CN1196958A - 双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒 - Google Patents

双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒 Download PDF

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CN1196958A
CN1196958A CN97120258A CN97120258A CN1196958A CN 1196958 A CN1196958 A CN 1196958A CN 97120258 A CN97120258 A CN 97120258A CN 97120258 A CN97120258 A CN 97120258A CN 1196958 A CN1196958 A CN 1196958A
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陈隆雄
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    • A61B5/150671—Pivotable protective sleeves, i.e. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device, and which are pivoted for covering or uncovering the piercing element comprising means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from covering to uncovering position
    • A61B5/150687—Pivotable protective sleeves, i.e. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device, and which are pivoted for covering or uncovering the piercing element comprising means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from covering to uncovering position semi-automatically triggered, i.e. in which the triggering of the pivotable protective sleeve requires a deliberate action by the user such as manual release of spring-biased extension means
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Abstract

一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒,其主要结构是包括有一针筒本体,一真空内容器,一针体组,一钟形衬套,一收针卡合管,一针头盖及一底盖所构成,其特点是针头盖及底盖均可反向嵌插入于针筒本体内,将前后两针尖挤压至弯曲而彻底摧毁,或使前后两针尖分别封闭于针头盖及底盖反向形成的保护管体中,而与外围的针筒本体构成双重保护,使针尖不致暴露,使其在丢弃后至销毁过程中不致触及任何处理人员,以达最高的安全性及环保要求。

Description

双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒
本发明涉及医疗器械(具)，尤指一种真空抽血针筒。
近年来由于医学的进步，及一些可藉由血液传染病疫的泛滥阴影，如爱滋病、肝炎等疾病，使得医疗用的注射针筒不再是如以往消毒后一再重复使用态样，而是改采用一次性丢弃式，且丢弃后的针筒安全性及环保概念也愈来愈受重视，因此，相关业者纷纷设计出各种形式的安全注射针筒来提供各界使用；而，对双头针尖的真空抽血针筒而言，于坊间上尚鲜有安全丢弃或良好设计的产品应市，一般均是采用注射用的安全针筒来进行抽血，并于抽取血液完成后，再将针筒内血液转注射入于真空容器中，如此反复烦琐的动作，对医疗人员而言实属不经济且增加血液传染机率，而本创作人有鉴于此，乃于成功开发出一系列的注射用安全针筒创作(如“直接联结式安全针筒”，专利证书号码82218049号)后，再致力于研发双头针尖的安全抽血针筒，于是有本发明的提出；即，
本发明的主要目的，在于提供双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，可在抽取血液动作且取出注满存有血液容器时，将针头拉入针筒内，避免针尖暴露在外，而造成医疗人员或废弃物处理人员受到伤害。
本发明的另一目的，在于提供双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，于使用完毕并将针头收入筒体内后，可利用针头盖及底盖反向盖入针筒内时，将双头针尖挤压弯曲破坏或予以双重封闭，预防丢弃后至销毁过程中再次暴露而造成伤害。
本发明的再一目的，在于提供双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，于使用完毕后，针头盖及底盖反向盖入针筒内以增强针筒的强度，于丢弃后的处理中不易破裂，减低针尖再度暴露的机会，达到环保的要求。
本发明的又一目的，在于提供双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，于使用完毕后，针头盖及底盖不予丢弃而仍盖入针筒，以避免形成零星垃圾，造成环保问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案为：一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，主要是包括：
一圆筒形的针筒本体，具前端设有一收缩口，后端为一喇叭形开口；
一钟形衬套，其前端为一收缩管，是卡合在针筒本体前端的收缩口内，藉一组相对的斜坡环被握持定位，其后端的钟形开口则设有一圈向内凸起的倒钩环，在收缩管的前端外围则设有一圈向内凹的倒钩凸环；
一针体组，是由一具有前后针尖的针体贯穿一蛋形橡胶体的中心而形成，藉其橡胶体腰部的一圈斜坡凹槽与钟形衬套前端收缩管内的一圈向内伸展的凸环相配合而被握持于该收缩管内；
一真空内容器，是为一塑胶试管，管口设有一橡胶塞盖以密封管口并保持器内适当的真空度，以便自动物体抽取血液；
一收针卡合管，是与该真空内容器一体成型的延伸管体，两者的相连处为一圈预设的脆弱折断切口，便于抽血完成后取出真空内容器时于此处折断而分离，该收针卡合管前端管口设有一圈向外伸展的倒钩环，具从管口至中部有多数条纵向的开口直槽，使其形成一具有弹性的卡合结构，收针卡合管的后端管内设有至少一圈向内伸展的倒钩环，而其外圈则设多数圈向外的凸环；
一针头盖，是为一前端封闭而后端开口并设有一向外伸展凸缘的管体，其内径前后一致而略大于针体的蛋形橡胶体的外径，其外径则为前端略小于针筒收缩口的内径，而后端略大于收缩口外径；及
一底盖，为一向外凸出使内部有适当空间足以容纳真空内容器的“U”形结构体，是设在针筒喇叭形开口的尾部，盖口设有一圈向外伸展并反向延伸的凸缘，使在正向盖合时与针筒本体喇叭形开口的凸环配合以固定，而在反向盖入时则与针筒本体向外的凸缘相卡合而无法再行打开；
纵组上述构件，当于欲行使抽血动作而推使真空内容器向前时，收针卡合管前端的弹性卡合片将被收缩而滑入钟形衬套中，而在抽血完成向后拉出真空内容器时，卡合管前端弹性卡合片向外的倒钩环将卡合于钟形衬套钟口的倒钩环而拉使钟形衬套连同针体一起被拉入针筒本体内，且针头盖与底盖均为可反向嵌插入针筒本体中且设有卡合结构，可于完成抽血并取出已储存血液的真空内容器后，由于针头盖与底盖的嵌插入针筒内而可对前后针尖受压弯曲损坏，完成安全措施。
另本发明的该针头盖的前端面是可设为一有相当厚度可让针尖部分刺入其中的软性塑胶体。
该针头盖的前端面是可为刻有用以防止针尖滑动的具斜度的锯齿纹。
该底盖是可为一“W”形结构体，其后端面中央为一能容纳后针尖的空间，而可于底盖反向插入针筒时后针尖被封闭于该空间中。
本发明所提供的一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，是为一种可在抽血完成后，将针头收入筒内，并藉助针头盖及后盖，而将前后针尖加以彻底摧毁或予以双重封闭，如此即使该针筒万一被挤压破裂甚至破碎散失时，其针头盖、钟形衬套、收针卡合管及底盖仍顺次相互卡合，而自成一完全封闭体系，使针尖不致暴露，可使其在丢弃后至销毁的过程中不致触及任何处理人员的人体，以确保最高安全性及符合环保要求。
为使能更了解本发明的目的、特征及功效，兹藉由下述的实施例，并配合所附的附图及附图标号说明，对本发明做一详细说明，说明如后：
附图简单说明：
图1：是为本发明一较佳实施例备用状态下时的纵切面示意图，此实施例可适用于较细小针尖的抽血针筒中。
图1A、1B：是本发明针头盖的其它实施例示意图；
图2：是如图1所示实施例的使用状态示意图；
图3：是为本发明使用状态后的纵切面示意图；
图4：是为本发明在使用后将已抽取储存血液的真空内容器向后拉出时的纵切面示意图；
图5：是为收针卡合管的立体图；
图6：是为显示针头盖及底盖反向盖入针筒体时，双头针尖同时被挤压弯曲而摧毁的纵切面示意图；
图7：是为本发明另一实施例(双重保护型)在备用状态下的纵切面示意图，本实施例是可适用于较粗针尖的抽血针筒中。
图8：是为如图7所示的实施例于抽血后，针头盖及底盖反向盖入针筒使双头针尖封闭在盖子形成的安全空位中，与针筒成为双重封闭情况的示意图。
首先请参阅图1，是为本发明一较佳实施例备用状态下时的纵切面示意图，如图所示，一针筒本体1为一圆柱形筒体，其前端为一收缩口12，口内设有一圈斜坡凸环10，而筒体内亦设有一斜坡凸环11，其后端为一喇叭形开口18，及一向外伸展的凸缘19，喇叭形开口18及凸缘19内分别设有一圈凸环14及15，凸缘19外侧则设有一圈凹槽17；一钟形衬套3嵌接于该针筒本体1内的前端，衬套3前端为一收缩管35，后端为一开口的钟体36，收缩管35外围设一圈向内凹的倒钩环及一斜坡凹环33，此凹环33与针筒本体1收缩口12内斜坡凸环10配合，钟体36的外围设一圈斜坡凹环30与针筒本体1内的凸环11相互配合，由于此二者的搭配，使该衬套3被握持于针筒本体1内，收缩管35内设有一圈斜坡凸环32，钟体口36的开口处设有一圈向内的倒钩凸环31；一针头组6是由一蛋形橡胶体60及一贯穿于该橡胶体60中心的前针尖65及后针尖66所构成，在橡胶体60的腰部则设有一圈斜坡凹环64，配合衬套3前端收缩管35中的斜坡凸环32而使针头组6固定在收缩管35内；一真空内容器2，包括一收纳血液的塑胶(料)试管200，一条保持管内真空度的橡胶塞盖22及一由管壁向前延伸的收针卡合管25，橡胶塞盖22为一“冂”形结构体，其中有一凹穴23以便后针尖66的刺入，其外围腰部则设有一圈凹槽24，该凹槽24腰部以下紧塞于试管200的管口而可保持试管200内适当的真空状态，凹槽24腰部以上为直径较小的圆柱形，以便于医疗人员在取用血液时用手指抓取塞盖22(请参阅图4)，由试管200向前延伸的收针卡合管25，是由一圈预设的脆弱折断切口20与试管200的管壁相连，该折断切口20的位置与橡胶塞盖22腰部的一圈凹槽24相对应，以便折断行动时有受力的空间，收针卡合管25的上缘亦设有一圈向外伸展的倒钩环251(请参阅图5)，下缘则设有一圈向内伸展的倒钩环252，在其中下部分别各设有一圈向外的凸环253及254以使收针卡合管25在针筒本体1内上下滑动时及施行折断时不致歪斜，收针卡合管25的上半部设有多数条开口直槽255，使其上半部形成多数片可向内收缩的弹性卡合片256；一针头盖5，为一后端开口的小管，前端为一具有相当厚度的封闭端口52，后端开口则设有一向外伸展的凸缘51，管中则为容纳前针尖65的空间53，其前端的外径略小于针筒本体1收缩口12的内径，向后逐渐增大使接近后端凸缘51时的外径略大于收缩口12的内径，并在其接近后端凸缘51外圈设有多数圈内陷的倒钩凹环50，以备针头盖能顺利反向插入针筒本体1的收缩口12，并由其倒钩凹环50中之一与针筒收缩口12中的斜坡凸环10相结合而固定(请参阅图6)，针头盖5前端的封闭端口52的外端表面视其所用材质不同而设计成不同的形状，若材质为较质塑胶(料)时其外端表面可为一平面，若为硬质塑胶(料)时应设有防止针尖接触时滑动的构造，图1中显示为锯齿条纹，图1A则显示为一凹窝，图1B则为一平面(软质塑胶)；一“U”形底盖7，其“U”形底部的端面76的结构与针尖盖5的前端面52同样可有多种选择(未显示)，在“U”形口设有向外伸展的凸缘70，并向下反向延伸一外圈74，在外圈74内设有一圈向内的凸环72，在“U”形口的外围则设有一向内的凹环73与针筒喇叭口18内的凸环15相配而使其盖合，“U”形的外围设有多数圈向外的凸环71，在接近底端面76的外圈则设有一圈向外的倒钩环77。
再请参看图2，图中显示本发明的抽血针筒已在使用状态下的情况，针头盖5及底盖7均已取下，前针尖65插入人或动物体血管中，藉由真空内容器2被推向前方而使后针尖66刺入橡胶塞盖22中央的凹穴23中而进行抽血(表示为图中的B)，此时由于真空内容器2的前推而使其前端的收针卡合管25前端的弹性卡合片256进入钟形衬套3下端的钟体36内。
请参阅图3，当抽血完成后，将已储存有血液的真空内容器2开始向后拉扳时，首先后针尖66脱离橡胶塞盖22，前针尖65亦拔离人体，同时收针卡合管25前端的弹性卡合片256弹性外张，使其前缘外的倒钩环251与钟形衬套3钟口内的倒钩凸环31卡合，若再继续向后拉出真空内容器2时，则钟形衬套3将跟着被拉离针筒本体1的收缩口12，且针体6亦随同钟形衬套3被拉入于针筒本体1内。
请再参阅图4，当真空内容器2被拉至最后位置，此时与真空内容器2相连的收针卡合管25底部外缘的凸环254已与针筒本体1的喇叭口18内的凸环14相接触而被阻止前进，同时真空内容器2与收针卡合管25间的折断切口20已暴露在针筒本体1的喇叭口18中，此时扭折真空内容器2即可在折断切口20处折断，而取下已储存有血液的真空内容器2，而收针卡合管25仍留置在针筒本体1内。
请参阅图6，显示于折断切口20在取下已储血的真空内容器2后，再将针头盖5及底盖7分别以反向压入针筒本体1前端的收缩口12及后端的喇叭形开口18时，针头盖5外围的一倒钩凹环50将与针筒1收缩口12内的凸环10相卡合，而底盖7外围的凸环71亦可与针筒喇叭形开口18内的凸环14相卡合，同时其外围的倒钩环77与收针卡合管25底部的倒钩环252卡合。由于针头盖的端面52至底盖端面76间的距离可压至小于针尖65与66的总长度，于是前针尖65及后针尖66均被挤压致弯曲而摧毁，使其丢弃后仍保持不致伤害人体的最高度安全。
最后请参阅图7及图8，图中所示为本发明另一实施例，主要是适用于较粗针尖的真空抽血针筒，因粗大的针尖不易压使弯曲，乃略为变更针头盖5及底盖7的设计而未变更其他主体，图7显示针头盖5前端52再向前延伸一管体56，上端为管口54，管内为足以容纳前针尖65的空间55，当此针头盖5反向插入针筒本体1前端的收缩品2时，如图8所示，前针尖65即被收纳于此容间55中，而其管口54则紧包于针体组6的橡胶体60的前端而使前针尖65得到适当安全的保护。
针头盖5外围的一凹环50可与针筒本体1收缩口12内的凸环10相配合，而底盖7外围的一凸环71将与针筒喇叭形开口18内的凸环14相卡合，同时其外围的倒钩环77与收针卡合管25底部的内倒钩环252卡合。
底盖7则由原来的U形变更为W形，即在中间增加一凹部75，当W形底盖7反向压入时，其外围的倒钩环77相卡合而使后针尖66被封死在W形底盖7中央的凹部75中；此时，针头盖5，钟形衬套3，收针卡合管25与底盖7已完全依次序卡合成一独立的封闭体，将针体组6封闭在内，即使针筒本体1在丢弃过程被破碎，针尖65及66仍不致暴露而达最高的安全度。

Claims (4)

1、一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，其特征在于：主要是包括：
一圆筒形的针筒本体，具前端设有一收缩口，后端为一喇叭形开口；
一钟形衬套，其前端为一收缩管，是卡合在针筒本体前端的收缩口内，藉一组相对的斜坡环被握持定位，其后端的钟形开口则设有一圈向内凸起的倒钩环，在收缩管的前端外围则设有一圈向内凹的倒钩凸环；
一针体组，是由一具有前后针尖的针体贯穿一蛋形橡胶体的中心而形成，藉其橡胶体腰部的一圈斜坡凹槽与钟形衬套前端收缩管内的一圈向内伸展的凸环相配合而被握持于该收缩管内；
一真空内容器，是为一塑胶试管，管口设有一橡胶塞盖以密封管口并保持器内适当的真空度，以便自动物体抽取血液；
一收针卡合管，是与该真空内容器一体成型的延伸管体，两者的相连处为一圈预设的脆弱折断切口，便于抽血完成后取出真空内容器时于此处折断而分离，该收针卡合管前端管口设有一圈向外伸展的倒钩环，具从管口至中部有多数条纵向的开口直槽，使其形成一具有弹性的卡合结构，收针卡合管的后端管内设有至少一圈向内伸展的倒钩环，而其外圈则设多数圈向外的凸环；
一针头盖，是为一前端封闭而后端开口并设有一向外伸展凸缘的管体，其内径前后一致而略大于针体的蛋形橡胶体的外径，其外径则为前端略小于针筒收缩口的内径，而后端略大于收缩口外径；及
一底盖，为一向外凸出使内部有适当空间足以容纳真空内容器的“U”形结构体，是设在针筒喇叭形开口的尾部，盖口设有一圈向外伸展并反向延伸的凸缘，使在正向盖合时与针筒本体喇叭形开口的凸环配合以固定，而在反向盖入时则与针筒本体向外的凸缘相卡合而无法再行打开；
纵组上述构件，当于欲行使抽血动作而推使真空内容器向前时，收针卡合管前端的弹性卡合片将被收缩而滑入钟形衬套中，而在抽血完成向后拉出真空内容器时，卡合管前端弹性卡合片向外的倒钩环将卡合于钟形衬套钟口的倒钩环而拉使钟形衬套连同针体一起被拉入针筒本体内，且针头盖与底盖均为可反向嵌插入针筒本体中且设有卡合结构，可于完成抽血并取出已储存血液的真空内容器后，由于针头盖与底盖的嵌插入针筒内而可对前后针尖受压弯曲损坏，完成安全措施。
2、如权利要求1所述的一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，其特征在于：该针头盖的前端面是可设为一有相当厚度可让针尖部分刺入其中的软性塑胶体。
3、如权利要求1所述的一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，其特征在于：该针头盖的前端面是可为刻有用以防止针尖滑动的具斜度的锯齿纹。
4、如权利要求1所述的一种双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒，其特征在于：该底盖是可为一“W”形结构体，其后端面中央为一能容纳后针尖的空间，而可于底盖反向插入针筒时后针尖被封闭于该空间中。
CN97120258A 1997-02-05 1997-11-07 双头针尖的安全真空抽血针筒 Pending CN1196958A (zh)

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