CN118021727A - 一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、制备方法及其制剂 - Google Patents
一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、制备方法及其制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、制备方法及其制剂。本发明所述的甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括:5重量份的甲磺酸仑伐替尼、7‑10重量份的二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、1~4重量份的胆固醇、0.5~1.5重量份的桔酸丙酯、0.1~0.5重量份的N‑乙酰基‑D‑氨基葡萄糖。在脂质体的制备过程中加入N‑乙酰基‑D‑氨基葡萄糖,解决了甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包封率低的问题,利用本发明甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体制备的制剂,通过稳定性试验考察发现其稳定性高,溶出也不受影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、制备方法及其制剂。
背景技术
甲磺酸仑伐替尼(Lenvatinib),又名仑伐替尼,化学名为4-[3-氯-4-(环丙基氨基羰基)氨基苯氧基]-7-甲氧基-6-喹啉甲酰胺。结构式如下:
甲磺酸仑伐替尼甲磺酸盐是一种口服酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,其靶向VEGFR1-3、成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)1-4、转染重排受体(RET)、KIT、以及血小板源性生长因子受体(PDGFR)。其胶囊制剂于2015年2月获得美国FDA批准,用于局部复发性或转移性、进行性、放射性、碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌患者的治疗。于2018年9月4日在中国获批,适应症为既往未接受过全身系统治疗的不可切除的肝细胞癌。
现有技术中关于乐伐替尼、仑伐替尼或者甲磺酸仑伐替尼的制剂报道也较多,其中:
CN201080030508.6公开了一种仑伐替尼胶囊剂,包含碳酸镁或碳酸钙,使用湿法制粒制备颗粒,控制水分2%以下,使用羟丙甲纤维素进行胶囊的制备,所得组合物的稳定性得到改善。
CN201510618600.9提供一种仑伐替尼的药物组合物。通过无水磷酸氢钙的粒径为200~600目或者D90约为20~75μm。所述药物组合物具有良好的稳定性,溶出度在15min内达到90%以上,有效提高生物利用度。
CN201810056583.8提供了一种含有仑伐替尼的药物组合物,所述组合物包含崩解剂、仑伐替尼和维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯。
通过以上可以发现,在甲磺酸仑伐替尼稳定性和溶出问题上,加入碱性保护剂,如氧化镁、氧化钙、碳酸钠、或碳酸氢钠等碱金属以及一些醇胺等有机胺溶剂;以解决稳定性问题,但是溶出得不到很好解决。
因此,现有技术中甲磺酸仑伐替尼制剂存在溶出效果不理想、稳定性差、制备工艺复杂、不适合于工业化生产等缺陷。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种包封率高的甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,通过在其中加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,显著提高了甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体的包封率,同时提高了甲磺酸仑伐替尼的稳定性和溶出度。
具体而言,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括甲磺酸仑伐替尼、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、桔酸丙酯、胆固醇、N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
在本发明的多个实施例中,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括:5重量份的甲磺酸仑伐替尼、7-10重量份的二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、1~4重量份的胆固醇、0.5~1.5重量份的桔酸丙酯、0.1~0.5重量份的N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
在其中一个优选的实施例中,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括:5重量份的甲磺酸仑伐替尼、9重量份的二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、2.5重量份的胆固醇、1.0重量份的桔酸丙酯、0.3重量份的N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种制备上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体的方法,包括以下步骤:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂,于40-60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于40-60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为8.5-10的缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于45℃~65℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
在其中一个优选的实施例中,所述有机溶剂为体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷。以体积重量比计算,所述的有机溶剂用量与甲磺酸仑伐替尼比为10-30:1。
在多个实施例中,所述缓冲溶液选自碱性磷酸酶稳定缓冲液、二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液、三甲胺缓冲液中的任意一种。
在其中一个优选的实施例中,所述缓冲溶液为二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液。
在其中一个优选的实施例中,所述缓冲溶液的pH为9.0。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种制剂,所述制剂由上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体和药学上可接受的辅料组成。
在多个实施例中,所述制剂包括但不限于片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒、微丸、混悬剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明通过在甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,提高了甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体溶出度,工艺简单,不需要微粉化处理和添加碱性物质。加速试验证明,本发明得到的产品依旧能够具有较好的溶出行为和稳定性,明显优于现有技术制备的制剂。
附图说明
图1:在第0个月和第6个月甲磺酸仑伐替尼最大单杂含量(%)。
图2:在第0个月和第6个月甲磺酸仑伐替尼总杂含量(%)。
图3:以0.1N(当量浓度)盐酸溶液为溶出介质,甲磺酸仑伐替尼在第0个月和第6个月15min内的溶出度(%)。
图4:以pH为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液为溶出介质,甲磺酸仑伐替尼在第0个月和第6个月15min内的溶出度(%)。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明,但是本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例,实施例仅用于解释本发明。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,凡是不背离本发明构思的改变或等同替代均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
一、甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备
实施例1:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷),于50℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于50℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为9.0的二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于55℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
实施例2:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷),于40℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于40℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为8.5的二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于45℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
实施例3:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷),于60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为10的缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于65℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
实施例4:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷),于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为9.0的三甲胺缓冲液缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于55℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
对比例1:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺以及制剂制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例2:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺以及制剂制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例3:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺以及制剂制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例4:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺以及制剂制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例5:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺以及制剂制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例6:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:9的甲醇和三氯甲烷),于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为9.0的三甲胺缓冲液缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于55℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
对比例7:甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体及其制剂制备,具体如下:
脂质体制备工艺:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂(体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷),于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于30℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为9.0的氢氧化钠缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于55℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
制剂制备工艺:
将上述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体、甘露醇、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量用量比为1:1:0.5)混合均匀,加入适量3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液制粒,颗粒干燥后,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁(用量为总重量的1%)混合均匀,灌制胶囊。
二、甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包封率和含量的考察
仑伐替尼含量测定:照高效液相色谱法(附录ⅤD)测定
色谱条件与系统适用性试验用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,以甲醇-乙腈(75:25)为流动相,检测波长为332nm。理论板数按仑伐替尼峰计算不低于2500。
精密称取实施例1-4以及对比例1-6的适量脂质体(约相当于仑伐替尼20mg)置100ml量瓶中,加甲醇稀释至刻度,摇匀,滤过,精密量取续滤液5ml,置50ml量瓶中,用水稀释至刻度,摇匀,精密量取20μl注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图;另取仑伐替尼对照品约20mg,与供试品同法制备。
包封率:脂质体的包封率是指在制备脂质体的过程中,脂质体内所包封的药物或其他活性成分的量与添加到制备中的总量之间的比率。通常以百分比表示。包封率的高低直接影响着脂质体作为药物传递系统的有效性和稳定性。
稳定性考察加速条件:40±2℃,75%±5%RH加速时间:6个月
检测结果具体如下:
表1各实施例的包封率和含量
从上表可以看出,实施例1-4的包封率在75%以上通过加速实验也可以看出,前后包封率的变化不大,同时对甲磺酸仑伐替尼的含量检测发现,不同材料制备的脂质体(不在本发明范围内)出现降解现象,发明人认为可能时所使用的脂质体材料例如葡糖糖苷与活性物质发生了发应,或者微观环境的改变导致PH值的下降,刺激了活性物质的降解。
三、甲磺酸仑伐替尼胶囊的溶出度测定和稳定性考察:
溶出度测定:根据中国药典2020版溶出度测定第二法(桨法),对实施例1-4和比较例1-7的胶囊剂进行溶出度测定。分别使用900ml的0.1N(当量浓度)盐酸溶液作为溶出介质和pH为6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液为溶出介质,并在37±0.5℃下,以50rpm的转速进行溶出试验,15min取样测其溶出度。
有关物质:照高效液相色谱法(附录ⅤD)测定
取本品细粉适量(约相当于仑伐替尼20mg),置100ml量瓶中,加流动相(甲醇-乙腈(75:25))适量,超声处理使仑伐替尼溶解,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;精密量取1ml,置100ml量瓶中,用流动相稀释至刻度,摇匀,作为对照溶液。
对照品制备:取仑伐替尼对照品1mg,加流动相溶解至10ml,摇匀,以辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,以甲醇-乙腈(75:25)为流动相,检测波长为276nm。理论板数按仑伐替尼峰计算不低于2300。取对照溶液20μl注入液相色谱仪,调节检测灵敏度,使主成分色谱峰的峰高约为满量程的15%。再精密量取供试品溶液和对照液各20μl,分别注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图至主成分峰保留时间的3倍。
其中,本发明所述的药学上可接受的辅料可以是填充剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、粘合剂中的一种或多种,但不限于此,可以根据实际需要进行加减,在本发明的实施例中采用了甘露醇(填充剂)、低取代羟丙基纤维素(崩解剂)、润滑剂(硬脂酸镁)、粘合剂(3%的羟丙基纤维素的乙醇溶液)并限定了用量,对于其他类型的辅料种类也同样能达到类似的技术效果,可根据实际需要进行用量的斟酌。
Claims (9)
1.一种甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,其特征在于,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括甲磺酸仑伐替尼、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、桔酸丙酯、胆固醇、N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,其特征在于,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括:5重量份的甲磺酸仑伐替尼、7-10重量份的二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、1~4重量份的胆固醇、0.5~1.5重量份的桔酸丙酯、0.1~0.5重量份的N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
3.根据权利要求2所述的甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体,其特征在于,所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体包括:5重量份的甲磺酸仑伐替尼、9重量份的二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、2.5重量份的胆固醇、1.0重量份的桔酸丙酯、0.3重量份的N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖。
4.一种制备权利要求3所述的甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a.将甲磺酸仑伐替尼、桔酸丙酯、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰叔丁醇胺、胆固醇溶于有机溶剂,于40-60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,去除2/3有机溶剂,加入N-乙酰基-D-氨基葡萄糖,继续于40-60℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发,得到脂质体薄膜;
b.配制pH为8.5-10的缓冲溶液,加入步骤a制备的脂质体薄膜中水化,于45℃~65℃水浴中减压旋转蒸发浓缩,高压乳匀,微滤,干燥,即得甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为体积比为1:2:5的聚山梨酯80、叔丁醇和三氯甲烷。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述缓冲溶液选自碱性磷酸盐缓冲液、二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液、三甲胺缓冲液中的任意一种,优选的,所述的缓冲溶液选自二甲基乙酰胺缓冲液。
7.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述缓冲溶液的pH为9.0。
8.一种制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂由权利要求1所述甲磺酸仑伐替尼脂质体和药学上可接受的辅料组成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂包括但不限于片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒、微丸、混悬剂。
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