CN118165882A - Bacterial preparation for rapidly starting straw fermentation and improving nutrition and application thereof - Google Patents
Bacterial preparation for rapidly starting straw fermentation and improving nutrition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 14
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 14
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-lactic acid Chemical compound C[C@H](O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-CEOVSRFSSA-L calcium;(2s)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].C[C@H](O)C([O-])=O.C[C@H](O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-CEOVSRFSSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
- A23V2400/225—Faecalis
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- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
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- C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of feed additives, wherein the bacterial preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 to 10 parts of saccharomycetes, 1 to 5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1 to 5 parts of enterococcus faecalis; the biological preservation number of the lactobacillus plantarum is as follows: cgmccno.12810; the biological preservation number of the saccharomycetes is as follows: the biological preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.15646; the enterococcus faecalis has the biological preservation number of: cgmccno.19078. The content of each strain is not less than 1 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g; the bacterial preparation provided by the invention is used for rapidly starting fermentation in straw feed, and the fermentation is completed in 5-7 days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement and application thereof.
Background
The straw resources in China are rich, the annual yield of the straw in China is up to 9 hundred million tons according to statistics, the straw forage application is only about 1.5 hundred million tons, and the forage straw is converted into 4000 ten thousand tons of forage according to the nutritional value, so that the straw utilization potential is huge. At present, the annual gap of forage grass in China is about 5.42 hundred million tons, and the shortage and price of the forage exceeds the bearing capacity of farmers, so that the sustainable development of animal husbandry is limited. The current difficulty in straw forage conversion is that lignin degradation is difficult, straw is a water-insoluble high molecular compound formed by connecting cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin through various molecular acting forces such as covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, wax bonds and the like, the lignin in the straw is at the outermost layer, the hemicellulose is at the innermost layer, and the cellulose is tightly wrapped by the lignin and the hemicellulose, so that the palatability and the digestibility are lower; secondly, the crude protein content in the straw is low, so that the requirement of animal crude protein is difficult to meet. Microbial fermentation is the best method for treating corn stover in the present situation. A series of processes by which a suitable amount of a viable bacterial formulation is inoculated to corn stover to promote its production of metabolites under anaerobic conditions is known as straw biofermentation. During this process microorganisms can destroy plant tissue-cell walls that are difficult to absorb and digest, which releases sugars and can increase the available protein content. However, the fermentation process is greatly influenced by environment and time, slow fermentation start and overgrowth of fermentation time become a limiting factor, because the slow fermentation start can lead to incomplete straw fermentation, and meanwhile, the overlength fermentation time can lead to the problems of mycotoxin exceeding and the like caused by the putrefaction and mold breeding of the straw in the fermentation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and improving nutrition and application thereof. The feed additive disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly starting fermentation, is quick in acid production, remarkable in fresh-keeping effect and more thorough in fermentation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a bacterial preparation for rapidly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 to 10 parts of saccharomycetes, 1 to 5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1 to 5 parts of enterococcus faecalis.
Preferably, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2-3 parts of saccharomycetes, 3-5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis.
Preferably, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2 parts of saccharomycetes, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis.
Preferably, the lactobacillus plantarum has a biological accession number of: : cgmccno.12810; the biological preservation number of the saccharomycetes is as follows: the biological deposit number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMC CNo.15646; the enterococcus faecalis has the biological preservation number of: CGMCC No.19078, the content of each bacterium is equal to or greater than 1 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g.
In a second aspect of the invention, the application of the bacterial preparation in straw rapid fermentation and nutrition improvement is provided, wherein the straw feed is used for rapidly starting fermentation and the fermentation is completed within 5-7 days.
Preferably, the addition amount of the bacterial preparation in the straw silage is 200-250 g/ton.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The preparation method is simple, has low cost, and is used for protecting the health of the animals from three dimensions of straw preservation, nutrition digestion and absorption rate improvement and ruminant digestive tract health.
(2) According to the invention, the lactobacillus plantarum is mixed with the saccharomycetes, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis, and the lactobacillus plantarum has a synergistic effect with the saccharomycetes, the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis, so that the fermentation can be started quickly, the acid production is quick, the fresh-keeping effect is obvious, the fermentation is more thorough, the nutrient digestion rate of raw materials is improved, the feed quality is improved, and the animal production performance is promoted.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
The microzyme with the deposit number of CICC32846 can promote the degradation of fiber feed by increasing the number of rumen fungi and improving the activity of cellulase. Bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCC No.15646 can produce amylase, protease and various non-starch polysaccharase, and the enzymes have stronger hydrolase activity and can promote the digestion and absorption of animal organisms. The saccharomycete with the preservation number of CICC32846 and the bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCCNo.15646 can create an anaerobic environment for the growth and propagation of lactobacillus plantarum with the preservation number of CGMCCNo.12810. Enterococcus faecalis with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19078 can decompose part of protein into amide and amino acid, convert most of nitrogen-free extract of carbohydrate into L-lactic acid, and can react with calcium to synthesize L-calcium lactate so as to promote the absorption of calcium by livestock and poultry. Enterococcus faecalis can also soften fibers in the feed and improve the conversion rate of the feed. The lactobacillus plantarum with the preservation number of CGMCC No.12810 is different from other lactobacillus in that the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum is higher, a large amount of acid can be produced, the lactobacillus plantarum with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19078 and the bacillus subtilis with the preservation number of CGMCC No.15646 are synergistic, the anti-nutritional substances in the straw can be rapidly decomposed, the palatability of the fermented straw is improved, a large amount of amino acids and vitamins can be produced in the fermentation process, various minerals are contained, the lactobacillus plantarum can be directly absorbed by animal bodies, the production performance is improved, the immunity of the animal bodies is improved, and the intestinal tract harmful flora is inhibited.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present application, the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional in the art and are commercially available.
Description: the biological preservation number of the lactobacillus plantarum is: cgmccno.12810; the preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.15646; enterococcus faecalis with a preservation number of CGMCC No.19078 is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center; the microzyme with the deposit number of CICC32846 is purchased from China center for type culture Collection of industrial microorganisms. The content of each strain is not less than 1 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g
Example 1
And weighing 300g of saccharomycetes, 300g of enterococcus faecalis, 100g of lactobacillus plantarum and 300g of bacillus subtilis according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition-improving preparation.
Example 2
200G of saccharomycetes, 100g of lactobacillus plantarum, 200g of enterococcus faecalis and 500g of bacillus subtilis are weighed according to parts by weight and uniformly mixed to obtain the straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition-improving preparation.
Example 3
200G of saccharomycetes, 200g of lactobacillus plantarum, 300g of enterococcus faecalis and 300g of bacillus subtilis are weighed according to parts by weight and uniformly mixed to obtain the straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition-improving preparation.
Comparative example 1
200G of saccharomycetes, 300g of enterococcus faecalis and 300g of bacillus subtilis are used as preparations for straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition improvement.
Comparative example 2
200G of saccharomycetes, 200g of lactobacillus plantarum and 300g of bacillus subtilis are used as preparations for straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition improvement.
Comparative example 3
300G of enterococcus faecalis, 200g of lactobacillus plantarum and 300g of bacillus subtilis are used as preparations for straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition improvement.
Test example 1
Crushing whole corn stalks for test, detecting the contents of fat, organic matters and crude proteins, then mixing the whole corn stalks obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 respectively with the crushed whole corn stalks, adding water to adjust the water content to 45%, stirring uniformly, filling into a fermentation bag, sealing and fermenting, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 30-35 ℃.8 replicates per treatment, fermentation run 42d, pH was measured during runs 1-7d, 14d, 28d and 42 d. And detecting the content of fat, organic matters and crude proteins of the whole corn stalk after fermentation at 42 d.
TABLE 1 PH value of fermented corn straw
As can be seen from Table 1, the pH of the fermented corn stover of examples 1-3 and ratios 1-3 was gradually decreased, but the pH of examples 1-3 was decreased rapidly and stabilized for a time period earlier than that of comparative examples 1-3, while the effect of example 3 was best, and the pH was stabilized at 5-7 days, to complete the fermentation.
TABLE 2 content of nutrients in whole corn straw during fermentation
As can be seen from table 2, the addition of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 reduced the loss of nutrients during fermentation of corn stover, while example 3 showed the best retention of nutrients in corn stover, as compared to the blank.
As can be seen from tables 1-2, the preparation for straw fermentation fresh-keeping and nutrition improvement prepared by the invention is characterized in that the preparation rapidly produces acid through lactobacillus plantarum, improves the digestive enzyme activity through saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis and softens fibers in feed through enterococcus faecalis, and cooperates with the rapid start of fermentation, so that the preparation rapidly produces acid, has remarkable fresh-keeping effect, enables the fermentation to be more thorough, improves the nutrient digestibility of corn straw, and promotes the animal production performance.
Test example 2
And adopting a single-factor test design, selecting 12 three-way hybrid commercial fattening pigs with similar weights (20 kg), and carrying out 84-day cultivation test. The randomization was divided into 2 treatments. A control group fed with basal diet; in the test group, 50% of the daily ration of the basic group is replaced by the equivalent amount of the whole plant straw of the fermented corn of the embodiment 3. The growth performance is monitored in the test period, and three heads are randomly selected for slaughter at the end of the test to determine the meat production performance.
TABLE 3 growth Properties
| Project | Average daily gain g/head/d | Average daily feed intake g/head/d | Ratio of weight to weight (Wet material) | Ratio of weight to material (Dry basis) |
| Blank control group | 647.9 | 2236.6 | 3.417 | 3.076 |
| Example 3 | 658.8 | 3770.1 | 5.699 | 3.490 |
Table 4 meat production Properties
Tables 3 to 4 show that the average daily gain is increased by 10.9g by using the corn stalks after fermentation in example 3 instead of 50% of the basic ration of commercial fattening pigs, and the slaughter rate, carcass slant length, carcass straight length and eye muscle area are all improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 to 10 parts of saccharomycetes, 1 to 5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1 to 5 parts of enterococcus faecalis; the biological preservation number of the lactobacillus plantarum is as follows: cgmccno.12810; the biological preservation number of the saccharomycetes is as follows: the biological preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.15646; the enterococcus faecalis has the biological preservation number of: cgmccno.19078.
2. The bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2-3 parts of saccharomycetes, 3-5 parts of bacillus subtilis and 2-3 parts of enterococcus faecalis.
3. The bacterial preparation for quickly starting straw fermentation and nutrition improvement according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial preparation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2 parts of saccharomycetes, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 3 parts of enterococcus faecalis.
4. Use of a bacterial formulation according to any one of claims 1-3 for rapid fermentation of straw and for nutritional promotion, said use for rapid start-up of fermentation of straw feed, completed in 5-7 days.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the bacterial preparation is added to the straw silage in an amount of 200-250 g/ton.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105483040A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 河南省木本饲料工程技术研究中心 | Compound biological strain for feed and preparation method of fermented feed |
| CN107173557A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-19 | 固原博泰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of biology corn feedstuff and its production technology |
| CN107235753A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽赛澳生物工程有限公司 | A kind of biodegrading process of crop material |
| CN108077565A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 郑州神草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation for promoting fast growth of animal |
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- 2024-04-16 CN CN202410451481.1A patent/CN118165882A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105483040A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 河南省木本饲料工程技术研究中心 | Compound biological strain for feed and preparation method of fermented feed |
| CN107173557A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-19 | 固原博泰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of biology corn feedstuff and its production technology |
| CN107235753A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽赛澳生物工程有限公司 | A kind of biodegrading process of crop material |
| CN108077565A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 郑州神草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation for promoting fast growth of animal |
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| Title |
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| 张楠等: "复合菌种发酵剂发酵饲料工艺参数研究", 中国饲料添加剂, 31 December 2019 (2019-12-31), pages 39 * |
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