CN1214050C - 负载的聚合催化剂 - Google Patents
负载的聚合催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1214050C CN1214050C CNB01815767XA CN01815767A CN1214050C CN 1214050 C CN1214050 C CN 1214050C CN B01815767X A CNB01815767X A CN B01815767XA CN 01815767 A CN01815767 A CN 01815767A CN 1214050 C CN1214050 C CN 1214050C
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- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 anionic ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002897 diene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YSRFHVJGXPIDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilane titanium Chemical compound [Ti].C[SiH2]C YSRFHVJGXPIDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 26
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CMEWLCATCRTSGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N=O)C=C1 CMEWLCATCRTSGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpentane Chemical compound CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perisophthalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYXFJSDMOVHLMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxyphenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YYXFJSDMOVHLMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1F SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDYAUVYPZOQMFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CC=C(C=C1)C)(C)C=CC=C Chemical compound C1(CC=C(C=C1)C)(C)C=CC=C FDYAUVYPZOQMFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SRTFLHALJBGRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;n,n-diethylethanamine Chemical compound OB(O)O.CCN(CC)CC SRTFLHALJBGRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYSQGYSICZCRKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;n,n-dimethylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)C.OB(O)O LYSQGYSICZCRKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIEOJMQLFYNMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;n,n-dipropylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound OB(O)O.CCCN(CCC)CCC NIEOJMQLFYNMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002743 phosphorus functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/02—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
可以由包括如下步骤的方法制备负载的离子金属茂催化剂体系:(i)在合适的溶剂中将如下物质混合在一起:(a)有机金属化合物,和(b)包括阳离子和阴离子的离子活化剂,(ii)向载体材料中加入步骤(i)的混合物,(iii)加入在合适的溶剂中的金属茂配合物,(iv)进一步加入在合适的溶剂中的有机金属化合物,和(v)除去溶剂。优选的负载催化剂包括受限几何结构金属茂配合物例如(叔丁基酰氨基)(四甲基-→5-环戊二烯基)二甲基硅烷钛-→4-1,3-戊二烯和特别适于气相中乙烯聚合或乙烯与含有3-10个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚。与现有技术的负载离子金属茂催化剂体系相比,特别是当用于气相时,本发明的负载金属茂催化剂显示改进的生产率。
Description
本发明涉及适于烯烃聚合的负载催化剂和特别涉及在气相工艺中提供操作优点的负载金属茂催化剂。
近年来,由于金属茂催化剂的引入在聚烯烃均聚物和共聚物的生产中已经有许多进步。金属茂催化剂提供一般比传统Ziegler催化剂更高活性的优点和通常描述为本质上单活性点的催化剂。已经开发几种不同族的金属茂配合物。在早些年前,开发了基于双(环戊二烯基)金属配合物的催化剂,它的例子可以在EP129368或EP206794中发现。更近来已经开发含有单一或单环戊二烯基环的配合物。这样的配合物称为“受限几何结构”配合物和这些配合物的例子可以在EP416815或EP420436中发现。在这两种配合物中,金属原子如锆处于最高氧化态。
然而已经开发了其它配合物,其中金属原子可处于降低的氧化态。双(环戊二烯基)和单(环戊二烯基)配合物两者的例子已经分别描述于WO96/04290和WO95/00526。
以上金属茂配合物在助催化剂或活化剂存在下用于聚合。典型地活化剂是铝氧烷,特别是甲基铝氧烷或基于硼化合物的化合物。后者的例子是硼酸盐如四苯基或四氟苯基硼酸三烷基取代铵。引入这样硼酸盐活化剂的催化剂体系描述于EP561479,EP418044和EP551277。
以上金属茂配合物可用于烯烃在溶液、淤浆或气相中的聚合。当用于气相时,金属茂配合物和/或活化剂被合适地负载。典型的载体包括无机氧化物如二氧化硅或可以使用聚合物载体。
烯烃聚合用负载金属茂催化剂的制备例子可以在WO94/26793,WO95/07939,WO96/00245,WO96/04318,WO97/02297和EP642536中发现。
在金属茂催化剂存在下用于聚合烯烃的优选气相方法是在流化床中操作的方法。在这样的方法中,由金属茂配合物生产的聚烯烃分子量由链增长,链终止和链转移的竞争速率确定。这些速率依次由催化剂的特性动力学和反应环境确定。为生产商业上感兴趣的聚烯烃,催化剂必须制备高分子量聚合物。此外在商业反应器条件下,催化剂必须制备超过商业感兴趣聚合物的分子量使得可以采用链转移剂如氢气将分子量控制在所需的数值。
WO98/27119描述了包括离子化合物的负载催化剂组分,离子化合物包括阳离子和阴离子,其中阴离子包含至少一个取代基,该取代基包括含有活性氢的部分。在此公开内容中,示例了负载金属茂催化剂,其中通过采用三烷基铝化合物处理上述离子化合物,随后采用载体和金属茂的处理制备催化剂。当用于气相时,这样的负载催化剂是特别活性的,但生产的聚合物分子量低于商业操作的要求值。
WO98/27119也描述了采用有机金属化合物的处理,活化基本无活性催化剂前体的方法,该催化剂前体包括(a)包括阳离子和阴离子的离子化合物,所述阴离子包含至少一个取代基,该取代基包括含有活性氢的部分,(b)过渡金属化合物和非必要地(c)载体,以形成活性催化剂。
已经采用各种方法以制备此类型的负载催化剂。例如WO98/27119描述了其中公开的几种负载催化剂的制备方法,其中采用离子化合物浸渍载体。离子化合物的体积相当于载体总孔体积的20vol%-大于200vol%。在优选的制备途径中,离子化合物的溶液体积基本不超过,和优选等于载体的总孔体积。这样的制备方法可称为初期沉淀或初期润湿技术。
我们已经开发了改进方法,该方法可用于制备负载的金属茂催化剂体系,该体系特别是当用于气相时导致增加的生产率。
因此,根据本发明,提供了一种负载金属茂催化剂体系的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(i)在合适的溶剂中将如下物质混合在一起
(a)有机金属化合物,和
(b)包括阳离子和阴离子的离子活化剂,
(ii)向载体材料中加入步骤(i)的混合物,
(iii)加入在合适的溶剂中的金属茂配合物,
(iv)进一步加入在合适的溶剂中的有机金属化合物,和
(v)除去溶剂。
用于本发明的合适溶剂包括低级烷烃如异己烷或芳族溶剂如甲苯。
离子化合物的阳离子可以选自酸性阳离子、碳鎓阳离子、甲硅烷基鎓阳离子、氧鎓阳离子、有机金属阳离子和阳离子氧化剂。
合适优选的阳离子包括三烃基取代的铵阳离子如三乙基铵、三丙基铵、三(正丁基)铵和相似物。同样合适的是N,N-二烷基苯胺鎓阳离子如N,N-二甲基苯胺鎓阳离子。
优选的阴离子活化剂是这样的物质,其中离子活化剂的阳离子包括烃基取代的铵盐和阴离子包括芳基取代的硼酸根。
作为离子活化剂的典型硼酸盐包括:
四苯基硼酸三乙基胺
四苯基硼酸三乙基胺
四苯基硼酸三丙基胺
四苯基硼酸三(正丁基)胺
四苯基硼酸三(叔丁基)胺
四苯基硼酸N,N-二甲基苯胺鎓
四苯基硼酸N,N-二乙基苯胺鎓
四(五氟苯基)硼酸三甲基铵
四(五氟苯基)硼酸三乙基铵
四(五氟苯基)硼酸三丙基铵
四(五氟苯基)硼酸三(正丁基)铵
四(五氟苯基)硼酸N,N-二甲基苯胺鎓
四(五氟苯基)硼酸N,N-二乙基苯胺鎓
适于与本发明金属茂配合物一起使用的优选类型活化剂包括离子化合物,该离子化合物包括阳离子和阴离子,其中阴离子含有至少一个取代基,该取代基包括含有活性氢的部分。
此类型的合适活化剂描述于WO98/27119,该文献的相关部分在此引入作为参考。
此类型的特别优选活化剂是三(五氟苯基)4-(羟苯基)硼酸烷基铵。特别优选的活化剂是三(五氟苯基)(4-羟苯基)硼酸双(氢化牛脂烷基)甲基铵。
关于此优选类型的离子活化剂,三(五氟苯基)4-(羟苯基)硼酸烷基铵和有机金属化合物,例如三乙基铝的反应产物,代表从上述步骤(i)获得的产物。
用于步骤(i)的有机金属化合物典型地选自包含周期表1-14族金属的那些,但优选的有机金属化合物是13族的那些,例如包含铝的那些。
特别优选的有机金属化合物是有机铝化合物例如三烷基铝化合物,如三甲基铝、三乙基铝或三异丁基铝。
合适的载体材料包括无机金属氧化物或可以使用聚合物载体。
用于与本发明方法的负载催化剂一起使用的最优选载体是二氧化硅。合适的二氧化硅包括Crosield ES70和Davison 948二氧化硅。
可以将载体材料进行热处理和/或化学处理以降低载体材料的水含量或羟基含量。典型地化学脱水剂是反应性金属氢化物、烷基铝和卤化物。在它的使用之前,可以在100℃-1000℃和优选200-850℃下在惰性气氛中,在减压下将载体进行处理。
载体材料可以进一步与有机金属化合物,优选有机铝化合物,和最优选三烷基铝化合物在稀溶剂中结合。
在-20℃~150℃温度下和优选在20℃-100℃下采用有机金属化合物预处理载体材料。
本发明的另外载体是非多孔聚苯乙烯例如二乙烯基苯交联的聚苯乙烯。
金属茂配合物可包括例如传统的双Cp金属茂配合物或更优选具有‘受限几何’构型的单环戊二烯基配合物。
特别合适的配合物,例如是在WO95/00526中公开的那些,该文献的公开内容在此引入作为参考。
用于本发明负载催化剂制备的优选金属茂配合物可由如下通式表示:
其中:
R’每种情况下独立地选自氢、烃基、甲硅烷基、甲锗烷基、卤素、氰基、及其结合,该R’含有至多20个非氢原子,和非必要地两个R’基团(其中R’不是氢、卤素或氰基)一起形成连接到环戊二烯基环相邻部分上的其二价衍生物以形成稠环结构;
Y是-O-、-S-、-NR*-、-PR*-,
M是处于+2正常氧化态的钛或锆;
Z*是SiR* 2、CR* 2、SiR* 2SIR* 2、CR* 2CR* 2、CR*=CR*、CR* 2SIR* 2、或GeR* 2,其中:
R*每种情况下独立地是氢,或选自如下的基团:烃基、甲硅烷基、卤代烷基、卤代芳基、及其结合物,该R*含有至多10个非氢原子,和非必要地Z*的两个R*基团(其中R’不是氢),或Z*的R*基团和Y的R*基团形成环体系。
合适X基团的例子包括s-反式-η4-1,4-二苯基-1,3-丁二烯、s-反式-η4-3-甲基-1,3-戊二烯、s-反式-η4-2,4-己二烯、s-反式-η4-1,3-戊二烯、s-反式-η4-1,4-二甲苯基-1,3-丁二烯、s-反式-η4-1,4-双(三甲基甲硅烷基)-1,3-丁二烯、s-顺式-η4-3-甲基-1,3-戊二烯、s-顺式-η4-1,4-二苄基-1,3-丁二烯、s-顺式-η4-1,3-戊二烯、s-顺式-η4-1,4-双(三甲基甲硅烷基)-1,3-丁二烯、该s-顺式二烯烃基团与金属形成在此定义的π配合物。
最优选R’是氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、苄基、或苯基或2个R’基团(除氢以外)键合在一起,整个C5R’4基团因此是例如,茚基、四氢茚基、芴基、四氢芴基、或八氢芴基。
高度优选的Y基团是包含相应于通式-N(R”)-或-P(R”)-基团的含氮或磷基团,其中R”是C1-10烃基。
最优选的配合物是酰氨基硅烷或酰氨基烷烃二基配合物。
最优选的配合物是其中M是钛的那些。
适用于本发明负载催化剂制备的具体配合物是在上述WO95/00526中公开的那些和在此引入作为参考。
用于本发明负载催化剂制备的特别优选的配合物是(叔丁基酰氨基)(四甲基-η5-环戊二烯基)二甲基硅烷钛-η4-1,3-戊二烯。
用于步骤(iv)的有机金属化合物可以与上述那些相同或不同。步骤(iv)的优选有机金属化合物是有机铝化合物例如三烷基铝化合物,如三甲基铝、三乙基铝或三异丁基铝。
金属茂配合物与用于本发明方法的离子活化剂的摩尔比范围可以为1∶10000-100∶1。优选的范围是1∶5000-10∶1,和最优选是1∶10-10∶1。
本发明的负载金属茂催化剂最适于气相中的操作。用于烯烃聚合,特别是用于乙烯均聚和乙烯与α-烯烃例如1-丁烯、1-己烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯的共聚的气相方法在本领域是公知的。特别优选的气相方法是在流化床中操作的那些。这样方法的例子描述于EP89691和EP692213,后者是用于采用本发明负载催化剂的特别优选的方法。
特别优选的聚合方法是包括乙烯聚合或乙烯与含有3-10个碳原子的α-烯烃共聚的那些。
因此根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种乙烯聚合或乙烯与含有3-10个碳原子的α-烯烃共聚的方法,该方法在聚合条件下,在以上所述的负载金属茂催化剂体系存在下进行。
现在进一步参考以下实施例说明本发明:
实施例
现在进一步参考以下实施例说明本发明:
催化剂制备
在氮气气氛下在间歇反应器中进行所有的催化剂制备。由通过分子筛和活性氧化铝精制溶剂。
对比例1
将18kg的原料Grace948二氧化硅在7cm/s下采用氮气流化。在1.5℃/min速率下将温度升高到250℃。将二氧化硅在250℃干燥超过5h,然后在1℃/min速率下冷却到室温。
在装配有166rpm叶轮搅拌器的240升反应器中,引入110升己烷,1升包含浓度为2.0g/l的Stadis425的己烷溶液,和10.7kg上述煅烧的二氧化硅。在5分钟搅拌之后,滗析己烷以达到110升的最后淤浆体积,然后引入30升己烷。向此淤浆中在30℃定量加入20.3升的TEA的923mmol Al/l己烷溶液。将获得的淤浆在30℃下搅拌2小时。滗析己烷溶液以留下110升淤浆,引入130升己烷和再次滗析己烷溶液以留下110升淤浆。继续此过程直到在溶剂洗涤物中的铝为<0.5mmol/升。将获得的淤浆转移到装配有搅拌器/垂直嵌条(pale)的干燥器中和在减压下在60℃下除去挥发物以达到<0.5%wt的残余溶剂水平。向干燥二氧化硅中加入在甲苯中的1.5g/l溶液的11Stadis425和11甲苯。
向装配有300rpm涡轮搅拌器的24升反应器中,加入2.9升甲苯,3.7kg(4.31)在甲苯中的9.63%wt溶液的离子活化剂A,然后加入1.2kg(1.31)的TEA在甲苯中的250mmol Al/l溶液。将混合物在20℃下搅拌30分钟。将获得的溶液在30℃下在2小时内定量转移到以上制备的TEA处理二氧化硅中,随后加入另外的0.5升甲苯。在35℃下在减压下除去挥发物以达到约22-23wt%。残余甲苯水平。快速引入60升己烷和将获得的淤浆在20℃下搅拌1小时。向淤浆中加入配合物A,1.6kg在庚烷中的7.15%wt溶液。将获得的淤浆在20℃下搅拌1小时,向其中加入在己烷中的2g/l溶液的1升Stadis 425。
将以上淤浆转移到装配有166rpm叶轮搅拌器的240升反应器中,随后加入70升己烷。滗析溶液以留下110升淤浆,向其中加入150升己烷随后滗析到110升淤浆。重复此过程两次和将最终淤浆转移到装配有搅拌器/垂直嵌条的干燥器中和在减压下在40℃下除去挥发物以达到约1wt%的最终溶剂水平。
实施例1
在装配有166rpm叶轮搅拌器的240升反应器中,引入110升己烷,1升包含浓度为2.0g/l的Stdis425的己烷溶液,和10.0kg的Grace948二氧化硅,该二氧化硅为由相似于对比例1中总结的程序活化。在5分钟搅拌之后,滗析己烷以达到110升的最后淤浆体积,然后引入30升己烷。向此淤浆中在30℃定量加入18.4升的TEA的980mmol Al/l己烷溶液。将获得的淤浆在30℃下搅拌2小时。滗析己烷溶液以留下110升淤浆,引入130升己烷和再次滗析己烷溶液以留下110升淤浆。继续此方法直到在溶剂洗涤物中的铝为<0.5mmol/升。将获得的淤浆转移到装配有搅拌器/垂直嵌条的干燥器中和在减压下在60℃下除去挥发物以达到<0.5%wt的残余溶剂水平。向干燥二氧化硅中加入在甲苯中的1.5g/l溶液的11 Stadis425和11己烷。
向装配有300rpm涡轮搅拌器的24升反应器中,加入2.5升己烷,4.2kg(4.81)为在甲苯中的9.63%wt溶液的离子活化剂A,然后加入2.5kg(2.91)的TEA在甲苯中的250mmol Al/l溶液。将混合物在20℃下搅拌1小时。将获得的溶液在30℃下在2小时内定量转移到以上制备的TEA处理二氧化硅中,随后加入另外的0.5升己烷,和搅拌1小时。向获得的浸渍二氧化硅中在20℃下加入配合物A,1.4kg(1.61)在庚烷中的9.18%wt溶液,随后在20℃下搅拌1小时。将60升10mmol/l的TEA己烷溶液加入到浸渍的二氧化硅中,将获得的淤浆在20℃下搅拌1小时。向淤浆中加入在己烷中的2g/l溶液的Stadis425。
将以上淤浆转移到装配有166rpm叶轮搅拌器的240升反应器中,随后加入70升己烷。滗析溶液以留下110升淤浆,向其中加入150升己烷随后滗析到110升淤浆。重复此过程两次和将最终淤浆转移到装配有搅拌器/垂直嵌条的干燥器中和在减压下在40℃下除去挥发物以达到约1wt%的最终溶剂水平。
缩写
TEA 三乙基铝
离子活化剂 A [N(H)Me(C18-22H37-45)2][B(C6F5)3](C6H4OH)]
配合物A (C5Me4SiMe2NtBu)Ti(η4-1,3-戊二烯)
催化剂测试
在表中总结了在连续气相中试装置中乙烯和己烯共聚的结果。氢气用作链转移剂以控制分子量。
催化剂 | T | PC2 | 密度 | MI2.16 | 生产率 |
℃ | 巴 | kg/m3 | g/10min | g/g | |
对比例1 | 75 | 9 | 917.3 | 0.92 | 2000 |
实施例1 | 75 | 9 | 917.5 | 1.20 | 3400 |
实施例1 | 75 | 15 | 917.0 | 1.32 | 5100 |
结果清楚地表明,当催化剂制备利用有机金属化合物进行另外进一步处理时,在气相中得到改进的生产率。
Claims (17)
1.一种负载金属茂催化剂体系的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(i)在合适的溶剂中混合
(a)有机铝化合物,和
(b)包括阳离子和阴离子的离子活化剂;
(ii)向载体材料中加入步骤(i)的混合物;
(iii)加入在合适的溶剂中的金属茂配合物;
(iv)进一步加入在合适的溶剂中的有机铝化合物;和
(v)除去溶剂。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中有机铝化合物是三烷基铝化合物。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中离子活化剂的阳离子包括烃基取代的铵盐和阴离子包括芳基取代的硼酸根。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其中离子活化剂包括阳离子和阴离子,其中阴离子含有至少一种取代基,该取代基包括含有活性氢的部分。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其中离子活化剂是三(五氟苯基)4-(羟苯基)硼酸烷基铵。
6.根据权利要求5的方法,其中离子活化剂是三(五氟苯基)4-(羟苯基)硼酸双(氢化牛脂烷基)甲基铵。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其中载体材料是无机氧化物。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其中无机氧化物是二氧化硅。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其中二氧化硅已经采用有机金属化合物预处理。
10.根据权利要求1的方法,其中金属茂配合物是受限几何结构配合物。
11.根据权利要求1的方法,其中金属茂配合物具有如下通式:
其中:
R’每种情况下独立地选自氢、烃基、甲硅烷基、甲锗烷基、卤素、氰基、及其结合,该R’含有至多20个非氢原子,和非必要地两个R’基团,其中R’不是氢、卤素或氰基,一起形成连接到环戊二烯基环相邻部分上的其二价衍生物以形成稠环结构;
X是含有至多30个非氢原子的中性η4键合二烯基团,它与M形成η配合物;
Y是-O-、-S-、-NR*-、-PR*-,
M是处于+2正常氧化态的钛或锆;
Z*是SiR* 2、CR* 2、SiR* 2SIR* 2、CR* 2CR* 2、CR*=CR*、CR* 2SIR* 2、或GeR* 2,其中:
R*每种情况下独立地是氢,或选自如下的基团:烃基、甲硅烷基、卤代烷基、卤代芳基、及其结合物,该R*含有至多10个非氢原子,和非必要地Z*的两个R*基团,其中R’不是氢,或Z*的R*基团和Y的R*基团形成环体系。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中金属M是钛。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中金属茂配合物是(叔丁基酰氨基)(四甲基-η5-环戊二烯基)二甲基硅烷钛-η4-1,3-戊二烯。
14.根据权利要求1-13任意一项的方法,其中金属茂配合物与离子活化剂的摩尔比范围是1∶10000-100∶1。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所述范围是1∶10-10∶1。
16.一种乙烯聚合或乙烯与含有3-10个碳原子的α-烯烃共聚的方法,该方法在聚合条件下,在根据项权利1-15任意一项制备的负载金属茂催化剂体系存在下进行。
17.根据权利要求16的方法,其在气相中进行。
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GBGB0017547.1A GB0017547D0 (en) | 2000-07-17 | 2000-07-17 | Supported polymerisation catalysts |
GB0017517.1 | 2000-07-17 |
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EP (1) | EP1303545B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004504419A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100787843B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1214050C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE272656T1 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU2001269328B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0112592A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2416536C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60104700T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2223886T3 (zh) |
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MX (1) | MXPA03000482A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY134054A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2003104788A (zh) |
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TWI300782B (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2008-09-11 | Ineos Europe Ltd | Supported polymerisation catalysts |
GB0610668D0 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2006-07-12 | Nova Chem Int Sa | Supported antistatic polymerization catalysts |
GB0610667D0 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2006-07-05 | Nova Chem Int Sa | Supported polymerization catalysts |
RU2549541C2 (ru) | 2009-07-28 | 2015-04-27 | Юнивейшн Текнолоджиз, Ллк | Способ полимеризации с использованием нанесенного катализатора с затрудненной геометрией |
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DE69611554T2 (de) * | 1995-02-20 | 2001-07-05 | Tosoh Corp., Shinnanyo | Katalysator für die Polymerisation von Olefinen und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Olefinpolymerisaten |
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KR20030020375A (ko) | 2003-03-08 |
DE60104700D1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
AU2001269328B2 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
US6818712B2 (en) | 2004-11-16 |
EP1303545A1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
JP2004504419A (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
BR0112592A (pt) | 2005-01-25 |
EP1303545B1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
ATE272656T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
DE60104700T2 (de) | 2005-08-11 |
KR100787843B1 (ko) | 2007-12-27 |
MXPA03000482A (es) | 2003-09-05 |
WO2002006357A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
US20030166801A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
RU2003104788A (ru) | 2004-08-20 |
ES2223886T3 (es) | 2005-03-01 |
ZA200300415B (en) | 2003-11-07 |
CA2416536C (en) | 2010-01-05 |
GB0017547D0 (en) | 2000-09-06 |
CN1458941A (zh) | 2003-11-26 |
TWI304408B (en) | 2008-12-21 |
MY134054A (en) | 2007-11-30 |
CA2416536A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
AU6932801A (en) | 2002-01-30 |
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