CN117794764A - 用于运行用于混合动力驱动器的电气车辆网络的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于运行用于混合动力驱动器的电气车辆网络的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN117794764A
CN117794764A CN202280053831.8A CN202280053831A CN117794764A CN 117794764 A CN117794764 A CN 117794764A CN 202280053831 A CN202280053831 A CN 202280053831A CN 117794764 A CN117794764 A CN 117794764A
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hybrid drive
combustion engine
internal combustion
energy store
electric machine
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S·格拉德夫
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/192—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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    • B60W30/192—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine
    • B60W30/194—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine related to low temperature conditions, e.g. high viscosity of hydraulic fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/0097—Predicting future conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F02N11/0818—Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
    • F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/20—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method
    • F02N2300/2002—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method using different starting modes, methods, or actuators depending on circumstances, e.g. engine temperature or component wear
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

在此描述一种用于运行电气车辆网络(200)的装置(101)，所述电气车辆网络包括带有第一蓄能器(105)和电机(103)的第一子网络(210)和带有第二蓄能器(106)的第二子网络(220)。电机(103)是混合动力驱动器的一部分且构成为启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机(102)。装置(101)设立为：确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)。装置(101)此外设立为：实现：如果确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。

Description

用于运行用于混合动力驱动器的电气车辆网络的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于运行用于混合动力驱动器的电气车辆网络、特别是用于启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机的方法和一种相应的装置。
背景技术
车辆可以具有包括内燃机和电机的混合动力驱动器，两者都可以用于驱动车辆。电机还可以用于，在车辆减速的情况下回收利用电能。
车辆此外具有包括用于存储电能的第一蓄能器的电气车辆网络，利用该电能可以运行电机，和/或该电能被电机回收利用。第一蓄能器可以设置在车辆网络(Bordnetz)的第一子网络中，其中，第一子网络具有第一额定电压(例如48V或更高)。
电气车辆网络此外可以包括第二子网络，其具有第二额定电压，第二额定电压通常小于第一额定电压。第二额定电压可以为例如12V。第二子网络可以具有第二蓄能器，其特别是用于支持第二子网络中的电压和/或给第二子网络中的电气负载供电。
发明内容
本文涉及如下技术任务，即，能实现尽可能高能效地运行具有混合动力驱动器的车辆。
该任务通过独立权利要求中的每个解决。有利的实施方式此外在从属权利要求中描述。在此指出：与独立权利要求有关的权利要求的附加特征在没有独立权利要求的特征或者仅仅与独立权利要求的部分数量的特征结合的情况下，可以形成自身的且与独立权利要求的全部特征的组合无关的发明，该发明可以成为独立权利要求、分案申请或后续申请的技术方案。这以相同的方式适用于在说明书中描述的技术教导，该技术教导可以形成与独立权利要求的特征无关的发明。
按照一个方面描述一种用于运行电气车辆网络的装置。电气车辆网络可以是机动车的一部分。电气车辆网络包括带有第一蓄能器(特别是电化学蓄能器、例如锂离子储能器)和电机(特别是电动机)的第一子网络。此外，车辆网络包括带有第二蓄能器(特别是电化学蓄能器、例如锂离子储能器或铅酸蓄电池)的第二子网络。
车辆网络此外可以包括直流变压器，其设立为，将电能从第二子网络转移到第一子网络中。第一子网络在此可以具有第一额定电压且第二子网络可以具有不同的第二额定电压，其中，第二额定电压通常小于第一额定电压。第一额定电压可以为例如48V或更大、或者300V或更大。第二额定电压可以为18V或更小、特别是12V。
电机是混合动力驱动器(例如用于机动车的混合动力驱动器)的一部分。此外电机构成为：启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机(例如汽油发动机)。特别是可以通过电机实现内燃机的冷启动(在温度等于或小于温度阈值的情况下)。
装置可以设立为：确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机以便启动内燃机(例如是否必须实现内燃机的冷启动)。装置可以特别是设立为：在混合动力驱动器的关闭过程期间(亦即在关闭或停止混合动力驱动器期间)和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间：确定：对于混合动力驱动器的(直接紧接着关闭过程)后续启动是否必须运行电机以便启动内燃机。
出于该目的装置可以设立为：求取关于内燃机的温度的温度数据和/或关于内燃机的(直接)环境的温度的温度数据。根据混合动力驱动器和/或车辆的温度传感器可以求取温度数据。在混合动力驱动器的关闭过程期间和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间可以求取温度数据。
随后可以通过可靠的方式基于温度数据确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机以便启动内燃机。出于该目的可以将通过温度数据示出的温度与温度阈值进行比较。
装置此外设立为，实现：如果确定对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机以便启动内燃机，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器转充到第一蓄能器中。特别是可以使得车辆网络的直流变压器：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器转充到第一蓄能器中。转充在此可以在混合动力驱动器的关闭过程期间和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间实现。
因此描述一种装置，其设立为，在需要时(在混合动力驱动器的关闭过程期间和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间、亦即在混合动力驱动器不运行期间)为冷启动做准备而将能量传输到车辆网络的第一蓄能器中。这能实现，将第一蓄能器在混合动力驱动器的运行期间完全用于电能的循环的提取和吸收(回收利用)。如此可以通过有效和可靠的方式提高混合动力驱动器的能效。
装置可以设立为，基于温度数据确定：内燃机的温度和/或内燃机的环境的温度小于或等于温度阈值(例如10℃或更小，或者0℃或更小)。基于此可以确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机以便启动内燃机。特别是可以作为对此的反应实现：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器转充到第一蓄能器中。如此可以通过特别有效和可靠的方式运行车辆网络和/或混合动力驱动器。
装置可以构成为，求取从第一蓄能器的实际充电状态出发对于电机的运行以用于启动内燃机仍需要的能量的量。随后可以实现：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备(仅仅)将所求取的能量的量从第二蓄能器转充到第一蓄能器中。因此可以实现：仅仅正好转充对于后续的冷启动所需要的能量的量。如此可以进一步提高混合动力驱动器的能效。
按照另一方面描述一种(道路)机动车(特别是轿车或卡车或公共汽车)，其包括在本文中描述的装置。机动车可以是混合动力车辆、特别是MHEV(轻度混合动力电动汽车(Mild-Hybrid Electric Vehicle))。
车辆此外还包括：混合动力驱动器，其包括内燃机和电机；其中，电机构成为启动内燃机。此外车辆还包括电气车辆网络，其包括带有第一蓄能器和电机的第一子网络和带有第二蓄能器的第二子网络。
此外车辆，特别是在第二子网络中，不具有用于启动内燃机的单独的启动器。通过电机作为启动器的(高能效的)使用因此可以(在第二子网络中)省去单独的启动器。如此可以降低车辆的成本、重量和需要的结构空间。
按照另一方面描述一种用于运行电气车辆网络的方法，所述电气车辆网络包括带有第一蓄能器和电机的第一子网络和带有第二蓄能器的第二子网络。电机是混合动力驱动器的一部分且构成为启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机。
方法包括：确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机以便启动内燃机。此外方法包括：实现：如果确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机以便启动内燃机，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器转充到第一蓄能器中。
按照另一方面描述一种软件(SW)程序。SW程序可以设立为，在处理器上(例如在车辆的控制装置上)被执行，且由此执行在本文中描述的方法。
按照另一方面描述一种存储介质。存储介质可以包括SW程序，其设立为，在处理器上被执行，且由此执行在本文中描述的方法。
应注意的是，在本文中描述的方法、装置和系统不仅可以单独地使用而且可以与在本文中描述的其他方法、装置和系统相组合地使用。此外，在本文中描述的方法、装置和系统的每个方面可以通过多种方式相互组合。特别是，权利要求的特征可以通过多种方式相互组合。
附图说明
此外根据实施例进一步描述本发明。附图示出：
图1示出具有混合动力驱动器的示例性车辆；
图2示出用于具有混合动力驱动器的车辆的示例性电气车辆网络；以及
图3示出用于运行电气车辆网络的示例性方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
如上所述，本文涉及提高具有混合动力驱动器的车辆的能效。就此而言，图1示出示例性车辆100，其包括内燃机102和电机103，两者构成为驱动车辆100。车辆100可以具有电气推动的小齿轮启动器104，其构成为启动内燃机102。此外，车辆100可以具有(作为车辆100的电气车辆网络的第一子网络的一部分)电气的第一蓄能器105，其设立为存储用于运行电机103的电能；和/或设立为存储从电机103回收利用的电能。
此外，车辆100可以具有电气的第二蓄能器106(作为车辆100的电气车辆网络的第二子网络的一部分)，其设立为，存储用于车辆100的一个或多个电气负载、特别是用于小齿轮启动器104的电能。
车辆100此外包括(控制)装置101，其设立为，控制车辆100的不同组件，例如内燃机102、电机103、小齿轮启动器104，等。
图2示出车辆100的示例性的电气车辆网络200，包括第一子网络210(其以例如48V或更大的第一额定电压运行)和第二子网络220(其以例如12V或更小的第二额定电压运行)。第一蓄能器105和电机103可以设置在第一子网络210中。第二蓄能器106、可选的小齿轮启动器104以及一个或多个另外的电气负载221(如例如座椅加热器、空调设备、信息娱乐系统)可以设置在第二子网络220中。
电气车辆网络200可以具有直流变压器201，其设立为，将电能从第一子网络210转移到第二子网络220中和/或从第二子网络220转移到第一子网络210中。
混合动力驱动器的(驱动)电机103可以用作用于混合动力驱动器的内燃机102的启动器。这具有如下优点，即，必要时可以省去小齿轮启动器104，由此可以降低成本、重量和结构空间。另一方面，在这种情况下通常必须将在第一蓄能器103中用于运行电机103所确定的能量储备设为用于内燃机102的启动器，特别是在冬季用于内燃机102的冷启动。通过恒定地维持的能量储备，第一蓄能器103的剩余的容量下降，该剩余容量在混合动力驱动器的运行期间可以被循环使用(zyklisiert)，以便重复地回收利用电能且将其消耗用于车辆100的驱动。换言之，电机103用作用于内燃机102的启动器通常导致降低混合动力驱动器的能效。
车辆100的(控制)装置可以设立为，在需要的情况下利用在第二蓄能器106中存储的电能的至少一部分来运行电机103以用于启动内燃机102。这能实现：省去在第一蓄能器103中恒定地维持的能量储备，从而在混合动力驱动器的运行期间第一蓄能器103的所提高的容量可用于循环使用。如此可以特别是在冬季提高混合动力驱动器的能效。
(控制)装置101可以设立为，求取车辆100的温度传感器107的温度数据，其中，温度传感器107构成为检测关于车辆100的环境温度的温度数据和/或关于内燃机102的温度的温度数据。此外，装置101可以设立为，基于温度数据确定：电机103的运行对于内燃机102的(冷)启动是否是需要的。例如在停放车辆100时和/或在车辆100的停车过程期间可以检查这一点。
如果确定：需要电机103以用于内燃机102的(后续的)启动，那么可以在需要的情况下将电能经由直流变压器201从第二蓄能器106转充到第一蓄能器105中，以便保证：在第一蓄能器105中存储了足够的电能用于电机103的运行以用于启动内燃机102。电能的转充在此可以在不存在用于启动混合动力驱动器和/或内燃机102的具体要求的情况下和/或在该要求存在之前实现。
为了能实现来自第一子网络210的冷启动(例如48V冷启动)和/或来自第一子网络210的切换能力(例如48V切换能力)，因此可以实现从第二蓄能器106(例如从12V电池)再充到第一蓄能器105(例如在48V电池中)中。这例如可以在停放车辆100时在相对冷的温度下实现(例如如果测量的温度小于或等于温度阈值)。
为了拦截出乎意料的温度骤降，装置101可以设立为(在停车过程期间)，在低于温度阈值的情况下唤醒车辆100，以便从第二蓄能器106再充第一蓄能器105。
如此可以通过有效且可靠的方式实现混合动力驱动器的冷启动(即使不存在小齿轮启动器104)。此外可以如此提高混合动力驱动器的能效。
图3示出用于运行电气车辆网络200的(必要时计算机实现的)方法300的流程图。电气车辆网络200包括带有第一蓄能器105(基于锂离子的蓄能器)和电机103的第一子网络210。此外，电气车辆网络200包括带有第二蓄能器106(例如铅酸蓄电池或基于锂离子的储能器)的第二子网络220。第二蓄能器106的第二额定电压通常小于第一蓄能器105的第一额定电压。
(驱动)电机103是混合动力驱动器的一部分且构成为：启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机102(例如汽油发动机)。特别是电机103可以用于内燃机102的冷启动(在温度低于确定的温度阈值时)。
方法300包括：确定301：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机103以便启动内燃机102。例如可以在关闭混合动力驱动器时和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间识别到：温度如此低，使得可能需要电机103的帮助以用于启动内燃机102。
方法300此外包括：实现302：如果(特别是仅仅当)确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机103以便启动内燃机102，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器106转充到第一蓄能器105中。因此可以通过选择性的方式将电能从第二蓄能器106转充到第一蓄能器105中(在混合动力驱动器被关闭期间或处于关闭期间)。转充在此可以在时间上在用于启动混合动力驱动器和/或内燃机102的具体要求之前和/或与之无关地实现。如此可以通过有效且可靠的方式为混合动力驱动器的后续冷启动做准备。
本发明不限于示出的实施例。特别是应注意的是：说明和附图仅仅应示例性地阐明所提出的方法、装置和系统的原理。

Claims (10)

1.用于运行电气车辆网络(200)的装置(101)，所述电气车辆网络包括带有第一蓄能器(105)和电机(103)的第一子网络(210)以及带有第二蓄能器(106)的第二子网络(220)；其中，电机(103)是混合动力驱动器的一部分且构成为：启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机(102)；其中，所述装置(101)设立为：
-确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)；以及
-实现：如果确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置(101)，其中，所述装置(101)设立为，
-求取关于内燃机(102)的温度和/或关于内燃机(102)的环境的温度的温度数据；以及
-基于温度数据确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置(101)，其中，所述装置(101)设立为，
-基于温度数据确定：内燃机(102)和/或内燃机(102)的环境的温度是否小于或等于温度阈值；以及
-作为对此的反应而实现：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的装置(101)，其中，所述装置(101)设立为，在混合动力驱动器的关闭过程期间和/或在混合动力驱动器处于关闭期间：
-确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)；和/或
-实现：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的装置(101)，其中，
-所述电气车辆网络(200)包括直流变压器(201)，所述直流变压器设立为，将电能从第二子网络(220)转移到第一子网络(210)中；以及
-所述装置(101)设立为，使得所述直流变压器(210)为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
6.根据上述权利要求之一所述的装置(101)，其中，
-第一子网络(210)具有48V或更大的第一额定电压；和/或
-第二子网络(220)具有18V或更小、特别是12V的第二额定电压；和/或
-混合动力驱动器构成为机动车(100)的驱动器。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的装置(101)，其中，所述装置(101)构成为，
-求取从第一蓄能器(105)的实际充电状态出发对于电机(103)的运行以用于启动内燃机(102)仍需要的能量的量；以及
-实现：为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将所求取的能量的量从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
8.车辆(100)，所述车辆包括：
-混合动力驱动器，其包括内燃机(102)和电机(103)；其中，所述电机(103)构成为启动内燃机(102)；
-电气车辆网络(200)，其包括带有第一蓄能器(105)和所述电机(103)的第一子网络(210)和带有第二蓄能器(106)的第二子网络(220)；以及
根据上述权利要求之一所述的用于运行电气车辆网络(200)的装置(101)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆(100)，其中，所述车辆(100)，特别是在第二子网络(220)中，不具有用于启动内燃机(102)的单独的启动器(104)。
10.用于运行电气车辆网络(200)的方法(300)，所述电气车辆网络包括带有第一蓄能器(105)和电机(103)的第一子网络(210)以及带有第二蓄能器(106)的第二子网络(220)；其中，电机(103)是混合动力驱动器的一部分且构成为启动混合动力驱动器的内燃机(102)；所述方法(300)包括：
-确定(301)：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动是否必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)；以及
-实现(302)：如果确定：对于混合动力驱动器的后续启动必须运行电机(103)以便启动内燃机(102)，则为混合动力驱动器的后续启动做准备而将电能从第二蓄能器(106)转充到第一蓄能器(105)中。
CN202280053831.8A 2021-08-02 2022-07-26 用于运行用于混合动力驱动器的电气车辆网络的方法和装置 Pending CN117794764A (zh)

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