CN117946055A - 一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117946055A CN117946055A CN202410106765.7A CN202410106765A CN117946055A CN 117946055 A CN117946055 A CN 117946055A CN 202410106765 A CN202410106765 A CN 202410106765A CN 117946055 A CN117946055 A CN 117946055A
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- chromene
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- aryl
- compound
- aryl hydrazide
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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Abstract
本发明涉及农药技术领域,公开了一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物及其制备方法和应用,色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物的结构通式如式(I);制备方法为:以对羟基苯甲醛为原料通过取代反应、环化反应、氧化反应、酰化反应和肼解反应得到色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。将色烯芳基酰肼类化合物用于制备农用抑菌剂。本发明运用药物化学中的药效团拼合原理将芳基肼与色烯骨架相结合,设计、合成了一系列色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。抑菌活性测试结果表明该类化合物具有优异的抑菌活性,可作为活性成分用于制备植物病原真菌杀菌剂;
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
植物病原真菌引起的植物病害位居真菌病害、细菌病害和病毒病害之首,是造成农业损失的主要原因之一。目前对于真菌性病害多采用化学药剂进行防治,但在药物长期使用过程中病害抗药性、环境污染、农药残留及食品安全等问题也日益突出。因此,迫切需要研究与开发作用机制独特的新型绿色农药。
含有色烯骨架的天然产物广泛存在于食用及药用植物中,如肾茶、紫茎泽兰、大花藿香蓟、小尤第木等,药理活性研究表明含有此类骨架的化合物具有抗炎、抗癌、抗氧化、抗病毒、抑菌、杀虫等多种生物活性,是一类具有重要研究价值的天然产物。但目前以色烯骨架作为先导化合物,基于农用生物活性进行结构修饰方面的研究报道较少。
蒋仕春等公开了含二硫代氨基甲酸酯的新型4H-色烯-4-酮衍生物的抑菌活性,该类衍生物能够抑制水稻白叶枯、烟草青枯和柑橘溃疡三种细菌病害;但是该类衍生物无法抑制其它真菌病菌,因此,急需开发出一种能够抑制植物病原真菌病菌的色烯类衍生物。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物及其制备方法和应用,解决了现有技术制备的色烯类衍生物只能抑制水稻白叶枯、烟草青枯和柑橘溃疡三种细菌病害,无法抑制其它真菌病菌的问题。
一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物,所述色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物的结构通式如式(I)所示:
其中,R为芳基、取代芳基、杂芳基、取代杂芳基或C1~C6的烷基。
优选的,所述色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物包括如下化合物中的任意一种:
本发明的第二个目的在于保护所述的色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,以对羟基苯甲醛为原料通过取代反应、环化反应、氧化反应、酰化反应和肼解反应得到色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。
优选的,所述取代反应和环化反应为:
将对羟基苯甲醛溶于乙腈中,加入氯化铜,在冰浴下搅拌5~15min后,滴加1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯,然后加入3-氯-3-甲基-1-丁炔,于冰浴下搅拌9~11h;反应完成后加入水,提纯得取代反应产物;
将取代反应产物溶于N,N-二乙基苯胺中,氩气保护下于150~170℃反应3~5h;反应完成后加入盐酸,纯化得环化反应产物。
优选的,所述氧化反应为:将制得的环化反应产物和2-甲基-2-丁烯溶解后,加入磷酸二氢钠水溶液,于冰浴下搅拌并加入次氯酸钠水溶液,室温下搅拌1~3h,反应完全后,加水、萃取、干燥并浓缩,纯化得到氧化反应产物;其中,环化反应产物、2-甲基-2-丁烯、磷酸二氢钠、水、次氯酸钠按比例为:4.2mmol:11mL:34mmol:2mL:30mmol。
优选的,所述酰化和肼解反应为:
将制得的氧化反应产物溶于氯化亚砜中,氩气保护下于80~90℃下反应1~3h,反应完后除去反应液,在碱性条件下,搅拌加入取代苯肼,于室温下搅拌至反应完全,纯化得所述色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。
本发明的第三个目的在于保护所述的色烯芳基酰肼类化合物在制备农用抑菌剂中的应用。
优选的,所述农用抑菌剂用于防治植物病原真菌引起的植物病害。
优选的,所述植物病原真菌包括马铃薯干腐病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、油菜菌核病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、烟草赤星病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌、白菜黑斑病菌和番茄灰霉病菌。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明运用药物化学中的药效团拼合原理将其与色烯骨架相结合,设计、合成了一系列色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。抑菌活性测试结果表明该类化合物具有优异的抑菌活性,可作为活性成分用于制备植物病原真菌杀菌剂,杀菌剂用于防治马铃薯干腐病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、油菜菌核病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、烟草赤星病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌、白菜黑斑病菌和番茄灰霉病菌引起的植物病害。
(2)本发明所设计、合成的化合物均属于天然产物色烯骨架的衍生物,同时,部分化合物对植物病原真菌的抑制活性与现有常用的商品化杀菌剂百菌清、噁霉灵相比具有潜在的低毒、高效、广谱的特点。本发明可为基于色烯骨架的植物源抑菌剂的开发提供候选化合物。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6c的不同浓度对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制效果图;
图2为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6h的不同浓度对苹果腐烂病菌的抑制效果图;
图3为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6a的1HNMR图;
图4为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6a的13C NMR图;
图5为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6e的1H NMR图;
图6为本发明实施例1制备的化合物6e的13C NMR图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明具体实施,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明各实施例中所述方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
本发明以对羟基苯甲醛为原料通过取代、环化、氧化、酰化和肼解反应得到色烯芳基酰肼类化合物,其具体的合成路线如下:
其中,R为以下任一种:
实施例1:
制备4-(2-甲基-3-炔-2-羟基)苯甲醛,记为化合物2:
将2.0g,即16.4mmol对羟基苯甲醛溶于15mL乙腈中,加入4.0mg,即0.032mmol氯化铜,在冰浴下搅拌10分钟后,滴加17.6mmol 1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯,缩写为DBU,然后加入1.8g,即17.6mol 3-氯-3-甲基-1-丁炔,于冰浴下搅拌10h。TLC检测反应完成,往反应液中加入20mL水,并用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次30mL,合并有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥并浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析分离纯化,得到1.4g淡黄色油状物化合物2,即取代反应产物,产率45%,直接用于下一步。
制备2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲醛,记为化合物3:
将制得的化合物2取1.4g,即7.4mmol溶于3mLN,N-二乙基苯胺中,氩气保护下于160℃反应4h。TLC检测反应完全,加入8mL浓度为6moL/L的盐酸,用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次20mL,合并有机相再用20mL饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩后经分离纯化得1.05g黄色油状物化合物3,即环化反应产物,产率75%;其中,硅胶柱层析的洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=30:1,V:V。1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.82(s,1H,CHO),7.64(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.51(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),6.86(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.37(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.70(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.47(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ190.7,158.6,131.9,131.4,129.9,127.7,121.3,121.1,116.7,77.9,28.4.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C12H13O2[M+H]+m/z:189.0916,found 189.0923.
制备2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-羧酸,记为化合物4:
将制得的化合物3取800mg,即4.2mmol和2-甲基-2-丁烯11mL,即85.2mmol溶于7mL叔丁醇中,加入2mL磷酸二氢钠的水溶液,于冰浴下搅拌并加入次氯酸钠2.7g,即30mmol,自然升温后于室温下搅拌2h。其中,磷酸二氢钠的水溶液为:磷酸二氢钠4.06g,即34.0mmol溶于2mL水。TLC检测反应完全,在反应液中加入10mL水,并用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,每次20mL,合并有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥并浓缩,经硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到810mg白色固体化合物4,即氧化反应产物,产率93%;硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1,V:V。熔点:155-158℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.72(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.67(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.82(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.51(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.8,156.2,131.4,130.7,127.7,122.9,121.0,120.4,115.8,77.2,27.8.
制备色烯芳基酰肼类化合物6a-r:
将制得的化合物4取85mg,即0.42mmol溶于2mL氯化亚砜中,氩气保护下于80℃下反应2h,TLC检测反应完全,除去反应液得到化合物5,化合物5不经分离纯化直接用于下一步反应。将化合物5和氢氧化钠21mg,即0.57mmol溶于2mL二氯甲烷中,搅拌下加入取代苯肼0.378mmol,于室温下搅拌至反应完全,TLC检测,除掉反应液经硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到目标化合物6a-6r。
在一些实施方案中,具体的化合物结构如表1所示:
以上实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
表1中化合物理化性质及波谱数据:
化合物6a,即2,2-二甲基-N'-苯基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1,V:V,产率52%,白色固体,熔点:95-97℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(s,1H),7.58(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.49(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.23(t,2H,J=7.8Hz),6.90-6.88(m,3H),6.79(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.31(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.67(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.45(s,6H,2CH3);见图3。13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.4,156.5,148.1,131.5,129.2,128.1,125.8,124.5,121.6,121.3,121.1,116.4,113.7,77.3,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H19N2O2[M+H]+m/z:295.1447,found 295.1449.见图4。
化合物6b,即N'-(2-氟苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率45%,白色固体,熔点:116-118℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.71(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.66(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.12-7.08(m,1H),7.10(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.85-6.80(m,2H),6.76-6.75(m,1H),6.49(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.85(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.41(s,6H,2CH3);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.3,155.8,151.5,149.9,137.5,132.2,129.1,126.2,125.5,125.0,121.6,121.0,119.4,116.2,115.4,114.2,77.5,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H17N2O2FNa[M+Na]+m/z:335.1172,found 335.1171.
化合物6c,即N'-(3-氟苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率35%,白色固体,熔点:110-112℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.00(s,1H),7.59(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.49(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.16-7.12(m,1H),6.80(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.65(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.58-6.55(m,2H),6.43(s,1H),6.32(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.68(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.45(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.4,164.5,162.9,156.7,150.2,131.6,130.4,128.1,125.7,124.1,121.4,121.2,116.4,109.2,107.8,100.9,77.4,28.26.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC18H18N2O2F[M+H]+m/z:313.1352,found 313.1358.
化合物6d,即N'-(4-氟苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率43%,白色固体,熔点:176-178℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.24(s,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.74(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.69(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.03(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.86(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.82-6.80(m,2H),6.51(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.86(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.44(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.4,164.5,162.9,156.7,150.2,131.6,130.4,128.1,125.7,124.1,121.4,121.2,116.4,109.2,107.8,100.9,77.4,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H18N2O2F[M+H]+m/z:313.1352,found313.1357.
化合物6e,即N'-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率51%,白色固体,熔点:106-108℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),7.70-7.68(m,2H),7.66(s,1H),7.17-7.14(m,1H),6.89-6.86(m,1H),6.83-6.80(m,2H),6.48(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.86(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);见图5。13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.3,155.8,154.4,150.91,149.30,134.4,132.1,129.0,126.3,125.6,121.7,120.9,116.1,114.6,111.3,104.2,77.5,28.3.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H17N2O2F2[M+H]+m/z:331.1258,found 331.1263.见图6。
化合物6f,即N'-(五氟苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1,V:V,产率57%,白色固体,熔点:113-115℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.26(s,1H),8.16(s,1H),7.63(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.59(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),6.82(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.46(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13CNMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.4,155.9,138.7,137.0,132.1,129.0,126.3,125.1,121.6,120.9,116.2,77.5,28.3.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H14N2O2F5[M+H]+m/z:385.0975,found385.0974.
化合物6g,即N'-(2-二氯苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率61%,白色固体,熔点:178-179℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.72(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.67(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.32(dd,1H,J=7.8,1.8Hz),7.17-7.14(m,1H),6.85(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.83(dd,1H,J=7.8,1.8Hz),6.79-6.77(m,1H),6.49(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.85(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.41(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO)δ166.2,155.9,145.3,132.2,129.6,129.1,128.2,126.3,125.4,121.6,121.0,120.2,117.8,116.2,113.5,77.6,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC18H17N2O2ClNa[M+Na]+m/z:351.0876,found 351.0878.
化合物6h,即N'-(3-氯基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率67%,白色固体,熔点:201-203℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.71(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.65(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.19(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.85(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.75-6.72(m,3H),6.49(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),5.85(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),1.41(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.3,155.9,151.5,133.9,132.2,130.9,129.0,126.2,125.4,121.6,121.0,118.6,116.2,111.9,111.4,77.6,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C18H18N2O2Cl[M+H]+m/z:329.1057,found 329.1061.
化合物6i,即N'-(2,4-二氯基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1,V:V,产率47%,白色固体,熔点:155-157℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(s,1H,NH),7.59(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.48(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.28(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.08(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),6.87(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),6.79(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.55(d,1H,J=3.0Hz),6.30(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.68(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),1.46(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.2,156.8,142.9,131.6,129.1,128.1,127.6,125.8,125.5,123.8,121.4,121.1,120.1,116.4,114.4,77.4,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC18H17N2O2Cl2[M+H]+m/z:363.0667,found 363.0675.
化合物6j,即N'-(3-氟-2-氯苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1,V:V,产率41%,白色固体,熔点:98-100℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.37(s,1H,NH),7.90(s,1H),7.71(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.67(s,1H),7.17-7.13(m,1H),6.85(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.74(t,1H,J=9.0Hz),6.63(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.49(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.84(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),1.41(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.2,159.2,157.6,155.9,147.4,132.1,129.1,128.6,126.4,125.5,121.7,121.0,116.2,108.7,106.1,104.4,77.5,28.3.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC18H16N2O2ClFNa[M+Na]+m/z:369.0782,found 369.0783.
化合物6k,即N'-(4-甲基-3-氯苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1,V:V,产率75%,白色固体,熔点:207-208℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.21(d,1H,J=2.4Hz,NH),7.96(d,1H,J=1.8Hz,NH),7.70(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.66(s,1H),7.10(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.83(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.76(s,1H),6.67(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.48(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),2.19(s,3H,CH3),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.2,155.8,149.6,133.7,132.1,131.7,129.0,126.3,125.7,124.9,121.7,121.0,116.1,112.7,111.8,77.5,28.3,19.0.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C19H19N2O2NaCl[M+Na]+m/z:365.1033,found 365.1037.
化合物6l,即N'-(4-溴苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率73%,白色固体,熔点:116-118℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.70(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.2Hz),7.65(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.31(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),6.84(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.74(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),6.48(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),5.84(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.3,155.8,149.3,132.2,131.8,129.0,126.2,125.5,121.7,121.0,116.2,114.8,109.9,77.5,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC18H18N2O2Br[M+H]+m/z:373.0552,found 373.0553.
化合物6m,即N'-(4-氰基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率49%,白色固体,熔点:195-196℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(s,1H),7.60(dd,1H,J=8.4,1.8Hz),7.49(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.44(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),7.86(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.81(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.31(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.69(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),1.46(s,6H,2CH3);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.4,156.9,151.9,133.5,131.7,128.2,125.8,123.6,121.3,121.2,119.6,116.5,113.1,103.1,77.5,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C19H18N3O2[M+H]+m/z:320.1399,found 320.1396.
化合物6n,即2,2-二甲基-N'-(吡啶-3-基)-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1,V:V,产率39%,白色固体,熔点:164-166℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.05(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),7.71(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.66(s,1H),7.53-7.50(m,1H),6.83(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.70-6.69(m,1H),6.62(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.48(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.84(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.2,160.5,155.7,147.9,137.9,132.1,129.1,126.4,125.7,121.7,120.9,116.1,115.0,106.9,106.9,77.5,28.2.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C17H18N3O2[M+H]+m/z:296.1399,found296.1400.
化合物6o,即N'-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1,V:V,产率42%,白色固体,熔点:100-102℃;1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.17(d,1H,J=3.0Hz,NH),7.69(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.64(d,1H,J=1.2Hz),7.53(d,1H,J=3.0Hz,NH),6.82(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.77-6.73(m,4H),6.47(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),3.65(s,3H,℃H3),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.2,155.6,153.1,143.9,132.0,128.9,126.3,126.0,121.8,120.9,116.1,114.6,114.2,77.4,55.7,28.3.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C19H21N2O3[M+H]+m/z:325.1552,found325.1550.
化合物6p,即N'-(2-甲基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1,V:V,产率44%,白色固体,熔点:103-105℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.21(d,1H,J=1.8Hz,NH),7.72(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.67(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.20(s,1H),7.03-6.99(m,2H),6.84(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.69(m,2H),6.48(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),2.20(s,3H,CH3),1.41(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.1,155.7,147.4,132.1,130.4,128.9,126.8,126.3,125.9,122.3,121.7,120.9,119.1,116.1,111.5,77.5,28.3,17.7.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C19H21N2O2[M+H]+m/z:309.1603,found309.1602.
化合物6q,即N'-(3-甲基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1,V:V,产率46%,白色固体,熔点:122-124℃;1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.75(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.71(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.66(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),7.03(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.83(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.58-6.56(m,2H),6.53(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),6.48(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.83(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),2.20(s,3H,CH3),1.40(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.2,155.7,150.1,138.2,132.0,129.0,128.9,126.3,125.9,121.8,120.9,119.8,116.1,113.2,110.1,77.4,28.3,21.7.HRMS(ESI)calcd forC19H21N2O2[M+H]+m/z:309.1603,found 309.1610.
化合物6r,即N'-(4-甲基苯基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯-6-甲酰肼:硅胶柱层析时洗脱剂为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1,V:V,产率37%,白色固体,熔点:190-192℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.01(s,1H),7.57(dd,1H,J=8.4,2.4Hz),7.47(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.03(t,2H,J=7.8Hz),6.81(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.79(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.31(d,1H,J=10.2Hz),5.67(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),2.25(s,3H,CH3),1.45(s,6H,2CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ167.3,156.4,145.8,131.4,130.7,129.7,128.1,125.7,124.5,121.6,121.1,116.4,114.0,77.3,28.2,20.5.HRMS(ESI)calcd for C19H20N2O2Na[M+Na]+m/z:331.1422,found 331.1423.
化合物生物活性测定实例
采用生长速率法测定化合物对马铃薯干腐病菌,记为Fusarium sulphureum,MG、西瓜枯萎病菌,记为Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.Niveum,XK、辣椒疫霉病菌,记为Phytophthora capsici,LY、小麦赤霉病菌,记为Fusarium graminearum,XC、油菜菌核病菌,记为Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,YJ、苹果腐烂病菌,记为Valsa mali,PF、烟草赤星病菌,记为Altenaria alternariae,YC、水稻稻瘟病菌,记为Pyricularia oryzae,SD、白菜黑斑病菌,记为Alternaria brassicae,BH和番茄灰霉病菌,记为Botrytis cinerea,FH,十种植物病原真菌的抑制活性。丙酮溶液作为空白溶剂对照;噁霉灵,记为Hymexazol和百菌清,记为Chlorothalonil原药作为阳性药剂对照。
用丙酮将供试药品溶解,准确移取定量的药液注入马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基PDA中配置成50μg/mL的含药培养基,然后将培养基倒入已灭菌的培养皿中冷却。而后分别接种不同的供试菌菌饼,菌饼直径为4mm,每组设3个重复,同时设置空白对照、百菌清对照组和噁霉灵对照组,在T=26±1℃,RH=70-80%,L/D=12h/12h条件下培养96小时,十字交叉法测量菌落直径,按下述公式求出各药剂对菌丝生长的抑制率。
活性测试结果见表2:
表2化合物在50μg/mL浓度下对十种植物病原真菌的抑制活性
注:表中“-”表示没有活性。
从表2中可以看出所合成的18个目标化合物在浓度为50μg/mL时对各种植物病原真菌均具有一定的抑制作用,其中化合物6a、6c、6d、6e和6h对所测试的十种植物病原真菌均具有优异且广谱的抑制作用,其抑制率为58.8-98.7%,优于商品化杀菌剂噁霉灵26.8-72.7%和百菌清47.7-97.7%;化合物6b、6l和6p对除西瓜枯萎病菌以外的九种病原真菌具有很好的抑制活性,抑制率为62.5-98.7%;化合物6g、6i、6m、6q和6r对部分菌株的抑菌效果显著优于两种阳性对照药物噁霉灵和百菌清;而其余化合物6f、6j、6k、6n和6o对所测试的十种植物病原真菌抑制活性较低。初步构效关系研究表明:(1)当苯环上为单取代时,含有卤素类吸电子基团的化合物活性优于供电子基团的化合物,例如:6b-d与6o-r;(2)苯环上被取代的数目越多,抑菌活性越低,如6f与6b-c,6h与6i-k;(3)含有吡啶环的化合物活性低于苯环取代的化合物,如6n与6a。
接下来,为了进一步确定初步活性筛选中部分化合物的抑菌效果强弱,我们对化合物6a、6b、6c、6d、6e、6g、6h、6i、6l、6p、6m、6q和6r的半最大效应浓度,即concentrationfor 50%ofmaximal effect,EC50进行了测试。从表3中可以看出化合物6b、6c、6d、6e、6h、6i和6l对马铃薯干腐病菌MG:EC50=0.32-8.84μg/mL的抑制活性优于阳性对照百菌清的EC50=13.05μg/mL;化合物6d、6e和6h对西瓜枯萎病菌的EC50值分别为7.49μg/mL、6.42μg/mL和8.14μg/mL,与百菌清EC50=8.83μg/mL相当;化合物6a、6b、6c、6d、6e、6h、6i和6l对辣椒疫霉病菌LY:EC50=0.16-11.05μg/mL和苹果腐烂病菌PF:EC50=0.03-3.46μg/mL的抑制活性显著高于阳性对照百菌清LY:EC50=13.79μg/mL,PF:EC50=8.96μg/mL;化合物6b、6c、6d、6e、6h和6l对小麦赤霉病菌EC50=0.17-2.35μg/mL的抑制活性较百菌清EC50=2.78μg/mL强;化合物6a、6b、6c、6d、6e、6h、6l和6m对油菜菌核病菌YJ的EC50为0.71-6.57μg/mL,是阳性对照药物百菌清YJ:EC50=18.66μg/mL的26.28-2.84倍;除化合物6r对烟草赤星病菌YC和化合物6m对白菜黑斑病菌BH外,其余12个化合物对这两种菌YC:EC50=0.16-14.56μg/mL,BH:EC50=0.26-24.10μg/mL的抑制活性均优于阳性对照噁霉灵YC:EC50=16.60μg/mL,BH:EC50=33.80μg/mL;此外,所有化合物对水稻稻瘟病菌SD:EC50=0.87-12.56μg/mL的抑制活性均显著优于百菌清SD:EC50=37.15μg/mL,但只有化合物6e的FH:EC50=0.34μg/mL和6l的FH:EC50=0.31μg/mL对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制活性与百菌清相当FH:EC50=0.45μg/mL。
表3化合物抑制植物病原真菌的EC50(μg·mL-1)值
图1为本发明制备的化合物6c在质量浓度为50μg/mL、12.5μg/mL、6.25μg/mL、3.125μg/mL和1.5625μg/mL下对番茄灰霉病菌FH的抑制活性图,图2为本发明制备的化合物6h在质量浓度为50μg/mL、12.5μg/mL、6.25μg/mL、3.125μg/mL和1.5625μg/mL下对苹果腐烂病菌PF的抑制活性图,与空白对照Control,记为CK,对比,随着化合物6c和6h质量浓度的增加,各病原菌菌落直径显著缩小,呈现剂量依赖性。
综上所述,本发明制备得到了一系列色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物,且该类化合物可被用于防治由植物病原真菌引起的植物病害。抑菌活性测试结果表明,本发明制备得到的部分色烯芳基酰肼类化合物与商品化抑菌剂百菌清和噁霉灵相比具有更加优异且广谱的抑菌活性,尤其是化合物6c、6d、6e和6h对所测试的十种植物病原真菌均具有极好的抑制活性,具有一定的开发潜力。因此,本发明为植物源农用杀菌剂的研究与开发提供了一类骨架新颖、活性突出,且抑菌谱广的候选化合物。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (10)
1.一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物,其特征在于,所述色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物的结构通式如式(I)所示:
其中,R为芳基、取代芳基、杂芳基、取代杂芳基或C1~C6的烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物,其特征在于,所述色烯芳基酰肼类衍生物包括如下化合物中的任意一种:
3.根据权利要求1所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,以对羟基苯甲醛为原料通过取代反应、环化反应、氧化反应、酰化反应和肼解反应得到色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述取代反应和环化反应为:
将对羟基苯甲醛溶于乙腈中,加入氯化铜,在冰浴下搅拌5~15min后,滴加1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯,然后加入3-氯-3-甲基-1-丁炔,于冰浴下搅拌9~11h;反应完成后加入水,提纯得取代反应产物;
将取代反应产物溶于N,N-二乙基苯胺中,氩气保护下于150~170℃反应3~5h;反应完成后加入盐酸,纯化得环化反应产物。
5.根据权利要求4所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧化反应为:将制得的环化反应产物和2-甲基-2-丁烯溶解后,加入磷酸二氢钠水溶液,于冰浴下搅拌并加入次氯酸钠水溶液,室温下搅拌1~3h,反应完全后,加水、萃取、干燥并浓缩,纯化得到氧化反应产物;其中,环化反应产物、2-甲基-2-丁烯、磷酸二氢钠、水、次氯酸钠按比例为:4.2mmol:11mL:34mmol:2mL:30mmol。
6.根据权利要求5所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酰化和肼解反应为:
将制得的氧化反应产物溶于氯化亚砜中,氩气保护下于80~90℃下反应1~3h,反应完后除去反应液,在碱性条件下,搅拌加入取代苯肼,于室温下搅拌至反应完全,纯化得所述色烯芳基酰肼类化合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述一种色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述取代苯肼与所述色烯芳基酰肼类化合物的对应关系为:
8.一种权利要求1所述的色烯芳基酰肼类化合物在制备农用抑菌剂中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述农用抑菌剂用于防治植物病原真菌引起的植物病害。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述植物病原真菌包括马铃薯干腐病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、油菜菌核病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、烟草赤星病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌、白菜黑斑病菌和番茄灰霉病菌。
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