CN1237887A - 耳标施加器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种动物耳标施加器(1)具有钳口(2),该钳口带有转动销(7),此销可以保持一动物耳标的阳部件(50)并可将其与保持在下钳口(3)的耳标阴部件(51)结合。一旦插销(30)被释放,钳口(2)即不受手柄(4,5)约束被弹簧(16)向打开位置偏置。只有在耳标的阳和阴部件完全结合后才会发生。钳口(2)的这种独立释放及销(7)向前转动能力避免了耳标夹在施加器(1)内,尤其当动物极力挣脱时。本发明施加器还可以采用单片标签。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及一种用于将鉴别用耳标施加在动物例如牛及其它类似动物上的耳标施加器。
在本领域中,许多的耳标施加器已是公知的,而且在很多专利说明书中也公开了一些耳标施加器。针对那些用于设置两片耳标的施加器,已探寻过多种耳标施加后用来释放的方法。最简单的方法是钳型施加器,对此钳型施加器,当手柄被施偏压而相对旋转时钳口转动到打开位置,手柄彼此离开时以释放耳标。如果动物在施加耳标时运动,则动物的耳朵就会受损。由于手柄需要手工关合,因此偏力装置在使用者释放作用于手柄上的压力之前一直不能打开,这就造成某种程度的耽搁。
为了克服该问题,许多种两片耳标施加器上设置一些销,这些销与标签的阳部分结合,该销可以从阳标签上拆下。这种机构并不总是可靠的,销存在着一种趋势,一旦阳标签与阴标签结合后,当动物挣脱时,销与阳标签的结合有可能脱不开。
出于简便的目的,本发明将针对两片耳标进行具体描述,该两片耳标包括一个阳标签和一个阴标签,尽管对于单片标签,阳和阴标签为一个部件。但是,可以理解,本发明很容易用于单片耳标,就单片耳标而言,动物耳朵同样会阻止标签施放将标签拉掉。
发明目的
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种动物耳标施加器,该施加器将克服现有技术的一些缺点或者至少给公众提供一种有用的选择。
发明内容
相应地,在第一方面,本发明总体来说可以包括在一个动物耳标施加器内,该施加器包括:
第一钳口部分,此钳口部分与动物耳标的一部分结合;
第二钳口部分;
第一和第二手柄部分,这两部分用于运动所述第一和第二钳口部分以便所述第一手柄部分相对第二手柄部分的移动驱动第一和第二钳口部分朝对方移动从而使所述耳标的所述部分与动物耳朵结合;
偏置装置,用于将所述钳口部分偏置于打开位置;及
其中,所述第一钳口部分可以在所述偏置装置的作用下移动到打开位置,此打开位置与所述手柄部分无关,但是,只有当耳标的所述部分完全与动物耳朵结合后第一钳口部分才能移动到该打开位置。
所述第一钳口部分最好设置有一个细长的结合装置以便与所述耳标之所述部分的空腔配合。
最好所述细长结合装置在受到横过所述细长结合装置的力的作用下适于从所述第一钳口部分向外移动。
最好所述细长结合装置转动连接在所述第一钳口部分上,或者具有一定的弹性以允许所述细长结合装置可以从所述施加器向外发生至少部分转动。
所述第一钳口部分最好只在所述耳标的所述部分已经与动物耳朵完全结合后才脱离所述手柄部分的相应运动,以便所述第一钳口部分可以绕一公共的转轴旋转到到与所述手柄部分无关的所述打开位置。
在阅读下面描述的基础上,本领域技术人员还可以清楚本发明的其它方面。
下面将结合如下附图对本发明进行描述:
附图简介
图1是本发明施加器之第一实施例的透视图;
图2是图1所示装置之部件的分解透视图;
图3是图1和2所示装置的剖视图;
图4是本发明施加器之另一个实施例的透视图;
图5是图4所示实施例的横剖图;
图6A和6B是图4和5所示钳口/销组件的侧视图和正视图;
图7是图4到6所示实施例的分解透视图;
图8示出了图4到7所示的实施例,图中销已向外转动;
图9示出了图4到8所示的实施例,图中的该实施例处于其钳口关闭位置并且夹持着一耳标;
图10示出了图9所示的施加器,图中的施加器处于钳口关闭之前的状态;及
图11示出了图9和10所示的施加器,图中所示施加器处于销已从标签释放之后的状态。
最佳实施例
参见附图1至3,如图所示的施加器1具有一个第一钳口2和一个第二钳口3,这两个钳口可以分别与两片耳标的第一和第二或阳和阴部件50,51相结合,或者也可以与单独一片耳标(图中未示)相结合。当钳口2,3朝对方移动时,耳标的部分可以结合在动物耳的两侧以将标签保留在动物耳上。
在此特殊实施例中,第一和第二钳口部分2,3的移动是通过分别操纵第一和第二手柄部分4,5达到的。当手柄部分4,5向对方拉动时,钳口部分2和3向关闭位置移动,在该位置可以发生耳标的结合。在图1中,图中所示钳口部分2和3处于打开位置。
尽管手柄部分和钳口部分都被作为一种钳型布置的部件,其它种类的结构也是可以的。其它形式的手柄可以提供不同的动作来驱动第一和第二钳朝对方运动。但是,带有绕公共轴6动作的手柄和钳口的钳型布置由于其结构简单因而是最佳的选择。
可以理解,第一钳口部分2可以带有一个细长结合装置7,该结合装置7为销状较好,设置该结合装置7的目的是为了结合在阳标签50的空腔内并驱动该标签向第二钳口3和被保持装置8所保持的阴标签51运动。如图3中横剖面所具体所示,保持装置8可以为一转动盘8,阴标签51可以置于盘8下的空腔9内以便保持在适当位置。如果需要,可以设置适当的偏压装置例如一个弹簧10以在被限制于空腔9内的阴标签51上施加一定压力将标签51保持在合适位置。
如图2所示,尽管手柄部分4和5及钳口部分2和3有一公共的轴,该轴为转轴6,但是,至少一个钳口部分2能够不受手柄部分朝打开位置移动的影响独立运动。在该特殊实施例中,第一钳口2被设置为相对驱动手柄部分5独立的单独部分。
参见图3中的横剖面,可以看到下钳口3与手柄部分4设置成一整体以便使这两部分绕转轴6呈一种的固定关系。第一钳口部分2的上部被连接到绕转轴6动作的转动插销11上,或者与该转动插销做成一体。可以看到,当第二手柄部5被拉向第一手柄部分4时,绕第二手柄部分5上设置的转轴14转动的结合装置12与转动插销11啮合以驱动第一钳口2向着关闭位置运动。当手柄部分4和手柄部分5达到关闭位置时,可以看到,松脱装置13可以与结合装置12结合并将结合装置12绕其自身转轴14转动到一该结合装置12不再与转动插销11结合的位置,在本实施例中该松脱装置13为一个从手柄部分4向下凸出的部分。此后,第一钳口2可以不受手柄部分5制约自由地绕转轴6转动。
如图所示,捕捉或其它结合装置12被弹簧52偏压至一与插销11相结合的位置。凸块13、插销11、捕捉装置12及销7与阳标签50的移动之间的相互关系是这样的,即只有在阳标签50完全与阴标签51结合后,钳口2才能被松脱。
设置偏压装置以将第一钳口2向打开位置偏置。偏置装置还可以按照其它许多形式设置。通常,偏压装置可以某种弹簧的形式设置并且可以包括这样一些结构,即设置于第一和第二钳口部分之间的压簧15、在第一钳口2与手柄部分4之间动作的拉紧弹簧16、或一绕转轴6动作的环形弹簧(图中未示)。如果需要,偏压装置的具体形式可以改变。但是,如果采用一绕该转轴6动作的弹簧,最好如图所示设置拉簧16以减小转轴6周围装置的复杂性,该拉簧16最好使钳口之间的区域空着,如图所示当采用压簧15时要达到这样的目的则更困难。
还可以采用另一种偏压装置,例如压簧29,该装置在使用者解除作用于手柄上的压力时将手柄4、5偏压至一打开位置。此外,偏压装置29可以为多种形式,包括各种弹簧。
一旦结合装置12脱离转动插销11,第一钳口部分2即在偏压装置的作用下自由转动到打开位置。在如图所示结构中,第一钳口部分2回缩直到与第一手柄部分4的附近端部上的支承表面17接触时为止。第一钳口2与支承表面17之间的接触限制了第一钳口部分2向打开位置的转动程度。但是,为了减小第一钳口部分2撞击支承表面17时在手柄部分2上产生的震动,可以在第一钳口2与支承表面17之间设置吸震装置18。在该部分上采用某种弹性材料就足以减小装置达到打开位置时传过装置的震动。
以另一种形式,可以利用转动插销部分11相对第一钳口部分2的转动来停止第一钳口部分2撞击手柄部分4。在如此一种实施例中,可以在结合装置12上设置第二支承表面,例如另一个凸块19。按照该例子,当手柄达到关闭位置且结合部分12从与转动插销11的初始结合位置转动时,第一钳口2将转动直到转动插销部分11支承在第二结合部分19上。还可以采用设置在插销11上的一凸块来撞击或驱动捕捉装置12的面。这样做是最好的,以消除第一钳口部分2与手柄部分4之间的整体接触。
仍参见图3,可以看到,细长结合装置或驱动销7可以相对第一钳口部分2设置成具有一向前的角度A°,以便当钳口部分绕转轴6向关闭位置转动时,在销6的尖端20近乎达到盘8时销7可以基本上垂直下钳口3。进而当阳标签50的端部20接触动物耳朵时销7大致垂直。此时需要给销7施加最大压力以开始穿刺耳朵的操作。向完全关闭位置的进一步转动使销7转过垂直位置以提高标签两部分的紧固结合,在完全关闭位置阳标签50完全与保持在空腔9内的阴标签51结合。现已发现,按照当前的几何法则计算,当销处于完全关闭位置时,销7与下钳口3之间偏离垂直位置约18°到20的角度,此角度还可能略微更大或更小一些。根据具体的布置及绕转轴6的定位,该角度可以有所变化。
现参见图2,最好将转动插销11设置成一个或两个淬硬材料部分,例如图2中所示为两个,这两个插销11都设置在公共的转轴6上。若装置的大部分由这样一种材料如塑料或其它可能被较快磨损的材料制成,插销11采用淬硬或硬质材料就具有特别的好处。在一种替换结构中,许多部件可以由金属制成,特别是由象铝这样的金属制成以减轻重量。同样,结合装置12可以由一种硬材料制成,并为两部分,如图2所示。
在一实施例中,弹簧或偏压装置被同时用来打开手柄4、5并将捕捉装置12重新置于一位置以便再一次与插销11接触,或者这两步骤可以由单独的弹簧或其它偏压装置实现,如前所述。
因此,可以看出,本发明提供了一种用于动物耳标的施加器,该施加器在钳口已达关闭后允许至少一个钳口部分在偏压装置的作用下独立运动,在该关闭位置阳、阴标签被完全结合、耳标被完全插入。这就减小了打开手柄部分4和5以使施加器与耳标脱离的必要性。同时,当钳口仍处于关闭位置时,结合部分7本身不必具有释放耳标的能力。
图4到11示出了本发明的另一个实施例,以前用过的图标被适当保留。在本实施例中,施加器1′在很多地方与前面实施例一致,第一钳口2设置成一个可缩回钳口,该钳口可以从其直接转动连接到手4、5的状态释放,从而使其可以在适当的偏压装置的作用下不受手柄4、5控制独立地转动到打开位置。
但是,在本实施例中,细长销7被装在一个安装块22上,该安装块自身又通过一个转动连接装置23转动安装在第一钳口2上。从图8中可以具体看到,这就允许细长销7沿图4中箭头所指方向从第一钳口2向外转动。
参见原理图5、6和7,从这些图中可以看到,安装块22转动安装以便使细长销7的纵轴位于转轴23后面。按照这种方式,沿细长销7的纵向力在施放标签的过程中帮助将细长销7稳定在其适于插入的位置而不是促使其向外转动。当力施加在细长7上时,其被转轴23和安装块22的唇缘24支撑。唇缘24与第一钳口2背靠结合以防止细长销7从其驱动两片标签相对方运动的位置反转。
可以看到,安装块22设置有凸轮表面25,该凸轮表面25作用在一弹性构件26上以进一步稳定安装块22。但是,当施加侧向力以向外转动细长结合装置7时,表面25可能背离弹性构件26移动从而允许这种向外的转动。构件26将安装块22偏置于销插入位置,但是一旦克服构件位于了安装块22的其它表面附近,其就可能偏压安装块22使得细长销7由第一钳口2指向外面并且大体平行第一钳口2的整体指向,如图8所示。
如果需要全部的转动以从阳标签50释放销7,弹性构件26作用安装块22之凸轮表面25时所采用的该方式允许安装块22沿箭头X的方向向外转动一些并仍被偏置于其稳定位置,如图5所示。
在另一替换实施例中,销7的安装或销本身不是转动的,而是具有部分弹性以进一步允许销7向前转动滑动,这种转动滑动使得销从阳标签50的释放更容易。
提供一种单独可缩回上钳口2与一转动或弹性安装细长销7的结合,该最佳实施例减小了耳标50、51夹在施加器1′内导致动物若在施放耳标过程中努力挣脱时耳朵受损的可能性。释放的两个单独的模式相互协同工作。
如果动物在施放耳标过程中将耳朵拉开,可缩回上钳口2,如第一实施例中所述,仍存在一种夹住的可能性。采用一种固定细长销7后,当销7被夹在其所座落于的阳标签50上的空腔的侧面时,图1至3所示实施例从阳标签50上释放细长销7要费一些周折。
在图4到11所示的第一钳口2可以单独缩回的实施例中,即使细长销7沿箭头X所指方向的最小移动限制动物移动耳朵53而拉动耳标时施加在销7上的力,如图9所示,该力使销夹在阳标签50上不能缩回。销7向一水平位置的完全转动对于提高性能来说不是必须的;即使允许一定侧向力最小的移动都可减小夹住的可能性。尽管该最佳形式指的是细长结合装置7的转动,但是,如前所述,某种形式的侧向弹性或移动也完全可以起到限制耳标可能施加在销7上的力的作用。
同样,当我们考虑细长销7绕转轴23向外的转动时,这种情况可能与第一钳口2的某种缩回同时发生,这种缩回在开始转动过程中允许销7在阳标签50内所能到达的深度略微增加一些。
具体参见图7,图1至3中所示的插销11已被一个设置在钳口2之转动端上的整体插销30所取代。该插销30插在手柄5的分叉端31之间。插销30包括一个凹槽39,一个硬材料制成的单个构件33可以插入其中以提供捕捉装置34上的尖端36所结合的表面。捕捉装置34被偏置到被弹簧36结合的位置,该弹簧36装在手柄5上的凸块37与捕捉装置34上的凹槽35之间。在图5所示位置,凸块13的端部刚好与捕捉装置34的表面40结合以开始其的转动和其释放插销30的过程。在释放时,销7已进一步从图5所示位置向下移动了,以确保阳标签50与阴标签51的完全结合。
进一步参见图6A、6B,可以看到,当销7已被移动到其完全水平位置时,尖端25将紧靠在钳口2的边缘28。同时,尽管穿过构件26之尖端27的阻止尖端25移动的阻力可能决定于构件26的弹性及其绕转销42的转动,但是,可以想到,在构件26上采用一个偏置装置例如弹簧也是可以的,因此在一些实施例中该构件26本身可以不具有弹性。
如图所示,手柄4的端部设置了一弹性阻挡装置49以便可与手柄5紧靠。
因此,在该另一实施例中,可以理解到,不仅设置了两种耳标释放模式,而且这两种不同的模式相互帮助减小了每种模式中夹住的可能性。
到此,在前面的描述中,已针对本发明具体的部件或整体进行了描述,本发明的这些部件及整体具有一些公知的等同物,因此这些等同物也包括在本文中,就如同上文单独进行呈述的一样。
尽管已经通过举例的方式或结合可能的实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是,可以理解,在不背离后附权利要求书所限定的本发明范围的前提下,可以对其进行修改或改进。
Claims (18)
1.一种耳标施加器包括:
一个与动物耳标的一部分相结合的第一钳口部分;
一个第二钳口部分;
第一和第二手柄部分,这两个手柄部分用于按照如此方式移动所述第一和第二钳口部分,即所述第一手柄部分相对所述第二手柄部分的移动驱动所述第一和第二钳口部分朝对方移动以使所述耳标的所述部分与动物的耳朵结合;
偏置装置,用于将所述钳口部分偏置到一打开位置;及
其特征在于:所述第一钳口部分可以不受所述手柄部分的控制在所述偏置装置的作用下移动到一打开位置,但这只能在所述耳标的所述部分已完全与所述动物的耳朵结合后发生。
2.如权利要求1所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述第一钳口部分设置有一个细长结合装置,此结合装置结合在所述耳标之所述部分的空腔内,该细长结合装置适于响应横过该细长结合装置的力从所述第一钳口部分向外移动。
3.如权利要求2所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述细长结合装置转动或弹性连接在所述第一钳口上以允许该细长结合装置从所述第一钳口部分向外转动至少一部分。
4.如权利要求3所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述细长结合装置设置在一个转动连接在所述第一钳口部分之端部的安装装置上,所述第一钳口部分包括一个弹性结合装置,该弹性结合装置将所述细长结合装置偏置到其从所述第一钳口部分向下延伸的位置。
5.如权利要求4所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述安装装置和所述弹性结合装置具有一个或多个结合表面,此结合表面适于将所述细长结合装置保持在向下位置或转动后的位置。
6.如前述任一权利要求所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述第一钳口部分设置有或操作连接有插销装置,该插销装置只有在所述耳标已完全与所述动物的耳朵结合后被脱开以使所述第一钳口部分之后不受所述手柄控制地移动到其打开位置。
7.如权利要求6所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:在所述第二手柄部分上设置或操作连接有捕捉装置,该捕捉装置将所述插销装置保持在其被销住位置,在所述第一手柄部分上设置或工作连接有捕捉操纵装置以便当所述耳标被完全结合时该捕捉操纵装置将与所述捕捉装置结合以移动捕捉装置使其与所述插销装置脱离结合。
8.如权利要求7所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述插销装置被设置作为所述第一钳口部分的内端部分。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述插销装置包括硬材料制成的单个构件,此构件用于与所述捕捉装置结合。
10.如权利要求7,8或9所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述捕捉操纵装置包括设置在所述第一钳口部分上的凸块,该凸块的一端可以与所述捕捉装置结合。
11.如前述任一项权利要求所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述第一手柄部分靠近所述第一钳口部分的的一端设置有一个支承面,此表面用于阻止所述钳口部分在所述偏置装置之作用下的进一步转动以限定所述第一钳口部分的打开位置。
12.如权利要求11所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述第一钳口部分和所述第一手柄部分之间在或靠近所述支承表面设置有吸震装置,以抑制所述第一钳口部分转动到所述打开位置时传过所述第一手柄部分的震动力。
13.如前述任一项权利要求所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述细长结合装置是一个销,该销的纵轴在所述销之转轴的后面延伸。
14.如权利要求13所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述销的所述纵轴相对所述第一钳口部分的纵轴向前倾斜一合适角度以使所述销在所述标签完全结合时基本垂直。
15.如权利要求13或14所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述销在所述第一钳口部分被释放以移动到其打开位置之前转动超过垂直位置。
16.如权利要求15所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述销处于完全关闭位置时与垂直位置成一约18度到20度之间的角度。
17.如前述任一项权利要求所述的耳标施加器,其特征在于:所述动物耳标的所述部分是所述耳标的一阳部分,该阳部分与所述耳标的一阴部分相结合,该阴部分可以与所述第二钳口部分相结合。
18.一种基本上如本文结合附图1到3或4到11所述的耳标施加器。
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CA2271928A1 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
DK0961578T3 (da) | 2005-12-27 |
CZ296450B6 (cs) | 2006-03-15 |
EP0961578A4 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
SK285028B6 (sk) | 2006-04-06 |
SK64699A3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
JP3858231B2 (ja) | 2006-12-13 |
HUP9903907A3 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
UA58527C2 (uk) | 2003-08-15 |
AR011511A1 (es) | 2000-08-30 |
HUP9903907A2 (hu) | 2000-03-28 |
PL185469B1 (pl) | 2003-05-30 |
EP0961578B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
JP2001505052A (ja) | 2001-04-17 |
ATE303720T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
HU223059B1 (hu) | 2004-03-01 |
PL333428A1 (en) | 1999-12-06 |
CZ171999A3 (cs) | 1999-11-17 |
DE69734162D1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
AU5071498A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
AU724224B2 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
WO1998022028A1 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
EP0961578A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
CN1143613C (zh) | 2004-03-31 |
CA2271928C (en) | 2005-07-12 |
BR9713075A (pt) | 2000-04-11 |
ES2248844T3 (es) | 2006-03-16 |
US6235036B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
DE69734162T2 (de) | 2006-06-29 |
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