CN1217831A - 电路保护装置 - Google Patents

电路保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1217831A
CN1217831A CN97194369A CN97194369A CN1217831A CN 1217831 A CN1217831 A CN 1217831A CN 97194369 A CN97194369 A CN 97194369A CN 97194369 A CN97194369 A CN 97194369A CN 1217831 A CN1217831 A CN 1217831A
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parts
face
weld
circuit board
pcb
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CN97194369A
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CN1079174C (zh
Inventor
米夏埃尔·博特
阿尔明·韦格纳
于尔根·海德克
英马尔·克诺普
克劳斯·格贝尔
克劳斯－迪特尔·斯克维尔布利斯
赖纳·彼得斯
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Baltard Ltd By Share Ltd
Siemens AG
Friwo Geraetebau GmbH
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Baltard Ltd By Share Ltd
Siemens AG
Friwo Geraetebau GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19647035A external-priority patent/DE19647035A1/de
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Publication of CN1217831A publication Critical patent/CN1217831A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
    • H05K1/0254—High voltage adaptations; Electrical insulation details; Overvoltage or electrostatic discharge protection ; Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10181—Fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/17—Post-manufacturing processes
    • H05K2203/176—Removing, replacing or disconnecting component; Easily removable component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3421—Leaded components

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种防止电器受到过高电能影响的电路保护装置。为了在因供电或负载电压而引起过高电能供给的情况下避免保护电路受损坏并中止供电而设置了一个部件,该部件能在预定的时间内把从外部施加的过电压限制在一个预定值上,而且还能通过因此而形成的有限加热使部件与电路永久断开。为此,在印刷电路板的至少一个点上通过焊接表面对而接通电路的电流通路,由此使一个焊接表面与电源相接而使另一个焊接表面与负载相接,这样,可以使一对焊接表面中的两个表面通过部件而彼此连接,可以通过弹簧施加的机械偏压来保持部件而且在脱焊的情况下能确保部件与焊接表面对彼此分离。

Description

电路保护装置
本发明涉及一种防止输送过高电能的电路保护装置和/或附加连接的电负载的保护装置。
为了给手提电话和类似电器供电或给其电池充电，通常是通过插头将电器与电源或充电器相连。为了防止过高的负载电压或过载，一般是在电路中配备控制器，该控制器中设有晶体管、齐纳二极管等器件，而且这些器件连接成纵向调整器(Langsregler)或分路控制器。在为这些电器供电或给电池充电时存在着这样的危险，即由于使用了不合适的电源或充电器，而借助于一个合适的转接器又能够使电器与不合适的电源或充电器相接，从而在内部保护电路上形成过高电压，最终导致电路损坏。
从上述已有技术出发，本发明的目的在于，在因供电或负载电压而引起过高的能量供给的情况下，避免保护电路受损坏并中止供电。
这些目的是通过权利要求1特征部分所述的特征而实现的。
当电源或充电器在电器上错误地形成过高的能量输送时，本发明不仅能将过电压限制在一个预定值上，而且还能通过因能量输送对部件形成的有限加热使电路断开。由此可以达到保护整个电器电路的目的。
对于保护必要的部件来说这是一个非常简单的结构。优选的是在印刷电路板上的至少一个点上通过焊接表面对接通电路的电流通路，由此使一个焊接表面与电源相接而使另一个焊接表面与负载相接，这样，一对焊接表面中的两个表面可以通过部件而彼此连接。而且还可以通过弹簧施加的机械偏压来保持部件和在脱焊的情况下能确保部件与焊接表面对彼此分离。就弹簧来说可以设置成板簧，该板簧用至少一个通过印刷电路板上的开口突出的突肩压住部件。板簧能容易地固定到电路板上，即，使它的一端位于印刷电路板的边缘切口中而使它的侧边处于印刷电路板上，同时将板簧的另一端设置成能与印刷电路板的开口互相嵌接的钩形锁定器。为了实现简单的连接而把连通电流通路的导线与焊接表面设置成一体而且使二极管的焊接表面并排地位于二极管连接部分之下。为了对部件进行焊接，优选的是根据确定的允许加热温度选择具有确定熔点的焊料。所述部件例如可以是抑制器二极管，这种二极管限定确定的电压值。负载可以是一个蓄电池(Akkumulator)，将该蓄电池与保护装置一起装入一个外壳中。特别合适的是，所述保护电路是适用于由至少一个锂离子室构成的蓄电池的保护电路。
在附图中描述了本发明的一个实施例；其中
图1是极度放大的保护电路的纵向剖面图，
图2是图1所示装置的上表面视图，
图3是图1所示装置的下表面视图，
图4是从一端观察时所看到的图1所示装置的视图。
保护装置的部件设在一个由合适材料例如环氧树脂构成的印刷电路板1上。在印刷电路板1上设有四条导线2,2’,3,3’，四条导结与焊接表面4,4’,5,5’设成一体。焊接表面4作为电源或充电器与负电流通路的接线柱相连而焊接表面4’把负电流通路与电器电路相连接。相应地，焊接表面5,5’与电源或充电器的正电流通路以及电器电路相连。在导线2,2’,3,3’的另一端设有焊接表面6,6’,7,7’，其以与电流通路断开的距离成对地并排设在一个部件例如二极管8的连接部分9,10之下，所述二极管可以是抑制器二极管。二极管8的连接部分9,10与连接表面6,6’,7,7’焊在一起，所以导线2,2’或3,3’通过连接部分9,10以可导电的形式彼此相连。为了焊接二极管8需根据确定的允许加热温度来选择锡焊料。
本发明的关键部件是一个设在印刷电路板下方的板簧形式的弹簧11，该弹簧的中间区域上有两个侧向突肩12，所述突肩通过两个开口13穿过印刷板向外伸出并借助弹簧力压住二极管8的下表面。板簧11的一端向上弯曲并穿过印刷电路板1中一个侧端上的边缘切口从而形成两个压在印刷电路板上的侧向突肩15。板簧11的另一端形成一个钩形锁定器16，其通过设在印刷电路板1上的开口17向外伸出并支撑在印刷电路板1的上表面上。由此便将板簧22的两端固定到了印刷电路板1上并且向印刷电路板1施加定向的弹簧力。
在正常运行时流过二极管8的仅仅是可忽略的稳定电流。但是当由于误接通而产生过高电压和使焊接表面6,6’,7,7’上的焊料软化或熔化时，板簧11将压迫二极管8使其向上并与焊接表面6,6’,7,7’分离，从而使两个电流通路断开并产生所要求的保护作用。

Claims (11)

1．一种防止输送过高电能的电路保护装置和/或附加连接的电负载的保护装置，其特征在于包括一个部件(8)，该部件能在一定的时间内把从外部输入的过电压限制在一个确定的值上，而且通过由此形成的加热使所述部件与电路永久分离。
2．如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，在印刷电路板(1)的至少在一个点上通过焊接表面对(6,6’；7,7’)接通电路的电流通路，因此将一个焊接表面与电源相接而使另一个焊接表面与负载相接，并且使一对焊接表面中的两个焊接表面可以通过部件(8)而彼此相接。
3．如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，通过弹簧施加的机械偏压来保持部件(8)而且在脱焊的情况下确保部件与焊接表面对(6,6’；7,7’)彼此分离。
4．如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，板簧(11)用其至少一个通过印刷电路板(1)上的开口向外突出的突肩压住部件(8)。
5．如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，板簧(11)的一端位于印刷电路板的边缘切口(14)中，而其侧边处于印刷电路板上，并且将板簧的另一端设置成能与印刷电路板(1)的开口(17)互相嵌接的钩形锁定器(16)。
6．如权利要求1～5之一所述的装置，其特征在于，为了连通电流通路而把导线与焊接表面(4,4’；5,5’)设成一体而且部件的焊接表面(6,6’；7,7’)并排地位于部件连接部分(9,10)之下。
7．如权利要求1～6之一所述的装置，其特征在于，为了对部件(8)进行焊接而根据确定的允许加热温度选择具有确定熔点的焊料。
8．如权利要求1～7之一所述的装置，其特征在于，部件(8)是一个抑制器二极管，该二极管具有确定的电压值。
9．如权利要求1～8之一所述的装置，其特征在于，负载是一个蓄电池(Akkumulator)。
10．如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，将保护元件与蓄电池一起装入一个外壳中。
11．如权利要求9或10所述的装置，其特征在于，蓄电池由至少一个锂离子室构成。
CN97194369A 1996-05-15 1997-02-13 电路保护装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1079174C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19619631 1996-05-15
DE19619631.0 1996-05-15
DE19647035.8 1996-11-14
DE19647035A DE19647035A1 (de) 1996-05-15 1996-11-14 Vorrichtung zum Schutz einer elektronischen Schaltung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1217831A true CN1217831A (zh) 1999-05-26
CN1079174C CN1079174C (zh) 2002-02-13

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CN97194369A Expired - Fee Related CN1079174C (zh) 1996-05-15 1997-02-13 电路保护装置

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7002785B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0898802B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1079174C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ292861B6 (zh)
ES (1) ES2161440T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997043812A1 (zh)

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DE102005014601A1 (de) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Elektronische Baugruppe
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DE102010038070B4 (de) * 2010-08-06 2012-10-11 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermische Überlastschutzvorrichtung
DE102011052390A1 (de) * 2011-08-03 2013-02-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermische Überlastschutzvorrichtung
US9472364B2 (en) * 2014-05-02 2016-10-18 Littelfuse, Inc. Reflowable circuit protection device
DE102014111772B4 (de) * 2014-08-18 2016-03-24 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Sicherung für einen elektrischen Stromkreis sowie Leiterplatte mit einer Sicherung
KR101755102B1 (ko) * 2015-06-23 2017-07-06 주식회사 만도 브릿지 어셈블리
DE102016104424B4 (de) * 2016-03-10 2023-12-07 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Bestückte Leiterplatte und Verfahren zur Bestückung einer Leiterplatte
US10151292B2 (en) * 2016-03-23 2018-12-11 Magna Electronics Inc. Control device with thermal fuse having removable pre-tension element
DE102016213019B3 (de) * 2016-07-15 2017-12-14 Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg Elektronische Baugruppe mit Thermosicherung und Verwendung der elektronischen Baugruppe für einen Elektromotor eines Verstellsystems oder -antriebs
DE202017104268U1 (de) * 2017-07-18 2018-07-20 HKR Seuffer Automotive GmbH & Co. KG Sicherungselement
JP6924714B2 (ja) * 2018-02-16 2021-08-25 ボーンズ株式会社 回路保護素子
EP3817518A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-05 Aptiv Technologies Limited A method for manufacturing a circuit board, and associated circuit board

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DE3641501A1 (de) 1986-12-04 1988-06-16 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Sicherung
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Publication number Publication date
US7002785B1 (en) 2006-02-21
CZ364898A3 (cs) 2000-04-12
WO1997043812A1 (de) 1997-11-20
EP0898802B1 (de) 2001-09-19
ES2161440T3 (es) 2001-12-01
CN1079174C (zh) 2002-02-13
CZ292861B6 (cs) 2003-12-17
EP0898802A1 (de) 1999-03-03

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