CN1198688A - 固持射流元件的装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
如果承受流体压力的元件是由耐磨、硬质且易脆材料制成,局部的高应力可使之破坏,则安装该元件需要特别的措施。这种射流元件设置在弹性元件中,弹性元件比如由硅橡胶所制成,弹性元件的轮廓对应于射流元件的外轮廓及固持件的内轮廓。因采用“浮动式安装”,其中没有不可接受的局部应力峰值,且射流元件不会变形。本装置尤其适用于安装由玻璃或硅制成的承受高压力的微型射流元件。
Description
本发明涉及一种固持射流元件的装置，特别是指喷嘴或喷射器，尤其用在高压状态下。
本发明尤其涉及一种装置，它用于固持用于雾化器中的微型结构的喷嘴，以产生无推进剂的药雾供吸入之用。例如在WO94/07607专利申请中披露了此种喷嘴。这种喷嘴的特征在于，它们产生的可吸入颗粒尺寸约为5微米，液体在高压下(在50至400bar之间或高达600bar)被雾化，经开口小于10微米的喷嘴雾化。举例来说，这种喷嘴可由薄硅板或玻璃板制成，外径以微米计。例如典型的喷嘴由两板构成为盒型，边缘尺寸为1.1×1.5×2.0mm。例如由专利申请WO91/14468公开了一种用于产生无推进剂雾气的喷雾器，其中使用了固定本发明喷嘴的装置。
本发明的目的在于提供一种装置，它较好地适用于耐磨、硬质且通常易脆的材料所制成的射流元件。
文中所指的射流元件是指承受流体压力的元件，而元件的内侧，例如喷嘴孔中也承受压力。例如，可以将这种元件压入硬质材料的固持件中而以紧压的方式安装，只要元件的材料可以承受机械力而不会破裂或变形至不可接受的程度即可。在高压使用时，使用由可变形材料制成的密封件，例如铜，或硬质材料可以用相当大的力压迫。对于由易脆材料制成的元件的情形，用公知的以紧压方式安装元件的方法产生的费用较大，且需要特别注意。这样所提供的安装的射流元件的使用寿命的可靠数据是有限的。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种固持射流元件的装置，它也适用于由耐磨、硬质且通常易脆的材料制成的射流元件，而且不会在射流元件的材料中产生不可接受的高压力点。
本发明的目的是通过用于固持承受流体压力的射流元件的装置实现的，其特征在于，
一固持件，射流元件装设在固持件内侧，固持件在低压端接触射流元件；
一弹性元件，其外轮廓和固持件的内轮廓相匹配，内轮廓和射流元件的外轮廓相匹配；
弹性元件包住射流元件的整个外周；及
弹性元件具有至少一个承受流体压力的自由表面。
弹性元件最好由注塑方法制成，其中预弹性元件无气体地传送至模具中，模具对应于固持件及射流元件的轮廓。预弹性元件在模具中硬化，最好在压力下硬化。
弹性元件也可在固持射流元件之处形成。
这种弹性元件的特性有些类似于不可压缩的流体。它可较好地和固持件及射流元件配合。
弹性元件包住射流元件整个周边。弹性元件仅在压力端暴露在流体压力下，并非和固持件及射流元件的侧面结合。弹性元件可使射流元件上的压力均等。弹性元件在低压端没有任何自由表面。弹性元件可包含天然橡胶或合成橡胶，例如硅橡胶或聚胺酯。
射流元件可包含耐磨、硬质且通常易脆的材料(例如硅、玻璃、陶磁、宝石例如蓝宝石、红宝石、钻石)或可延展的具有耐磨的硬质表面的材料(例如塑胶、铜、镀硬铬的铜、黄铜、铝、钢、具有硬质表面的钢)。它可由单件或多件组合而制成，多件组合时可为不同的材料。射流元件可为凹状、凹槽或通道结构，例如喷嘴结构。
固持件可包含任何材料，最好为金属或塑胶，而且可为旋转体或任何预定形状。它可以用模制、铸造或机械加工方法制成。
建议对柱状弹性体的情况，使弹性元件承受特定的机械力，此机械力使弹性元件承受预应力。这可通过压迫结合件或一个(或多个)位移元件而向弹性元件上施加压力而实现。
本发明的装置具有以下优点：
·在射流元件中没有不可接受的局部压力峰值，因为“浮动安装”可确保流体内侧及外侧的流体压力均相同。
·固持件施加的力及经结合的弹性元件施加至射流元件的流体压力不会使射流元件产生任何变形。
·射流元件的材料有一定延展性，如同易脆材料制成的射流元件一样被夹住。
·即使流体压力减少或降至形成压力以下时，射流元件的安装仍维持密封。
·安装对动态高压负载，例如由压力起伏产生的负载的反应并不灵敏。
·射流元件及弹性元件可简单地安装在固持件中，不需要力且不需要调整。对于射流元件而言，没有脆裂的危险，对于弹性元件而言，没有滑出固持件的危险。
它尤其适用于微型尺寸的射流元件。
以下参照参考附图对本发明的装置予以详细说明。
图1为一立体图，示出了由金属制成的柱状固持件1。它具有截锥状凹槽2，凹槽2在高压端的直径大于低压端的直径。在其基部3，固持件具有一开口4。固持件的外部可为截锥状，且凹槽可为柱状。
图2示出了弹性元件5，其形状和图1中固持件的形状对应，且对应于图3中射流元件的形状。
图3示出了一射流元件6，由两方形板在其接触表面结合在一起而构成。至少一板上设有通道结构7，通道结构7在低压侧容纳一喷嘴。
图4a及图4b均为本装置另一实施例的剖面图，其为沿该装置的轴线所在的平面所取的剖面图，而且均平行于射流元件的一侧。固持件8设有一环9，它突出于弹性元件的边缘之外。
图5示出了微型结构的射流元件，其为喷嘴组合10形式，包含一基板11及一盖板12。为了使图示较清楚，两板分开显示。在组合状态时，两板固定在一起，被喷成雾状的流体穿过入口侧16(高压侧)上的过滤器组合13进入喷嘴组合10，而且经过窄通道17及两较宽的通道15至喷嘴出口14(低压侧)。板11及12可由硅或玻璃制成。喷嘴的其他详细结构在WO94/07607专利申请中披露，这里将其引用为参考文件。实施例：装设微型结构的雾化器喷嘴
本装置包含一钢制的柱状固持件，外径为3.2mm，高度为2.6mm。它包含一凹槽，在高压端其内径为2.3mm，在低压端内径为2.1mm。固持件的基部厚度为0.4mm，且包含一直径为0.8mm的孔。
弹性元件由硅橡胶制成，为一截锥状。在插入固持件之前，它在高压端的直径为2.3mm，在低压端的直径为2.2mm，高度为1.8mm。它包含一凹槽，它对称于其轴线并沿整个长度方向延伸，其宽度为1.0mm，高度为1.4mm。
射流元件为盒形，由两块硅板构成，宽度为1.1mm，长度为1.5mm，高度为2.0mm。在两板之间的接触表面中，它包含一平坦、方形的厚度为400微米的凹槽，终止于一通道中，通道的宽度为50微米，厚度为50微米，长度为200微米。
该装置固定在一容器中，该容器容纳被雾化的流体。在射流元件内侧的流体压力为32MPa(320bar)。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于固持射流元件的装置，射流元件承受流体压力，其特征在于：
一固持件，射流元件安装在固持件内侧，固持件在低压端和射流元件接触；
一弹性元件，其外轮廓和固持件的内轮廓匹配，其内轮廓和射流元件的外轮廓匹配；
弹性元件包住射流元件的整个外周；以及
弹性元件具有至少一个承受流体压力的自由表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述装置，其特征在于，它具有一射流元件，该射流元件由耐磨、硬质且通常是易脆的材料(例如硅、玻璃、陶磁、宝石)制成，或是由可延展的材料(例如塑胶或金属，最好是铜、镀硬铬的铜、黄铜、铝、钢、具有硬化面的钢)制成，或由这些材料的组合物所制成。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的装置，其特征在于，射流元件可为单件式的，也可为多件式的。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，它具有一弹性元件，该元件由天然橡胶或合成橡胶制成，例如硅橡胶或聚胺酯。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，它具有一由硅、玻璃或硅/玻璃制成的射流元件，其具有一通道构造。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，它具有一位移元件压在弹性元件上。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，它具有一射流元件，其为喷嘴形式，用以使药液雾化以供吸入。
8.在雾化器中使用如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的固持射流元件的装置，以产生无推进剂的雾气供吸入。
9.使用权利要求1至7中任一项所述的固持射流元件的装置，其中在高压侧的压力可高达600bar。
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| DE19536903A DE19536903C2 (de) | 1995-10-04 | 1995-10-04 | Vorrichtung zum Haltern eines fluidischen Bauteils |
| DE19536903.3 | 1995-10-04 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1198688A true CN1198688A (zh) | 1998-11-11 |
| CN1073472C CN1073472C (zh) | 2001-10-24 |
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| CN96197362A Expired - Lifetime CN1073472C (zh) | 1995-10-04 | 1996-10-04 | 固持射流元件的装置 |
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| CN (1) | CN1073472C (zh) |
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| DE19943262A1 (de) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-15 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Fluidicdüse |
| DE10216036A1 (de) | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-23 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Aerosolformulierung für die Inhalation enthaltend ein Tiotropiumsalz |
| DE10216429A1 (de) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-23 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Arzneimittel enthaltend Steroide und ein neues Anticholinergikum |
| DE10225470A1 (de) | 2002-06-08 | 2003-12-18 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Vernebler mit Merkhilfe für das Therapieregiment |
| ATE349210T1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2007-01-15 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Pharazeutische zusammensetzungen aus anticholinergica und p38 kinase hemmern zur behandlung von erkrankungen der atemwege |
| DE10230751A1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-22 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Neue Arzneimittelkompositionen auf der Basis neuer Anticholinergika und EGFR-Kinase-Hemmern |
| US20040166065A1 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-08-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aerosol formulation for inhalation comprising an anticholinergic |
| US7699052B2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2010-04-20 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Apparatus for the dispensing of liquids, container cartridge suitable for this, and system comprising the apparatus for the dispensing of liquids, and the container cartridge |
| DE10248357A1 (de) | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-06 | Hammelmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Düse zur Erzeugung eines Hochdruckstrahls |
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