CN1226914C - Agaricus bisporus dry preparation composite base material and its preparation method - Google Patents
Agaricus bisporus dry preparation composite base material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1226914C CN1226914C CN 03147886 CN03147886A CN1226914C CN 1226914 C CN1226914 C CN 1226914C CN 03147886 CN03147886 CN 03147886 CN 03147886 A CN03147886 A CN 03147886A CN 1226914 C CN1226914 C CN 1226914C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to a drying composite base material for cultivating bisporus mushrooms and a preparation method thereof. The drying composite base material for cultivating bisporus mushrooms is prepared from straw, cow and horse dung, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, zinc sulfate, cake fertilizers and copper sulfate. Firstly, the rice straw, the wheat straw, the cow and the horse dung, the cotton seed hulls and the cake fertilizers are dried in the sun; then, the straw, etc. are piled for fermentation, drying and sterilization; before use, the wheat bran and the gypsum are added into the dry base material for even mixture; then, water accounting for 130 to 150% of the composite base material by weight is added; thus, the base material can be directly used for inoculation in a mushroom bed, the base material has the advantages of low cost, easy storage and transportation, convenient use, good effect and high yield, and the method has the advantages of low cost and convenient and easy operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drying composite base-material of a kind of Agaricus Bisporus and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Agaricus Bisporus is a foreign exchange earning project traditional in China edible mushroom, and annual export volume is about 300,000 tons.Along with China's entry into the World Trade Organization, this labor-intensive of Agaricus Bisporus and technology-intensive industries trump-cards in the export of are more obvious.But five sixties production technologies are still continued to use in China's Agaricus Bisporus production at present, and operations such as the configuration of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, sterilization, inoculation, a bacterium all adopt manual with using with the method for doing.Then employing is bottled or packed usually as the composts or fertilisers of cultivating sterilization, through reaching the pressure of every square centimeter of 1.4kg, keeps 1.5 hours autoclaving, or adopts normal pressure, numerous rope of 6～10 hours of 100 degree continuous sterilizations, expensive method.To finish the full production cycle be 8～9 months to traditional Agaricus Bisporus to producing from making base-material, 6～7 kilograms of every square metre of per unit area yields, and about 10 yuan of every square metre of net earnings, it still is shake off poverty a project rather than the project of getting rich.
At present, in the Agaricus Bisporus plantation, carry out highly-specialised in the world, bacterial classification production, composts or fertilisers of cultivating production, mushroom-cultivating etc. are all finished by the specialized company and the division of labor of mushroom field, operations such as the particularly configuration of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, sterilization, inoculation, a bacterium are finished by specialized company, the finished product material is is directly provided and delivered and is given the mushroom field, the cultivation of directly putting on the shelf of cultured material is bought in the mushroom field, and the bright mushroom of gathering is sent the center.External this specialized production helps standardized administration, guarantees product quality.But external this investment is big, scale is big, the cultivation method of resource-type can not adapt to domesticly based on huge numbers of families' plantation again, and the small-scale that is converted into purpose with the labour is planted.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the drying composite base-material of a kind of Agaricus Bisporus, make it have low cost, easily store and transportation, easy to use, effective and advantage that output is high and low cost thereof, simple and easy to do method.
The components by weight percent of the drying composite base-material of a kind of Agaricus Bisporus of the present invention is:
0.2～0.9 part in 2～8 parts of magnesium sulfate of 10～18 parts of wheat bran of straw
0.1～0.7 part in 1.5～3.5 parts of zinc sulphate of 16～24 parts of gypsum of oxen and horses excrement
0.1～0.5 part in 3～9 parts of copper sulphate of 49～57 parts of cake fertilizer of cotton seed hull.
The water content of the drying composite base-material of described Agaricus Bisporus is 1～12%.Described straw is choosing any one kind of them in straw, wheat straw, barley straw, corncob or other cauline leaf gramineous, or several.Described cake fertilizer is choosing any one kind of them in soya-bean cake, cottonseed cake, rape cake, cottonseed, the dregs of beans, or several.
The method for preparing the drying composite base-material of Agaricus Bisporus comprises the steps:
(1) earlier straw, oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull, cake fertilizer are dried, remove foreign material;
(2) again straw is added the water of 1～3 times of its weight, pile in advance high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters stockpiles, the loam cake Polypropylence Sheet, when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, the beginning turning;
(3) with oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull is drenched, build heap by 32～33: 1 preparation above-mentioned raw materials of C/N ratio content in the raw material and branch kind interlayer, pile high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters, long more than 10 meters, south-north direction, till heap top casting water to stockpile has water to overflow all around, heap loam cake straw mat, Polypropylence Sheet and sunshade net are when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, beginning turning for the first time, windrow is evenly trembled the diffusing water-reducible magnesium sulfate that also adds simultaneously, zinc sulphate and copper sulphate, evenly mix diffusing, add water make the material wet 60～68%, later on once every turning in 4 days, turn over altogether 3～4 times, in windrow, get through pore to expecting the heart every 1 meter, reach 30 centimetres white card nailing neps shape actinomycetes when there is a bed thickness on the stockpile surface, color is sepia, dried mushroom fragrance is arranged, no ammonia flavor and tart flavour, PH is 6.8～7.2, C/N ratio content 32～33: 1 is the fermentation base-material;
(4) cake fertilizer is pulverized, is added in the base-material, mix, drying in 24 hours, bake out temperature 70～75 degree, in drying process with 2560～2660 ultraviolet irradiations sterilization in 25～35 minutes, to the base-material water content at 1～12% o'clock, be the butt material;
(5) before the use, adding wheat bran and land plaster mix in the butt material, are the drying composite base-material of Agaricus Bisporus.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, drying composite base-material nutrition is suitable, is beneficial to the Agaricus Bisporus growth, good product quality.C/N ratio is 32～33: 1, and the content per kilogram of trace element magnesium, zinc, copper reaches 70 milligrams, 50 milligrams and 30 milligrams respectively, is rich in other minerals and vitamins, contains quick-acting potassium content below 20 Bos gram, and the ph value is between 6.8～7.2.
2, result of use is good, the output ratio is high.Drying composite base-material cultivating agaricus bisporus biological transformation ratio is more than or equal to 50%, and promptly one jin of composite base-material can produce bright Agaricus Bisporus more than half jin.Every square metre feeds intake 20～25 kilograms, can produce 10～15 kilograms in bright mushroom, and net earnings can reach 30～40 yuan.
3, with short production cycle, fruiting is concentrated.First three time fruiting time accounted for more than 80% of gross yield at 45-60 days, and commodity mushroom amount reaches more than 95%, was beneficial to the commercialization listing, from expecting that cultivation finishes only to need 90 days, shortened 5～6 months production cycles.
4, sharp long term storage of composite base-material and transportation.Through ultraviolet irradiation, composite base-material can store 2 years and never degenerate, and is convenient to long-distance transport.
5, easy to use, be fit to suit measures to local conditions production, use and cost of manufacture are low.The butt material only needs to add wheat bran in use and becomes composite base-material with gypsum, adds 130～150% water that account for composite base-material weight again, and the inoculation of just can directly going to bed greatly reduces the labour intensity that base-material is produced in the mushroom farming.And making and use cost are than conventional method low 20～35%.And the tool of production do not required, only need to keep humidity and temperature all can well produce mushroom in any place.
Specific embodiments
Batching is: each 1000 kilograms of 800 kilograms of straw, 600 kilograms of wheat straws, cow dung and horsehits, 5300 kilograms of cotton seed hulls, 70 kilograms in magnesium sulfate, 50 kilograms in zinc sulphate, 600 kilograms in cake fertilizer, 20 kilograms in copper sulphate.Be equipped with 200 kilograms in 500 kilograms in wheat bran and gypsum in addition, earlier straw and wheat straw, oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull, cake fertilizer dried, remove foreign material.The water that again straw and wheat straw is added 1～3 times of its weight, pile in advance high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters, the stockpile that length is not limit, the loam cake Polypropylence Sheet, when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, the beginning turning.With oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull is drenched, above-mentioned raw materials branch kind interlayer is built heap, promptly spreads the straw and the wheat straw of one deck 17 cm thicks earlier, repaves the oxen and horses excrement of one deck 7 cm thicks then, repave cotton seed hull, repave oxen and horses excrement, circulation is piled up like this, piles high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters, long more than 10 meters, south-north direction is till piling top casting water certainly and having water to overflow to the stockpile, heap loam cake straw mat, Polypropylence Sheet and sunshade net, when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, beginning turning is for the first time evenly trembled windrow and to be loose and add water-reducible magnesium sulfate simultaneously, zinc sulphate and copper sulphate, evenly mix diffusing, add water material is wet 60～68%,, turn over altogether 3～4 times later on every turning in 4 days 1 time, in windrow, get through pore to expecting the heart every 1 meter, reach 30 centimetres white card nailing neps shape actinomycetes when there is a bed thickness on the stockpile surface, color is sepia, and dried mushroom fragrance is arranged, no ammonia flavor and tart flavour, PH is 6.8～7.2, and C/N ratio content 32～33: 1 is the fermentation base-material.Cake fertilizer pulverize is added in the base-material, mixes, drying in 24 hours, bake out temperature 70～75 degree, in drying process with 2600 ultraviolet irradiations sterilization in 25～35 minutes, to the base-material water content 12% when following, be the butt material.Before the use, adding wheat bran and land plaster mix in the butt material, are the drying composite base-material of Agaricus Bisporus, add 130～150% water that account for composite base-material weight again, and the inoculation of just can directly going to bed greatly reduces the labour intensity that base-material is produced in the mushroom farming.
Claims (5)
1 one kinds of drying composite base-materials of Agaricus Bisporus is characterized in that its components by weight percent is:
0.2～0.9 part in 2～8 parts of magnesium sulfate of 10～18 parts of wheat bran of straw
0.1～0.7 part in 1.5～3.5 parts of zinc sulphate of 16～24 parts of gypsum of oxen and horses excrement
0.1～0.5 part in 3～9 parts of copper sulphate of 49～57 parts of cake fertilizer of cotton seed hull.
2, by the drying composite base-material of the described Agaricus Bisporus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the water content of the drying composite base-material of described Agaricus Bisporus is 1～12%.
3, by the drying composite base-material of the described Agaricus Bisporus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described straw is choosing any one kind of them in straw, wheat straw, barley straw, corncob or other cauline leaf gramineous, or several.
4, by the drying composite base-material of the described Agaricus Bisporus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cake fertilizer is choosing any one kind of them in soya-bean cake, cottonseed cake, rape cake, cottonseed, the dregs of beans, or several.
5, a kind of method for preparing the drying composite base-material of the described Agaricus Bisporus of claim 1 is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) earlier straw, oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull, cake fertilizer are dried, remove foreign material;
(2) again straw is added the water of 1～3 times of its weight, pile in advance high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters stockpiles, the loam cake Polypropylence Sheet, when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, the beginning turning;
(3) with oxen and horses excrement, cotton seed hull is drenched, build heap by 32～33: 1 preparation above-mentioned raw materials of C/N ratio content in the raw material and branch kind interlayer, pile high 1～3 meter, wide 2～3 meters, long more than 10 meters, south-north direction, till heap top casting water to stockpile has water to overflow all around, heap loam cake straw mat, Polypropylence Sheet and sunshade net are when the stockpile central temperature is 70 when spending, beginning turning for the first time, windrow is evenly trembled the diffusing water-reducible magnesium sulfate that also adds simultaneously, zinc sulphate and copper sulphate, evenly mix diffusing, add water make the material wet 60～68%, later on once every turning in 4 days, turn over altogether 3～4 times, in windrow, get through pore to expecting the heart every 1 meter, reach 30 centimetres white card nailing neps shape actinomycetes when there is a bed thickness on the stockpile surface, color is sepia, dried mushroom fragrance is arranged, no ammonia flavor and tart flavour, PH is 6.8～7.2, C/N ratio content 32～33: 1 is the fermentation base-material;
(4) cake fertilizer is pulverized, is added in the base-material, mix, drying in 24 hours, bake out temperature 70～75 degree, in drying process with 2560～2660 ultraviolet irradiations sterilization in 25～35 minutes, to the base-material water content at 1～12% o'clock, be the butt material;
(5) before the use, adding wheat bran and land plaster mix in the butt material, are the drying composite base-material of Agaricus Bisporus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 03147886 CN1226914C (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2003-06-30 | Agaricus bisporus dry preparation composite base material and its preparation method |
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| CN 03147886 CN1226914C (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2003-06-30 | Agaricus bisporus dry preparation composite base material and its preparation method |
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| CN1460403A CN1460403A (en) | 2003-12-10 |
| CN1226914C true CN1226914C (en) | 2005-11-16 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101734976B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-02-29 | 四川农业大学 | Fertilizer containing agaricus bisporus dregs |
| CN102417414A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-04-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Cultivation material composition for producing agaricus bisporus by using hybridized Pennisetum alopecuroides |
| CN103601565A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-26 | 杨金锋 | Flammulina velutipe cultivation material with cotton seeds as raw material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103910581B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2016-04-13 | 山东创新源农业技术开发有限公司 | A kind of multidimensional bisporous mushroom cultivation base stock and preparation method thereof |
| CN104151067A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 陆良爨乡绿园菇业有限公司 | White mushroom cultivation matrix prepared from mushroom residue of mushroom ernygii and preparation method of white mushroom cultivation matrix |
| CN105884440A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-08-24 | 遵义市鼎新菌业有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN104311305A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 临汾市沣昱盛农业开发有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus production culture medium |
| CN105016814A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 何金霞 | Agaricus bisporus medium and method using medium to cultivate Agaricus bisporus |
| CN105347930A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-24 | 苏州市经纬农产品有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN106212043A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-14 | 李鸿亮 | A kind of Agaricus Bisporus box-type culture method |
| CN109206164A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 濮阳市农业科学院 | A kind of preparation of agaricus bisporus nutritional additive and its application method |
| CN110839482A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-02-28 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所（福建省蘑菇菌种研究推广站） | Culture medium for agaricus bisporus particle stock and preparation process thereof |
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