CN117836119A - 封边条和封边条的生产方法 - Google Patents

封边条和封边条的生产方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117836119A
CN117836119A CN202280051693.XA CN202280051693A CN117836119A CN 117836119 A CN117836119 A CN 117836119A CN 202280051693 A CN202280051693 A CN 202280051693A CN 117836119 A CN117836119 A CN 117836119A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
functional layer
layer
10min
strip
edge strip
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202280051693.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
托马斯·施特赖卡持
彼得·弗洛里安·施韦尔默
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
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Publication of CN117836119A publication Critical patent/CN117836119A/zh
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    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0026—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor an edge face with strip material, e.g. a panel edge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B13/00—Details of tables or desks
    • A47B13/08—Table tops; Rims therefor
    • A47B13/083—Rims for table tops
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    • A47B96/20—Furniture panels or like furniture elements
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    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种封边条，尤其是用于家具件，其包括结构层和至少一个与该结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层包含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物；还涉及一种用于生产尤其是用于家具件的封边条的方法，该封边条包括结构层和至少一个与该结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层包含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，该方法包括a.模塑、尤其是挤出至少一个含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的功能层，b.模塑、尤其是挤出结构层，以及c.将功能层与结构层连接。本发明还涉及将封边条固定到工件上的方法、此处说明的功能层用作带状热熔粘合剂的应用，尤其是在将条边固定到工件上时、以及带状热熔粘合剂和包括封边条的工件。

Description

封边条和封边条的生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种封边条，尤其是用于家具件，该封边条包括结构层和至少一个功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上。本发明还涉及一种生产封边条的方法、此处所述的功能层作为带状热熔粘合剂的应用、包括根据本发明的封边条的工件，尤其是家具件、以及带状热熔粘合剂。
背景技术
用于覆盖开放式板，尤其是面板、工作台面、柜台、搁板和侧板搁架系统的窄面的封边条是已知的。例如，PVC、ABS、PP或PMMA塑料可用作边缘材料。此类封边条的常见壁厚为0.4至3mm。封边条通常粘贴在板的窄侧上。
封边条通常是热塑性封边条。
封边条可以通过各种方式粘合到板上。在现有技术中已知通过热熔胶将封边条粘合到板上，尤其是板的窄侧上。在这种情况下，封边条在整个表面上都与板的窄侧粘合在一起。
为了降低施加的耗费和用于施加封边条的装置的耗费，现有技术中还已知封边条已经包括热熔层。热熔层也可称为功能层。有了热熔层，就可以例如通过激光技术、热空气或其他技术将封边条与板焊接在一起。
现已开发出各种封边条，以控制封边条在板上的附着。
例如，DE 20 2007 011 911 U1说明了一种包括热熔层的封边条，其中热熔层在分子结构中既包含极性又包含非极性成分。DE 20 2007 011 911 U1的热熔层的一种重要材料是接枝共聚物，尤其是马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。然而，DE 20 2007 011 911 U1的封边条并不理想，因为所使用的接枝共聚物引起较高的成本，并且边与边焊接的角连接通常较弱。此外，仅能以较小的加工窗口和/或较高的耗费将这种边缘附接到聚丙烯板材上，该聚丙烯板材例如用于户外厨房家具或急救运送用具等。
相比之下，WO 2015/097163 A1的热熔层主要由易流动聚烯烃组成，其中易流动聚烯烃仅由非极性单体构成。然而，WO 2015/097163A1的封边条并非同样良好地适用于所有基材，并且在固定后，从刨花板上的拉脱力明显低于从中密度纤维板(MDF)上的拉脱力。此外，在WO 2015/097163 A1中，聚丙烯均聚物可单独使用，或者与聚丙烯共聚物一起使用。然而，聚丙烯均聚物通常比较脆，因此在热熔层中含有聚丙烯均聚物的封边条在附接到面板上时，往往会在接近过程中断裂，产生大量废料。高断裂性也会在封边条的生产过程中产生问题，尤其是在卷起和切割生产出来的封边条时。此外，由于脆性大，很难将封边条固定在圆形板上。另一方面，使用聚丙烯共聚物成本较高。此外，使用聚丙烯共聚物也会导致配方设计的可能性减少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种封边条，其至少可以部分克服现有技术的缺点。尤其是，封边条在附接到工件后应具有良好的可加工性和良好的强度。本发明的进一步目的、特征和优点从下面的描述中可以清楚地得出。
该目的通过一种封边条实现，尤其是用于家具件的封边条，其包括结构层和至少一个与该结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层包含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物。
本发明还涉及一种用于生产尤其是用于家具件的封边条的方法，该封边条包括结构层和至少一个与该结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层包含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，该方法包括
a.模塑、尤其是挤出至少一个含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的功能层，
b.模塑、尤其是挤出结构层，以及
c.将功能层与结构层连接。
本发明还涉及一种将根据本发明的封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上的方法，其中功能层在激光辐射、微波辐射、超声波、红外辐射、等离子体和热空气中至少一种的作用下被激活。
本发明还涉及本文定义的功能层作为带状热熔粘合剂的用途，尤其是在将条或带固定到工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧时。
本发明还涉及一种工件，尤其是家具件，其包括根据本发明的封边条。
最后，本发明还涉及一种带状热熔粘合剂，用于将条或带固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中该热熔粘合剂含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物。
通过在根据本发明的封边条的功能层中使用聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，可以很容易地使功能层与粘合基材，例如刨花板或中密度纤维板相匹配。这样就能使封边条与相对应的基材建立良好的粘合。此外，根据本发明的封边条具有良好的柔韧性，因此在生产例如封边条以及家具面板时可以减少废料。此外还发现，通过在功能层中使用聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，可以延长所谓的“开放时间”，即在功能层激活后将封边条附接到工件上的时间，从而简化了加工过程，尤其是在弯曲表面上进行粘接的情况下。此外还发现，功能层含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的封边条可在附接过程中实现较大的加工窗口，尤其是在能量输入方面。最后，聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物可以很好地回收利用。
粘合剂，尤其是热熔粘合剂，用于连接材料。热熔粘合剂在室温下呈固态，加热时熔化而不损失物质，冷却时凝固而不大幅收缩。热熔粘合剂只有在熔化时才具有塑性，因此可加工。
这里给出的熔体流动指数优选根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2012-03标准确定。
聚丙烯均聚物可具有不同的熔体流动指数。通过熔体流动指数可以控制功能层的流动性。根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2021-03在230℃，重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚丙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数为100g/10min或以上，优选150g/10min或以上，进一步优选为200g/10min或以上。研究发现，在熔体流动指数较低的情况下，封边条在施加到板上后的剥离强度较低。在此推测，由于熔体流动指数较低，功能层无法有效渗透到基材的孔隙结构中，从而导致剥离强度较低。
此外，根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2021-03，在230℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚丙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数优选为1200g/10min或更低，优选为900g/10min或更低，更优选700g/10min或更低，特别优选为500g/10min或更低。已经发现，在熔体流动指数较高的情况下，功能层在活化或加热后对于施加到板上而言液体程度过高。
合适的聚丙烯均聚物例如可从Idemitsu Chemicals、Boreal is AG或其他聚丙烯均聚物生产商处获得。
聚乙烯均聚物可以具有不同的熔体流动指数。根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2021-03，在190℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数优选为200g/10min或更低，优选为150g/10min或更低，更优选为130g/10min或更低，进一步优选为100g/10min或更低，特别优选为70g/10min或更低。如果聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数在上述范围内，功能层就能很好地匹配于相应的基材。
此外，根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2021-03，在190℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数优选为0.1至300g/10min，优选为0.1至200g/10min，更优选为0.1至130g/10min，进一步优选为0.1至100g/10min，特别优选为0.1至70g/10min。
聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数尤其可以根据用于混合的机器和/或根据其他成分的熔体流动指数来选择。例如，根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2021-03，在190℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数例如可为0.1至20g/10min，尤其是0.1至10g/10min。例如，根据DIN EN ISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN EN ISO1133-1:2021-03，在190℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数也可以为25至300g/10min，尤其是30至130g/10min。
本领域技术人员已知各种类型的聚乙烯均聚物。例如，低密度聚乙烯均聚物(PE-LD)和线性低密度聚乙烯均聚物(PE-LLD)为本领域技术人员所熟知。此外，茂金属聚乙烯均聚物也是本领域技术人员所熟知的。PE-LLD尤其可以是茂金属聚乙烯均聚物。相应地，在生产至少一个功能层中的聚乙烯均聚物时，也可以使用生产PE-LLD的常用单体。
针对根据本发明的功能层可以使用不同的聚乙烯均聚物。优选聚乙烯均聚物是PE-LD，优选是PE-LLD。此外，聚乙烯均聚物的密度优选为0.900g/cm3至0.940g/cm3，优选为0.910g/cm3至0.936g/cm3。根据一个实施方案，聚乙烯均聚物是茂金属聚乙烯均聚物。
功能层还可以包含进一步的聚乙烯均聚物。
合适的聚乙烯均聚物例如可以从LyondellBasell公司、Chevron PhillipsChemical Company LP或其他聚乙烯均聚物制造商处获得。
使用上述聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，可以调整和/或改善在工件上的固定强度。
聚丙烯均聚物优选理解为未接枝的聚丙烯均聚物，尤其是未接枝硅烷的聚丙烯均聚物。聚乙烯均聚物优选理解为未接枝的聚乙烯均聚物，尤其是未接枝硅烷的聚乙烯均聚物。
功能层可以有不同的厚度。功能层的厚度优选为0.05mm至5mm，优选0.05mm至2mm，更优选0.05mm至1mm，特别优选0.1mm至0.25mm。
封边条的宽度优选为5mm至120mm，优选为5mm至80mm，更优选为5mm至40mm，更优选为5mm至30mm，特别优选为18mm至28mm。
聚丙烯均聚物可以以不同的含量存在于功能层中。基于功能层的总质量，功能层优选含有40重量％至99重量％，优选55重量％至95重量％，更优选70重量％至95重量％，特别优选80重量％至95重量％的聚丙烯均聚物。
此外，功能层可以含有不同量的聚乙烯均聚物。基于功能层的总质量，功能层优选含有0.1重量％至40重量％，优选0.1重量％至30重量％，更优选0.1至25重量％，进一步优选1重量％至20重量％，特别优选1重量％至10重量％的聚乙烯均聚物。
根据一个实施方案，功能层可以包含至少一种填料。功能层可包含基于天然纤维的填料或矿物填料。基于天然纤维的填料的例子包括木纤维、麻纤维、竹纤维、西沙尔麻纤维、稻壳或椰子纤维。矿物填料的例子有滑石、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、白云石、二氧化硅、云母、高岭土、硅藻土、玻璃、硅灰石、硫酸钙、埃洛石或氧化锌。
功能层优选含有至少一种填料，该填料选自基于天然纤维的填料，尤其是木纤维、麻纤维、竹纤维、西沙尔麻纤维、稻壳或椰子纤维；矿物填料，尤其是滑石、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、白云石、二氧化硅、云母、高岭土、硅藻土、玻璃、硅灰石、硫酸钙、埃洛石或氧化锌；以及它们的混合物。
已经发现，在功能层中添加填料可以提高功能层的硬度。硬度的增加可改善在将封边条附接在工件上后铣削封边条的突起物时的铣削行为。通过提高硬度同样还能在随后的使用中减少污垢进入功能层。此外，功能层的流动行为可以通过添加填料来影响。最后还发现，在功能层中加入填料可以加快封边条的生产速度，并使封边条更快地附接在工件上。在不束缚于科学理论的前提下，这似乎是由于填料的成核效应引起的，这实现了功能层的更快的硬化。
功能层可以含有不同量的填料。基于功能层的总质量，功能层优选含有至少一种填料，其含量为1重量％至40重量％，优选为1重量％至35重量％，更优选1重量％至25重量％，特别优选1重量％至10重量％。
根据一个实施方案，封边条含有1重量％至40重量％，优选1重量％至35重量％，更优选1重量％至25重量％，特别优选1重量％至10重量％的至少一种填料，其选自基于天然纤维的填料，尤其是木纤维、麻纤维、竹纤维、西沙尔麻纤维、稻壳或椰子纤维；矿物填料，尤其是滑石、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、白云石、二氧化硅、云母、高岭土、硅藻土、玻璃、硅灰石、硫酸钙、埃洛石或氧化锌；以及它们的混合物。
此外，功能层还可以含有一种或多种添加剂。利用添加剂可以有针对性地影响功能层的特性，从而有针对性地影响封边条的特性。功能层尤其可以含有选自抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、受阻胺光稳定剂(HALS)、颜料、染料、防滑剂、防粘连剂、光稳定剂及其混合物的添加剂。
抗氧化剂例如可从MPI Chemie、BASF SE、Clariant AG或其他塑料添加剂生产商处获得。抗氧化剂可以提高功能层的热稳定性。
紫外线吸收剂例如可以从MPI Chemie、BASF SE、Solvay SA或其他紫外线吸收剂制造商处获得。紫外线吸收剂有助于提高功能层的紫外线稳定性。
颜料和染料例如可以从BASF SE、Altana AG、Merck KGaA、Clariant AG或其他颜料和染料生产商处获得。颜料和染料可以以不同的形式存在。颜料和/或染料优选可以溶解或分散在聚丙烯均聚物和/或聚乙烯均聚物中。颜料和/或染料优选溶解或分散在聚丙烯均聚物和/或聚乙烯均聚物中。
防滑剂例如可从Kafrit Industries Ltd、A.Schulman Inc.、AmpacetCorporation或其他防滑剂生产商处获得。防滑剂有助于提高生产速度。
防粘连剂例如可以从Kafrit Industries Ltd、Ampacet Corporation、CrodaInternational plc或其他防粘连剂制造商处获得。防粘连剂有助于防止封边条，尤其是卷起的封边条的不期望的粘连。
受阻胺光稳定剂(HALS)例如可从BASF SE、Clariant AG、Azel is SA或其他HALS生产商处获得。HALS可以提高功能层的光稳定性。这还可以减缓或减少经加工状态下的功能层的老化，尤其是脆化。
功能层可含有不同量的添加剂。基于功能层的总质量，功能层中添加剂的总量优选为0.1重量％至15重量％，优选为0.1重量％至10重量％。基于功能层的总质量，添加剂尤其可以分别单独以0.1重量％至5重量％，优选为0.1重量％至3重量％的量包含在功能层中。基于功能层的总质量，非颜料或染料的添加剂可以特别优选地以0.1重量％至1重量％的量包含在功能层中。
功能层优选含有能量吸收添加物。能量吸收添加物可以激活功能层，从而改善封边条在工件，尤其是家具件上的固定。
根据将封边条固定在工件上时所使用的能量类型，可以使用不同的能量吸收添加物。能量吸收添加物的例子有热吸收添加物、辐射吸收添加物，如微波辐射吸收添加物、和光吸收添加物。功能层优选含有光吸收和/或辐射吸收添加物。功能层进一步优选含有激光吸收添加物。激光吸收添加物尤其适用于通过激光激活的方式固定封边条的情况。
基于功能层的总质量，能量吸收添加物在封边条中的含量优选为0.1重量％至5重量％，优选为0.1重量％至3重量％，进一步优选0.1重量％至1重量％。
聚丙烯均聚物、聚乙烯均聚物、填料、添加剂和能量吸收添加物可称为功能层的成分。基于功能层的总重量，功能层的所有成分优选加和为100重量％。
封边条包括至少一个功能层。封边条也可以包括两个或多个功能层。如果封边条包括两个或多个功能层，这些功能层可以相同或不同。两个或多个功能层可以以不同的方式布置。例如，两个功能层可以彼此叠置，使得只有一个功能层与工件直接接触。这样，其中一个功能层可以针对封边条与工件的粘合而优化，而另一个功能层则可以满足其他目的。两个功能层也可以并排布置。例如，这对于使封边条匹配于不均匀的工件而言是有利的。三个或更多的功能层可以彼此叠置、并排布置或以其组合布置。三个功能层并排布置例如对于轻质板材或蜂窝板材等非常有利。如果并排使用三个功能层，它们也可以有不同的厚度。例如，中间功能层可以比外部功能层厚。外部功能层也可以比中间功能层厚。
封边条也可以包括正好一个功能层。
封边条的与功能层相连的结构层可以提高封边条的机械稳定性。结构层还能给封边条带来装饰效果。
结构层可以直接与功能层相连。然后例如可以通过共挤出生产封边条。功能层优选通过共挤出与结构层相连。这种连接方式尤其有利于大批量生产。
功能层也可以在结构层生产后在额外的步骤中施加到该结构层上。这样就可以灵活设计生产工艺。功能层可以通过后涂覆、后共挤出、层压或热涂层与结构层连接。
结构层也可以与功能层间接连接。例如，可以在结构层和功能层之间添加粘合剂层或增附剂层。优选在功能层和结构层之间布置增附剂层。
结构层可以由不同材料制成。结构层优选由包含纸、纸板、层板、连续压力层压板(CPL)或热塑性材料的材料制成。连续压力层压板有时也被称为三聚氰胺框边，并且例如可从专业经销商处获得。
此外，结构层优选由含有热塑性材料，尤其是热塑性聚合物的材料制成。热塑性聚合物可以是由化石原料或生物基物质制成的热塑性聚合物，也可以是由化石原料和生物基物质制成的热塑性材料，如热塑性共聚物或复合材料。热塑性材料优选可以挤出成型。热塑性材料的熔点优选低于400℃。热塑性聚合物优选选自以下组别：木塑复合材料、聚乙烯、来自生物基物质的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、来自生物基物质的聚丙烯、聚乳酸、淀粉、热塑性淀粉、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、烯烃基热塑性弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯、热塑性共聚酯、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，如苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-共-丁二烯-共-苯乙烯)、热塑性共聚酰胺及其混合物。上述材料通常用于生产封边条，并可在市场上买到。来自生物基资源或物质的聚合物是指由可再生原料，例如由基于甘蔗的乙醇制成的聚乙烯构成的聚合物。
根据本发明的方法用于生产封边条，尤其是用于家具件的封边条，该封边条包括结构层和至少一个与结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，该方法具有以下步骤
a.模塑、尤其是挤出至少一个含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的功能层，
b.模塑、尤其是挤出结构层，以及
c.将功能层与结构层连接。
聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物可以一起存在于母粒中，也可以单独提供给挤出机。
以上关于根据本发明的封边条的功能层的说明，尤其是关于聚丙烯均聚物、聚乙烯均聚物、厚度、填料、添加剂和能量吸收添加物的说明，优选相应地适用于根据本发明的生产方法的功能层。上述关于根据本发明的封边条的结构层，尤其是关于材料的说明，优选相应地适用于根据本发明的生产方法的结构层。
利用根据本发明的方法尤其可以生产根据本发明的封边条。
在根据本发明的生产方法中，功能层有利地与结构层一起共挤出。这样就可以实现功能层与结构层的直接连接。替代性地，在根据本发明的生产方法中，功能层也可以施加在结构层，尤其是预制的结构层上。功能层尤其可以通过后涂覆、后共挤出、层压或热涂层与结构层连接。
根据一个实施方案，功能层通过后涂覆、后共挤出、层压或热涂层与预制结构层相连，尤其是在结构层生产后的附加步骤中。在本实施方案中，可在结构层上施加增附剂层，然后将功能层施加在结构层上的增附剂层上，尤其是通过后涂覆。同样，在本实施方案中，也可以在功能层上施加增附剂层，然后将结构层施加在功能层上的增附剂层上，尤其是通过后涂覆。
根据另一个实施方案，结构层和功能层是预制的。在此实施方案中，预制结构层和预制功能层可以通过层压方式相互连接。在本实施方案中，可在结构层和/或功能层上施加增附剂层。
增附剂层尤其可采用共挤出、挤出，优选是后共挤出或通过施加含增附剂的液体施加在结构层和/或功能层上。
在生产封边条时，可以同时生产多条封边条。在这种情况下，首先在第一步生产出宽度为10mm至800mm，优选为10mm至500mm，特别优选为20mm至420mm的带材，然后将带材切割成具有上述宽度的封边条。
在根据本发明将本发明封边条固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上的方法中，功能层在激光辐射、微波辐射、超声波、红外线辐射、等离子体和热空气中至少一种的作用下被激活。
如果使用激光辐射来激活功能层，激光辐射的能量密度可以是5J/cm2至50J/cm2，优选是10J/cm2至30J/cm2，优选是15J/cm2至25J/cm2。激光功率尤其取决于功能层的颜色。颜色较深的功能层需要较低的激光功率。
如果使用热空气激活功能层，热空气的温度优选在300℃至650℃之间。热空气的压力优选在2bar至6bar之间。
如果使用机器将封边条固定在工件的窄侧上，机器的进给速度优选为3m/min至80m/min，尤其是3m/min至30m/min，尤其是10m/min至20m/min。
在根据本发明的应用中，上述功能层用作带状热熔粘合剂，优选用于将条或带固定在工件的窄侧上。工件尤其可以是家具件或家具面板。
在根据本发明的应用中优选固定在工件窄边上的条优选是由上述结构层材料制成的条。优选在根据本发明的应用中固定在工件窄侧上的带优选是由上述针对结构层所述材料制成的带。上述关于结构层的说明优选相应也适用于根据本发明的应用中的条和/或带。
在根据本发明的应用中，功能层类似于双面胶带使用，其被激活以产生粘合效果。在根据本发明的应用中，带状热熔粘合剂可以由一个或多个上述功能层组成，例如两个、三个或四个功能层。带状热熔粘合剂优选正好由一个上述功能层组成。上述关于根据本发明的封边条的功能层的说明，尤其是关于聚丙烯均聚物、聚乙烯均聚物、厚度、填料、添加剂和能量吸收添加物的说明，优选相应地适用于本应用中的带状热熔粘合剂。
根据本发明的工件，尤其是家具件，包括根据本发明的封边条。封边条可以通过根据本发明的用于将根据本发明的封边条固定在工件窄侧上的方法附接在工件上。
本发明还涉及一种带状热熔粘合剂，用于将条或带固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中热熔粘合剂含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物。
上文在根据本发明的应用中对条和带所做的说明优选也适用于根据本发明的带状热熔粘合剂的条和带。上文关于根据本发明的封边条的功能层的说明，尤其是关于聚丙烯均聚物、聚乙烯均聚物、厚度、填料、添加剂和能量吸收添加物的说明，优选相应地适用于根据本发明的带状热熔粘合剂。
具体实施方式
材料
PPH：聚丙烯均聚物(Polypropylene homopolymer)，根据ISO 11357-3标准，其熔化温度(DSC)为158℃，并且根据ISO 1133-1标准，在230℃，重量为2.16kg的条件下，其熔体流动指数为1200g/10min。
PE1：低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)，根据ISO 1183-1，其熔化温度为180至230℃，密度为0.918g/cm3，根据ISO 868，其邵氏D硬度为45，并且根据ISO 1133-1标准，在190℃，重量为2.16kg的条件下，其熔体流动指数为65g/10min。
PE2：茂金属线性低密度聚乙烯(m-LLDPE)，根据ASTM D1505，其密度为0.918g/cm3，并且根据ASTM D1238，在190℃，重量为2.16kg的条件下，其熔体流动指数为1g/10min。
FS黑色染料。
方法：
通过共挤出方法生产出具有染成黑色的功能层和宽度为23mm的结构层的封边条。厚度为2mm的结构层由丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯制成。功能层的厚度为0.2mm。不同功能层的组成在下表1中列出。
表1：所生产的具有由丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯制成的结构层的封边条。功能层成分的含量分别以重量％给出
针对表1的说明：aIHS-成分；b比较例。
封边条1至6通过激光活化固定在厚度为18mm的中密度纤维板和刨花板上。使用2bar的机器压力和在18m/min的进给速度下，将封边条连同活化的功能层一起气动地压到中密度纤维板和刨花板的窄侧上。激光活化以如表2和表3所示的能量密度进行。使用HomagPROFI KAL330/9/A3/L(2013)将封边条附接到面板上。
表2和表3汇总了封边条1至6的平均剥离强度。
在安装到面板上的所有封边条中，封边条都突出到窄侧之外。通过机械加工去除了突出部分，因此面板没有台阶地与封边条连接。
表2：在使用不同能量密度激活功能层时，与刨花板相连的封边条的N/mm为单位的剥离强度。
针对表2说明：a-根据DIN EN 1464:2010-06确定的剥离强度；bnb-未确定；c激活封边条时使用的能量密度；d比较例。
表3：在使用不同能量密度激活功能层时，与中密度纤维板相连的封边条的N/mm为单位的剥离强度。
针对表3的说明：a-根据DIN EN 1464:2010-06确定的剥离强度；bnb-未确定；c激活封边条时使用的能量密度；d比较例。
从表2和表3中可以看出，与具有仅含聚丙烯均聚物的功能层的封边条相比，具有含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的功能层的封边条在刨花板面板上的剥离强度至少相当，甚至更高，同时在MDF板上的剥离强度更高。此外，表2和表3显示，在用于激活功能层的许多不同能量密度下，针对封边条2至6都能获得较高的剥离强度。因此，封边条2至6在将封边条粘贴到家具件上时具有较大的加工窗口。

Claims (25)

1.封边条，尤其是用于家具件，所述封边条包括结构层和至少一个与该结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件、尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层包含聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的封边条，其特征在于，根据DIN ENISO 1133-1，尤其是DINENISO 1133-1:2021-03，在230℃、重量为2.16千克的条件下测量，聚丙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数为100g/10min或以上，优选150g/10min或以上，更优选200g/10min或以上。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，根据DIN ENISO 1133-1，在230℃、重量为2.16千克的条件下测量，聚丙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数为1200g/10min或更低，优选900g/10min或更低，更优选700g/10min或更低，特别优选500g/10min或更低。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，根据DIN ENISO 1133-1，尤其是DIN ENISO 1133-1:2021-03，在190℃、重量为2.16kg的条件下测量，聚乙烯均聚物的熔体流动指数为200g/10min或更低，优选150g/10min或更低，更优选130g/10min或更低，甚至更优选100g/10min或更低，特别优选70g/10min或更低。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，聚乙烯均聚物是PE-LD，优选是PE-LLD，和/或密度为0.900g/cm3至0.940g/cm3，优选是0.910g/cm3至0.936g/cm3，和/或是茂金属聚乙烯均聚物。
6.根据前述任一权利要求所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层的厚度为0.05mm至5mm，优选0.05mm至2mm，更优选0.05mm至1mm，特别优选0.1mm至0.25mm。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，基于功能层的总质量，功能层含有40重量％至99重量％，优选55重量％至95重量％，更优选70重量％至95重量％，特别优选80重量％至95重量％的聚丙烯均聚物。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条材，其特征在于，基于功能层的总质量，功能层含有0.1重量％至40重量％，优选0.1重量％至30重量％，更优选0.1至25重量％，进一步优选1重量％至20重量％，特别优选1重量％至10重量％的聚乙烯均聚物。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层含有至少一种填料。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层含有至少一种填料，该填料选自基于天然纤维的填料，尤其是木纤维、麻纤维、竹纤维、西沙尔麻纤维、稻壳或椰子纤维；矿物填料，尤其是滑石、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、白云石、二氧化硅、云母、高岭土、硅藻土、玻璃、硅灰石、硫酸钙、埃洛石或氧化锌；以及它们的混合物，尤其是其含量为1重量％至40重量％，优选为1重量％至35重量％，更优选1重量％至25重量％，特别优选1重量％至10重量％，基于功能层的总质量。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层含有选自抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、尤其是受阻胺光稳定剂(HALS)、颜料、染料、防滑剂、防粘连剂、光稳定剂及其混合物的添加剂。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层含有能量吸收添加物，优选光吸收和/或辐射吸收添加物，进一步优选激光吸收添加物。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，结构层由包含纸、纸板、层板、连续压力层压板(CPL)或热塑性材料的材料制成，优选由含有热塑性材料，进一步优选热塑性聚合物，特别优选选自以下组别的热塑性聚合物的材料制成：木塑复合材料、聚乙烯、来自生物基物质的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、来自生物基物质的聚丙烯、聚乳酸、淀粉、热塑性淀粉、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、烯烃基热塑性弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯、热塑性共聚酯、苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，如苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-共-丁二烯-共-苯乙烯)、热塑性共聚酰胺及其混合物。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层通过共挤出与结构层连接。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，功能层通过后涂覆、后共挤出、层压或热涂层与结构层连接。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封边条，其特征在于，在功能层和结构层之间布置有增附剂层。
17.用于生产封边条，尤其是用于家具件的封边条的方法，该封边条包括结构层和至少一个与结构层相连的功能层，用于将封边条固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其中功能层含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物，所述方法具有以下步骤
a.模塑、尤其是挤出至少一个含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物的功能层，
b.模塑、尤其是挤出结构层，以及
c.将功能层与结构层连接。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，功能层由权利要求2至12的至少一个进一步特征所定义，和/或结构层由权利要求13的至少一个特征所定义，和/或所述方法是用于生产根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述封边条的方法。
19.根据权利要求17和18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，功能层通过共挤出与结构层相连，或功能层通过后涂覆、后共挤出、层压或热涂层与结构层相连。
20.根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在结构层和功能层之间布置有增附剂层，尤其是在结构层和/或功能层上施加增附剂层，优选是通过共挤出、挤出，尤其是后共挤出，或通过施加含增附剂的液体。
21.用于将根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的封边条固定到工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上的方法，其中功能层在激光辐射、微波辐射、超声波、红外辐射、等离子体和热空气中的至少一种的作用下被激活。
22.将如权利要求1至12中任一项所定义的功能层用作带状热熔粘合剂的应用，尤其是在将条或带，尤其是由权利要求13所述材料制成的条或带，固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上时。
23.包括根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的封边条的工件，尤其是家具件。
24.带状热熔粘合剂，用于将条或带固定在工件，尤其是家具件的窄侧上，其特征在于，所述热熔粘合剂含有聚丙烯均聚物和聚乙烯均聚物。
25.根据权利要求24所述的热熔粘合剂，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的功能层的至少一个特征。
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