CN1221696C - 清洁布 - Google Patents

清洁布 Download PDF

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CN1221696C
CN1221696C CNB001064169A CN00106416A CN1221696C CN 1221696 C CN1221696 C CN 1221696C CN B001064169 A CNB001064169 A CN B001064169A CN 00106416 A CN00106416 A CN 00106416A CN 1221696 C CN1221696 C CN 1221696C
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cleaning cloth
staple fibre
fiber
cleaning
fibre
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CN1283718A (zh
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D·菲利普
J·维尔欣格
S·克雷姆瑟
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47KSANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/02Towels
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    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
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Abstract

用于湿-,潮-,干清洗的非织造布结构的清洁布,该清洁布是由至少两种聚合物组成的微细短纤维和由有吸收能力的,用纺丝方法制造的二次短纤维组成的。

Description

清洁布
                     技术领域
本发明研究用于湿-,潮-,干清洗的非织造布结构的清洁。
                     背景技术
众所周知,清洁是用于从物体表面脱除污物和本身吸收污物。为解决这两个问题,清洁必须有非常好的洁净效率以及有足够的耐磨性和提供足够的孔隙体积,以便储存污物。
在DE OS 30 35 038中讨论了一种清洁,它具有良好的使用性能。这是由聚合物材料的多孔微细纤维组成的。该纤维具有一种基本上无孔的纤维芯和一种开孔的发泡的纤维皮。这种由聚合物材料组成的清洁具有特别高的耐机械性能,它对磨擦作用具有好的稳定性。通过微细纤维与短纤维或长丝混合可达到改进回弹性和增大填充性,改善对污物吸收能力。
在US PS 4 145 464中讨论过清洁的另一种构成,在那里清洁是由纤维素纤维和合成纤维的混合物制造的,两面都用纤维素层覆盖和在局部分开的区域全部纤维通过相互粘贴固着。但这类清洁没有足够的机械强度,因为纤维素纤维只有相对短的低于6.35mm的长度,因此其后果是产生不满意的耐磨性。在使用相当短时间后就发生纤维组分的脱落。它在尘埃状粒子或绒毛形式沉积在被清现的面上。
通过EP 0423 619可知另一种清洁,它是由多个层构成的和一层由合成纤维长丝,所谓的长丝纤维构成的,它至少在其一面有一层是由短纤维和天然纤维混合。天然纤维量为15至70%。这种清洁达到高强度,特别是由于下层和中层是由合成长纤维制成的。但是在遮盖层中短的天然纤维导致不满意的耐磨擦性,类似在前述的US PS 4145464中所述。
                     发明内容
本发明的任务是,创造一种用于湿-,潮-,干清洗的清洁,该清洁具有高的耐磨性和对磨损下来的污物具有大的容纳体积。此外还应有尽可能大的强度,良好的洁净效率和此外有好的手感。
上述的任务按本发明对开头提出的那种清洁是通过以下方法解决的,即本发明提供了用于湿-,潮-和/或干清洗的非织造布结构的清洁布,该清洁布由微细短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维构成,其特征在于,微细短纤维是由至少两种不同聚合物形成的多组分剥离纤维,和二次短纤维是以化学纤维纺丝方法制造的粘胶纤维,Lyocell纤维。在这种清洁中结合了微细短纤维的洁净能力和强度,和耐磨性和二次短纤维的高吸收性。二次短纤维结合在微细短纤维中并确保包含其中。
微细短纤维是一种多组分剥离纤维,特别是双组分剥离纤维。它多数是由聚酯和聚酰胺为基础的聚合物组成的。这里存在广泛的可能变体。这里主要以经济和工艺技术的观点来选择剥离纤维或原纤化纤维。
多组分纤维的纤度在剥离之前为1.7至3.0dtex。剥离纤维的纤度在1dtex以下,优选在0.2dtex。
二次短纤维可采用由天然纤维,特别是由纤维素纤维,棉花,粘胶,Lyocell(用N-甲基吗啉溶剂纺丝得到的纤维素纤维)和/或其它有吸收能力的短纤维,如聚乙烯醇纤维制造的短纤维。二次短纤维的纤度为1.0至3.0dtex。这样纺制的短纤维比普通天然短纤维的强度明显较大。
为达到尽可能大的孔隙体积,清洁由至少两层重叠在一起的非织造布层构成是比较合适的。其中特别合适的是,非织造层中一层是由微细短纤维和具有吸收能力的二次短纤维组成的和另一非织造布层是由聚合物的三次短纤维,特别是由热塑性材料和具有吸收能力的二次短纤维形成的。这种用三次短纤维制造的非织造布层是特别膨松的。因此这里在清洁的一面是微细短纤维的高洁净能力和耐磨性与在清洁的另一面是三次短纤维和二次短纤维的特别膨松的组合得到充分利用。通过二次短纤维提高吸收能力。特别优选的实施形式为,由聚合物的三次短纤维和具有吸收能力的二次短纤维组成的非织造布层作中间层,在其两面各铺上由微细短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维形成的遮盖非织造布层。在这种清洁中两面与被洁净物体相接触的外层具有高的耐磨性,而中间层具有高吸收能力的特别大的容积。作为三次短纤维优选采用由聚酰胺制的短纤维,它的纤度为这种纤维具有的一般纤度,它超过微细纤维的纤度。
由多个非织造布层组成的清洁的优选制造方法是,首先形成单个的非织造布层和将这些非织造布层相互粘合。其中每一非织造布层都已有二次短纤维。但也有可能,起初三次短纤维层只配备有二次短纤维和无二次短纤维的微细纤维层靠上去,通过多层一起针刺使二次短纤维也带入单层的微细短纤维层或多层的微细短纤维层中。
单个的非织造布层通过针刺,交缠或层压相互粘合在一起。这种方法原本是已知的。如果非织造层用点焊方法相互粘合在一起可达到特别好的结果。由此得到网眼的表面,它提高布的洁净力。在点焊中单个非织造布层使用热和压力通过熔融区进行粘合。但也有可能清洁的表面通过熔融区,特别是通过轧光进行粘合。
清洁的单位面积重通常为75至250g/m2,优选120至180g/m2。由三次短纤维和二次短纤维组成的中间层和由微细短纤维和二次短纤维组成的二个遮盖层的三层清洁,其中间层的单位面积重是这样选择的,即它是总的单位面积重的40至80%。合适的是,两个遮盖层的单位面积重是一样的。
在遮盖层中微细短纤维的份额超过二次短纤维份额,微细短纤维的份额在70和98%之间,优选在70和80%之间。
在中间层二次短纤维的份额超过三次短纤维份额,它在70和100%之间,优选在70和80%之间。
                    附图说明
借助于二个在图中说明的实例进一步解释本发明。
图1,三层非织造布制的清洁截面高倍放大剖面图。
图2,三层通过点焊相互粘合的非织造布层制的清洁的截面的剖面图。
                 具体实施方式
图1表示清洁1的截面的剖面图的放大,它是由三层非织造布层A,B,A构成的,中间层B是由合成的三次短纤维与二次短纤维混合组成的,而二个遮盖层A,A是由微细短纤维和二次短纤维构成的。两个遮盖层A,A的组成是一样的。非织造布层A,B,A是水刺粘合的。单纤维由此相互缠结和微细短纤维至少部分剥离,不同纤维和非织造布层相互形成牢固的粘合。
在图2中同样是三层清洁2截面的剖面图。三层非织造布层A,B,A具有如同图1的A,B,A层同样的结构。在这些层是在带花形的预定的位置3点焊。由此得到高洁净作用的布2。点焊可通过非织造布层的轧光达到,在其中多层非织造布层一起运行通过两个轧辊,其中一个辊带有花形分布的凸纹和另一个辊表面是光滑的,由此在布2的位置3产生非织造布层A,B,A的单面熔融区。通过此措施,A,B,A各层相互牢固粘合在一起和此外各层的热塑性纤维,通过加热的轧辊至少在布的表面上相互粘贴和因此二次短纤维结合在一起。非织造布层A,B,A在轧光之前进行水刺,以达到纤维和层的相互特别强的粘合,此外使微细短纤维在水刺处理时发生剥离。

Claims (27)

1.用于湿-,潮-和/或干清洗的非织造布结构的清洁布,该清洁布由微细短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维构成,其特征在于,微细短纤维是由至少两种不同聚合物形成的多组分剥离纤维,和二次短纤维是以化学纤维纺丝方法制造的粘胶纤维,Lyocell纤维。
2.按权利要求1的清洁布,其特征在于多组分剥离纤维是双组分剥离纤维。
3.按权利要求1或2的清洁布,其特征在于,双组分剥离纤维是由以聚酯和聚酰胺为基础的聚合物组成的。
4.按权利要求1至3之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在剥离之前多组分纤维的纤度在1.7-3.0dtex之间。
5.按权利要求1至4之一的清洁布,其特征在于,剥离纤维的纤度在1dtex以下。
6.按照权利要求5的清洁布,其特征在于,剥离纤维的纤度在0.2dtex以下。
7.按权利要求1至5之一的清洁布,其特征在于,二次短纤维的纤度在1.0至3.0dtex。
8.按权利要求1至7之一的清洁布,其特征在于,清洁布由至少两个相叠的非织造布层组成。
9.按权利要求1至8之一的清洁布,其特征在于,一层非织造布层由聚合物的三次短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维组成和另一层非织造布由微细纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维组成的。
10.按权利要求9的清洁布,其特征在于,所述聚合物的三次短纤维是热塑性材料。
11.按权利要求1至9之一的清洁布,其特征在于,由聚合物的三次短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维制的非织造布层构成中间层,在其两面各被由微细短纤维和有吸收能力的二次短纤维组成的遮盖非织造布层贴上。
12.按权利要求9或11的清洁布,其特征在于,二次短纤维通过针刺从三次短纤维层被带入微细短纤维层。
13.按权利要求8至12之一的清洁布,其特征在于,非织造布层通过针刺,交缠或层压相互粘合。
14.按权利要求8至13之一的清洁布,其特征在于,非织造布层通过点焊相互粘合。
15.按权利要求8至14之一的清洁布,其特征在于,各个非织造布层通过熔融区应用热和/或压力进行粘合。
16.按权利要求1至15之一的清洁布,其特征在于,清洁布的表面通过熔融区进行粘合。
17.按权利要求16的清洁布,其特征在于,清洁布的表面通过轧光进行粘合。
18.按权利要求1至16之一的清洁布,其特征在于,清洁布的单位面积重量为75至250g/m2
19.按权利要求18的清洁布,其特征在于,所述单位面积重量为120至180g/m2
20.按权利要求8至18之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在三层的清洁布中由三次短纤维和二次短纤维组成中间层和由微细短纤维和二次短纤维组成二个遮盖层,其中间层的单位面积重为总的单位面积重量的40至80%。
21.按权利要求11至20之一的清洁布,其特征在于,两个遮盖层的单位面积重量是一样的。
22.按权利要求11至21之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在遮盖层中微细短纤维的份额超过二次短纤维的份额。
23.按权利要求11至22之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在遮盖层中微细短纤维的份额为70-98%。
24.按权利要求23的清洁布,其特征在于,所述份额为70至80%。
25.按权利要求11至23之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在中间层中二次短纤维的份额超过三次短纤维。
26.按权利要求11至25之一的清洁布,其特征在于,在中间层中二次短纤维的份额为70至100%。
27.按权利要求26的清洁布,其特征在于,所述份额为70至80%。
CNB001064169A 1999-04-16 2000-04-06 清洁布 Expired - Fee Related CN1221696C (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111118742A (zh) * 2020-02-13 2020-05-08 潘定雨 一种多层无纺布纤维纺丝装置及纺丝方法及无纺布及滤料
CN111118742B (zh) * 2020-02-13 2020-11-17 安徽昊华环保科技有限公司 一种多层无纺布纤维纺丝装置及纺丝方法及无纺布及滤料

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CN1283718A (zh) 2001-02-14
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US6573204B1 (en) 2003-06-03
CA2305114C (en) 2005-02-01
AR023488A1 (es) 2002-09-04
AU2767100A (en) 2000-10-19
CA2305114A1 (en) 2000-10-16
AU740859B2 (en) 2001-11-15
DE19917275B4 (de) 2004-02-26

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