CN118084464A - 一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料 - Google Patents
一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,属于耐火材料技术领域,所述硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:2‑5%TiO2粉末、5‑10%氧化铬微粒、3‑7%92硅灰、4‑8%C11水泥、5‑10%硅溶胶、3‑5%镁砂、3‑5%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;所述复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,所述棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1,本发明的硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料具有良好的耐磨性,使用寿命长,耐腐蚀性能、抗热震性能、耐高温性能均比较好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,具体是涉及一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
背景技术
回转窑是一种大型的热处理设备,主要用于工业生产中的物质加热和处理。由于回转窑在工作时需要在极高的温度下运行,所以必须使用特殊的耐火材料来构建窑体,以保证其在高温环境中的稳定性和耐用性。
耐火材料是指能承受高温而不会熔化、软化或烧穿的特殊材料。它们通常由天然或人造的无机非金属材料制成,如粘土、石英、石墨、氧化铝、氧化硅等。这些材料具有高的熔点、良好的化学稳定性和较低的热传导性,可以在高温环境下保护设备和构件不受热量和化学反应的影响
尽管耐火材料在回转窑中的应用非常重要,但由于其工作环境的特殊性,耐火材料在使用过程中仍会受到高温、化学腐蚀和机械磨损等因素的影响,从而导致其性能下降和寿命缩短,传统危废回转窑用不定形耐火材料组分中常用的水硬性结合剂主要有铝酸钙水泥,水泥含有的CaO在高温作用下生成了钙长石、钙铝黄长石等物质,显著降低了耐火度和材料抗侵蚀性,尤其物料含氟时,反应侵蚀较快。因此需要一种许多优良性能的耐火材料,既具有较好的中高温强度,良好的抗渣侵蚀性和抗热震性,还能快速干燥和烘烤,为正常生产节约时间,节能环保。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
本发明的技术方案是:一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,所述硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:2-5%TiO2粉末、5-10%氧化铬微粒、3-7%92硅灰、4-8%C11水泥、5-10%硅溶胶、3-5%镁砂、3-5%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;
所述复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,所述棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1;
所述棕刚玉粗粒的粒度为1-2mm、白刚玉微粉的粒度为80-100μm。
进一步地,所述复合纤维由硅酸铝纤维和氧化铝纤维按质量比1:1混合制成,其中硅酸铝纤维长度为1-2mm,氧化铝纤维长度为5-10mm。
说明:通过复合纤维,长纤维和短纤维的配合,提高硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料的抗热震性能。
进一步地,所述一种危废回转窑用所述硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合湿料:
按上述配比取TiO2粉末、氧化铬微粒、硅灰、C11水泥、镁砂、复合刚玉粉、复合纤维放入混料机中干混2-3min,然后加入硅溶胶,继续湿混5-10min后,得到混合湿料;
S2、浇注:
将所述混合湿料导入模具中进行浇注,浇注过程中伴随振动,浇注完成后在25-30℃的环境温度下养护24-36h后,进行脱模,脱模完成后得到型材毛坯料;
S3、烘干:
将所述型材毛坯料放入烘干箱内烘干,所述烘干箱内烘干温度为100-110℃,烘干时长为24-36h,烘干完成后得到烘干坯料;
S4、热处理:
将所述烘干坯料放入电炉中在空气气氛下进行热处理,所述热处理温度为1100-1400℃,保温2-3h,保温完成后水冷至室温后得到成品硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
说明:上述方法制备的硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料抗热震性好,且具有高密度,耐高温性能好,耐腐蚀性能强。
进一步地,所述干混温度为25-30℃,干混时混料机的转速为60-80r/min,所述湿混温度为60-80℃,湿混时混料机的转速为80-100r/min。
说明:干混时混料速度慢,以降低粉尘进入环境中,湿混速度高,以提高混料效率。
进一步地,所述浇注时长为3-5min,所述振动频率为1000-2000次/min。
说明:通过上述振动频率能够有效降低浇注料内的气泡。
进一步地,所述型材毛坯料的规格为40mm×40mm×160mm。
说明:上述型材的规格满足回转窑的使用要求,同时型材的抗震性好,且便于安装。
进一步地,所述硅溶胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将硅酸钠和硅酸乙酯按质量比2:1干混5-6min,干混结束后得到混合物,然后将混合物放入搅拌装置内加水搅拌10-20min,所述混合物与水的质量比为1:5,得到混合液;
S2-2、加入盐酸调节混合液pH至3-6,在80-90℃下进行水解反应,水解时长为12-24h,水解完成后,得到水解溶液;
S2-3、对水解溶液中加入催化剂和改性剂进行缩合反应,缩合反应完成后得到硅溶胶。
说明:通告改性剂提高硅溶胶的热稳定性,上述方法所制备的硅溶胶含水量满足湿混的要求。
进一步地,所述步骤S2-3中催化剂采用醋酸铵作为催化剂,催化剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1-3%。
说明:通过醋酸铵作为催化剂以提高水解效率。
进一步地,所述步骤S2-3中改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成,所述改性剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1-2%。
说明:通过改性剂提高硅溶胶的耐高温性能和热稳定性。
进一步地,所述步骤S2-3中缩合反应的温度为20-25℃,缩合反应的压力为100-110Pa,缩合反应的时长为12-18h。
说明:通过上述反应条件提高缩合反应的效率。
本发明的有益效果是:
相比现有的回转窑用耐火材料,本发明所制备的硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料不需要经过高温烧结,制备工艺相对简单,节约能源,不需要消耗大量的燃料,降低了生产成本,微观结构更加均匀,性能更加稳定,硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料具有良好的耐磨性,使用寿命长,耐腐蚀性能、抗热震性能、耐高温性能均比较好。
附图说明
图1是本发明所制备硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料中氧化铬含量为5%、7%、10%的样品对比图。
图2是热处理温度和材料体积密度的关系图。
图3是热处理温度与抗折强度关系图。
图4是热处理温度与抗压强度关系图。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:2%TiO2粉末、5%氧化铬微粒、3%92硅灰、4%C11水泥、5%硅溶胶、3%镁砂、3%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;
复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1;
棕刚玉粗粒的粒度为1mm、白刚玉微粉的粒度为80μm。
复合纤维由硅酸铝纤维和氧化铝纤维按质量比1:1混合制成,其中硅酸铝纤维长度为1mm,氧化铝纤维长度为5mm。
实施例2:
一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:3%TiO2粉末、7%氧化铬微粒、5%92硅灰、5%C11水泥、6%硅溶胶、4%镁砂、4%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;
复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1;
棕刚玉粗粒的粒度为1-2mm、白刚玉微粉的粒度为90μm。
复合纤维由硅酸铝纤维和氧化铝纤维按质量比1:1混合制成,其中硅酸铝纤维长度为1.5mm,氧化铝纤维长度为7mm。
实施例3:
一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:5%TiO2粉末、10%氧化铬微粒、7%92硅灰、8%C11水泥、10%硅溶胶、5%镁砂、5%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;
复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1;
棕刚玉粗粒的粒度为2mm、白刚玉微粉的粒度为100μm。
复合纤维由硅酸铝纤维和氧化铝纤维按质量比1:1混合制成,其中硅酸铝纤维长度为2mm,氧化铝纤维长度为10mm。
对比实施例1-实施例3,实施例3的原料配比下所制备的危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料在实际应用中效果最好,因此实施例3为最佳实施例。
实施例4:
在实施例3的基础上,实施例4提供了上述一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合湿料:
按上述配比取TiO2粉末、氧化铬微粒、硅灰、C11水泥、镁砂、复合刚玉粉、复合纤维放入混料机中干混2min,然后加入硅溶胶,继续湿混5min后,得到混合湿料;
干混温度为25℃,干混时混料机的转速为60r/min,湿混温度为60℃,湿混时混料机的转速为80r/min;
S2、浇注:
将混合湿料导入模具中进行浇注,浇注过程中伴随振动,浇注时长为3min,振动频率为1000次/min,浇注完成后在25℃的环境温度下养护24h后,进行脱模,脱模完成后得到型材毛坯料;
型材毛坯料的规格为40mm×40mm×160mm;
S3、烘干:
将型材毛坯料放入烘干箱内烘干,烘干箱内烘干温度为100℃,烘干时长为24h,烘干完成后得到烘干坯料;
S4、热处理:
将烘干坯料放入电炉中在空气气氛下进行热处理,热处理温度为1100℃,保温2h,保温完成后水冷至室温后得到成品硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
实施例5:
在实施例3的基础上,实施例4提供了上述一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合湿料:
按上述配比取TiO2粉末、氧化铬微粒、硅灰、C11水泥、镁砂、复合刚玉粉、复合纤维放入混料机中干混2.5min,然后加入硅溶胶,继续湿混7min后,得到混合湿料;
干混温度为28℃,干混时混料机的转速为70r/min,湿混温度为70℃,湿混时混料机的转速为90r/min;
S2、浇注:
将混合湿料导入模具中进行浇注,浇注过程中伴随振动,浇注时长为4min,振动频率为1500次/min,浇注完成后在28℃的环境温度下养护30h后,进行脱模,脱模完成后得到型材毛坯料;
型材毛坯料的规格为40mm×40mm×160mm;
S3、烘干:
将型材毛坯料放入烘干箱内烘干,烘干箱内烘干温度为105℃,烘干时长为30h,烘干完成后得到烘干坯料;
S4、热处理:
将烘干坯料放入电炉中在空气气氛下进行热处理,热处理温度为1300℃,保温2.5h,保温完成后水冷至室温后得到成品硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
实施例6:
在实施例3的基础上,实施例4提供了上述一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合湿料:
按上述配比取TiO2粉末、氧化铬微粒、硅灰、C11水泥、镁砂、复合刚玉粉、复合纤维放入混料机中干混3min,然后加入硅溶胶,继续湿混10min后,得到混合湿料;
干混温度为30℃,干混时混料机的转速为80r/min,湿混温度为80℃,湿混时混料机的转速为100r/min;
S2、浇注:
将混合湿料导入模具中进行浇注,浇注过程中伴随振动,浇注时长为5min,振动频率为2000次/min,浇注完成后在30℃的环境温度下养护36h后,进行脱模,脱模完成后得到型材毛坯料;
型材毛坯料的规格为40mm×40mm×160mm;
S3、烘干:
将型材毛坯料放入烘干箱内烘干,烘干箱内烘干温度为110℃,烘干时长为36h,烘干完成后得到烘干坯料;
S4、热处理:
将烘干坯料放入电炉中在空气气氛下进行热处理,热处理温度为1400℃,保温3h,保温完成后水冷至室温后得到成品硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
对比实施例4-实施例6,实施例6所制备危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料在实际应用中效果最好,因此实施例6为最佳实施例。
实施例7:
在实施例6的基础上,实施例7提供了实施例6中硅溶胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将硅酸钠和硅酸乙酯按质量比2:1干混5min,干混结束后得到混合物,然后将混合物放入搅拌装置内加水搅拌10min,混合物与水的质量比为1:5,得到混合液;
S2-2、加入盐酸调节混合液pH至3,在80℃下进行水解反应,水解时长为12h,水解完成后,得到水解溶液;
S2-3、对水解溶液中加入催化剂和改性剂进行缩合反应,缩合反应的温度为20℃,缩合反应的压力为100Pa,缩合反应的时长为12h,缩合反应完成后得到硅溶胶;
催化剂采用醋酸铵作为催化剂,催化剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1%;
改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成,改性剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1%。
实施例8:
在实施例6的基础上,实施例7提供了实施例6中硅溶胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将硅酸钠和硅酸乙酯按质量比2:1干混5.5min,干混结束后得到混合物,然后将混合物放入搅拌装置内加水搅拌15min,混合物与水的质量比为1:5,得到混合液;
S2-2、加入盐酸调节混合液pH至4,在85℃下进行水解反应,水解时长为20h,水解完成后,得到水解溶液;
S2-3、对水解溶液中加入催化剂和改性剂进行缩合反应,缩合反应的温度为23℃,缩合反应的压力为105Pa,缩合反应的时长为15h,缩合反应完成后得到硅溶胶;
催化剂采用醋酸铵作为催化剂,催化剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的2%;
改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成,改性剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1.5%。
实施例9:
在实施例6的基础上,实施例7提供了实施例6中硅溶胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将硅酸钠和硅酸乙酯按质量比2:1干混6min,干混结束后得到混合物,然后将混合物放入搅拌装置内加水搅拌20min,混合物与水的质量比为1:5,得到混合液;
S2-2、加入盐酸调节混合液pH至6,在90℃下进行水解反应,水解时长为24h,水解完成后,得到水解溶液;
S2-3、对水解溶液中加入催化剂和改性剂进行缩合反应,缩合反应的温度为25℃,缩合反应的压力为110Pa,缩合反应的时长为18h,缩合反应完成后得到硅溶胶;
催化剂采用醋酸铵作为催化剂,催化剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的3%;
改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成,改性剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的2%。
如表1所示,为实施例7-实施例9所制备溶胶结合铬刚玉抗侵蚀免烧材料性能对比。
表1溶胶结合铬刚玉抗侵蚀免烧材料性能对比
对比实施例7-实施例9,实施例9的所制备的硅溶胶用于制备危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料时,所制备的危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料在实际应用中效果最好,因此实施例9为最佳实施例。
如图1所示,为硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料中氧化铬含量为5%、7%、10%的样品对比图。
如图2所示,为热处理温度和材料体积密度的关系图。
如图3所示,为热处理温度与抗折强度关系图。
如图4所示,为热处理温度与抗压强度关系图。
Claims (10)
1.一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料由以下质量百分比的成分组成:2-5%TiO2粉末、5-10%氧化铬微粒、3-7%92硅灰、4-8%C11水泥、5-10%硅溶胶、3-5%镁砂、3-5%复合纤维,余量为复合刚玉粉;
所述复合刚玉粉由棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉组成,所述棕刚玉粗粒、白刚玉微粉的质量比为:2:1;
所述棕刚玉粗粒的粒度为1-2mm、白刚玉微粉的粒度为80-100μm。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述复合纤维由硅酸铝纤维和氧化铝纤维按质量比1:1混合制成,其中硅酸铝纤维长度为1-2mm,氧化铝纤维长度为5-10mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、制备混合湿料:
按上述配比取TiO2粉末、氧化铬微粒、硅灰、C11水泥、镁砂、复合刚玉粉、复合纤维放入混料机中干混2-3min,然后加入硅溶胶,继续湿混5-10min后,得到混合湿料;
S2、浇注:
将所述混合湿料导入模具中进行浇注,浇注过程中伴随振动,浇注完成后在25-30℃的环境温度下养护24-36h后,进行脱模,脱模完成后得到型材毛坯料;
S3、烘干:
将所述型材毛坯料放入烘干箱内烘干,所述烘干箱内烘干温度为100-110℃,烘干时长为24-36h,烘干完成后得到烘干坯料;
S4、热处理:
将所述烘干坯料放入电炉中在空气气氛下进行热处理,所述热处理温度为1100-1400℃,保温2-3h,保温完成后水冷至室温后得到成品硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述干混温度为25-30℃,干混时混料机的转速为60-80r/min,所述湿混温度为60-80℃,湿混时混料机的转速为80-100r/min。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述浇注时长为3-5min,所述振动频率为1000-2000次/min。
6.如权利要求3所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述型材毛坯料的规格为40mm×40mm×160mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述硅溶胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将硅酸钠和硅酸乙酯按质量比2:1干混5-6min,干混结束后得到混合物,然后将混合物放入搅拌装置内加水搅拌10-20min,所述混合物与水的质量比为1:5,得到混合液;
S2-2、加入盐酸调节混合液pH至3-6,在80-90℃下进行水解反应,水解时长为12-24h,水解完成后,得到水解溶液;
S2-3、对水解溶液中加入催化剂和改性剂进行缩合反应,缩合反应完成后得到硅溶胶。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述步骤S2-3中催化剂采用醋酸铵作为催化剂,催化剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1-3%。
9.如权利要求7所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述步骤S2-3中改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成,所述改性剂的加入量为水解溶液总质量的1-2%。
10.如权利要求7所述的一种危废回转窑用硅溶胶结合铬刚玉免烧材料,其特征在于,所述步骤S2-3中改性剂由聚砜粉末和聚酰亚胺粉末按质量比1:1混合配制而成。
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