CN1182780C - 杀生物剂协同组合物 - Google Patents

杀生物剂协同组合物 Download PDF

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CN1182780C
CN1182780C CNB008105286A CN00810528A CN1182780C CN 1182780 C CN1182780 C CN 1182780C CN B008105286 A CNB008105286 A CN B008105286A CN 00810528 A CN00810528 A CN 00810528A CN 1182780 C CN1182780 C CN 1182780C
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K���¿Ʒ�˹��
K·温科夫斯基
T·特绍
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms
    • A01N43/68—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms with two or three nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • A01N43/70—Diamino—1,3,5—triazines with only one oxygen, sulfur or halogen atom or only one cyano, thiocyano (—SCN), cyanato (—OCN) or azido (—N3) group directly attached to a ring carbon atom

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Abstract

一种液体杀生物组合物，通过使用四氯间苯二氰和3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯的协同有效混合物控制细菌、真菌和藻类的生长。

Description

杀生物剂协同组合物
发明领域
本发明涉及液体形式的杀生物组合物，该组合物含四氯间苯二氰和3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯，可用于抑制真菌、藻类和细菌的生长。
相关技术的描述
化合物3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯(下文称为“IPBC”)是一种已知的杀生物剂，具有良好的杀真菌活性。该化合物还对细菌和单细胞绿藻有活性，但发现其对单细胞蓝绿藻不太有效。
已将IPBC与各种杀生物剂混合成组合物形式用于各种应用。U.S.5162343公开了IPBC与2-吡啶硫醇(thiol)-1-氧化钠的杀生物组合物。U.S.5328926公开了IPBC与1，2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮一起用于防治流体中的真菌和细菌。U.S.5591760公开了IPBC与4，5-二氯-2-辛基-3-异噻唑酮一起的各种施用形式。U.S.5707929公开了IPBC与N-环丙基-N′(1，1-二甲基)-6-(甲硫基)-1，3，5-三嗪-2，4-二胺(dismine)一起作为杀真菌剂和杀藻剂。
四氯间苯二氰(下文称为“CTL”)已在农业中和建筑涂料即油漆、染色剂和其他相关涂料中用作杀真菌剂。该化合物在固化的涂料中提供了非常良好并长期的杀真菌保护。
U.S.39486 36公开了四氯间苯二氰的流动性水分散体制剂。PCTWO79/00654公开了表面活性剂和无水介质中的四氯间苯二氰用于涂布施用。U.S.5401757公开了四氯间苯二氰与取代的脲和亚砜或砜一起的杀生物组合物。
尽管CTL已公开的主要效用是作为杀真菌剂，但此化合物对革兰氏阳性菌和单细胞蓝绿藻(蓝藻纲，如颤藻属、伪枝藻属、粘球藻属、色球藻属、眉藻属等)显示有活性。这些物种都是在要涂外用漆的基片上、海水环境中和各种涂层上非常常见的并且不能被IPBC抑制的。
发明概述
根据本发明，现已令人惊讶地发现当IPBC和CTL组合以液体分散体的形式联合使用时，它们构成了显示出杀细菌、杀真菌和杀藻活性的广谱杀生物组合物。该组合物易于使用并且是一种对环境友好的混合物，适于水基和溶剂基施用。
当在涂布应用中使用IPBC和CTL的组合物时，该组合物提供对涂层的短期和长期保护，以及保护其不受细菌、真菌和藻类的侵袭。
此外，如下文的实施例所示，IPBC和CTL的组合物产生的组合杀生物效果要超过各成分单独使用时所产生的杀生物效果的总和。换言之，得到了协同效果。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种杀生物组合物，该组合物适用于以水基和溶剂基施用的方式防治不需要的细菌、真菌和藻类。本发明的液体杀生物组合物包含CTL和IPBC的协同混合物。在本发明中CTL和IPBC的重量比优选为大约0.01∶99至大约99∶0.01，更优选为大约1∶10至大约10∶1，最优选大约1∶4至大约4∶1。该组合物还可含大约0％-大约40％重量的一种或多种表面活性剂，例如EO IPO嵌段共聚物如Witcomol324、磺基丁二酸盐、萘磺酸盐和丙烯酸接枝共聚物，所属表面活性剂起到用于CTL和IPBC的润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂和消泡剂的联合作用。
该组合物还含有大约0％-大约50％重量的环境友好的有机溶剂，以便起到共溶剂的作用以稳定所形成的分散体。可用溶剂的实例是丙二醇甲醚、二丙二醇甲醚、三丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇苯基醚、丙二醇丙醚、丙二醇丁醚和其他已知或用于涂布应用的常规溶剂。
该组合物还可含有0％至大约5％的熔凝硅石、改性或未改性的糖聚合物、聚氨酯或丙烯酸型物质以起到增稠剂或防沉剂的作用，由此随着时间的推移能形成并保持粘性，还可避免固体随着时间推移而沉降。
本发明的组合物有延迟微生物包括细菌、真菌和藻类在油漆、船舶的抗船体附生物涂料、冷却塔、金属加工液、燃料系统、游泳池、涂层、织物、皮革、纸张、木材、美容剂和其他个人保养品、治疗药剂等中生长的效用。
下列实施例用于说明本发明并证明与CTL和IPBC单独使用时的效果相比其组合使用可获得协同效果。
下列细菌、真菌和藻类试验通过在很宽的CTL和IPBC浓度和比例范围内进行的试验证明本发明的两组分组合物的增效作用。对于表I和II中所列微生物，每种细菌进行三次独立的实验测定，每种真菌进行两次独立的实验测定，每种藻类进行一次实验测定。
A.使用来自Sigma-Aldrich的TSA或TSB培养基进行细菌评估。在添加杀生物剂之前，将培养基在121℃高压灭菌20分钟。在将所示浓度的杀生物剂加入培养基后，加入100μl试验细菌(枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC27328或金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC6588)的悬浮液，使其终浓度为大约106CFU/ml。将接种后的培养基在32℃孵育5-7天。
B.真菌评估使用矿物盐-葡萄糖作为液体培养基。使用来自Sigma-Aldrich的麦芽琼脂培养基作为固体培养基。矿物盐-葡萄糖培养基含：0.7g HK2PO4，0.7g MgSO4.7H2O，1.0g NH4NO3，0.005g NaCl，0.002g FeSO4.7H2O，0.002g ZnSO4.7H2O，0.001g葡萄糖，溶解于1.0L去离子水中。用1N NaOH将该培养基的pH值调节至6。在添加杀生物剂之前，将两种培养基在121℃高压灭菌20分钟。每种真菌(黑色曲霉ATCC6275，米曲霉ATCC10191，出芽短柄霉ATCC9348或变绿胶霉ATCC9645)在麦芽琼脂培养基上生长10天，通过将孢子从平板上冲洗到无菌水溶液中制备孢子悬浮液。在将所示浓度的杀生物剂加入培养基后，加入真菌孢子悬浮液。最终的孢子浓度是大约106孢子/ml。将接种后的培养基在28℃孵育7-10天。
C.藻类评估使用改性的Allen′s培养基。为制备该培养基，将下列成分加入1.0L去离子水中：1.5g NaNO3，0.039g K2HPO4，0.075gMgSO4.7H2O，0.027gCaCl2.2H2O，0.02g Na2CO3，0.058gNa2SiO3.9H2O，0.006g柠檬酸铁(分别进行高压灭菌并在冷却后添加)，0.006g柠檬酸，0.001g EDTA和1.0ml Allen′s微量元素。该微量元素溶液是通过将下列成分加入到1.0L去离子水中制备的：2.86gH3BO3，1.81gMnCl2·4H2O，0.222g ZnSO4·7H2O，0.391g Na2MoO4·2H2O，0.079gCuSO4·5H2O和0.0494g Co(NO3)2·6H2O。用1N NaOH将该培养基的pH值调节至7.8。向固体培养基中添加1.5％细菌培养用琼脂(Sigma-Aldrich)。在加入杀生物剂之前将该培养基在121℃高压灭菌20分钟。每种藻(小球藻属ATCC7516，眉藻属ATCC27914，粘球藻属ATCC29115)在3N Bold′s基础培养基中生长10天，通过将细胞从平板上冲洗到无菌水溶液中制备细胞悬浮液。在将所示浓度的杀生物剂加入培养基后，加入藻悬浮液至最终浓度大约为106细胞/ml。将接种后的培养基在14-10小时的光照-黑暗周期条件下在25℃孵育10-15天。
把每种化合物或化合物混合物足以抑制可见生长的最低浓度视为最低抑制浓度(MIC)。MIC视为活性的终点。然后比较CTL和IPBC混合物的终点与纯活性化合物单独使用时的终点。
按照一种通常使用并接受的方法测定增效作用，该方法由KullA.C.；Eisman，P.C.；Sylwestrowicz，H.D.和Mayer，R.L.公开于Applied Microbiology(应用微生物学)，1961，9：538-541，使用通过下列方程测定的比值(ratio)：
Qa/QA+Qb/QB＝协同指数(Synergy Index)
其中
QA是化合物CTL单独作用时产生终点的百万分率(PPM)浓度。
Qa是混合物产生终点时CTL的PPM浓度。
QB是化合物IPBC单独作用时产生终点的PPM浓度。
Qb是混合物产生终点时IPBC的PPM浓度。
当Qa/QA+Qb/QB的总和大于1时，显示有拮抗作用。当总和等于1，显示有相加作用。当总和小于1，显示有增效作用。
证明此杀生物组合物增效作用的结果汇集于下表I和II中。每张表表示各种浓度和比例的CTL和IPBC混合物，表中说明：
1.试验生物(细菌、真菌和藻类)。
2.通过化合物A单独使用(QA)、混合物中的化合物A(Qa)、化合物B单独使用(QB)、混合物中的化合物B(Qb)的MIC测定的PPM单位的终点活性。
3.特定组合中化合物A与化合物B的重量比和基于式SI＝Qa/QA+Qb/QB的协同指数(SI)。
                                 表I
                      CTL与IPBC的组合物(固体培养基)
微生物          CTL(A)      CTL(a)     IPBC(B)     IPBC(b)    比值      SI
                (PPM)       (PPM)      (PPM)       (PPM)      A∶B
细菌：
枯草芽孢杆菌    50          0.25       250         0.25       1∶1      0.002
                50          16.6       250         8.3        2∶1      0.36
                50          1.7        250         3.3        1∶2      0.047金黄色葡萄球菌   25          0.25       100         0.25       1∶1      0.012
                25          16.6       100         8.33       2∶1      0.74
                25          16.6       100         33.3       1∶2      0.99
真菌：
黑色曲霉        5.0         0.25       0.5         0.25       1∶1      0.55
                5.0         0.33       0.5         0.17       2∶1      0.40
                5.0         0.17       0.5         0.33       1∶2      0.69
米曲霉          1.0         0.5        1.0         0.5        1∶1
                1.0         0.33       1.0         0.17       2∶1      0.50
                1.0         0.17       1.0         0.33       1∶2      0.50
出芽短柄霉      100         2.5        2.0         2.5        1∶1
                100         3.33       2.0         1.67       2∶1      0.87
                100         1.67       2.0         3.33       1∶2
变绿胶霉        10.0        0.25       1.0         0.25       1∶1      0.28
                10.0        0.66       1.0         0.33       2∶1      0.40
                10.0        0.33       1.0         0.66       1∶2      0.69
藻类
眉藻属          2.5         1.25       25          1.25       1∶1      0.55
                2.5         1.67       25          0.83       2∶1      0.70
                2.5         0.83       25          1.67       1∶2      0.40
粘球藻属        2.5         5          25          5          1∶1
                2.5         1.67       25          0.83       2∶1      0.70
                2.5         3.33       25          1.67       1∶2
                                 表II
                      CTL与IPBC的组合物(液体培养基)
微生物           CTL(A)      CTL(a)       IPBC(B)     IPBC(b)    比值      SI
                 (PPM)       (PPM)        (PPM)       (PPM)      A∶B
细菌：
枯草芽孢杆菌     1.95        0.625        125         62.5       1∶100    0.82
真菌：
黑色曲霉         2.5         1.25         250         250        1∶200
藻类
小球藻属         100         0.78         25          6.25       8∶1      0.26
从表I和II所列数据可以看出，本发明的组合物证明对细菌、真菌和藻类有协同的杀微生物活性。因此，这两种杀生物剂的组合不仅降低了杀生物剂的用量，而且拓宽了活性谱。这在每种杀生物剂成分单独使用时由于对某种生物的活性较弱而不能获得最佳结果的情况下特别有用。

Claims (2)

1.一种控制细菌、真菌和藻类在水基或溶剂基油漆和涂料制剂中生长的方法，包括向所述水基和溶剂基油漆和涂料制剂中添加杀细菌，杀藻和杀真菌有效量的3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯和四氯间苯二氰的协同混合物，其中四氯间苯二氰与3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯的重量比是1∶10至10∶1。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中四氯间苯二氰与3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯的重量比是1∶4至4∶1。
CNB008105286A 1999-05-24 2000-05-04 杀生物剂协同组合物 Expired - Fee Related CN1182780C (zh)

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DE60015133D1 (de) 2004-11-25
CN1370049A (zh) 2002-09-18
AU757579B2 (en) 2003-02-27
ES2231198T3 (es) 2005-05-16
AU4828500A (en) 2000-12-12
CA2371762A1 (en) 2000-11-30
DE60015133T2 (de) 2005-11-03
BR0011614A (pt) 2002-07-09
US6121198A (en) 2000-09-19
MY120089A (en) 2005-08-30
CA2371762C (en) 2006-07-04

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