CN117904067A - 一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体 - Google Patents
一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及酶催化技术领域,尤其是一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体,所述转氨酶突变体的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示。与野生型转氨酶相比,本发明的转氨酶突变体不仅酶活测定更高,并且在特定的反应条件下(58℃‑62℃)具有更高的底物转化率和更高的产物浓度。因此,本发明的转氨酶突变体在催化1‑哌啶‑4‑(2,4,5‑三氟苯基)‑1,3‑二丁酮生成西他列汀中间体(R)‑3‑氨基‑1‑哌啶‑4‑(2,4,5‑三氟苯基)‑1‑丁酮具有较明显的优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及酶催化技术领域,具体领域为一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体。
背景技术
西他列汀是一种二肽基肽酶-4(DPP-4)抑制剂,通过酰胺部分与DPP-4活性部分结合抑制其活性,延长降血糖素(Incretin)的半衰期,使得血浆中GLP-1和GIP活性提高的同时只是轻度增加其含量,却不会引起因GLP-1含量过高而产生的副作用,具有较好的安全性和耐受性。
在联合用药方面,与二甲双胍或吡格列酮联合用药时均优于其各自单独用药。临床上对于西他列汀的应用相比于同类药物其用药优势突出,基于其良好的市场前景,西他列汀具有较好的研究价值。
在现有技术中,西他列汀的手性氨基中间体的合成方法主要有化学合成工艺和生物催化合成工艺,其中,化学合成工艺虽然工艺成熟,但是具有工艺步骤繁多、所用试剂(如金属催化剂等)昂贵、部分试剂(如金属催化剂等)对环境和人体具有毒害作用、合成的手性氨基中间体纯度较低等缺点。生物催化合成工艺是利用酶作为催化剂来制备西他列汀,其中所用的酶大多为转氨酶(Transaminase,TA),生物催化合成工艺具有合成的手性氨基中间体立体选择性高、反应条件温和、对环境友好、纯化工序简单的优点。如美国专利US8293507公开了Codexis公司对节杆菌来源的转氨酶(ATA117)进行改造得到的生物催化剂,转氨得到的产物ee值达到99%。
但是,目前常用的转氨酶耐温性较差,最适反应温度多在50℃以内,而在60℃以上则迅速失活。因此,本发明试图寻找一种转氨酶突变体来解决上述问题,既可以让转氨酶耐受高温,同时保持高酶活,进而扩大其应用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示。
本发明所述转氨酶突变体可用于生产西他列汀中间体,其使用方法为:分别称取1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮、二甲基亚砜、磷酸吡哆醛、异丙胺至烧瓶中,加入pH 8-9的三乙醇胺-HCl缓冲液,在温度58~63℃水浴中,加入转氨酶突变体的粗酶液进行反应,反应结束后,将反应液分离纯化,获得西他列汀中间体(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮。
其中,所述粗酶液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)通过引物拼接的方法,将SEQ ID NO:3所示蛋白的对应编码多核苷酸序列进行组装,并克隆到原核表达载体,以实现在大肠杆菌中的高表达;
(2)采用摇瓶发酵或者分批补料发酵
①摇瓶发酵
挑取含有表达载体的大肠杆菌单菌落接种于3mL高压灭菌后的培养基A中,30℃,250rpm过夜培养;所述培养基A为:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.8g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L;
次日取1L三角瓶,按1:100的接种比例接入到250mL高压灭菌后的培养基B中,于37℃中培养至菌体OD 5-6,立刻将三角瓶置于25℃摇床中,250rpm培养1小时;加IPTG至终浓度0.1mM,并于25℃,180rpm继续培养12小时;所述培养基B为:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.3g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L;
培养结束后,将培养液于4℃,12000g下离心20分钟收集湿菌体;然后将菌体沉淀用蒸馏水清洗1次,收集菌体,-70℃保存;同时取少量菌体进行SDS-PAGE检测;
②分批补料发酵
分批补料发酵在计算机控制的生物反应器中进行,将含有表达载体的大肠杆菌单菌落制备200mL培养物,当培养物为OD2.0时接入所述生物反应器;在整个发酵过程中,温度保持37℃,发酵过程中溶解氧浓度由搅拌速率和通气供应级联自动控制在30%,而培养基的pH值由50%v/v正磷酸和30%v/v氨水维持在7.0;发酵过程中,当出现溶氧回升时,开始补料,补料溶液含有9%w/v蛋白胨、9%w/v酵母提取物、14%w/v甘油;当OD600为50.0时,控制温度为25℃,并用0.1mM IPTG诱导表达16小时,离心收菌体-25℃保存。
其中,分批补料发酵所用的培养基为:酵母抽提物24g/L,蛋白胨12g/L,0.4%w/v葡萄糖,2.31g/L磷酸二氢酶和12.54g/L磷酸氢二钾,pH 7.0。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明获得了一种耐高温的转氨酶突变体,与野生型转氨酶相比,本发明的转氨酶不仅酶活测定更高,并且在特定的反应条件下(58℃-62℃)具有更高的底物转化率和更高的产物浓度。因此,本发明的转氨酶突变体在催化1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮生成西他列汀中间体(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮具有较明显的优势。
附图说明
图1为1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮标品的检测图谱;
图2为(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮标品的检测图谱;
图3为突变体反应6h的检测结果;
图4为突变体反应24h的检测结果;
图5为野生蛋白反应24h的检测结果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。在本实施例中所用到的仪器、试剂,除非有特殊说明,均为市售产品。
实施例1野生型转氨酶基因序列的获得
通过全基因合成的方法,对Aspergillus terreus来源的转氨酶基因的二级结构以及密码子偏好性进行调整,以实现在大肠杆菌中的高表达。利用Primer Premier(http://primer3.ut.ee/)和OPTIMIZER(http://genomes.urv.es/OPTIMIZER/)进行设计,并保证退火温度(Tm)差异控制在3℃以内,引物长度控制在60base以内,并将获得的引物加双蒸水溶解后,加到如下的反应体系中,使得各引物的终浓度为30nM,首尾引物的终浓度为0.6μM。
2mM dNTP mix(2mM each dNTP) | 5μL |
10×Pfu buffer | 5μL |
Pfu DNA polymerase(10U/μL) | 0.5μL |
ddH2O | 使得反应体系总体积至50μL |
将配制好的PCR反应体系置于博日XP cycler基因扩增仪中,按下列程序进行扩增:98℃30s,55℃45s,72℃120s,35x。
将PCR得到的DNA片段进行切胶纯化,利用同源重组的方法克隆进pET30a的NdeI/XhoI位点。挑取单克隆进行测序。测序成功的DNA序列为SEQ ID NO:2,命名为ATwt,其对应的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
实施例2转氨酶突变体基因序列的获得
本实施例的转氨酶突变体源于实施例1的野生型转氨酶,能够催化1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮生成西他列汀中间体(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮。所述转氨酶突变体,与野生型转氨酶相比表现出更高的催化活性。转氨酶突变体和编码这种突变体的多核苷酸可以使用本领域技术人员通常使用的方法制备。突变体可以通过使编码该酶的体外重组、多核苷酸诱变、DNA改组、易错PCR和定向进化方法等获得。
通过全基因合成的方法,对基因的二级结构以及密码子偏好性进行调整,以实现在大肠杆菌中的高表达。利用Primer Premier(http://primer3.ut.ee/)和OPTIMIZER(http://genomes.urv.es/OPTIMIZER/)进行设计,并保证退火温度(Tm)差异控制在3℃以内,引物长度控制在60base以内,并将获得的引物加双蒸水溶解后,加到如下的反应体系中,使得各引物的终浓度为30nM,首尾引物的终浓度为0.6μM。
2mM dNTP mix(2mM each dNTP) | 5μL |
10×Pfu buffer | 5μL |
Pfu DNA polymerase(10U/μL) | 0.5μL |
ddH2O | 使得反应体系总体积至50μL |
将配制好的PCR反应体系置于博日XP cycler基因扩增仪中,按下列程序进行扩增:98℃30s,55℃45s,72℃120s,35x。
将PCR得到的DNA片段进行切胶纯化,利用同源重组的方法克隆进pET30a的NdeI/XhoI位点。挑取单克隆进行测序。测序成功的DNA序列为SEQ ID NO:4,命名为AT,其对应的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:3,突变位点为Q51R,L139D,I282E。
实施例3摇瓶表达测试
挑取含有表达载体的大肠杆菌单菌落接种于3mL高压灭菌后的培养基中:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.8g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L。30℃,250rpm过夜培养。次日取1L三角瓶,按1:100的接种比例接入到250mL高压灭菌后的培养基中:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.3g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L。于37℃中培养至菌体OD 5-6,立刻将三角瓶置于25℃摇床中,250rpm培养1小时。加IPTG至终浓度0.1mM,并于25℃,180rpm继续培养12小时。培养结束后,将培养液于4℃,12000g下离心20分钟收集湿菌体。然后将菌体沉淀用蒸馏水清洗一次,收集菌体,-70℃保存。同时取少量菌体进行SDS-PAGE检测。
实施例4分批补料发酵
分批补料发酵在计算机控制的生物反应器(北京霍尔斯)中进行,反应器容量为5L,工作体积为3.5L,所用到的培养基为酵母抽提物24g/L,蛋白胨12g/L,葡萄糖0.4%,2.31g/L磷酸二氢酶和12.54g/L磷酸氢二钾,pH 7.0。初级接种菌种制备200mL培养物,OD2.0时接入。在整个发酵过程中,温度保持在37℃,发酵过程中溶解氧浓度由搅拌速率(rpm)和通气供应级联控制在30%自动控制,而培养基的pH值由50%(v/v)正磷酸和30%(v/v)氨水维持在7.0。发酵过程中,当出现大幅的溶氧回升时,开始补料。补料溶液含有9%w/v蛋白胨、9%w/v酵母提取物、14%w/v甘油。当OD600约为50.0(湿重约为100g/L)时,控制温度为25℃,并用0.1mM IPTG诱导表达。
实施例5酶活测定的比较
转氨酶活性的测定:
对25g/L终浓度的西他列汀中间体前体酮进行生物转化进行筛选,催化体系(10mL)终浓度组成及催化条件如下:pH 8.5-9.0三乙醇胺-HCl缓冲液,25g/L底物西他列汀中间体前体酮1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮,DMSO终浓度为50%(v/v),磷酸吡哆醛0.5g/L,异丙胺40g/L。将突变体AT 0.1g样品加入反应体系中。
反应条件:温度30℃、搅拌速度600r/min,反应时间2h。反应结束后,取样进行HPLC(高效液相色谱法)检测。HPLC检测条件为:流动相A:10mM乙酸铵;流动相B:纯乙腈;按照流动相A:流动相B=1:1;流速:1ml/min;检测波长:205nm。
用同样方法检测野生型转氨酶的酶活。根据检测的结果进行对比:
突变体AT | 野生型ATwt | |
酶活 | 474.2U/mg | 106.8U/mg |
实施例6西他列汀中间体(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮的制备
酶活测定只是特定条件下反应活性高低的一种手段,并不能实际反映真正生产条件的表现。所以需要根据符合实际的反应条件进行下一步反应实验验证。
催化体系(100mL)终浓度组成及催化条件如下:pH 8.5-9.0三乙醇胺-HCl缓冲液,底物西他列汀前体酮5g(50g/L),DMSO终浓度为20%(v/v),磷酸吡哆醛2mmol/L,异丙胺80g/L。加入2g酶液开始反应。反应条件:温度60℃、搅拌速度300r/min,反应时间24h。分别在6h、12h、24h取样检测。检测图谱见图3-图5,检测结果见下表:
样品名称 | 突变体(g/L) | 野生型(g/L) |
6h | 45.72 | 12.61 |
12h | 47.68 | 15.46 |
24h | 49.47 | 19.02 |
采用本发明的转氨酶突变体,反应最终产物浓度为49.47g/L,综合转化率大于95%,ee>99%。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于生产西他列汀中间体的转氨酶突变体,其特征在于:其氨基酸序列如SEQID NO:3所示。
2.权利要求1所述转氨酶突变体在生产西他列汀中间体中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述转氨酶突变体在生产西他列汀中间体中的应用,其特征在于:分别称取1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1,3-二丁酮、二甲基亚砜、磷酸吡哆醛、异丙胺至烧瓶中,加入pH 8-9的三乙醇胺-HCl缓冲液,在温度58~63℃水浴中,加入转氨酶突变体的粗酶液进行反应,反应结束后,将反应液分离纯化,获得西他列汀中间体(R)-3-氨基-1-哌啶-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)-1-丁酮。
4.根据权利要求3所述转氨酶突变体在生产西他列汀中间体中的应用,其特征在于:所述粗酶液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)通过引物拼接的方法,将SEQ ID NO:3所示蛋白的对应编码多核苷酸序列进行组装,并克隆到原核表达载体,以实现在大肠杆菌中的高表达;
(2)采用摇瓶发酵或者分批补料发酵
①摇瓶发酵
挑取含有表达载体的大肠杆菌单菌落接种于3mL高压灭菌后的培养基A中,30℃,250rpm过夜培养;所述培养基A为:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.8g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L;
次日取1L三角瓶,按1:100的接种比例接入到250mL高压灭菌后的培养基B中,于37℃中培养至菌体OD 5-6,立刻将三角瓶置于25℃摇床中,250rpm培养1小时;加IPTG至终浓度0.1mM,并于25℃,180rpm继续培养12小时;所述培养基B为:胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,磷酸氢二钠3.55g/L,磷酸二氢钾3.4g/L,氯化铵2.68g/L,硫酸钠0.71g/L,七水硫酸镁0.493g/L,六水氯化铁0.027g/L,甘油5g/L,葡萄糖0.3g/L,添加卡那霉素至50mg/L;
培养结束后,将培养液于4℃,12000g下离心20分钟收集湿菌体;然后将菌体沉淀用蒸馏水清洗1次,收集菌体,-70℃保存;同时取少量菌体进行SDS-PAGE检测;
②分批补料发酵
分批补料发酵在计算机控制的生物反应器中进行,将含有表达载体的大肠杆菌单菌落制备200mL培养物,当培养物为OD2.0时接入所述生物反应器;在整个发酵过程中,温度保持37℃,发酵过程中溶解氧浓度由搅拌速率和通气供应级联自动控制在30%,而培养基的pH值由50%v/v正磷酸和30%v/v氨水维持在7.0;发酵过程中,当出现溶氧回升时,开始补料,补料溶液含有9%w/v蛋白胨、9%w/v酵母提取物、14%w/v甘油;当OD600为50.0时,控制温度为25℃,并用0.1mM IPTG诱导表达16小时,离心收菌体-25℃保存。
5.根据权利要求4所述转氨酶突变体在生产西他列汀中间体中的应用,其特征在于:粗酶液制备方法中,分批补料发酵所用的培养基为:酵母抽提物24g/L,蛋白胨12g/L,0.4%w/v葡萄糖,2.31g/L磷酸二氢酶和12.54g/L磷酸氢二钾,pH 7.0。
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