/98A patent/AU733908B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-01-23 EP EP98908034A patent/EP0970180B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 ID IDW991071A patent/ID22884A/id unknown
- 1998-01-23 BR BR9808396-1A patent/BR9808396A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-23 PL PL98335808A patent/PL335808A1/xx unknown
- 1998-01-23 CZ CZ19993352A patent/CZ296010B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-23 CA CA002282338A patent/CA2282338C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-23 CN CNB988051060A patent/CN1192093C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-23 ES ES98908034T patent/ES2206898T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-23 WO PCT/EP1998/000529 patent/WO1998042815A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-23 JP JP54478298A patent/JP2001518101A/ja active Pending
- 1998-01-23 HU HU0001037A patent/HUP0001037A3/hu unknown
- 1998-01-23 KR KR10-1999-7008555A patent/KR100498945B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-23 DE DE69817789T patent/DE69817789T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-30 ZA ZA9800791A patent/ZA98791B/xx unknown
- 1998-03-10 IN IN127BO1998 patent/IN190051B/en unknown
- 1998-03-17 AR ARP980101194A patent/AR012089A1/es unknown
-
2000
- 2000-07-10 HK HK00104217A patent/HK1025118A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101918524B (zh) * | 2007-12-17 | 2012-05-30 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 清洁皂条 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2282338C (en) | 2007-04-10 |
PL335808A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 |
KR20010005498A (ko) | 2001-01-15 |
AU6618598A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
HUP0001037A2 (hu) | 2000-09-28 |
ES2206898T3 (es) | 2004-05-16 |
EP0970180A1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
RU2188853C2 (ru) | 2002-09-10 |
WO1998042815A1 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
ZA98791B (en) | 1999-07-30 |
CZ296010B6 (cs) | 2005-12-14 |
BR9808396A (pt) | 2000-05-23 |
JP2001518101A (ja) | 2001-10-09 |
CN1192093C (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
IN190051B (zh) | 2003-06-07 |
US5858939A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
AR012089A1 (es) | 2000-09-27 |
HK1025118A1 (en) | 2000-11-03 |
HUP0001037A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
KR100498945B1 (ko) | 2005-07-04 |
CZ9903352A3 (cs) | 2000-12-13 |
DE69817789D1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
CA2282338A1 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
EP0970180B1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
DE69817789T2 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
AU733908B2 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
ID22884A (id) | 1999-12-16 |
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