CN1216963A - 软质小包或小袋封口的方法 - Google Patents

软质小包或小袋封口的方法 Download PDF

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CN1216963A
CN1216963A CN97194108A CN97194108A CN1216963A CN 1216963 A CN1216963 A CN 1216963A CN 97194108 A CN97194108 A CN 97194108A CN 97194108 A CN97194108 A CN 97194108A CN 1216963 A CN1216963 A CN 1216963A
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pouch
parcel
sealing
seal
opening
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R·A·德科宁克
L·M·豪本
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/225—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/123—Coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B29L2009/003—Layered products comprising a metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
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  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于聚合物小包或小袋(1)封口的方法,该方法包括以下几个步骤:(i)形成具有一个开口端(17、27)的小包或小袋;(ii)通过该开口向小包或小袋灌装;(iii)通过施用热基本上沿开口整个宽度密封形成第一道封口(30);和(iv)通过施用超声能基本上沿开口整个宽度密封形成第二道封口(40)。

Description

软质小包或小袋封口的方法
本发明涉及软质小包或小袋封口的方法。
软质小包和小袋用于包装液体产品如洗碟液、洗发剂以及其它家用产品。对于这些小包或小袋很重要的一点是在最终使用者将其打开之前必须足够地坚固而不会在搬运过程中撕裂或泄漏。特别重要的是这些小包或小袋在密封区内不会泄漏。
常规的密封方法提供了一种用于软质小包或小袋封口的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(ⅰ)形成具有一个开口端的小包或小袋；
(ⅰ)通过该开口向小包或小袋灌装；
(ⅲ)通过施用热沿开口的整个宽度密封形成一个封口。
US-A-4866914(1989年9月19日授予专利权)公开了常规密封方法使液体灌装的小袋在其开口处密封不良的问题。小袋到达位于振动器(为在20千赫兹操作的超声封焊装置)和支撑构件之间的密封站。事先将开口的终端热合以避免产品泄漏。
JP-58/156606(1983年10月19日公开)是一个提到类似问题(也是使用超声)的实用新型的发明。在该参考文献中公开的自动密封装置是一种将超声振动传递给小袋的开口然后使其熔合在一起的卧式机器。
GB-A-2248796(1992年4月22日公开)涉及使用超声焊接从薄膜生产灌装小袋的方法，其中焊接工具同时也把相邻的小包切开。它公开了一种立式/灌装方法。
在立式/灌装机上，与超声焊接方法有关的问题是很难沿着几个小袋或小包的相邻灌装道提供宽的封口。结果，小包的灌装速度受到限制。
本发明旨在提供一种密封方法，它使得灌装机速度不再由于需要避免产品飞溅或起泡沫而受到限制，并且它可以使用不需特别设计以避免滴漏及由此而造成的污染的灌装注嘴。
本发明的目的是提供用于小包或小袋的密封方法，通过常规热合提供初始泄漏不透过性，并且由于超声波提供通过表面(甚至该表面被产品所污染)的紧密的密封而提高了密封质量。
本发明概要
通过使用超声能基本上沿小袋的整个宽度封口来达到本发明的目的。在通过小袋敞口端灌装后，使用现有的热合技术在第一密封步骤中封口形成第一封口。然后在小袋的所述开口端处运用超声进行第二密封步骤。
附图简述
图1示意根据本发明制成的软质小包的预制品。
图2示意根据本发明另一可供选择的实施方案制成的软质小包的预制品。
图3示意装填后的软质小包。
本发明详述
用于本发明的软质小包和小袋可以是任何形状，但最常见的是正方形或长方形。通常通过沿其三边密封和可任选地折叠来预成型这些正方形或长方形小包或小袋。剩下的未密封的一边提供用于灌装的终端开口。预制品可由两张沿其三边密封在一起的独立的聚合薄膜组成。或者该预制品可由单片聚合薄膜组成，首先将薄膜折叠，折叠形成了第一边，然后沿其它两边密封。在另一个可供选择的实施方案中，首先将一段聚合薄膜折叠并沿其长度方向密封形成一管状物。然后将该管状物切成预定长度，并将该管状物的一端密封形成预制品。
然后用常规灌装设备灌装预制品。
在本发明一个特别优选的实施方案中，预制品的成型及灌装都是在一部机器或相邻机器上相继直接进行的。这就是所知的“成型-灌装”。设备生产商同时销售立式成型-灌装机和卧式成型-灌装机。优选立式成型-灌装机用于本发明(特别是具有液体的情况)，因它容许在并列结构中存在多条装填道，因此可获得较高的灌装速率。
小包或小袋可由任何适宜的软质材料制成，特别是聚合薄膜，包括高密度或低密度的聚乙烯(HDPE；LDPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚酰胺、聚丁二烯、聚丁烯聚合物及共聚物、乙烯和乙烯基酯的共聚物、氯乙烯的聚合物和苯乙烯的聚合物。此处所用的术语“聚合物”意指共聚物和三元共聚物以及均聚物。
此外也可以使用层压材料。对于层压制品唯一的基本要求是层压制品的至少一个侧面由适合于热合及超声焊接的聚合薄膜所组成。
特别优选用于本发明的是在外层包含PET、聚酰胺、铝或纸而在内层包含聚乙烯的层压薄膜。
优选小包或小袋的容量少于1升，优选不大于500毫升。
本发明一个特别的优点是灌装可在高速机器上进行。所谓“高速”在此处意指灌装速度为每条灌装道每分钟至少为50个小袋，而在单机上可高达约8个并列的灌装道。
超声封口技术一般使用焊头和砧座来进行。焊头优选以10-70千赫兹，优选20-40千赫兹的频率振动，功率输出高达约5千瓦。一台适宜的设备为Branson model第23187号。压力是一个重要的参数。压力太大使得各部件作为整体结构振动而无加热效果。压力太小则不能提供足够的接触加热或接触摩擦。
砧座的形状必须设计成将振动集中在薄膜上并因此给密封剂层加热。这将导致一个有限的最大密封宽度，因而优选每条灌装道选择单独的砧座/焊头单元。整个系统的设计必须确保焊头与砧座的精密匹配(甚至压力也是如此)。
根据薄膜的性能，一般用来提供坚固密封的具体压力为50-250牛顿/厘米2。一般密封时间为200-400毫秒。
图1示意了根据本发明所制成的聚合物小包的预制品。预制品10包括前后薄膜12和13，它们沿三个边14、15和16密封在一起，并且有一个用于灌装的开口17。
图2示意了根据本发明另一可供选择的实施方案所制成的聚合物小包的预制品。预制品20包括已形成管状物并沿一个边缘24密封的单张薄膜。该管状物沿其底边25密封，并具有用于灌装的开口27。
图3示意了由预制品10或20形成的灌装了的聚合物小包1，通过热封口30和超声封口40沿开口17、27将其相继密封。

Claims (5)

1．一种用于软质小包或小袋(1)封口的方法，该方法包括以下几个步骤：
(ⅰ)形成具有一个开口端(17,27)的小包或小袋；
(ⅱ)通过该开口向小包或小袋灌装；
(ⅲ)通过施用热基本上沿开口整个宽度密封形成第一道封口(30)；其特征在于该方法还包括以下步骤：
(ⅳ)通过施用超声能基本上沿开口整个宽度密封形成第二道封口(40)。
2．根据权利要求1的方法，其中具有开口端(17)的小包或小袋(1)通过以下步骤形成：
(ⅰ)(a)将两张聚合物薄膜(12、13)彼此相邻放置在一起；和
(ⅰ)(b)将三边(14、15、16)热合。
3．根据权利要求2的方法，其中在立式成型/灌装机上相继直接进行步骤(ⅰ)和(ⅱ)。
4．根据权利要求3的方法，其中灌装速度为每条灌装道每分钟至少为50个小包或小袋。
5．根据权利要求1的方法，其中小包或小袋(1)是由包括至少两层：第一层是选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰胺、铝或纸的材料，而第二层则是由聚乙烯的聚合物材料组成的软质层压材料所制成。
CN97194108A 1996-03-01 1997-02-28 软质小包或小袋封口的方法 Pending CN1216963A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP96200555A EP0792735A1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 Method for sealing the mouth of a flexible sachet or pouch
EP96200555.9 1996-03-01

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CN1216963A true CN1216963A (zh) 1999-05-19

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JP (1) JPH11507315A (zh)
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AR (1) AR006031A1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO1997031824A1 (zh)

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BR9707899A (pt) 1999-07-27
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AR006031A1 (es) 1999-07-21
EP0792735A1 (en) 1997-09-03

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