CN118120920A - 营养组合物在制备增殖肠道akk菌产品中的应用 - Google Patents
营养组合物在制备增殖肠道akk菌产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118120920A CN118120920A CN202211501689.7A CN202211501689A CN118120920A CN 118120920 A CN118120920 A CN 118120920A CN 202211501689 A CN202211501689 A CN 202211501689A CN 118120920 A CN118120920 A CN 118120920A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。本发明发现钙+维生素D+聚葡萄糖+低聚半乳糖存在一定的成分和剂量上的协同作用改善肠道菌群的构成,特别是促进嗜粘蛋白‑阿克曼氏菌(Akkermansia muciniphila)增殖。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及营养补充剂技术领域,尤其是涉及营养组合物在制备增殖肠道AKK菌的产品中的应用。
背景技术
Akk菌(Akkermansia muciniphila),一种肠道共生菌,是目前最受关注,具有巨大发展潜力的下一代益生菌,多项科学证据显示其在炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、糖尿病、自闭症及非酒精性脂肪肝病等方面具有显著的防治效果。
Akk菌是一种黏蛋白降解细菌。黏蛋白是肠上皮黏液层的重要组成部分,其核心由含有丝氨酸、苏氨酸和半胱氨酸的序列组成,称为富含PTS的序列。黏蛋白在肠组织表面形成透明的粘液层,是大量肠道微生物栖息的主要部位。研究发现A.muciniphila可增加杯状细胞数量和刺激黏蛋白的生成,增加occludin and ZO-1的表达,提示增加粘液层和改善肠道屏障功能,也可以通过改善肠道屏障来减轻机体的炎症反应,进而可促进骨折愈合。在最近的人群研究中,发现骨健康的人群中的A.muciniphila的含量高于骨质疏松的人群。
作为下一代益生菌中的新星,Akk菌的发展历程很短,2004年才被发现,2011年完成全基因组测序,后续的研究多数为其功效的研究。关于膳食因素对其影响的研究还不是很多,一项关于膳食因素与Akkermansia muciniphila的系统综述显示,限制能量膳食和补充石榴提取物、白藜芦醇、聚葡萄糖、酵母发酵物、丁酸钠和菊粉增加了黏液嗜菌A.muciniphila的丰度,而低FODMAPs则降低了黏液嗜菌A.muciniphila的丰度。
AKK菌是益生菌中的明星菌株,研究表明,AKK菌可改善肥胖、糖尿病等代谢紊乱疾病、神经退行性疾病和肠道炎症等。
因此,如何提高AKK菌增殖的效果,如何提高粪便和盲肠内容物中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌(Akk.muciniphila)的丰度是非常值得研究的。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用。
本发明提供了一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
优选的,所述钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的质量比为(12万~66万):(1~7):(266万~2240万):(67万~560万)。
优选的,所述聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的重量比为(3~10):1。
优选的,所述钙源包括碳酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、柠檬酸钙、乳酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、L-苏氨酸钙、甘氨酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、醋酸钙、氯化钙、磷酸三钙、维生素E琥珀酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、氧化钙、硫酸钙、磷酸二氢钙、乳矿物盐、酪蛋白钙、苹果酸钙和抗坏血酸钙中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述改善肠道菌群的构成包括改善粪便中菌群的构成。
优选的,所述改善粪便中菌群的构成包括提高粪便中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌的丰度。
优选的,所述改善肠道菌群的构成包括改善盲肠内容物中菌群的构成。
优选的,所述改善盲肠内容物中菌群的构成包括提高盲肠内容物中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌的丰度。
优选的,所述改善肠道菌群构成的产品包括食品。
优选的,所述食品包括乳制品、休闲食品、饮品或宠物食品。
优选的,所述乳制品调制乳、调制乳粉、发酵乳、奶片、奶酪或奶类零食中的一种或几种。
本发明提供了一种改善肠道菌群构成的食品,包括营养组合物;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。本发明发现钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS存在一定的成分和剂量上的协同作用改善肠道菌群的构成,特别是促进Akkermansia muciniphila增殖。
附图说明
图1为大鼠粪便的肠道菌群在属水平的前10的菌群分布的物种相对丰度柱形图;
图2为28天粪便的属水平上的三元相图;
图3为钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)暴露后大鼠肠道菌群在属水平上的的T_test物种差异分析图;
图4各组大鼠粪便差异菌群LDA分值柱状图(LDA阈值为4);
图5为高比益生元联用对大鼠粪便肠道菌群的影响;
图6为盲肠内容物菌群在属水平的前10的菌群分布的物种相对丰度柱形图;
图7为盲肠菌群属水平上的三元相图;
图8为高比益生元联用对大鼠盲肠差异变化菌群LDA分值柱状图(LDA阈值为4)。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都属于本发明保护的范围。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明提供了一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
本发明所述钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的质量比优选为(12万~66万):(1~7):(266万~2240万):(67万~560万);更优选为(20万~25万):(4~6):(300万~500万):(75万~125万);
在本发明其中一部分优选实施方式中,所述组合物在促进Akkermansiamuciniphila增殖的应用剂量为:
钙源400mg~500mg/d,维生素D8μg~12μg/d,聚葡萄糖6g~10g/d,低聚半乳糖1.5g~2.5g/d。
按照本发明,所述聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的重量比为(3~10):1。
在本发明其中一部分优选实施方式中,所述聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的重量比为(3~9):1;更优选为(3~8):1;最优选为(4~8):1;具体可以为3:1、4:1、5:1、6:1、7:1、8:1;或者上述任意二者之间的点值。
本发明聚葡萄糖符合GB 25541的要求;低聚半乳糖符合卫生部2008年第20号的要求。
本发明所述钙源包括碳酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、柠檬酸钙、乳酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、L-苏氨酸钙、甘氨酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、醋酸钙、氯化钙、磷酸三钙、维生素E琥珀酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、氧化钙、硫酸钙、磷酸二氢钙、乳矿物盐、酪蛋白钙、苹果酸钙和抗坏血酸钙中的一种或几种。本发明对于上述来源不进行限定,市售即可。
本发明人发现,本发明提供的营养组合物具有改善肠道菌群的作用。
本发明上述组分和比例是功能上彼此互相支持,存在相互作用关系的技术特征;只要满足上述特定的组分和比例,均能实现本发明的应用。
本发明所述改善肠道菌群的构成包括改善粪便和盲肠内容物中菌群的构成。
在本发明一些优选实施方式中,所述改变肠道菌群的构成包括提高粪便和盲肠内容物中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌的丰度。
本发明提供了一种营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。本发明发现钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS存在一定的成分和剂量上的协同作用改善肠道菌群的构成,特别是促进阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)增殖。
本发明所述改善吸收能力的产品包括食品;所述食品包括乳制品、休闲食品、饮品或宠物食品。
本发明食品为本领域技术人员熟知的食品,包括但不限于蔬菜制品、食用菌制品、豆类制品、饮料制品等。
本发明所述乳制品包括液体乳(巴氏杀菌乳、灭菌乳、调制乳、发酵乳);乳粉(全脂乳粉、脱脂乳粉、部分脱脂乳粉、调制乳粉、牛初乳粉);其他乳制品。具体可以为:第一类是液体乳类。主要包括杀菌奶、灭菌奶、酸奶等。第二类是乳粉类。包括全脂乳粉、脱脂乳粉、全脂加糖乳粉、调味乳粉、婴幼儿乳粉和其他配方乳粉。第三类是炼乳类。第四类是乳脂肪类。包括打蛋糕用的稀奶油、常见的配面包吃的奶油等。第五类是干酪类及再制干酪类。第六类是乳冰淇淋类。第七类是其他乳制品类。主要包括干酪素、乳糖、奶片等。
本发明所述乳制品优选包括调制乳、调制乳粉、发酵乳、奶片、奶酪或奶类零食中的一种或几种。
本发明提供了一种改善肠道菌群构成的食品,包括营养组合物;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
本发明上述食品包括上述组合物和食品领域熟知的配料。本发明对于上述组合物已经有了清楚的描述,再此不再赘述。
本发明提供了营养组合物用于调节嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌(Akk.muciniphila)增殖的健康效果,以及该组合物在食品中的应用。具体地,本发明提供了组合物在制备用于调节嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌(Akk.muciniphila)食品中的应用,其健康效果通过粪便16s rRNA测序及分析得到验证,取得了意料之外的效果。
具体为:1)粪便肠道菌群结果显示,与钙+维生素D组相比,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)和钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)的相对丰度均增加,但钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度优于钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1),在种水平上,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)显著提升了Akk.muciniphila的丰度;2)盲肠内容物肠道菌群结果显示,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)和钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)的相对丰度均显著增加,在种水平上,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)显著提升了Akk.muciniphila的丰度。
无论是粪便还是盲肠内容物,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度明显增加,在种水平上,Akk.muciniphila的丰度显著增加。
本发明通过模拟钙不同摄入量水平的生长期大鼠模型,提供了5个不同对比例,低钙组、高钙组、钙+维生素D组、钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)、钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1);低钙组钙剂量仅占推荐量1/3的成长期动物模型,高钙组钙剂量补充到了成长期动物的推荐理想剂量;钙+维生素D组补充后钙剂量为高钙组的3/4,维生素D剂量为低钙组和高钙组的1.5倍;钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合(PDX:GOS=1:1),补充后钙剂量为高钙组的3/4,维生素D剂量为低钙组和高钙组的1.5倍;钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合(PDX:GOS=4:1)补充后钙剂量为高钙组的3/4,维生素D剂量为低钙组和高钙组的1.5倍。
本发明发现,与钙+维生素D组相比,无论是粪便还是盲肠内容物,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度明显增加,在种水平上,Akk.muciniphila的丰度显著增加。
通过以上组别的对比,本发明发现钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合物(PDX:GOS=4:1)在促进Akk.muciniphila增殖方面的显著影响,取得了意料之外的技术效果。
为了进一步说明本发明,以下结合实施例对本发明提供的营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群的构成的产品中的应用进行详细描述。
实施例1动物试验
1.1试验动物与分组:
SPF级断乳SD大鼠60只,雄性,体重45g~65g,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,动物合格证号SCXK(京)2016-0006。动物饲养于四川大学华西公共卫生学院屏障级动物房,合格证号SYXK(川)2018-011。饲养中保证动物自由饮水和充分进食,饮水为灭菌纯水。大鼠饲养在底部为无锈钢铁丝的笼具中,动物房内保持安静、清洁、通风和适宜光照状态,20-26℃,湿度40%~70%,明暗交替周期为12h。
大鼠由AIN-93G标准饲料(南通特诺菲饲料科技有限公司,生产许可证号:苏饲证((2019)06092)适应性喂养2周。将大鼠按体重随机分成5组,每组12只。钙、维生素D3、低聚半乳糖(GOS)、聚葡萄糖(PDX)的给予均采用拌饲的方式,各组饲料配方见表1-2。所有拌饲处理均在动物适应性喂养后连续进行93天,于实验第93天处死动物并进行各指标检测。
表1实验分组
表2各实验组的饲料配方
1.2实验方法
收集灌胃后28天的各组大鼠粪便。实验第93天处死动物最后一次灌胃后,大鼠禁食16h,水自由饮用,大鼠取血处死后,迅速分离盲肠,盲肠置于-80冰箱冻存,后无菌手术刀剖开后在超净工作台,用一次性药勺刮取取盲肠内容物分存于冻存管中,置于-80冰箱冻存。
对粪便和盲肠内容物进行16s rRNA基因测序,并对测序数据进行OTU、样本复杂度、多样本比较等分析。
1.3实验结果
(1)粪便肠道菌群的结构和组成的影响
1)肠道菌群落结构分析
由物种相对丰度柱形图和三元相图可知,在属水平上,与低钙组相比,钙+维生素D组的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)丰度有增加,但没有明显变化,提示增加钙和维生素D对阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)无显著影响。
与钙+维生素D组相比,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)和钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)的相对丰度均增加,但钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度优于钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)。
结果如图1和图2所示,其中图1为大鼠粪便的肠道菌群在属水平的前10的菌群分布的物种相对丰度柱形图;图2为28天粪便的属水平上的三元相图。
2)T_test物种差异分析
由T_test物种差异分析图可知,在属水平上,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)Akkermansia的相对丰度增加。
与钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)和钙+维生素D不同,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)的Akkermansia显著高于钙+维生素D。进一步在种水平上,发现钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌(Akkermansiamuciniphila)的丰度显著增加(P<0.05)。
图3钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)暴露后大鼠肠道菌群在属水平上的的T_test物种差异分析图;
3)LDA分值柱状图
从LDA score图中可知,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)中显著差异物种包括在疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)的Akkermansia属和Akk.muciniphila。图4各组大鼠粪便差异菌群LDA分值柱状图(LDA阈值为4);图5高比益生元联用对大鼠粪便肠道菌群的影响
(2)营养组合物对盲肠菌群的结构和组成的影响
1)组间肠道菌群落结构分析
由物种相对丰度柱形图和三元相图可知,盲肠内容物的肠道菌群在属水平上,与低钙组相比,钙+维生素D组的阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度有增加,但没有显著变化,提示钙+维生素D对阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)无显著影响。
与钙+维生素D组相比,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=1:1)和钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)阿克曼氏菌属(Akkermansia)的相对丰度均显著增加。
图6盲肠内容物菌群在属水平的前10的菌群分布的物种相对丰度柱形图;图7盲肠菌群属水平上的三元相图
2)LDA score图
从LDA score图中可知,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)中艾克曼菌属的Akkermansia muciniphila为显著差异物种,这与上述T_test物种差异分析结果、28天粪便的LefSe分析结果一致。即Akk.muciniphila为钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)干预的优势菌。图8高比益生元联用对大鼠盲肠差异变化菌群LDA分值柱状图(LDA阈值为4)。
综上,无论是粪便还是盲肠内容物,与钙+维生素D相比,钙+维生素D+PDX+GOS组合组(PDX:GOS=4:1)中Akk.muciniphila的相对丰度明显增加。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.营养组合物在制备改善肠道菌群构成的产品中的应用;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的质量比为(12万~66万):(1~7):(266万~2240万):(67万~560万)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖的重量比为(3~10):1。
4.根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述钙源包括碳酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、柠檬酸钙、乳酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、L-苏氨酸钙、甘氨酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、醋酸钙、氯化钙、磷酸三钙、维生素E琥珀酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、氧化钙、硫酸钙、磷酸二氢钙、乳矿物盐、酪蛋白钙、苹果酸钙和抗坏血酸钙中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善肠道菌群的构成包括改善粪便中菌群的构成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善粪便中菌群的构成包括提高粪便中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌的丰度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善肠道菌群的构成包括改善盲肠内容物中菌群的构成;所述改善盲肠内容物中菌群的构成包括提高盲肠内容物中嗜粘蛋白-阿克曼氏菌的丰度。
8.根据权利要求1~7任意一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善肠道菌群构成的产品包括食品;所述食品包括乳制品、休闲食品、饮品或宠物食品。
9.根据权利要求8任意一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述乳制品调制乳、调制乳粉、发酵乳、奶片、奶酪或奶类零食中的一种或几种。
10.一种改善肠道菌群构成的食品,其特征在于,包括营养组合物;所述营养组合物包括:钙源、维生素D、聚葡萄糖和低聚半乳糖。
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