CN117776987A - 苯并[7]环烯类衍生物、包含其的药物组合物及其医药用途 - Google Patents
苯并[7]环烯类衍生物、包含其的药物组合物及其医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117776987A CN117776987A CN202311239211.6A CN202311239211A CN117776987A CN 117776987 A CN117776987 A CN 117776987A CN 202311239211 A CN202311239211 A CN 202311239211A CN 117776987 A CN117776987 A CN 117776987A
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Abstract
本发明提供了以下化合物(I)或者其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N‑氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,以及含有本发明的化合物的药物组合物,还提供本发明化合物作为2α型缺氧诱导因子(HIF‑2α)抑制剂的用途,以及在与2α型缺氧诱导因子相关疾病药物制备中的应用,及相应的药物组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及一种苯并[7]环烯类衍生物,具体涉及一种作为2α型缺氧诱导因子(hypoxia inducible factor-2α,HIF-2α)抑制剂的苯并[7]环烯类衍生物、及用途。
背景技术
肾癌又称肾细胞癌,是全球范围内最常见的10种癌症之一,也是泌尿系统最致命的肿瘤之一,组织病理学将肾癌区分为三种主要亚型:透明细胞肾细胞癌(ccRCC,70-75%),乳头状肾细胞癌(pRCC,10-16%)和嗜铬肾细胞癌(chRCC,5%),每个亚型都与一个单独的遗传综合征相关,因此治疗方法也不同。
透明细胞肾细胞癌是最常见的肾脏恶性肿瘤,约占肾癌的90%。据美国癌症协会估计,全球每年新增肾癌40.3万例,死亡17.5万例;在中国,每年新增患者约6.68万例,死亡2.34万例。据中国国家癌症谱统计显示,肾脏发病率在过去20年间,以平均每年6.5%的速度增长,在泌尿系统肿瘤相关死亡中已经超过膀胱癌位居第一。肾癌可发病于各年龄段人群,高发年龄主要在50-70岁。由于肾脏的位置比较隐蔽,加之肾癌早期无明显临床症状,大多数肾癌患者在诊断时就已经存在转移,肾癌一旦出现转移(晚期)预后往往很差,5年生存率不足10%。而且与前列腺癌、膀胱癌等不同,其对于放疗与化疗都不敏感,这也成为以往肾癌治疗的最大挑战。因此,发现新颖且确证治疗肾癌特异性药物作用靶标是一项意义重大的工作。
缺氧诱导因子简称HIF,是感应氧浓度变化的关键,其家族成元包括HIF-1α、HIF-1β、HIF-2α、HIF-2β、HIF-3α、HIF-3β。HIF-2α活性异常是透明细胞肾细胞癌(ccRCC)等癌症的关键致癌驱动因素。在有氧条件下,脯氨酰羟化酶(PHD)可以对HIF-2α进行翻译后修饰,使其保守脯氨酸残基被羟基化,进而与VHL复合物(pVHL)结合并多聚泛素化HIF-2α,接着介导其降解,使得细胞内的HIF-2α维持低表达水平。在缺氧条件下,HIF-2α无法被羟基化,导致其无法与pVHL识别,因此得以积累并与HIF-1β形成二聚体,随后转移到细胞核内,在核内与辅因子CBP/p300和Pol II复合物等相互作用,并与HRE(缺氧反应元件)结合,由此激活下游靶基因的表达(VEGF-促进血管生成;GLUT1(葡萄糖转运蛋白-1)-激活葡萄糖转运;LDHA(乳酸脱氢酶)-参与糖酵解途径;和Epo-诱导红细胞生成等)。其中最明显的是RCC,有90%的RCC缺失VHL(Von Hippel-Lindau)的E3链接酶、导致HIF降解失控。因此,天生缺失部分VHL功能人群,肾癌风险高于正常人群,这类肾癌称为希佩尔-林道综合征(Von Hippel-LindauSyndrome,VHL综合征)。HIF-2α抑制剂可以治疗/预防HIF-2α过表达引起的疾病,例如肾细胞癌。
Belzutifan(PT2977)是美国FDA于2021年批准的HIF-2α抑制剂,用于治疗希佩尔-林道综合征成人患者。
Belzutifan是第一款也是唯一一个HIF-2α抑制剂,产业界仍然认为开发一款新的HIF-2α抑制剂非常必要且存在社会意义。
发明内容
本发明的发明人发现,具有以下式(I)所示的结构的化合物在细胞水平的药物筛选模型中具有良好的2α型缺氧诱导因子抑制活性。具体而言,本发明提供以下式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物或者其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,
Y1、Y2、Y3、Y4及Y5各自独立地选自CR2R3、NR4、CR6R7、NR7、S、O、SO2中的一种;且Y1、Y2、Y3、Y4及Y5中至少一个为CR6R7或NR7;R2~R7之间的任意两个可以连接形成取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基;
Y1~Y5之间的碳碳键在式中是示意性的表述,可以是单键也可以是双键;只要是按照合理的化学计量形成环即可,
W1、W2及W3各自独立地选自CR5或N,W4选自CR1或N;
R1选自由H、卤素、羟基、CN、NO2、-NRaRb、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-S(O)2NRaRb中的一种;
各R2及R3各自独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-NRaRb中的一种;各R4独立地选自H、C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基及-C(O)Ra;各R5独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-NRaRb中的一种;R6选自H、C1-4烷基、OH、F及CN;
R7为式(a)或式(b)表示的基团:
X1为N、S或CR8a;X2为N或CR8b;X3为N或C,当X3为N时R11不存在;R8a及R8b独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-6环烷基、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra中的一种;R8b可以与R11之间形成取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基;
R9及R10独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra;各Ra及Rb独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基及C1-8羟烷基,
或者,
R9及R10组合形成取代或未取代的5元碳环或杂环、取代或未取代的6元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
R11选自由以下组成的组:H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-PORcRb、-C(O)NRcRb、-N=S(O)RcRb、-N=S(O)2Rb、-S(O)2NRcRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Rc、-S(O)2Rc及取代或未取代的5元或6元杂环或杂芳基环;
Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基及C1-8羟烷基中的一种;Rc选自H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基、C1-8羟烷基、取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基及取代或未取代的5元或6元杂芳基中的一种;Rb和Rc之间可以连接形成取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基,
或者,
R10及R11组合形成取代或未取代的5元碳环或杂环、取代或未取代的6元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
或者,
R9,R10及R11组合形成取代或未取代的9-11元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
表示与母核连接的位置,“—”划过的环结构的表达方式,表示连接位点于该环结构上任意能够成键的位置,
上述的取代或未取代是指基团中的H被选自卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基及-NRaRb中的一种或者至少两种的组合以上的基团所取代,或者指基团中的-CH2-中的两个H被替换成氧代=O。
在本发明优选的实施方式中,式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物具有以下式(II)或者式(III)所述的结构,
式(II)和式(III)中,R11、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、W1、W2、W3、W4与式(I)中表示的意义相同,
R9及R10各自独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra中的一种;
m为1~8的整数,n为1~3的整数,
m为多个时,各Rz可以相同也可以不同,Rz各自独立地表示H、卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基及-NRaRb;或两个Rz之间可以连接形成环结构,或者,同一个碳原子上的两个Rz被替换成氧代=O;
各Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3卤代烷基、C1-3卤代烷氧基及C1-3羟烷基。
在本发明优选的实施方式中,式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物具有以下式(V)所述的结构,
式(V)中,R11、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、W2、W3、W4与式(I)中表示的意义相同,
R12、R13、R14及R15各独立地选自H、卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基及-NRaRb中的一种,Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3卤代烷基、C1-3卤代烷氧基及C1-3羟烷基。
在本发明优选的实施方式中,R11为以下基团表示与母核连接的位置,
在本发明优选的实施方式中,W2和W4为-CHal-基团,Hal代表卤原子,R12、R13、R14及R15中至少有一个为卤原子。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含预防或治疗有效量的式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药, 以及药学上可接受的载体,所述药物组合物优选为固体制剂、半固体制剂、液体制剂或气态制剂。
本发明的一个实施方式中,所述的药物组合物的剂型为口服剂型或注射剂,所述口服剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或酊剂;所述注射剂包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液,和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药无菌粉末。
本发明提供上述化合物以及药物组合物作为治疗或者预防癌症、炎症性疾病、免疫相关疾病的用途,这些疾病都与2α型缺氧诱导因子密切相关,调控2α型缺氧诱导因子具有这些疾病的治疗前景。
具体而言,所述癌症为以下的癌症:前列腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫癌、脑癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌、睪丸癌、头癌、颈癌、皮肤(包括黑素瘤及基底癌)癌、间皮内膜癌、白血球癌、食道癌、乳房癌、肌肉癌、结缔组织癌、肠癌、肺癌、肾上腺癌、甲状腺癌、肾或骨;神经胶母细胞瘤癌、间皮瘤癌、肾细胞癌、透明细胞肾细胞癌、胃癌、肉瘤、卡波西氏肉瘤、绒毛膜癌、皮肤基底细胞癌或睪丸精原细胞瘤;所述的炎症选自肺炎、肠炎、肾炎、关节炎、外伤感染;所述的代谢性疾病选自肥胖症、血脂异常、高脂质血症。
本发明化合物尤其适合肾细胞癌、透明细胞肾细胞癌的治疗。
以下说明本发明其他各要素进行更加详细的说明。
定义
除非在下文中另有定义,本文中所用的所有技术术语和科学术语的含义意图与本领域技术人元通常所理解的相同。提及本文中使用的技术意图指在本领域中通常所理解的技术,包括那些对本领域技术人元显而易见的技术的变化或等效技术的替换。虽然相信以下术语对于本领域技术人元很好理解,但仍然阐述以下定义以更好地解释本发明。
所谓的“包括”、“包含”、“具有”、“含有”或“涉及”及其在本文中的其它变体形式为包含性的(inclusive)或开放式的,且不排除其它未列举的元素或方法步骤。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“亚烷基”表示饱和二价烃基,优选表示具有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子的饱和二价烃基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基或亚丁基。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“烷基”定义为线性或支化饱和脂肪族烃。在一些实施方案中,烷基具有1至12个,例如1至6个碳原子。例如,如本文中所使用,所谓的“C1-6烷基”指1至6个碳原子的线性或支化的基团(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基或正己基),其任选地被1或多个(诸如1至3个)适合的取代基如卤素取代(此时该基团被称作“卤代烷基”)(例如CH2F、CHF2、CF3、CCl3、C2F5、C2Cl5、CH2CF3、CH2Cl或-CH2CH2CF3等)。所谓的“C1-4烷基”指1至4个碳原子的线性或支化的脂肪族烃链(即甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基)。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“烯基”意指线性的或支化的单价烃基,其包含一个双键,且具有2-6个碳原子(“C2-6烯基”)。所述烯基为例如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基和4-甲基-3-戊烯基。当本发明的化合物含有烯基时,所述化合物可以纯E(异侧(entgegen))形式、纯Z(同侧(zusammen))形式或其任意混合物形式存在。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“炔基”表示包含一个或多个三键的单价烃基,其优选具有2、3、4、5或6个碳原子,例如乙炔基或丙炔基。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“环烷基”指饱和的单环或多环(诸如双环)烃环(例如单环,诸如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环壬基,或双环,包括螺环、稠合或桥连系统(诸如双环[1.1.1]戊基、双环[2.2.1]庚基、双环[3.2.1]辛基或双环[5.2.0]壬基、十氢化萘基等)),其任选地被1或多个(诸如1至3个)适合的取代基取代。所述环烷基具有3至15个碳原子。例如,所谓的“C3-6环烷基”指3至6个成环碳原子的饱和的单环或多环(诸如双环)烃环(例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基),其任选地被1或多个(诸如1至3个)适合的取代基取代,例如甲基取代的环丙基。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“亚环烃基”、“环烃基”和“烃环”是指具有例如3-10个(适合地具有3-8个,更适合地具有3-6个)环碳原子的饱和(即,“亚环烷基”和“环烷基”)或不饱和的(即在环内具有一个或多个双键和/或三键)单环或多环烃环,其包括但不限于(亚)环丙基(环)、(亚)环丁基(环)、(亚)环戊基(环)、(亚)环己基(环)、(亚)环庚基(环)、(亚)环辛基(环)、(亚)环壬基(环)、(亚)环己烯基(环)等。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“杂环基”、“亚杂环基”和“杂环”是指具有例如3-10个(适合地具有3-8个,更适合地具有3-6个)环原子、其中至少一个环原子是选自N、O和S的杂原子且其余环原子是C的饱和(即,杂环烷基)或部分不饱和的(即在环内具有一个或多个双键和/或三键)环状基团。例如,“3-10元(亚)杂环(基)”是具有2-9个(如2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9个)环碳原子和独立地选自N、O和S的一个或多个(例如1个、2个、3个或4个)杂原子的饱和或部分不饱和(亚)杂环(基)。亚杂环基和杂环(基)的实例包括但不限于:(亚)环氧乙烷基、(亚)氮丙啶基、(亚)氮杂环丁基(azetidinyl)、(亚)氧杂环丁基(oxetanyl)、(亚)四氢呋喃基、(亚)二氧杂环戊烯基(dioxolinyl)、(亚)吡咯烷基、(亚)吡咯烷酮基、(亚)咪唑烷基、(亚)吡唑烷基、(亚)吡咯啉基、(亚)四氢吡喃基、(亚)哌啶基、(亚)吗啉基、(亚)二噻烷基(dithianyl)、(亚)硫吗啉基、(亚)哌嗪基或(亚)三噻烷基(trithianyl)。所述基团也涵盖双环系统,包括螺环、稠合或桥连系统(诸如8-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷、3,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷、2-氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷等)。亚杂环基和杂环(基)可任选地被一个或多个(例如1个、2个、3个或4个)适合的取代基取代。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“(亚)芳基”和“芳环”指具有共轭π电子系统的全碳单环或稠合环多环芳族基团。例如,如本文中所使用,所谓的“C6-10(亚)芳基”和“C6-10芳环”意指含有6至10个碳原子的芳族基团,诸如(亚)苯基(苯环)或(亚)萘基(萘环)。(亚)芳基和芳环任选地被1或多个(诸如1至3个)适合的取代基(例如卤素、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-6烷基等)取代。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“(亚)杂芳基”和“杂芳环”指单环、双环或三环芳族环系,其具有5、6、8、9、10、11、12、13或14个环原子,特别是1或2或3或4或5或6或9或10个碳原子,且其包含至少一个可以相同或不同的杂原子(所述杂原子是例如氧、氮或硫),并且,另外在每一种情况下可为苯并稠合的。特别地,“(亚)杂芳基”或“杂芳环”选自(亚)噻吩基、(亚)呋喃基、(亚)吡咯基、(亚)噁唑基、(亚)噻唑基、(亚)咪唑基、(亚)吡唑基、(亚)异噁唑基、(亚)异噻唑基、(亚)噁二唑基、(亚)三唑基、(亚)噻二唑基等,以及它们的苯并衍生物;或(亚)吡啶基、(亚)哒嗪基、(亚)嘧啶基、(亚)吡嗪基、(亚)三嗪基等,以及它们的苯并衍生物。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“芳烷基”优选表示芳基或杂芳基取代的烷基,其中所述芳基、杂芳基和烷基如本文中所定义。通常,所述芳基可具有6-14个碳原子,所述杂芳基可具有5-14个环原子,并且所述烷基可具有1-6个碳原子。示例性芳烷基包括但不限于苄基、苯基乙基、苯基丙基、苯基丁基。
作为更具体地术语解释如下:
“烷基”指饱和脂肪族烃基团,包括1-20个碳原子,或1-10个碳原子,或1-6个碳原子,或1-4个碳原子,或1-3个碳原子,或1-2个碳原子饱和直链或支链的单价烃基,其中烷基可以独立任选地被一个或多个本发明所描述地取代基所取代。烷基基团更近一步地实例包括,包括但不限于甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基等。烷基可以是任选取代或未取代的。
“烯基”指2-12个碳原子,或2-8个碳原子,或2-6个碳原子,或2-4个碳原子直链或支链的一价烃基,其中至少一个C-C为sp2双键,其中烯基的基团可以独立任选地被1个或多个本发明所描述的取代基所取代,其中具体的实例包括,但并不限于乙烯基、烯丙基和烯丁基等等。烯基可以是任选取代或未取代的。
“环烷基”是指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,环烷基环包括3至20个碳原子,优选包括3至12个碳原子,更优选包含3至6个碳原子。单环环烷基的非限制性实施例包括,但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基、环庚三烯基、环辛基等;多环环烷基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的环烷基。环烷基可以是任选取代的或未取代的。
“螺环烷基”指5至18元,两个或两个以上环状结构,且单环之间彼此共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环基团,环内含有1个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺环烷基分为单螺、双螺或多螺环烷基,优选为单螺和双螺环烷基,优选为4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元。“螺环烷基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“稠环烷基”指5至18元,含有两个或两个以上环状结构彼此公用一对碳原子的全碳多环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统,优选为6至12元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠环烷基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环烷基。“稠环烷基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“桥环烷基”指5至18元,含有两个或两个以上环状结构,彼此共用两个不直接相连接碳原子的全碳多环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统,优选为6至12元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥环烷基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为双环或三环。“桥环烷基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
所述环烷基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或杂环基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为环烷基,非限制性实施例包括茚满基、四氢萘基、苯并环庚烷基等。
“杂环基”、“杂环”或“杂环的”在本申请中可交换使用,本申请中可交换使用,都是指包含3-12个环原子的饱和或部分不饱和的单环、双环或三环的非芳香性杂环基,其中至少一个环原子原子是杂原子,如氧、氮、硫原子等。优选具有5至7元单环或7至10元双-或三环,其可以包含1,2或3个选自氮、氧和/或硫中的原子。“杂环基”的实例包括但不限于吗啉基,氧杂环丁烷基,硫代吗啉基,四氢吡喃基,1,1-二氧代-硫代吗啉基,哌啶基,2-氧代-哌啶基,吡咯烷基,2-氧代-吡咯烷基,哌嗪-2-酮,8-氧杂-3-氮杂-双环[3.2.1]辛基和哌嗪基。所述杂环基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂环基。杂环基可以是任选取代的或未取代的。
“螺杂环基”指5至18元,两个或两个以上环状结构,且单环之间彼此共用一个原子的多环基团,环内含有1个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统,其中一个或多个环原子选自氮、氧、硫或S(O)m的杂原子,其余环原子为碳,m=1或2。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺杂环基分为单螺杂环基、双螺杂环基或多螺杂环基,优选为单螺杂环基和双螺杂环基。更优选为4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺杂环基。“螺杂环基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“稠杂环基”指含有两个或两个以上环状结构彼此公用一对原子的全碳多环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统,其中一个或多个环原子选自氮、氧、硫或S(O)m的杂原子,其余环原子为碳,m=1或2。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠杂环基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环稠杂环基。“稠杂环基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“桥杂环基”指5至18元,含有两个或两个以上环状结构,彼此共用两个不直接相连接的原子的多环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子的芳香系统,其中一个或多个环原子选自氮、氧、硫或S(O)m的杂原子,其余环原子为碳,m=1或2。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥杂环基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为双环或三环。“桥杂环基”的非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“芳基”是指含有一个或者两个环的碳环芳香系统,其中所述环可以以稠合的方式连接在一起。所谓的“芳基”包括比如苯基、萘基、四氢萘基的芳香基团。优选芳基为C6-C10芳基,更优选芳基为苯基和萘基,最优选为苯基。芳基可以是取代或未取代的。所述“芳基”可与杂芳基、杂环基或环烷基稠合,其中与母体结构连接在一起的为芳基环,非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“杂芳基”是指芳香族5至6元单环或9至10元双环,其可以包含1至4个选自氮、氧和/或硫中的原子。“杂芳基”的实施例包括但不限于呋喃基,吡啶基,2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、噻吩基、异噁唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、咪唑基、吡咯基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并咪唑基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、1,3-二氧代-异吲哚基、喹啉基、吲唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁唑基和苯并异噁唑基。杂芳基可以是任选取代或未取代的。所述杂芳基环可以稠合于芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂芳基环,非限制性实施例包括但不限于:
“烷氧基”是指(烷基-O-)的基团。其中,烷基见本文有关定义。C1-C6的烷氧基为优先选择。其实例包括,但不限于:甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基等。
“卤代烷基”指具有一个或者多个卤素取代基的烷基,其中烷基基团具有如本发明所述的含义。卤代烷基的实例包括,但并不限于氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、全氟乙基、1,1-二氯乙基、1,2-二氯丙基等。
“羟基”指-OH基团。
“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴和碘,优选氟、氯和溴。
“氨基”指-NH2。
“氰基”指-CN。
“硝基”指-NO2。
“苄基”指-CH2-苯基。
“羧基”指-C(O)OH。
“乙酰基”指-C(O)CH3或Ac。
“羧酸酯基”指-C(O)O(烷基)或(环烷基),其中烷基、环烷基的定义如上所述。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“卤代”或“卤素”基团定义为包括F、Cl、Br或I。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“含氮杂环”指饱和或不饱和的单环或双环基团,其在环中具有2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12或13个碳原子和至少一个氮原子,其还可任选地包含一个或多个(例如一个、两个、三个或四个)选自N、O、C=O、S、S=O和S(=O)2的环成元,其通过所述含氮杂环中的氮原子以及任一其余环原子与分子的其余部分连接,所述含氮杂环任选地为苯并稠合的,并且优选通过所述含氮杂环中的氮原子以及所稠合的苯环中的任一碳原子与分子的其余部分连接。
所谓的“取代”指所指定的原子上的一个或多个(例如一个、两个、三个或四个)氢被从所指出的基团的选择代替,条件是未超过所指定的原子在当前情况下的正常原子价并且所述取代形成稳定的化合物。取代基和/或变量的组合仅仅当这种组合形成稳定的化合物时才是允许的。
如果取代基被描述为“任选地被取代”,则取代基可(1)未被取代或(2)被取代。如果取代基的碳被描述为任选地被取代基列表中的一个或多个取代,则碳上的一个或多个氢(至存在的任何氢的程度)可单独和/或一起被独立地选择的任选的取代基替代。如果取代基的氮被描述为任选地被取代基列表中的一个或多个取代,则氮上的一个或多个氢(至存在的任何氢的程度)可各自被独立地选择的任选的取代基替代。
如果取代基被描述为“独立地选自”一组,则各取代基独立于另一者被选择。因此,各取代基可与另一(其他)取代基相同或不同。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“一个或多个”意指在合理条件下的1个或超过1个,例如2个、3个、4个、5个或10个。
除非指明,否则如本文中所使用,取代基的连接点可来自取代基的任意适宜位置。
当取代基的键显示为穿过环中连接两个原子的键时,则这样的取代基可键连至该可取代的环中的任一成环原子。
本发明还包括所有药学上可接受的同位素标记的化合物,其与本发明的化合物相同,除了一个或多个原子被具有相同原子序数但原子质量或质量数不同于在自然界中占优势的原子质量或质量数的原子替代。适合包含入本发明的化合物中的同位素的实例包括(但不限于)氢的同位素(例如氘(2H)、氚(3H));碳的同位素(例如11C、13C及14C);氯的同位素(例如36Cl);氟的同位素(例如18F);碘的同位素(例如123I及125I);氮的同位素(例如13N及15N);氧的同位素(例如15O、17O及18O);磷的同位素(例如32P);及硫的同位素(例如35S)。某些同位素标记的本发明的化合物(例如掺入放射性同位素的那些)可用于药物和/或底物组织分布研究(例如分析)中。放射性同位素氚(即3H)及碳-14(即14C)因易于掺入且容易检测而特别可用于该目的。用正电子发射同位素(例如11C、18F、15O及13N)进行取代可在正电子发射断层显像术(PET)研究中用于检验底物受体占据情况。被同位素标记的本发明的化合物可通过与描述于随附路线和/或实施例及制备中的那些类似的方法通过使用适当的被同位素标记的试剂代替之前采用的非标记的试剂来制备。本发明的药学上可接受的溶剂合物包括其中结晶溶剂可被同位素取代的那些,例如,D2O、丙酮-d6或DMSO-d6。
“取代的”指基团中的一个或多个氢原子,优选为最多5个,更优选为1-3个氢原子彼此独立地被相应数目的取代基取代。不言而喻,取代基仅处在它们的可能的化学位置,本领域技术人元能够在不付出过多努力的情况下确定(通过实验或理论)可能或不可能的取代。例如,具有游离氢的氨基或羟基与具有不饱和(如烯属)键的碳原子结合时可能是不稳定的。
本说明书所述的“取代”或“取代的”,如无特别指出,均是指基团可被一个或多个选自以下的基团取代:烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、疏基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氨基、卤代烷基、羟烷基、羧基、羧酸酯基、=O、-C(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rb、-NRbRb、-C(O)NRbRb、-NRbC(O)Rb、-S(O)NRbRb或-S(O)2NRbRb,其中,Rb的定义如通式(I)中所述。
如本文所用,化合物的“有效量”是指足以负调节或激动相应靶标的量。
如本文所用,化合物的“治疗有效剂量”是指足以改善或以某种方式减少症状、停止或逆转病情进展、或负调节或激动相应靶标的量。这种剂量可以作为单一剂量使用,也可以按照一种方案服用,从而有效。
如此处所用,“治疗”是指以任何方式改善或以其他方式改变患者的病情、紊乱或疾病的症状或病理。
如本文所述,“通过使用某一特定化合物或药物组合物来改善某一特定疾病的症状”是指可归因于或与该组合物的使用有关的任何减少,不论是永久性的还是暂时性的、持久的或暂时性的。
本发明中立体化学的定义和惯例的使用通常参考以下文献:
S.P.Parker,Ed.,McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Chemical Terms(1984)McGraw-HillBook Company,New York;and Eliel,E.and Wilen,S.,"Stereochemistry ofOrganic Compounds",John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York,1994.本发明的化合物可以包含不对称中心或手性中心,因此存在不同的立体异构体。本发明的化合物所有的立体异构形式,包括但绝不限于,非对映体,对映异构体,阻转异构体,和它们的混合物,如外消旋混合物,组成了本发明的一部分。非对映异构体可以以其物理化学差异为基础,通过层析、结晶、蒸馏或升华等方法被分离为个别非对映异构体。对映异构体可以通过分离,使手性异构混合物转化为非对映异构混合物,其方式是与适当光学活性化合物(例如手性辅助剂,譬如手性醇或Mosher氏酰氯)的反应,分离非对映异构体,且使个别非对映异构体转化为相应的纯对映异构体。本发明的中间体与化合物也可以不同互变异构形式存在,且所有此种形式被包含在本发明的范围内。很多有机化合物都以光学活性形式存在,即它们有能力旋转平面偏振光的平面。在描述光学活性化合物时,前缀D、L或R、S用来表示分子手性中心的绝对构型。前缀d、l或(+)、(-)用来命名化合物平面偏振光旋转的符号,(-)或l是指化合物是左旋的,前缀(+)或d是指化合物是右旋的。这些立体异构体的原子或原子团互相连接次序相同,但是它们的立体结构不一样。特定的立体异构体可以是对映体,异构体的混合物通常称为对映异构体混合物。50:50的对映体混合物被称为外消旋混合物或外消旋体,这可能导致化学反应过程中没有立体选择性或立体定向性。所谓的“外消旋混合物”和“外消旋体”是指等摩尔的两个对映异构体的混合物,缺乏光学活性。
“互变异构体”或“互变异构的形式”是指不同能量的结构的同分异构体可以通过低能垒互相转化。例如质子互变异构体(即质子移变的互变异构体)包括通过质子迁移的互变,如酮式-烯醇式和亚胺-烯胺的同分异构化作用。原子价(化合价)互变异构体包括重组成键电子的互变。除非其他方面表明,本发明所描述的结构式包括所有的同分异构形式(如对映异构,非对映异构,和几何异构):例如含有不对称中心的R、S构型,双键的(Z)、(E)异构体,和(Z)、(E)的构象异构体。因此,本发明的化合物的单个立体化学异构体或其对映异构体,非对映异构体,或几何异构体的混合物都属于本发明的范围。
“药学上可接受的盐”指本发明化合物的盐,这类盐用于人或动物体内时具有安全性和有效性。化合物的盐可以通过在纯的溶液或合适的惰性溶解中用足量的碱或酸获得相应的加成盐。可药用的碱加成盐包括钠、钾、钙、铵、有机氨或镁盐等,可药用的酸加成盐包括无机酸盐和有机酸盐,所述的无机酸和有机酸包括盐酸、氢溴酸、碳酸、碳酸氢根、磷酸、磷酸一氢根、磷酸二氢根、硫酸、硫酸一氢根、乙酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、饭丁烯二酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸和甲磺酸等(参见Berge et al.,“PharmaceuticalSalts”,Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 66:1-19(1977))。
本文中可使用实线实楔形或虚楔形描绘本发明的化合物的化学键。使用实线以描绘键连至不对称碳原子的键欲表明,包括该碳原子处的所有可能的立体异构体(例如,特定的对映异构体、外消旋混合物等)。使用实或虚楔形以描绘键连至不对称碳原子的键欲表明,存在所示的立体异构体。当存在于外消旋混合物中时,使用实及虚楔形以定义相对立体化学,而非绝对立体化学。除非另外指明,否则本发明的化合物意欲可以立体异构体(其包括顺式及反式异构体、光学异构体(例如R及S对映异构体)、非对映异构体、几何异构体、旋转异构体、构象异构体、阻转异构体及其混合物)的形式存在。本发明的化合物可表现一种以上类型的异构现象,且由其混合物(例如外消旋混合物及非对映异构体对)组成。
本发明涵盖本发明的化合物的所有可能的结晶形式或多晶型物,其可为单一多晶型物或多于一种多晶型物的任意比例的混合物。
还应当理解,本发明的某些化合物可以游离形式存在用于治疗,或适当时,以其药学上可接受的衍生物形式存在。在本发明中,药学上可接受的衍生物包括但不限于,药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,在将它们向需要其的患者给药后,能够直接或间接提供本发明的化合物或其代谢物或残余物。因此,当在本文中提及“本发明的化合物”时,也意在涵盖化合物的上述各种衍生物形式。
本发明的化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括其酸加成盐及碱加成盐,包括但不限于含有氢键或配位键的盐。
适合的酸加成盐由形成药学可接受盐的酸来形成。实例包括乙酸盐、己二酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、碳酸氢盐/碳酸盐、硫酸氢盐/硫酸盐、硼酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、环己氨磺酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡糖酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、六氟磷酸盐、海苯酸盐、盐酸盐/氯化物、氢溴酸盐/溴化物、氢碘酸盐/碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、顺丁烯二酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、萘甲酸盐(naphthylate)、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、乳清酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、磷酸盐/磷酸氢盐/磷酸二氢盐、焦谷氨酸盐、糖二酸盐、硬脂酸盐、丁二酸盐、单宁酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、三氟乙酸盐及昔萘酸盐(xinofoate)。
适合的碱加成盐由形成药学可接受盐的碱来形成。实例包括铝盐、精氨酸盐、苄星青霉素盐、钙盐、胆碱盐、二乙胺盐、二乙醇胺盐、甘氨酸盐、赖氨酸盐、镁盐、葡甲胺盐、乙醇胺盐、钾盐、钠盐、氨丁三醇盐及锌盐。
适合的盐的综述参见Stahl及Wermuth的“Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use”(Wiley-VCH,2002)。用于制备本发明的化合物的药学上可接受的盐的方法为本领域技术人元已知的。
如本文中所使用,所谓的“酯”意指衍生自本申请中各个通式化合物的酯,其包括生理上可水解的酯(可在生理条件下水解以释放游离酸或醇形式的本发明的化合物)。本发明的化合物本身也可以是酯。
本发明的化合物可以溶剂合物(优选水合物)的形式存在,其中本发明的化合物包含作为所述化合物晶格的结构要素的极性溶剂,特别是例如水、甲醇或乙醇。极性溶剂特别是水的量可以化学计量比或非化学计量比存在。
本领域技术人元会理解,由于氮需要可用的孤对电子来氧化成氧化物,因此并非所有的含氮杂环都能够形成N-氧化物;本领域技术人元会识别能够形成N-氧化物的含氮杂环。本领域技术人元还会认识到叔胺能够形成N-氧化物。用于制备杂环和叔胺的N-氧化物的合成方法是本领域技术人元熟知的,包括用过氧酸如过氧乙酸和间氯过氧苯甲酸(MCPBA)、过氧化氢、烷基过氧化氢如叔丁基过氧化氢、过硼酸钠和双环氧乙烷(dioxirane)如二甲基双环氧乙烷来氧化杂环和叔胺。这些用于制备N-氧化物的方法已在文献中得到广泛描述和综述,参见例如:T.L.Gilchrist,Comprehensive Organic Synthesis,vol.7,pp748-750;A.R.Katritzky和A.J.Boulton,Eds.,Academic Press;以及G.W.H.Cheeseman和E.S.G.Werstiuk,Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry,vol.22,pp 390-392,A.R.Katritzky和A.J.Boulton,Eds.,Academic Press。
在本发明的范围内还包括本发明的化合物的代谢物,即在给药本发明的化合物时体内形成的物质。这样的产物可由例如被给药的化合物的氧化、还原、水解、酰胺化、脱酰胺化、酯化、酶解等产生。因此,本发明包括本发明的化合物的代谢物,包括通过使本发明的化合物与哺乳动物接触足以产生其代谢产物的时间的方法制得的化合物。
本发明在其范围内进一步包括本发明的化合物的前药,其为自身可具有较小药理学活性或无药理学活性的本发明的化合物的某些衍生物当被给药至身体中或其上时可通过例如水解裂解转化成具有期望活性的本发明的化合物。通常这样的前药会是所述化合物的官能团衍生物,其易于在体内转化成期望的治疗活性化合物。关于前药的使用的其他信息可参见“Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems”,第14卷,ACS Symposium Series(T.Higuchi及V.Stella)。本发明的前药可例如通过用本领域技术人元已知作为“前-部分(pro-moiety)(例如“Design of Prodrugs”,H.Bundgaard(Elsevier,1985)中所述)”的某些部分替代本发明的化合物中存在的适当官能团来制备。
本发明还涵盖含有保护基的本发明的化合物。在制备本发明的化合物的任何过程中,保护在任何有关分子上的敏感基团或反应基团可能是必需的和/或期望的,由此形成本发明的化合物的化学保护的形式。这可以通过常规的保护基实现,例如,在T.W.Greene&P.G.M.Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,JohnWiley&Sons,1991中所述的那些保护基,这些参考文献通过援引加入本文。使用本领域已知的方法,在适当的后续阶段可以移除保护基。
所谓的“约”是指在所述数值的±10%范围内,优选±5%范围内,更优选±2%范围内。
本发明的优选化合物
已经记载本发明化合物的通式和优选范围。进一步优选地,本发明化合物的具体例子可以选自如下结构的任意一种,但是并不限于以下化合物:
*表示化合物构型及性质需进一步检测,暂定手性化合物为图示构型。
药物组合物、医药用途和治疗方法
本发明提供一种药物组合物,其包含有效量的本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,以及药学上可接受的载体,所述药物组合物优选为固体制剂、半固体制剂、液体制剂或气态制剂。
本发明中“药学上可接受的载体”是指与治疗剂一同给药的稀释剂、辅剂、赋形剂或媒介物,并且其在合理的医学判断的范围内适于接触人类和/或其它动物的组织而没有过度的毒性、刺激、过敏反应或与合理的益处/风险比相应的其它问题或并发症。
在本发明的药物组合物中可使用的药学上可接受的载体包括但不限于无菌液体,例如水和油,包括那些石油、动物、植物或合成来源的油,例如花生油、大豆油、矿物油、芝麻油等。当所述药物组合物通过静脉内给药时,水是示例性载体。还可以使用生理盐水和葡萄糖及甘油水溶液作为液体载体,特别是用于注射液。适合的药物赋形剂包括淀粉、葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖、明胶、麦芽糖、白垩、硅胶、硬脂酸钠、单硬脂酸甘油酯、滑石、氯化钠、脱脂奶粉、甘油、丙二醇、水、乙醇等。所述组合物还可以视需要包含少量的湿润剂、乳化剂或pH缓冲剂。口服制剂可以包含标准载体,如药物级的甘露醇、乳糖、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、糖精钠、纤维素、碳酸镁等。适合的药学上可接受的载体的实例如在Remington’s PharmaceuticalSciences(1990)中所述。
本发明的药物组合物可以系统地作用和/或局部地作用。为此目的,它们可以适合的途径给药,例如通过注射(如静脉内、动脉内、皮下、腹膜内、肌内注射,包括滴注)或经皮给药;或通过口服、含服、经鼻、透粘膜、局部、以眼用制剂的形式或通过吸入给药。
对于这些给药途径,可以适合的剂型给药本发明的药物组合物。
所述剂型包括但不限于片剂、胶囊剂、锭剂、硬糖剂、散剂、喷雾剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂、栓剂、凝胶剂、糊剂、洗剂、软膏剂、水性混悬剂、可注射溶液剂、酏剂、糖浆剂。
本发明所述的药物组合物可用于预防和/或治疗疼痛症。在使用本发明药物制剂时,还可同时使用其他疼痛症治疗剂,如氟西汀、阿片类镇痛药、非阿片类止痛剂等。
本发明所述药物组合物,含有安全有效量的本发明化合物以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。这类载体包括(但并不限于):盐水、缓冲液、葡萄糖、水、甘油、乙醇、粉剂等中的一种或几种。药物制剂应与给药方式相匹配。
本发明的药物组合物可以被制成针剂形式,例如用生理盐水或含有葡萄糖和其他辅剂的水溶液通过常规方法进行制备。诸如片剂和胶囊之类的药物组合物,可通过常规方法进行制备。药物组合物如针剂、溶液、片剂和胶囊宜在无菌条件下制造。本发明的药物组合物也可以被制成粉剂用于雾化吸入。
活性成分的给药量是治疗有效量,例如每天约1微克/千克体重-约50毫克/千克体重;优选地,为约5微克/千克体重-约10毫克/千克体重;进一步优选地,为约10微克/千克体重-约5毫克/千克体重。此外,本发明化合物还可与其他治疗剂一起使用。
对于本发明的药物组合物,可通过常规的方式施用于所需的对象(如人和非人哺乳动物)。代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于):口服、注射、雾化吸入等。
使用药物组合物时,是将安全有效量的药物施用于哺乳动物,其中该安全有效量通常至少约10微克/千克体重,而且在大多数情况下不超过约50毫克/千克体重,较佳地,该剂量是约10微克/千克体重-约20毫克/千克体重。当然,具体剂量还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素,这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。实施本发明的过程、条件、试剂、实验方法等,除以下专门提及的内容之外,均为本领域的普遍知识和公知常识,本发明没有特别限制内容。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
如本文中所使用的所谓的“有效量”指被给药后会在一定程度上缓解所治疗病症的一或多种症状的化合物的量。具体而言,如本文所用,化合物的“有效量”是指足以抑制2α型缺氧诱导因子或者抑制癌症的量。如本文所用,化合物的“治疗有效剂量”是指足以改善或以某种方式减少症状、停止或逆转病情进展、或抑制2α型缺氧诱导因子的量。这种剂量可以作为单一剂量使用,也可以按照一种方案服用,从而有效。
可调整给药方案以提供最佳所需响应。例如,可给药单次推注,可随时间给药数个分剂量,或可如治疗情况的急需所表明而按比例减少或增加剂量。要注意,剂量值可随要减轻的病况的类型及严重性而变化,且可包括单次或多次剂量。要进一步理解,对于任何特定个体,具体的给药方案应根据个体需要及给药组合物或监督组合物的给药的人元的专业判断来随时间调整。
如此处所用,“治疗”是指以任何方式改善或以其他方式改变患者的病情、紊乱或疾病的症状或病理。如本文所述,“通过使用某一特定化合物或药物组合物来改善某一特定疾病的症状”是指可归因于或与该组合物的使用有关的任何减少,不论是永久性的还是暂时性的、持久的或暂时性的。
如本文所使用的“个体”包括人或非人动物。示例性人个体包括患有疾病(例如本文所述的疾病)的人个体(称为患者)或正常个体。本发明中“非人动物”包括所有脊椎动物,例如非哺乳动物(例如鸟类、两栖动物、爬行动物)和哺乳动物,例如非人灵长类、家畜和/或驯化动物(例如绵羊、犬、猫、奶牛、猪等)。
本发明的一个重要方面是提供本发明上述提供苯并[7]环烯类衍生物在制备用于治疗选自癌症、炎症、代谢性疾病中的用途,所述的癌症选自头、颈、眼、口、咽喉、食道、支气管、喉、咽、胸、骨、肺、结肠、直肠、胃、前列腺、膀胱、子宫、子宫颈、乳腺、卵巢、睾丸或其他生殖器官、皮肤、甲状腺、血液、淋巴结、肾脏、肝脏、胰腺、脑、中枢神经系统的癌症,实体瘤和血源性肿瘤,成胶质细胞瘤,肾细胞癌(RCC)和透明细胞肾细胞癌(ccRCC);所述的炎症选自肺炎、肠炎、肾炎、关节炎、外伤感染;所述的代谢性疾病选自肥胖症、血脂异常、高脂质血症。
本发明还提供用作抑制剂的苯并[7]环烯类衍生物用于治疗癌症的方法,该方法是通过向患有癌症的受试者给予一个有效量的所述的化合物进行的。
如在此所使用的,所谓的“有效量”意指一种化合物或组合物的足以显著和积极改变有待治疗的症状和/或病症(例如,提供积极临床响应)的量。用于一种药物组合物中的活性成分的有效量将随着正在被治疗的具体病症、该病症的严重性,治疗的持续时间、同步治疗的性质,该一种或多种使用的具体的活性成分,一种或多种所使用的药学上可接受的赋形剂/载体、以及主治医生的知识和专业技能内的类似因素而变化。
具体地,用于在癌症治疗中使用的具有化学式(I)的化合物的一个有效量是足以对症减轻在人中癌症的症状的量,以减缓癌症的进展,或减少患有癌症的患者中症状恶化的风险。在一些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物还可以包含一种或多种另外的治疗剂或预防剂。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明的方法进行说明,以使本发明技术方案更易于理解、掌握,但本发明并不局限于此。下述实施例中1H NMR图谱是用Bruker仪器(400MHz)测定而得,化学位移用ppm表示。使用四甲基硅烷内标准(0.00ppm)。1H NMR的表示方法:s=单峰,d=双重峰,t=三重峰,q=四重峰,m=多重峰,br=宽峰,dd=双重峰的双重峰,dt=三重峰的双重峰。若提供偶合常数时,其单位为Hz。
质谱是用LC/MS仪测定得到,离子化方式为ESI。
高效液相色谱仪型号:安捷伦1260、赛默飞U3000;色谱柱型号:Waters xbrigeC18(4.6*150mm,3.5μm);流动相:A:ACN,B:Water(0.1%H3PO4);流速:1.0mL/min;梯度:5%Afor 1min,increase to 20%A within 4min,increase to 80%A within 8min,80%Afor 2min,back to 5%A within 0.1min;波长:220nm;柱温箱:35℃。
薄层层析硅胶板使用烟台黄海HSGF254或青岛GF254硅胶板,薄层色谱法(TLC)使用的硅胶板采用的规格是0.2mm-0.3mm,薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm-0.5mm。
柱层析一般使用烟台黄海硅胶200-300目硅胶为载体。
在下列实例中,除非另有指明,所有温度为摄氏温度,除非另有指明,各种起始原料和试剂来自市售或者是根据已知的方法合成,市售原料和试剂均不经进一步纯化直接使用,除非另有指明,市售厂家包括但不限于国药集团,百灵威科技有限公司,梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司,上海毕得医药科技有限公司和上海迈瑞尔化学科技有限公司等。
CD3OD:氘代甲醇;CDCl3:氘代氯仿;DMSO-d6:氘代二甲基亚砜;Pd2(dba)3:三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯;Pd(dppf)Cl2:[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯;XantPhos:4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽;XPhos:2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯;HATU:2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯;DCM:二氯甲烷;PE:石油醚;EA:乙酸乙酯;MeOH:甲醇;TLC:薄层色谱法;HPLC:高效液相色谱法;purity:纯度;&:和
Rf:薄层色谱法中原点到斑点中心的距离与原点到溶剂前沿的距离的比值。
氢气氛围是指反应瓶连接一个约1L容积的氢气气球。
实施例中无特殊说明,反应中的溶液是指水溶液。
实施例中无特殊说明,反应的温度为室温,为20℃-30℃。
实施例中的反应进程的监测采用薄层色谱法(TLC),反应所使用的展开剂,纯化化合物采用的柱层析的洗脱剂的体系或薄层色谱法的展开剂体系包括:A:石油醚和乙酸乙酯体系;B:二氯甲烷和甲醇体系;C:正己烷:乙酸乙酯;其中溶剂的体积比根据化合物的极性不同而不同,也可以加入少量的酸性或碱性试剂进行调节,如醋酸或三乙胺等。
中间体的制备
合成例1:中间体1合成过程
(1S,2R)-4-溴-2-氟-7-三氟甲基磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇IN-1
第一步4-溴苯基3-氯丙烷酸酯IN-1b
将4-溴苯酚IN-1a(22.5g,130.05mmol)和三乙胺(22.37g,221.09mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(150mL)中,氮气保护下降温至0℃,滴加3-氯丙酰氯(16.51g,130.05mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液(100mL),滴毕,反应液升至室温反应16小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=15:1)显示反应结束,反应液加入饱和食盐水(100mL)搅拌1小时。分层,二氯甲烷(100mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到无色液体标题化合物IN-1b(33g,收率96%)。
第二步4-溴-7-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-1c
将化合物IN-1b(10.0g,37.95mmol)和三氯化铝(20.24g,151.8mmol)加到反应瓶中,在氮气保护下加热到120℃反应1小时,然后升温至180℃反应6小时,TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)显示原料消失。体系冷却至室温,缓慢倒入冰盐酸(100mL,1N)中淬灭,二氯甲烷(100mL x3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1c(3.9g,收率45%)。
LC-MS:m/z=227.0[M+H]+
第三步-[(7-溴-3-氧-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)氧]-N,N-二甲基甲酰胺IN-1d
将化合物IN-1c(3.2g,14.09mmol)和三乙烯二胺(4.74g,42.27mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(80mL)中,氮气保护下滴加二甲基硫代氨基甲酰氯(5.22g,42.27mmol),滴毕,室温反应1.5小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)显示原料消失,反应液加水(50mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(50mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL x3),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1d(2.26g,收率51%)。
第四步1-[(7-溴-3-氧-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)氧]-N,N-二甲基甲酰胺IN-1e
将化合物IN-1d(2.26g,7.1 9mmol)溶于二苯醚(15mL)中,氮气保护下,加热至220℃反应1小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)监测反应结束。反应液冷却至室温,直接经硅胶柱层析(石油醚冲完二苯醚后直接用乙酸乙酯冲洗出产物)得到淡黄色固体标题化合物IN-1e(2.17g,收率96%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.70(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.18-3.02(m,8H),2.76-2.71(m,2H).
第五步4-溴-7-磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-1f
将化合物IN-1e(2.1g,6.68mmol),氢氧化钠(1.07g,26.72mmol)和水(10.5mL)依次加到乙醇(21mL)中,加毕,加热至70℃反应1小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1)监测反应结束。反应液冷却至0℃,加入1N稀盐酸(5mL)调节pH至3-4,乙酸乙酯(10mL x3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1f(0.913g,收率56%)
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.51(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.90(s,1H),3.01-2.98(m,2H),2.79-2.76(m,2H).
第六步4-溴-7-[(三氟甲基)磺酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-1g
将化合物IN-1f(0.91g,3.74mmol)溶在干燥的二氯甲烷(10mL)中,氮气保护下,降温至-55℃下滴加3,3-二甲基-1-(三氟甲基)-1,2-苯并碘氧杂戊环(1.36g,4.11mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液(10mL)。滴毕,在此温度继续反应至反应液由浑浊黄色变透明淡黄色,升至室温继续反应16小时,反应液变成无色透明溶液。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)显示反应结束。反应液直接浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1g(1.01g,收率87%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.11-3.08(m,2H),2.79-2.76(m,2H).
第七步4-溴-7-三氟甲基磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-1h
将化合物IN-1g(1.01g,3.25mmol)和三氯化钌(0.067g,0.32mmol)溶于乙腈(12.3mL),水(6.2mL)和四氯化碳(12.3mL)的混合溶液中,加入高碘酸钠固体(2.86g,13.36mmol)。加毕,在室温下搅拌1小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1)显示反应结束,反应液加饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液(50mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(50mL)萃取,有机相用硫代硫酸钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)纯化得到标题化合物IN-1h(1.02g,收率91%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(s,2H),3.21-3.18(m,2H),2.89-2.86(m,2H).
第八步4-溴-2-氟-7-三氟甲基磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-1i
将化合物IN-1h(1.02g,2.97mmol)和1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷二(四氟硼酸)盐(1.26g,3.56mmol)溶于甲醇(30mL)中,加热至50℃滴加浓硫酸(0.0015g,0.015mmol)。滴毕,在50℃反应48小时。TLC(石油醚:二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=6:2:0.5)显示反应结束。反应液冷却至室温,加入甲基叔丁基醚(20mL)稀释,过滤,滤饼用甲基叔丁基醚(20mL)洗涤2次,滤液浓缩,粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1i(0.91g,收率85%)。
LC-MS:m/z=359.0[M-H]-
第九步(1S,2R)-4-溴-2-氟-7-三氟甲基磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇IN-1
将化合物IN-1i(0.474g,1.31mmol),甲酸(0.18g,3.92mmol)和三乙胺(0.26g,2.60mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)中。氮气保护下,将反应液降温至0℃加氯{[(1R,2R)-(-)-2-氨-1,2-二苯乙基](4-甲苯磺酰)氨}(P-异丙基甲苯)RUTHENIUM(II))钌(II)(0.0083g,0.013mmol),加毕,反应在0℃和氮气保护下继续反应16小时以上。TLC显示原料消失(石油醚:二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=6:2:0.5),反应液加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(20mL x2)萃取,合并有机相。饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化得到白色固体标题化合物IN-1(0.307g,收率64%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.88(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.91(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),5.50-5.46(m,1H),5.37-5.19(m,1H),3.31-3.14(m,2H).
合成例2:中间体2合成过程
(1S,2R)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二噁硼-2-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇IN-2
第一步4-溴-7-(甲硫基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-2b
将4-溴-7-氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-2a(10g,43.6mmol)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(60mL)中,加入甲硫醇钠(18.4g,52.4mmol)的水溶液(20%),加毕,反应液变棕色溶液,25℃搅拌2小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)显示反应完全。反应液加水(150mL)淬灭,有大量固体析出,浑浊液继续搅拌15分钟,抽滤,滤饼水洗多次,滤饼干燥得黄色固体标题化合物IN-2b(11.1g,收率:98.9%)。
LC-MS:m/z=258.0[M+H]+.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.62(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.04(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.72(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.47(s,3H).
第二步4-溴-7-(甲基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚1-酮IN-2c
将化合物IN-2b(11g,42.8mmol)溶解在水(150mL),二氯甲烷(80mL)和乙腈(80mL)的混合溶液中,加入高碘酸钠(27.5g,128.3mmol)和三氯化钌(440mg,2.14mmol),加毕,25℃搅拌1小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)显示反应完全。反应液加亚硫酸钠水溶液(60mL),抽滤,滤饼乙酸乙酯(120mL x2)洗涤,滤液垫硅藻土抽滤,再水洗(60mL),饱和食盐水洗(60mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得白色固体标题化合物IN-2c(12.2g,收率:98.6%)。
LC-MS:m/z=289.0[M+H]+.
第三步4-溴-2-氟-7-(甲基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮IN-2d
将化合物IN-2c(11.0g,38.0mmol)溶解在甲醇(60mL)中,加1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷二(四氟硼酸)盐(16.2g,45.7mmol)和浓硫酸(370mg,3.8mmol),加毕,反应液升温至75℃回流3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)显示反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加水(50mL),乙酸乙酯萃取(60mL x 2),合并有机相,水洗(50mL),饱和食盐水洗(50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15/1-3/1)得白色固体标题化合物IN-2d(11.2g,收率:95.9%)。
LC-MS:m/z=307.0[M-H]-.
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ8.27(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.72-5.56(m,1H),3.68-3.60(m,1H),3.43(s,3H),3.26-3.15(m,1H).
第四步(1S,2R)-2-氟-7-(甲基磺酰基)-4-溴-2,3-二氢-1H-茚1-醇IN-2e
将化合物IN-2d(500mg,1.63mmol),甲酸(450mg,9.8mmol)和三乙胺(660mg,6.52mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(13.2mL)中。冰浴降温至0℃,氮气保护下加入[氯化钌(η6-对甲基异丙基苯)(N-甲苯磺酰基-1,2-二苯基乙二胺)](42mg,0.065mmol),加毕,反应液在0℃和氮气保护下搅拌16小时。TLC显示原料消失(石油醚:二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=6:2:0.5),反应液加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(20ml)淬灭,二氯甲烷(30mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(20mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15/1-3/1)得到白色固体标题化合物IN-2e(350mg,收率:69.5%)。
LC-MS:m/z=292.1[M-18+H]+.
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ7.84(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.01(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.57-5.52(m,1H),5.37-5.20(m,1H),3.36(s,3H),3.29-3.08(m,2H).
第五步(1S,2R)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二噁硼-2-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇IN-2
将化合物IN-2e(200mg,0.65mmol)和联硼烷(215mg,0.85mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(4mL)中,加入乙酸钾(128mg,1.30mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(53mg,0.065mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,将反应液升温至100℃搅拌3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)显示反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加乙酸乙酯(4mL)稀释,硅藻土抽滤,滤饼乙酸乙酯(6mL)洗涤,滤液水洗(4mL),饱和食盐水洗(4mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经由Prep-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)纯化得浅棕色油状标题化合物IN-2(150mg,收率:62.3%)。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ7.84(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.78(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),5.48-5.43(m,1H),5.30-5.16(m,1H),3.44-3.36(m,1H),3.34(s,3H),3.29-3.22(m,1H),1.32(s,12H).
合成例3:化合物1合成过程
(1S,2R)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢
-1H-茚-1-醇1
第一步5-(3,5-二氟苯基)戊-4-烯酸1b
将(3-丙羧基)三苯基溴化膦(9.06g,21.11mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(30mL)中,降温到0℃,30分钟内滴加完叔丁醇钾的四氢呋喃溶液(1M,27mL),加毕,0℃下继续反应1小时,反应液变橘色,加入3,5-二氟苯甲醛1a(2.5g,17.59mmol),继续0℃下反应1小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=50/1)检测反应完全。0℃下,用水(50mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(50mL x2)萃取,水相用稀盐酸调节pH到5,有大量固体析出,过滤,滤饼烘干得到白色固体标题化合物1b(3.22g,收率86%)。
第二步5-(3,5-二氟苯基)戊酸1c
将化合物1b(3.22g,15.18mmol)溶于甲醇(40mL)中,加入钯碳(350mg,10%),加毕,氢气氛围下,反应液继续搅拌16小时,TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)检测反应完全,反应液垫硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物1c(2.10g,收率65%)。
第三步2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-酮1d
在0℃下,将化合物1c(910mg,4.25mmol)溶于三氟甲磺酸(10mL)中,加毕,氮气保护下,升温至60℃反应16小时,TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)检测原料反应完全,将反应液慢慢加到冰水中淬灭,乙酸乙酯(50mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(50mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物1d(792mg,收率95%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ6.8-6.65(m,2H),2.82(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),2.74-2.59(m,2H),1.93-1.74(m,4H).
第四步1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基三氟甲磺酸酯1e
将化合物1d(600mg,3.06mmol)和N-苯基双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺(1421mg,3.98mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(6mL)中,氮气保护下,降温到-60℃,10分钟内加完双三甲基硅基胺基锂(1M,3.4mL),继续-60℃反应0.5小时,再缓慢升温至28℃反应1小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)检测反应完全,0℃下,加入饱和氯化铵溶液(50mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(50mLx2)萃取,合并有机相,水(50mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物1e(998mg,收率99%)。
第五步2-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷1f
将化合物1e(500mg,1.52mmol),联硼酸频那醇酯(579mg,2.28mmol),磷酸钾(645mg,3.04mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(176mg,0.15mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(1mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液加热到100℃反应1小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)检测反应完全,将反应液降至室温,乙酸乙酯(30mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(30mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物1f(271mg,产率58%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.02(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.73-6.65(m,2H),2.53(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.17-2.07(m,2H),1.99(dd,J=14.4,6.8Hz,2H),1.29(s,12H).
第六步(1S,2R)-4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2-氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇1g
将化合物1f(50mg,0.16mmol),中间体IN-1(59mg,0.16mmol),碳酸钠(34mg,0.32mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯二氯甲烷络合物(26mg,0.032mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(1mL)和水(0.1mL)的混合溶液中,氮气保护下,反应液加热到100℃,反应2小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)检测反应完全,反应液降温到28℃,淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经Prep-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物1g(73mg,收率97%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.90(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.89(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.92-6.64(m,1H),6.52(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.53(t,J=4.9Hz,1H),5.23-5.05(m,1H),3.02-2.92(m,2H),2.83-2.75(m,1H),2.71(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.25-2.06(m,4H).
第七步(1S,2R)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇1
将化合物1g(73mg,0.16mmol)和钯碳(20mg,10%)溶于甲醇(2mL)中,氢气氛围下,反应液反应16小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)检测反应完全,反应液垫硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经Prep-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物1(26mg,收率35%)。
LC-MS:m/z=463.1[M-H]-(99.83%purity,210nm).
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.81(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.20(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.65(t,J=10.4Hz,1H),5.61-5.57(m,1H),5.47-5.24(m,1H),4.72(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.47-3.37(m,1H),3.29-3.19(m,2H),3.09-3.02(m,1H),2.87-2.69(m,1H),2.12-1.99(m,2H),1.90-1.60(m,4H).合成例4:化合物2合成过程
6-(7,9-二氟-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-苯并[b]氮杂-1-基)-2-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲腈2
第一步6,8-二氟-3,4-二氢萘-1(2H)-酮肟2b
将6,8-二氟-3,4-二氢萘-1(2H)-酮2a(2.0g,10.98mmol)溶于乙醇(20mL)/水(7mL)的混合溶液中,依次加入盐酸羟胺(1.1g,16.47mmol)和乙酸钠(1.4g,16.47mmol),加毕,反应液室温反应3小时,有固体析出。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4/1)显示原料消失,反应液加水(20mL)淬灭,抽滤,滤饼干燥得到淡黄色固体标题化合物2b(2.0g,收率93%)。
LC-MS:m/z=198.1[M+H]+.
第二步6,8-二氟-3,4-二氢萘-1(2H)-酮邻甲苯磺酰肟2c
化合物2b(2.0g,10.14mmol)分散于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,加入三乙胺(1.5g,15.21mmol),原料溶解。混合物冰浴冷却后加入对甲苯磺酰氯(2.0g,10.65mmol)。加完室温反应18小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)显示原料反应完全。反应液加水(20mL)淬灭,分液。有机相依次用10%柠檬酸(20mL)和饱和食盐水(20mL x2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到淡黄色固体标题化合物2c(3.3g,收率92%)。
LC-MS:m/z=352.1[M+H]+.
第三步7,9-二氟-1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-苯并[b]氮杂-2-酮2d
将化合物2c(1.6g,4.55mmol)分散于三氟乙酸(5mL)中,60℃反应30分钟,原料溶解。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)显示原料反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加入冰水(10mL)并在冰浴下搅拌30分钟。抽滤,滤饼柱层析得到淡黄色固体标题化合物2d(624mg,收率69%)。
LC-MS:m/z=198.2[M+H]+.
第四步7,9-二氟-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-苯并[b]氮杂卓2e
将化合物2d(624mg,3.16mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(10mL)中,氮气置换3次,冰浴冷却至0℃,分批加入氢化铝锂(240mg,6.33mmol),回流反应7小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)显示还有很多原料。补加1当量氢化铝锂,回流反应18小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)显示还有原料剩余。反应液冰浴冷却,加入大量水合硫酸钠,直至不再产生气体。抽滤,滤液浓缩经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4/1)纯化得到无色液体标题化合物2e(268mg,收率46%)。
LC-MS:m/z=184.2[M+H]+.
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.67-6.63(m,2H),4.03(br,1H),3.02(t,J=4.8Hz,2H),2.76(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),1.84-1.78(m,2H),1.66-1.60(m,2H).
第五步6-(7,9-二氟-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-苯并[b]氮杂-1-基)-2-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲腈2
将化合物6-溴-2-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲腈(176mg,0.66mmol),化合物2e(100mg,0.55mmol)分散于甲苯(4mL)中,依次加入碳酸铯(358mg,1.10mmol),醋酸钯(12mg,0.06mmol)和1,1'-联萘-2,2'-双二苯膦(41mg,0.07mmol)。加完,氮气置换3次,反应液升温至95℃反应20小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)显示2894-5消失。反应液冷却至室温,加水(10mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(10mL)萃取。饱和食盐水(10mL)洗涤,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=40/1)纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物2(100mg,50%收率)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.52(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.81-6.76(m,1H),6.65(br,1H),3.87(br,2H),2.81(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),1.89-1.86(m,2H),1.78(br,2H).
合成例5:化合物3合成过程
(((2R,3S)-7-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)亚氨基)二甲基-λ6-磺胺酮3
第一步3-(2-溴-5-氯苯基)丙酸3b
氮气保护下,将甲酸(2.52g,54.66mmol)在0℃下滴加到三乙胺(2.40g,23.69mmol)中,制备好的液体和2-溴-5-氯苯甲醛3a(2g,9.11mmol)以及米氏酸(1.31g,9.11mmol)加到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中,氮气置换三次,反应液加热至60℃反应12小时。加水(2mL),升温至95℃下反应16小时。TLC显示反应结束(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=8:1),反应液冷却至室温,加入1N稀盐酸(10mL)调至pH=2-3,乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=8:1)纯化得到标题化合物3b(1.3g,收率54.15%)。
LC-MS:m/z=260.9[M-H]-.
第二步4-溴-7-氯-2,3-二氢茚酮3c
将化合物3b(1g,3.79mmol)加到三氟甲磺酸(2mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液升温至60℃反应16小时。TLC显示反应结束(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1),反应液冷却至室温,倒入冰水中淬灭。二氯甲烷(50mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物3c(0.8g,收率85.98%)。
LC-MS:m/z=245.0[M+H]+.
第三步7-氯-4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮3d
将化合物3c(1.96g,7.98mmol),2-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷1f(2.20g,7.18mmol),碳酸钠(1.69g,15.96mmol),[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(0.58g,0.80mmol)和水(2mL)加到1,4-二氧六环(20mL)中。在氮气保护和85℃下反应反应16小时,TLC显示原料消失(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=8:1)。乙酸乙酯(20mL)稀释,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,干燥浓缩。通过柱层析纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物3d(2g,收率72.69%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.29(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.88-6.85(m,1H),6.72-6.61(m,1H),6.39(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),2.73(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.58(s,4H),2.23-2.16(m,2H),2.09-2.03(m,2H).
第四步4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-7-[(二甲基(氧代)-亚硫基)氨基]-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-酮3e
将化合物3d(0.3g,0.87mmol),二甲基磺酰亚胺(0.24g,2.61mmol),磷酸钾(0.28g,1.30mmol),2-二环己基膦-2′,6′-二甲氧基-联苯(0.071g,0.17mmol)和醋酸钯(0.039g,0.17mmol)加到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)中。在氮气保护和微波120℃下反应3小时,TLC显示反应结束(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1),LCMS显示产物分子量。反应液通过硅藻土过滤,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤两次,有机相干燥浓缩。通过柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)得到橙色固体标题化合物3e(241mg,收率69%)。
LC-MS:m/z=402.2[M+H]+.
第五步4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-7-[(二甲基(氧代)-亚硫基)氨基]-2-氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚1-酮3f
将化合物3e(0.24g,0.60mmol),1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷二(四氟硼酸)盐(0.28g,0.78mmol)和硫酸(0.29mg,0.0030mmol)加到甲醇(10mL)中,在氮气保护和75℃下反应4小时,TLC显示反应结束(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)。反应液加入0.3M硫酸(1mL),继续搅拌1小时,然后冷却至室温。乙酸乙酯(50mL)加入稀释,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤2次,有机相合并干燥浓缩。通过柱层析纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物3f(0.217g,收率86.22%)。
LC-MS:m/z=420.2[M+H]+.
第六步((2R,3S)-7-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)亚胺基)二甲基-砜酮砜3g
将化合物3f(0.217g,0.52mmol),三乙胺(0.11g,1.04mmol)加到二氯甲烷(10mL)。在0℃和氮气保护下加(R,R)-N-(对甲苯磺酰)-1,2-二苯乙烷二胺(对异丙基苯)氯化钌(0.033g,0.052mmol)和甲酸(0.096g,2.08mmol),反应在0℃和氮气下反应16小时以上。TLC显示原料消失(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1),浓缩。通过Pre-TLC纯化(二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:1)得到黄色固体的标题化合物3g(82mg,收率37.41%)。
LC-MS:m/z=422.2[M+H]+.
第七步(((2R,3S)-7-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)亚氨基)二甲基-λ6-磺胺酮3
将化合物3g(0.06g,0.14mmol)和钯碳(0.06g,0.56mmol,10%)加到甲醇(3mL)中,在氢气保护和室温下反应16h,LCMS显示有一半原料没反应,补加钯碳(0.06g,0.56mmol,10%)继续反应16小时。LCMS显示反应结束。反应液通过滤膜过滤,有机相浓缩通过Pre-TLC纯化得到淡黄色固体标题化合物3(14mg,收率23.61%)。
LC-MS:m/z=424.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.84(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.71-6.67(m,2H),6.64-6.59(m,1H),5.42-5.32(m,1H),5.28-5.21(m,1H),4.66-4.62(m,1H),3.48-3.37(m,1H),3.28-3.00(m,9H),2.71-2.61(m,1H),2.31-2.11(m,2H),2.01-1.96(m,2H),1.84-1.81(m,2H).
合成例6:化合物4合成过程
1-((2R,3S)-7-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)亚氨基)四氢-1H-1λ6-噻吩-1-氧化物4
第一步1-亚氨基四氢-1H-1λ6-噻吩-1-氧化物4b
将四亚甲基亚砜4a(1.00g,9.60mmol)溶于甲醇(40mL)中,降温到0℃,加入碘苯二乙酸(9.28g,28.80mmol)和氨基甲酸铵(3.00g,38.43mmol),加毕,反应液缓慢回到室温反应1小时,TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)检测原料反应完全(碘显色),反应液直接浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)纯化得到淡黄色油状标题化合物4b(1.03g,收率90%)。
LC-MS:m/z=120.1[M+H]+.
第二步4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-7-((1-氧化四氢-噻吩-1-亚基)氨基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮4c
将化合物3d(500mg,1.45mmol),化合物4b(346mg,2.90mmol),2-双环己基膦-2',6'-二甲氧基联苯(119mg,0.29mmol),磷酸钾(462mg,2.17mmol)和醋酸钯(65mg,0.29mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,氮气置换三次,加热到120℃,微波反应2小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)检测原料反应完全,反应液降到28℃,加水淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(50mLx2)萃取,合并有机相,水(50mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物4c(515mg,收率83%)。
第三步4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2-氟-7-((1-氧化四氢-噻吩-1-亚基)氨基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮4d
将化合物4c(515mg,1.20mmol),选择性氟试剂(510mg,1.44mmol)和浓硫酸(24mg,0.24mmol)溶于甲醇(5mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液加热到75℃反应4小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/1)检测反应完全。反应液降到室温,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物4d(374mg,收率70%)。
LC-MS:m/z=446.2[M+H]+.
第四步1-((2R,3S)-7-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-吲哚-4-基)亚胺)四氢-1H-噻吩-1-氧化物4e
将甲酸(213mg,4.62mmol),三乙胺(312mg,3.08mmol)和(R,R)-N-(对甲苯磺酰)-1,2-二苯乙烷二胺(对异丙基苯)氯化钌(24mg,0.039mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(2mL)中,反应液降温到-5℃,加入化合物4d(345mg,0.77mmol),在-5℃下反应48小时,TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=30/1)检测反应完全。在-5℃下,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,二氯甲烷(10mLx2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经Prep-TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=30/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物4e(131mg)。
LC-MS:m/z=448.2[M+H]+.
第五步1-((2R,3S)-7-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-3-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)亚氨基)四氢-1H-1λ6-噻吩-1-氧化物4
将化合物4e(131mg,0.29mmol)和钯碳(120mg,10%)溶于甲醇(2mL)中,氢气氛围下,室温反应16小时,LCMS检测反应完全。反应液垫硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经Prep-HPLC纯化得到白色固体标题化合物4(26mg,收率20%)。
LC-MS:m/z=450.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.81(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.64-6.59(m,1H),5.38-5.22(m,2H),4.62(dd,J=7.2,6.0Hz,1H),3.90(s,1H),3.56-3.33(m,3H),3.29-3.17(m,1H),3.17-2.94(m,3H),2.69(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.39-2.20(m,4H),2.19-1.90(m,3H),1.88-1.76(m,1H),1.72-1.61(m,2H).
合成例7:化合物5合成过程
3-氟-9-((1S,2R)-2-氟-1-羟基-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-1-碳腈5
第一步2-氟-4-甲氧基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-酮,2-氟-4-已氧基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-酮和2-氟-4-羟基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-酮混合物5a
将化合物1d(4.5g,22.9mmol)分散在1,4-二氧六环(60mL)中,加入三甲基硅醇钠(7.7g,68.8mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,将反应液升温至90℃搅拌3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)显示反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加水(50mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(80mLx3),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(60mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得褐色油状标题化合物5a(5.6g,粗品),直接用于下一步。
LC-MS:m/z=209.2,223.2[M+H]+.
第二步2-氟-4-羟基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-酮5b
将化合物5a(5.6g,粗品)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(40mL)中,加入碘化锂(50.6g,378mmol),加毕,反应液升温至150℃搅拌3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)显示反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加水(60mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(80mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水洗(60mLx3),饱和食盐水洗(60mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=50/1-10/1)得黄色油状标题化合物5b(3.5g,两步收率:78.7%)。
LC-MS:m/z=193.1[M-H]-.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ12.89(s,1H),6.53(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.45(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),2.93(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.83(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),1.89-1.84(m,4H).
第三步3-氟-9-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-1-基三氟甲烷磺酸酯5c
将化合物5b(3.5g,18.0mmol)溶解在1,2-二氯乙烷(50mL)中,依次加入氯化锂(1.5g,36.0mmol)和三乙胺(7.3g,72.1mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,冰浴降温至0℃,滴加三氟甲磺酸酐(7.63g,27.0mmol),滴毕,反应液升温至50℃搅拌3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)显示反应完全。反应液冷却至室温,加水(50mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(60mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1-5/1)得黄色油状标题化合物5c(5.2g,收率:88.5%)。
第四步3-氟-9-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-1-甲腈5d
将化合物5c(5.0g,15.3mmol)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50mL)中,加入氰化锌(2.0g,16.9mmol)和四三苯基膦钯(2.7g,2.3mmol),加毕,氮气置换三次,反应液升温至115℃搅拌3小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4/1)显示有产物生成,反应液冷却至室温,加水(50mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(80mL x2),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(50mL x3),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=50/1-4/1)得棕色油状标题化合物5d(150mg,收率:4.8%)。
LC-MS:m/z=204.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ7.83(dd,J=8.8,2.8Hz,1H),7.58(dd,J=9.6,2.4Hz,1H),2.92(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.73(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),1.80-1.69(m,4H).
第五步1-氰基-3-氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基三氟甲磺酸酯5e
将化合物5d(100mg,0.49mmol)和1,1,1-三氟-N-苯基-N-三氟甲磺酰基甲磺酰胺(263mg,0.73mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(2mL)中,氮气置换多次,干冰乙醇浴降温至-60℃,然后滴加双三甲基硅基胺基锂(0.64mL,0.64mmol),加毕,该温度下搅拌30分钟,继续升温至0℃搅拌30分钟,再升温至25℃搅拌30分钟。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)显示反应完全,反应液加入氯化铵溶液(4mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(5mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(5mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1-2/1)纯化得到橙色固体标题化合物5e(120mg,收率:72.6%)。
LC-MS:m/z=334.0[M-H]-.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.42-7.36(m,2H),6.52(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),2.77(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.25-2.19(m,2H),2.04-1.98(m,2H).
第六步3-氟-9-((1S,2R)-2-氟-1-羟基-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-1-碳腈5
将化合物5e(70mg,0.21mmol)和化合物IN-2(97mg,0.27mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(1mL)和水(0.3mL)的混合溶液中,然后加入碳酸钠(45mg,0.42mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(18mg,0.021mmol%),加毕,氮气置换多次,反应液升温至100℃搅拌2小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)显示反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,加水(3mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(5mL x2),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(3mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经Pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)纯化得黄色油状粗品。粗品制备纯化得白色固体标题化合物5(35mg,收率:34.4%)。
LC-MS:m/z=398.2[M-18+H]+.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.86(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.32-7.28(m,2H),7.25-7.23(m,1H),6.60(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.66-5.62(m,1H),5.32-5.15(m,1H),3.27(s,3H),3.01-2.81(m,2H),2.74(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.26-2.19(m,2H),2.16-2.02(m,2H).
合成例8:化合物6合成过程
(1S,2R)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚
-1-醇6
第一步(1S,2R)-4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2-氟-7-(甲基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇6a
将化合物1e(200mg,0.61mmol),化合物IN-2(217mg,0.61mmol),碳酸钠(129mg,1.22mmol)和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯二氯甲烷络合物(50mg,0.061mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(2mL)和水(0.2mL)的混合溶液中,氮气保护下,反应液加热到75℃反应4小时,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)检测反应完全,反应液降到室温,加水淬灭,乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物6a(216mg,收率87%)。
LC-MS:m/z=391.2[M-18+H]+
第二步(1S,2R)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇6
将化合物6a(120mg,0.29mmol)和钯碳(120mg,10%)溶于甲醇(2mL)中,氢气氛围下,室温反应16小时,LCMS检测反应完全。反应液垫硅藻土过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经Prep-HPLC纯化得白色固体标题化合物6(52mg,收率43%)。
LC-MS:m/z=393.2[M-18+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.76(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.68-6.60(m,1H),5.71-5.64(m,1H),5.54-5.27(m,1H),4.75(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.46-3.36(m,1H),3.26(s,3H),3.23-2.97(m,2H),2.83-2.71(m,1H),2.16-2.01(m,3H),1.89-1.79(m,1H),1.71-1.51(m,3H).
合成例9:化合物7合成过程
(1S,2R)-4-((R)-6,8-二氟-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并[b]氧杂-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇7
第一步4-(3,5-二氟苯氧基)丁酸乙酯7b
将化合物7a(10.0g,76.9mmol)溶于丙酮(200mL)中,室温下加入4-溴丁酸乙酯(19.5g,100.0mmol),碘化钠(2.3g,15.4mmol)和碳酸钾(21.0g,154.0mmol),加毕,反应液在60℃下继续搅拌16小时,TLC检测原料反应完全;反应液冷却到室温后过滤,滤饼用乙酸乙酯(100mL)淋洗2次,合并有机相,浓缩得棕色固体标题化合物7b(24.0g,粗品),直接用于下一步。
第二步4-(3,5-二氟苯氧基)丁酸7c
将化合物7b(24.0g,粗品)溶于乙醇(120mL)中,室温下加入氢氧化钠水溶液(300mL,5N),加毕,反应在室温下搅拌1小时,TLC检测原料反应完全;反应液减压浓缩除去大部分乙醇,粗品稀盐酸(1N)酸化至pH=5,乙酸乙酯萃取(200mL x2),合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得白色固体标题化合物7c(8.1g,粗品),直接用于下一步。
第三步6,8-二氟-3,4-二氢苯并[b]氧杂环丙烷-5(2H)-酮7d
将化合物7c(3.1g,粗品)溶于三氟甲磺酸(20mL)中,氮气保护下室温搅拌12小时,TLC检测原料反应完全;将反应液倒入到冰水(100mL)中淬灭,饱和碳酸钠水溶液调节pH=8,乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL x2),合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(EA/PE=1:15)纯化得黄色油状液体标题化合物7d(1.2g,3步合并收率20%)。
第四步6,8-二氟-2,3-二氢苯并[b]氧杂环丙烷-5-基三氟甲磺酸酯7e
将化合物7d(1.2g,6.1mmol)溶于无水四氢呋喃(50mL)中,加入N-苯基双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺(3.3g,9.2mmol),氮气保护下冷却到-60℃后,缓慢滴加双三甲基硅基胺基锂(9.2mL,9.2mmol),滴加完成后,反应在-60℃下搅拌0.5小时后升温至室温继续反应1小时,TLC检测原料反应完全;将反应液倒入到冰水(100mL)中淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL x2),合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(EA/PE=1:20)纯化得黄色油状液体标题化合物7e(0.85g,收率:42%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ6.68-6.65(m,2H),6.30(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.41(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.55(dd,J=12.4,6.0Hz,2H).
第五步(1S,2R)-4-(6,8-二氟-2,3-二氢苯并[b]氧杂环丙烷-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇7f
将化合物7e(100mg,0.30mmol)和化合物IN-2(160mg,0.45mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(2mL)和水(0.5mL)的混合溶液中,加入碳酸钠(64mg,0.60mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(25mg,0.03mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,反应液升温至100℃搅拌2小时。TLC(PE/EA=2/1,Rf=0.3)显示反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,加水(3mL)稀释,乙酸乙酯萃取(5mL x2),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(3mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经由Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得黄色油状标题化合物7f(115mg,收率:93.4%)。
LC-MS:m/z=393.1[M-18+H]+.
第六步(1S,2R)-4-((R)-6,8-二氟-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并[b]氧杂-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇7
将化合物7f(115mg,0.28mmol)溶解在甲醇(2mL)中,加入湿钯碳(30mg,0.028mmol,10%),加毕,氢气置换多次,反应液25℃搅拌16小时,LCMS显示反应完全。反应液直接过滤,滤饼甲醇(2mL)洗涤,滤液浓缩得粗品。粗品经由Prep-TLC(PE/EA =2/1)纯化得白色固体标题化合物7(68.76mg,收率:59.5%)。
LC-MS:m/z=395.1[M-18+H]+.
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ7.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.35-7.27(m,1H),7.07-7.01(m,1H),6.93(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),5.93-5.87(m,1H),5.60-5.54(m,1H),5.46-5.26(m,1H),4.83-4.78(m,1H),4.46-4.38(m,1H),3.98-3.92(m,1H),3.51-3.42(m,1H),3.38(s,3H),3.36-3.21(m,1H),2.30-2.08(m,2H),1.89-1.68(m,2H).
合成例10:化合物8合成过程
(S)-1-((S)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-5,5-二氟-3-(甲磺酰基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊基[c]噻吩-4-醇8
第一步3-(2,5-二氯噻吩-3-基)丙酸8b
向在250mL圆底烧瓶中的化合物8a(10.00g,60.82mmol)中加入甲苯(100mL)和磺酰氯(19.87g,134.24mmol)。所得溶液于69℃下搅4h。然后通过加入100mL水/冰淬灭反应并用4×100mL乙酸乙酯萃取。合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发溶剂。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化得到标题化合物8b(白色固体,11.2g)。
LCMS:m/z=225.0[M+H]+.
第二步3-(2,5-二氯噻吩-3-基)丙酰氯8c
向在经氮气吹扫的250mL圆底烧瓶中的化合物8b(11.2g,46.48mmol)中加入氯化亚砜(100.0mL,1.05mol)。所得溶液于25℃下搅拌5h。然后减压浓缩混合物,得到标题化合物8c(橙色油,10.5g)。
第三步1,3-二氯-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8d
在经氮气吹扫的500mL圆底烧瓶中将化合物8c(10.50g,40.44mmol)溶解在DCM(110mL)中并将溶液冷却至0-5℃。缓慢加入三氯化铝(45.41g,323.46mmol)。所得混合物于25℃下搅拌12h。然后将其倒入1L水/冰中并用3×400mL乙酸乙酯萃取。合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥并蒸发溶剂。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化得到标题化合物8d(淡黄色固体,5.12g)。
LCMS:m/z=206.9[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.96(m,2H),2.81(m,2H).
第四步1,3-二氯-5-氟-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8e
向在250mL圆底烧瓶中的化合物8d(5.12g,23.48mmol)中加入选择性氟试剂(selectfluor)(13.14g,35.22mmol)、MeOH(60mL)和浓硫酸(705.2mg,7.04mmol)。反应于70℃下搅拌48h。在起始材料完全转化后,加入水(50mL)并将所得混合物于70℃下搅拌2h。然后用3×100mL乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化,用EA/PE(1:8)洗脱,得到标题化合物8e(白色固体,4.9g)。
LCMS:m/z=224.8[M+H]+.
第五步 叔丁基((1,3-二氯-5-氟-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-6-基)氧基)二甲基硅烷8f
向经氮气吹扫的250mL圆底烧瓶中加入化合物8e(4.90g,18.5mmol)、DCM(60mL)、三乙胺(13.6mL,92.5mmol)和叔丁基二甲硅基三氟甲磺酸酯(6.18g,22.2mmol)。所得溶液于0℃下搅拌3h并然后真空浓缩。残余物经由柱色谱法直接纯化,用EA/PE(1:100)洗脱,得到标题化合物8f(白色固体,5.4g)。
第六步1,3-二氯-5,5-二氟-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8g
向经氮气吹扫的250mL圆底烧瓶中加入化合物8f(3.00g,7.25mmol)、选择性氟试剂(4.06g,10.9mmol)和乙腈(100mL)。反应混合物于0℃下搅拌3h。滤出固体并真空浓缩滤液。然后经由柱色谱法纯化残余物,用EA/PE(1:18)洗脱,得到标题化合物8g(黄色固体,1.6g)。
LCMS:m/z=242.9[M+H]+.
第七步1-氯-5,5-二氟-3-(甲硫基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8h
向经氮气吹扫的100mL圆底烧瓶中加入化合物8g(1.6g,9.48mmol)、(甲基硫烷基)钠(510mg,6.86mmol)和四氢呋喃(60mL)。反应混合物于室温下搅拌2h。然后它通过加入50mL水/冰淬灭。所得混合物用3×60mL乙酸乙酯萃取。合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化,用EA/PE(1:20)洗脱,得到标题化合物8h(黄色固体,1.24g)。
LCMS:m/z=254.9[M+H]+.
第八步1-氯-5,5-二氟-3-(甲基磺酰基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8i
于室温下在氮气氛下向化合物8h(1.24g,4.62mmol)在MeOH中的搅拌着的溶液中逐份加入过硫酸氢钾(Oxone)(6.57g,37.1mmol)。所得混合物在氮气氛下于室温下搅拌过夜。过滤所得混合物并用乙酸乙酯(4×20mL)洗涤滤饼。减压浓缩滤液。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用PE/EA(6:1)洗脱,得到标题化合物8i(白色固体,1.1g)。
LCMS:m/z=286.9[M+H]+.
第九步1-氯-5,5-二氟-3-(甲基磺酰基)-5,6-二氢螺环[环戊烷[c]噻吩-4,2'-[1,3]二氧戊环]8j
于室温下向在100mL圆底烧瓶中的化合物8i(1.1g,3.45mmol)中加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(15mL)、碳酸钾(1.01g,7.26mmol)和2-溴乙烷-1-醇(924mg,7.02mmol)。所得混合物于室温下搅拌2h。然后用100mL乙酸乙酯稀释并用水(3×50mL)洗涤。用硫酸钠干燥有机相并减压浓缩。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化,用(PE/EA 3:1)洗脱,得到标题化合物8j(淡黄色固体,0.95g)。
LCMS:m/z=331.0[M+H]+.
第十步1-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-5,5-二氟-3-(甲基磺酰基)-5,6-二氢螺并[环戊烷[c]噻吩-4,2'-[1,3]二氧戊环]8k
向室温下在20mL密封管中的化合物8j(300mg,1.36mol)中加入化合物1f(500mg,1.63mol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(104mg,0.14mmol)、碳酸钠(144mg,2.15mmol)、二氧六环(8mL)和水(1mL)。所得混合物经受三个真空/氮气冲洗循环并在氮气氛下于80℃搅拌2h。真空浓缩所得混合物。残余物通过制备纯化得到标题化合物8k(淡黄色固体,0.16g)。
LCMS:m/z=475.1[M+H]+.
第十一步1-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-5,5-二氟-3-(甲基磺酰基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-酮8l
向在50mL圆底烧瓶中的化合物8k(160mg,0.34mmol)中加入DCM(10mL)、高氯酸(2mL,50mmol)。反应混合物于室温下搅拌2h。然后用50mL DCM稀释。有机相用50mL碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物8l(淡黄色固体,0.09g)。
LCMS:m/z=431.0[M+H]+.
第十二步(S)-1-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-5,5-二氟-3-(甲基磺酰基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊烷[c]噻吩-4-醇8m
向经氮气吹扫的100mL三口瓶中,将甲酸(29mg,0.63mmol)和三乙胺(43mg,0.42mmol)加入到溶剂DCM(8ml)中,将反应体系降温至0度搅拌20分钟,向反应体系中依次加入化合物8l(90mg)和手性催化剂(5mg),升至室温反应过夜。向反应体系中加入50mL水。用3×60mL乙酸乙酯萃取。合并有机层,用硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。残余物经由柱色谱法纯化,用MeOH/DCM(10:1)洗脱,得到标题化合物8m(黄色固体,0.06g)。
LCMS:m/z=431.0[M-H]-.
第十三步(S)-1-((S)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-5,5-二氟-3-(甲磺酰基)-5,6-二氢-4H-环戊基[c]噻吩-4-醇8
50ml单口瓶中,将化合物8m(60mg,0.14mmol)溶于溶剂甲醇(5ml)中,加入钯碳(6mg,10%w),氢气环境下反应14h.用硅藻土过滤,滤液直接旋干后Prep-TLC纯化得到标题化合物8(黄色固体,0.03g)。
LCMS:m/z=433.1[M-H]-.
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.16(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.68-6.65(m,1H),4.97(s,2H),3.37(s,3H),3.19-2.91(m,2H),2.84-2.81(m,1H),2.67-2.61(m,1H),2.46-2.41(m,1H),1.87-1.79(m,3H),1.71-1.65(m,1H),1.39-1.29(m,1H).
合成例11:化合物9合成过程
(1S,2R)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-4-((R)-2,4,9,9-四氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇9
第一步(1S,2R)-4-(2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5h-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-乙酸酯9a
将化合物6(450mg,1.10mmol),三乙胺(133mg,1.32mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(13mg,0.11mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(1mL)中,降温到0℃,慢慢滴加乙酸酐(134mg,1.32mmol),加毕,缓慢升至室温继续反应0.5小时,TLC检测原料反应完全,反应液降到0℃,加水(5mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物9a(422mg,收率85%)。
第二步(1S,2R)-4-(2,4-二氟-9-氧-6,7,8,9-四氢-5h-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2-氟-7-(甲基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚酮-1-乙酸酯9b
将化合物9a(180mg,0.40mmol)溶于乙酸(2mL)和乙酸酐(2mL)的混合溶液中,降温到0℃,加入三氧化铬(119mg,1.19mmol),加毕,缓慢升至室温继续反应2小时,TLC检测原料反应完全;0℃下加水(10mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(10mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物9b(37mg,收率20%)。
LC-MS:m/z=465.1[M-H]-.
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.72(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.51-7.42(m,1H),7.23(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=13.2,4.8Hz,1H),5.60-5.48(m,1H),4.93-4.90(m,1H),3.51-3.37(m,2H),3.27(s,3H),2.96-2.65(m,2H),2.21-2.13(m,3H),2.12-2.02(m,2H),1.86-1.78(m,1H),1.54-1.41(m,1H).
第三步(1S,2R)-4-(1,3-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢螺旋体[苯并[7]环烯-5,2'-[1,3]二硫醚]-9-基)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酯乙酸酯9c
将化合物9b(37mg,0.079mmol),1,2-乙二硫醇(37mg,0.40mmol)和对甲苯磺酸一水合物(1.50mg,0.0079mmol)溶于甲苯(1mL)中,加热到100℃反应16小时,TLC检测原料反应完全。反应液加水淬灭,乙酸乙酯(5mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(5mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物9c(19mg,收率44%)。
第四步(1S,2R)-2-氟-7-(甲磺酰基)-4-((R)-2,4,9,9-四氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇9
将N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(16mg,0.070mmol)和吡啶氢氟酸盐(25mg,0.18mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(0.5mL)中,降温到-60℃,慢慢滴加化合物9c(19mg,0.035mmol)和二氯甲烷(0.2mL)的混合液,加毕,继续-60℃下反应0.5小时,TLC检测原料反应完全。加水(10mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(5mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,水(5mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经pre-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物9(3mg,收率19%)。
LC-MS:m/z=445.1[M-H]-.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.07(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.88(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.70-5.66(m,1H),5.52-5.38(m,1H),4.76(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.73(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),3.51-3.42(m,1H),3.26(s,3H),3.24-3.11(m,1H),2.59-2.38(m,1H),2.38-2.03(m,3H),1.78-1.65(m,2H).
合成例12:化合物10合成过程
(R)-3-氟-9-((1S,2R)-2-氟-1-羟基-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-
苯并[7]环烯-1-腈10
第一步3-氟-9-((1S,2R)-2-氟-1-羟基-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]亚萘基-1-甲腈10a
将化合物5e(180mg,0.54mmol)和化合物IN-1的硼酯(266mg,0.65mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(3mL)和水(1.5mL)的混合溶液中,加入碳酸钠(115mg,1.08mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(44mg,0.054mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,反应液升温至100℃搅拌2小时。TLC显示反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,加水(3mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(5mL x2),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(3mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得白色固体标题化合物10a(150mg,收率59.2%)。
LC-MS:m/z=468.1[M-H]-.
第二步(R)-3-氟-9-((1S,2R)-2-氟-1-羟基-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-1-腈10
将化合物10a(50mg,0.11mmol)溶解在甲醇(2.5mL)和乙酸乙酯(2.5mL)的混合溶液中,加入湿钯碳(78mg,0.074mmol,纯度10%),加毕,氢气置换多次,反应液在25℃搅拌48小时,LCMS显示有新分子生成,抽滤,滤饼甲醇(5mL)洗涤,滤液浓缩得粗品。粗品经Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得黄色固体标题化合物10(1.79mg,收率:3.5%)。
LC-MS:m/z=454.1[M-18+H]+.
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ7.82(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.26-7.18(m,2H),7.04(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.63-5.56(m,1H),5.43-5.26(m,1H),4.95(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.57-3.45(m,1H),3.26-3.16(m,1H),3.11-3.01(m,2H),2.87-2.77(m,1H),2.24-2.08(m,2H),2.06-1.83(m,2H),1.72-1.62(m,2H).
合成例13:化合物11合成过程(S)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(三氟甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚
-1-醇11
第一步((7-溴-2-氟-4-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-1H-茚-3-基)氧基)(叔丁基)二甲基硅烷11a
将化合物IN-1i(1.3g,3.60mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(20mL)中,冰浴降温至0℃,然后加入三乙胺(2.2g,21.6mmol),滴加叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基三氟甲磺酸酯(1.9g,7.2mmol),滴毕,该温度下搅拌2小时。TLC显示有新点生成,部分原料剩余,反应时间越长,TLC慢慢变杂。反应液加冰水(15mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(20mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(15mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(PE/EA=50/1-20/1)得无色液体标题化合物11a(250mg,收率:14.6%)。
第二步4-溴-2,2-二氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮11b
将化合物11a(250mg,0.53mmol)溶解在乙腈(5mL)中,冰浴降温至0℃,加入选择性氟试剂(282mg,0.80mmol),加毕,反应液在该温度下搅拌2小时。TLC显示反应完全。反应液加水(5mL)稀释,乙酸乙酯(6mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(6mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(PE/EA=20/1-5/1)得白色固体标题化合物11b(150mg,收率:74.7%)。
LC-MS:m/z=378.9[M-H]-.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ8.21(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.61(t,J=12.0Hz,2H).
第三步4-溴-2,2-二氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚1-醇11c
将化合物11b(140mg,0.37mmol),甲酸(102mg,2.22mmol)和三乙胺(150mg,1.48mmol)加到二氯甲烷(3mL)中。冰浴降温至0℃,在0℃和氮气保护下加[氯化钌(η6-对甲基异丙基苯)(N-甲苯磺酰基-1,2-二苯基乙二胺)](9.4mg,0.015mmol),加毕,反应液在0℃和氮气保护下反应16小时。TLC显示原料消失,反应液加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(6mL)淬灭,二氯甲烷(6mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(6mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物11c(110mg,收率:78.0%)。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ8.11(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),5.33-5.29(m,1H),3.74-3.61(m,1H),3.47(t,J=17.6Hz,1H).
第四步4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2,2-二氟-7-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇11d
将化合物11c(100mg,0.33mmol)和化合物IN-2(100mg,0.26mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(2mL)和水(1mL)的混合溶液中,加入碳酸钠(70mg,0.66mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(27mg,0.033mmol),加毕,氮气置换多次,反应液升温至100℃搅拌2小时。TLC显示反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,加水(5mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取(6mL x2),合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗(5mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得粗品。粗品经由Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得无色油状标题化合物11d(120mg,收率:75.7%)。
LC-MS:m/z=479.0[M-H]-.
第五步(S)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(三氟甲磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇11
将化合物11d(50mg,0.10mmol)溶解在甲醇(5mL)中,加入湿钯碳(71mg,0.067mmol,纯度10%),加毕,氢气置换多次,反应液在25℃下搅拌4小时,LCMS显示有新产物生成。反应液直接抽滤,滤饼甲醇(5mL)洗涤,滤液浓缩得粗品。粗品经Prep-TLC(PE/EA=2/1)纯化得白色固体标题化合物11(9.05mg,收率:18.8%)。
LC-MS:m/z=481.1[M-H]-.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ7.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.78(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.70-6.65(m,1H),5.41(dd,J=13.2,3.2Hz,1H),4.72(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.70-3.49(m,2H),3.19(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),3.01-2.94(m,1H),2.81-2.77(m,1H),2.13-2.09(m,2H),1.89-1.81(m,1H),1.74-1.59(m,3H).
合成例14:化合物12合成过程
(R)-8-((1S,2R)-7-(二甲基磷酰基)-2-氟-1-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-3-氟-5,6,7,8-四氢萘-1-腈12
第一步3-(2-溴-5-氯苯基)丙酸12b
氮气保护下,将甲酸(2.52g,54.66mmol)在0℃下滴加到三乙胺(2.40g,23.69mmol)中,制备好的液体和化合物12a(2g,9.11mmol)以及米氏酸(1.31g,9.11mmol)加到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中,氮气置换三次,反应液加热至60℃反应12小时。加水(2mL),升温至95℃下反应16小时。TLC显示反应结束,反应液冷却至室温,加入1N稀盐酸(10mL)调至pH=2-3,乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(PE:EA=8:1)纯化得到标题化合物12b(1.3g,收率54.15%)。
LC-MS:m/z=260.9[M-H]-.
第二步4-溴-7-氯-2,3-二氢茚酮12c
将化合物12b(1g,3.79mmol)加到三氟甲磺酸(2mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液升温至60℃反应16小时。TLC显示反应结束,反应液冷却至室温,倒入冰水中淬灭。二氯甲烷(50mLx2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(PE:EA=5:1,Rf=0.7)纯化得到黄色固体标题化合物12c(0.8g,收率:85.98%)。
LC-MS:m/z=245.0[M+H]+.
第三步4-溴-7-氯-2-氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮12d
将化合物12c(0.83g,3.38mmol),选择性氟试剂(selectfluor)(1.32g,3.72mmol)和浓硫酸(1.7mg,0.017mmol)加到甲醇(10mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液加热至75℃反应4小时,加入0.3N稀硫酸(1mL),继续在此温度下反应1小时。TLC显示反应结束,反应液冷却至室温,乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析(PE:EA=8:1)纯化得到淡黄色固体标题化合物12d(797mg,收率89.49%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.58-5.43(m,1H),3.57-3.48(m,1H),3.14-3.03(m,1H).
第四步8-(7-氯-2-氟-1-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-3-氟-5,6-二氢萘-1-碳腈12e
将化合物12d(517mg,1.96mmol),3-氟-8-(四甲基-1,3,2-二氧苯并呋喃-2-基)-5,6-二氢萘-1-碳腈(0.56g,1.86mmol),Pd(dppf)Cl2(0.22g,0.29mmol)和碳酸钠(0.42g,3.92mmol)加到1,4-二氧六环(5mL)和水(0.5mL)的混合溶液中,氮气保护下,反应液加热至75℃下反应16小时。TLC显示反应结束。反应液冷却至室温,加入乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(10mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(PE:EA=8:1)得到淡黄色固体标题化合物12e(342mg,收率49.05%)。
LC-MS:m/z=354.0[M-H]-.
第五步8-(7-(二甲基磷酰基)-1-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-3-氟-5,6-二氢萘-1-碳腈12f
将化合物12e(480mg,1.35mmol),二甲基氧化膦(0.32g,4.05mmol),磷酸钾(0.36g,1.69mmol),Xantphos(0.12g,0.20mmol)和醋酸钯(0.045g,0.20mmol)加到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液微波120℃反应5小时,TLC显示反应结束,LCMS显示有新点生成。反应液冷却至室温,加水(10mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(10mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经Prep-TLC纯化得到绿色油状标题化合物12f(71mg,收率13.86%)。
LC-MS:m/z=380.2[M+H]+.
第六步8-(7-(二甲基磷酰基)-2-氟-1-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-3-氟-5,6-二氢萘-1-碳腈12g
将化合物12f(71mg,0.19mmol),选择性氟试剂(selectfluor)(0.074g,0.21mmol)和浓硫酸(0.093mg,0.00095mmol)加到甲醇(5mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液加热至75℃反应4小时,加入0.3N稀硫酸(1mL),加毕,继续在此温度下反应1小时。TLC显示反应结束,反应液冷却至室温,乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗品经Prep-TLC(DCM:MeOH=20:1)纯化得到淡棕色固体标题化合物12g(61mg,收率80.80%)。
LC-MS:m/z=398.1[M+H]+.
第七步8-[(1S,2R)-7-(二甲基磷酰基)-2-氟-1-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基]-3-氟-5,6-二氢萘-1-腈12h
将化合物12g(65mg,0.16mmol),三乙胺(32mg,0.32mmol)加到二氯甲烷(5mL)中,氮气保护下,反应液降温至0℃加(R,R)-N-(对甲苯磺酰)-1,2-二苯乙烷二胺(对异丙基苯)氯化钌(8.3mg,0.013mmol)和甲酸(22mg,0.48mmol),加毕,反应在0℃下继续反应16小时。TLC显示原料消失,反应液直接浓缩。粗品经Prep-TLC纯化(DCM:MeOH=30:1)得到透明油状标题化合物12h(50mg,收率78.25%)。
LC-MS:m/z=400.1[M+H]+.
第八步(R)-8-((1S,2R)-7-(二甲基磷酰基)-2-氟-1-羟基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)-3-氟-5,6,7,8-四氢萘-1-腈12
将化合物12h(51mg,0.13mmol)和钯碳(20mg,0.19mmol,10%)加到甲醇(5mL)中,氢气保护下,反应液室温反应16小时,TLC显示原料剩余(DCM:MeOH=20:1,Rf=0.2),反应液继续反应16小时,LCMS和TLC显示反应结束。反应液过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品通过Prep-TLC纯化(DCM:MeOH=20:1),然后再次通过Prep-HPLC制备得到淡黄色油状标题化合物12(3.04mg,收率5.83%)。
LC-MS:m/z=402.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23-7.15(m,3H),6.60(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.48(s,1H),5.43-5.34(m,1H),4.57(s,1H),3.48-3.38(m,1H),2.98-2.83(m,3H),1.89-1.82(m,11H).
合成例15:化合物13和14合成过程(S)-4-((S)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-2,3-二氢
-1H-茚-1-醇13
(S)-4-((R)-2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-2,3-二氢
-1H-茚-1-醇14
第一步[(7-溴-4-氯-2-氟-1h-茚-3-基)氧基](叔丁基)二甲基硅烷13a
将化合物12d(10.40g,39.40mmol)和三乙胺(23.90g,236.80mmol)加到二氯甲烷(100mL)中,在0℃和氮气保护下滴加叔丁基二甲硅基三氟甲磺酸酯(20.80g,78.90mmol)。加毕,保温反应1.5小时。TLC监测原料反应完全,反应液加入饱和碳酸氢钠(30mL)淬灭,乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,有机相合并再用饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩得到无色油状标题化合物13a(14.00g,粗品),直接用于下一步。
第二步4-溴-7-氯-2,2-二氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮13b
将化合物13a(14.00g,粗品)和1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷二(四氟硼酸)盐(19.60g,55.50mmol)溶解到乙腈(100mL)中,在氮气保护下,室温反应0.5小时,TLC监测原料反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液浓缩除去大部分有机溶剂,再加入二氯甲烷(300mL)溶解,饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物13b(6.40g,两步合并收率:57.60%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.79(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.47(t,J=12.4Hz,2H).
第三步(1S)-4-溴-7-氯-2,2-二氟-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇13c
将三乙胺(3.20g,31.90mmol)溶解到二氯甲烷(82mL)中,在0℃下滴加甲酸(2.40g,53.30mmol),滴毕,在室温下搅拌30分钟。然后在0℃下加入(R,R)-N-(对甲苯磺酰)-1,2-二苯乙烷二胺(对异丙基苯)氯化钌(0.10g,0.20mmol)和化合物13b(3.00g,10.60mmol);加毕,在此温度下继续搅拌1.5小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯:乙醇=10/1/0.5)监测原料反应完全,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)得到无色油状标题化合物13c(2.36g,收率:78.00%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.45(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=2.8Hz,12.4Hz,1H),3.54-3.34(m,2H),2.63(d,J=2.8Hz,1H).
第四步(1S)-4-溴-7-氯-2,2-二氟-1-(甲氧基甲氧基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚13d
将化合物13c(2.30g,8.10mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(3.10g,24.30mmol)加到1,2-二氯乙烷(10mL)中,在0℃下滴加氯甲基甲醚(1.90g,24.30mmol),加毕,反应液升至45℃反应16小时。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)监测原料反应完全,反应液直接浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物13d(1.97g,收率:74.10%)。
第五步9-[(1S)-7-氯-2,2-二氟-1-(甲氧基甲氧基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基]-1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯13e
将化合物13d(0.25g,0.76mmol),中间体IN-2(0.21g,0.68mmol),碳酸钠(0.16g,1.52mmol),Pd(dppf)Cl2(0.06g,0.076mmol)和水(0.5mL)加到1,4-二氧六环(5mL)中,在氮气下升温至80℃反应3小时。TLC监测原料反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,加水(50mL)洗涤,饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)纯化得到无色油状标题化合物13e(0.22g,收率:67.20%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27-7.25(m,1H),7.18(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.64(t,J=10.8Hz,1H),6.32(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.07(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.94-4.87(m,2H),3.50(s,3H),3.18-3.05(m,1H),2.83(t,J=17.2Hz,1H),2.69-2.65(m,2H),2.20-1.91(m,4H).
第六步5-[(3S)-7-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2,2-二氟-3-(甲氧基甲氧基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑13f
将化合物13e(270mg,0.63mmol),1-甲基-5-(四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)-1H-吡唑(0.16g,0.76mmol),碳酸钠(0.27g,2.52mmol),氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',6'-二甲氧基-1,1'-联苯基)(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II)(0.05g,0.06mmol)和水(3mL)分散在1,4-二氧六环(8mL)中,在氮气下升温至100℃搅拌2小时。TLC监测原料反应完全,反应液冷却至室温,乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取,饱和食盐水(50mL x2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物13f(223mg,收率:74.92%)。
第七步(1S)-4-(1,3-二氟-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-9-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇13g
将化合物13f(0.32g,0.68mmol)和三氟乙酸(3.06g,26.84mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(7mL)中,反应液在室温下反应16小时,TLC监测原料反应完全,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)纯化得到白色固体标题化合物13g(227mg,收率:77.92%)
LC-MS:m/z=429.2[M+H]+.
第八步(1S)-4-(2,4-二氟-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]环烯-5-基)-2,2-二氟-7-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-醇13
将化合物13g(0.20g,0.47mmol)和钯碳(0.07g,0.69mmol,10%)加到甲醇(4mL)中,在氢气下升温至50℃搅拌反应16小时。LCMS显示反应结束,反应液经硅藻土过滤,二氯甲烷(50mL)洗涤三次,合并有机相,浓缩,粗品经Prep-TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯/乙醇=2:1:0.5)纯化得到标题化合物13和化合物14。
化合物13:白色固体,收率:24.71%。
LC-MS:m/z=431.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.73(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.67-6.62(m,1H),6.41(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.98-4.94(m,1H),4.63(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.64-3.52(m,1H),3.43-3.33(m,1H),3.15-3.07(m,1H),2.77-2.72(m,1H),2.45-2.43(m,1H),2.14-2.09(m,2H),1.90-1.82(m,1H),1.74-1.61(m,3H).
19F NMR(377MHz,CDCl3)δ-104.12,-109.92,-112.94,-115.43.
化合物14:白色固体,收率:10.87%。
LC-MS:m/z=431.2[M+H]+.
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.69-6.65(m,1H),6.46(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.84-4.80(m,1H),4.70(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.67-3.43(m,2H),3.08-3.01(m,1H),2.77-2.73(m,1H),2.60(br,1H),2.23-2.13(m,1H),2.10-1.98(m,1H),1.90-1.82(m,1H),1.70-1.61(m,3H).
19F NMR(377MHz,CDCl3)δ-104.59,-110.46,-112.95,-115.76.
药理测试部分
测试例1化合物抑制HIF-2α和HIF-1β结合的活性检测
1、实验材料
试剂名称 | 供货商 | 货号 |
His-HIF-2α | Bioduro | Lot20200807-2 |
GST-HIF-1β | Abcam | ab268638 |
Eu-anti-GST | Cisbio | 61GSTKLA |
XL665-anti-His | Cisbio | 61HISXLA |
2、仪器
离心机(生产厂家:Eppendorf,型号:5430);酶标仪(生产厂家:Perkin Elmer,型号:EnVision);Echo 550(生产厂家:Labcyte,型号:Echo 550)
3、实验步骤
配制1×modified TR-FRET assay buffer;化合物浓度梯度的配制:受试化合物测试浓度为50μM起始,3倍稀释,10个浓度点,复孔检测。在384孔板中用DMSO稀释成1000倍终浓度的溶液,然后用Echo 550转移10μL化合物到反应板中。用1×modified TR-FRETassay buffer配制2倍终浓度的GST-HIF-2alpha溶液。在化合物孔和阳性对照孔分别加5μL的2倍终浓度的GST-HIF-2alpha溶液;在阴性对照孔中加5μL的1×Assay buffer。1000rpm离心30秒,振荡混匀后室温孵育15分钟。用1×Assay buffer配制2倍终浓度的His-HIF-1beta溶液。加入5μL的2倍终浓度的His-HIF-1beta溶液。1000rpm离心30秒,振荡混匀后室温孵育60分钟。用1×Assay buffer配制2倍终浓度的Anti mix溶液(4倍终浓度的Eu-anti-GST和4倍终浓度的XL665-anti-His)。加入10μL的2×Anti mix溶液(5μL的Eu-anti-GST和5μL的XL665-anti-His)。1000rpm离心30秒,振荡混匀后室温孵育60分钟。使用EnVision读取665nm和620nm的荧光强度,并计算TR-FRET ratio(665nm emission/620nm emission)。计算抑制率,拟合量效曲线,以浓度的log值作为X轴,百分比抑制率为Y轴,采用分析软件GraphPad Prism 5的log(inhibitor)vs.response-Variable slope拟合量效曲线,从而得出各个化合物对酶活性的IC50值。
本实验用PT-2977作为阳性对照。
本公开中实施例化合物抑制HIF-2α的活性通过以上的试验进行测定,测得的IC50值见表1。
表1化合物抑制HIF-2α的活性数据
本发明化合物具有优异的HIF-2α抑制活性。
测试例2 VEGF-ELISA检测(IC50)
1、实验材料
Items | Vendor | Cat. |
Human VEGF Quantikine ELISA Kit | R&D | SVE00 |
Corning 96 well clear flat bottom | Corning | 3599 |
2、仪器:PerkinElmer公司的Envision
3、实验步骤
取对数期生长的786-O细胞接种于96孔板中,细胞浓度为每毫升培养液4000个细胞,180μL每孔,将96孔板放在37℃、5% CO2的培养箱中过夜。
10倍化合物的制备:化合物浓度在DMSO中稀释,以获得1mM起始3倍稀释后的8个浓度点。然后用RPMI 1640培养基将化合物稀释100倍,为最终的10倍化合物浓度。此时细胞培养基中DMSO的浓度为1%。
在细胞板中加入10倍工作浓度的化合物溶液20ul/孔,DMSO浓度为0.1%。然后在37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养72小时。收集上清150μL/孔,使用ELISA试剂盒测定VEGF浓度,最后终止反应,使用酶标仪在450nm和570nm波长下测量各孔的光吸收值,通过GraphPrism计算IC50。
本实验用PT-2977作为阳性对照。
本公开中实施例的活性通过以上的试验进行测定,测得的IC50值见表2。
表2 VEGF-ELISA的活性数据
化合物 | IC50(μM) |
PT-2977 | 0.034 |
1 | 0.219 |
测试例3荧光素酶实验(IC50)
本实验中所用细胞为786O-HRE-Luciferase稳转细胞株(序列为9*HRE-Luci),在786O-HRE-Luci稳转细胞株处于对数成长期时进行试验,使用培养基(RPMI1640 MEDIUM,购自GIBCO)培养。待细胞满度达到80~90%时弃去培养基,PBS清洗三次,加入胰蛋白酶(购自BI)消化细胞,用含血清培养基清洗细胞终止细胞消化,收集细胞后进行离心,用PBS吹洗一次去除培养基中的酚红,将细胞重悬至合适的浓度检测细胞密度和成活率,保证细胞活率在95%以上方可进行下一步实验。
将细胞接种至384孔中,3000cells/well,30μL培养基,加入化合物使终浓度分别为10000、3333、1111、370、123、41.1、13.7、4.6、1.5、0.5nM。将细胞放置于37℃,5% CO2的环境中孵育72h。
孵育结束后加入ONE-GloTM Luciferase Assay System(购自Promega)至384孔板,30μL/well,用酶标仪检测发光值。根据每孔的RLU(Record Luminesence)信号值计算抑制率(%),然后通过Graphpad 9.0拟合计算相应化合物的IC50。
本实验用PT-2977作为阳性对照。
本公开中实施例的活性通过以上的试验进行测定,测得的IC50值见表3。
表3荧光素酶实验的活性数据
化合物 | IC50(μM) |
PT-2977 | 0.00397 |
1 | 0.043 |
并且本发明化合物在溶解性、体内清除率和生物利用度方面与现有阳性化合物相比存在优势。
需要声明的是,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的抑制活性,以此证明其用于与过表达相关疾病的治疗或者缓解方面的治疗用途。
同时,本发明的化合物在水中的溶解性非常优异,并且提示了体内代谢稳定性,有着非常广阔的产业界应用前景。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
Claims (9)
1.式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物或者其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,
Y1、Y2、Y3、Y4及Y5各自独立地选自CR2R3、NR4、CR6R7、NR7、S、O、SO2中的一种;且Y1、Y2、Y3、Y4及Y5中至少一个为CR6R7或NR7;R2~R7之间的任意两个可以连接形成取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基;
Y1~Y5之间的碳碳键可以是单键也可以是双键;
W1、W2及W3各自独立地选自CR5或N,W4选自CR1或N;
R1选自由H、卤素、羟基、CN、NO2、-NRaRb、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-S(O)2NRaRb中的一种;
各R2及R3各自独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-NRaRb中的一种;各R4独立地选自H、C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基及-C(O)Ra;各R5独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-S(O)2Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Ra及-NRaRb中的一种;R6选自H、C1-4烷基、OH、F及CN;
R7为式(a)或式(b)表示的基团:
X1为N、S或CR8a;X2为N或CR8b;X3为N或C,当X3为N时R11不存在;R8a及R8b独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-6环烷基、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra中的一种;R8b可以与R11之间形成取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基;
R9及R10独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra;各Ra及Rb独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基及C1-8羟烷基,
或者,
R9及R10组合形成取代或未取代的5元碳环或杂环、取代或未取代的6元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
R11选自由以下组成的组:H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-PORcRb、-C(O)NRcRb、-N=S(O)RcRb、-N=S(O)2Rb、-S(O)2NRcRb、-S(O)(=NRb)Rc、-S(O)2Rc及取代或未取代的5元或6元杂环或杂芳基环;
Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基及C1-8羟烷基中的一种;Rc选自H、C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8卤代烷氧基、C1-8羟烷基、取代或未取代的C3-6环烷基、取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基及取代或未取代的5元或6元杂芳基中的一种;Rb和Rc之间可以连接形成取代或未取代的3元至6元杂环烷基,
或者,
R10及R11组合形成取代或未取代的5元碳环或杂环、取代或未取代的6元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
或者,
R9,R10及R11组合形成取代或未取代的9-11元碳环或杂环、或杂芳基环,
表示与母核连接的位置,“—”划过的环结构的表达方式,表示连接位点于该环结构上任意能够成键的位置,
上述的取代或未取代是指基团中的H被选自卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基及-NRaRb中的一种或者至少两种的组合以上的基团所取代,或者指基团中的-CH2-中的两个H被替换成氧代=O。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,其中,式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物具有以下式(II)或者式(III)所述的结构,
式(II)和式(III)中,R11、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、W1、W2、W3、W4与式(I)中表示的意义相同,Y1~Y5之间的碳碳键可以是单键也可以是双键;
R9及R10各自独立地选自H、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、C1-6羟烷基、C1-6羟基卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C3-8环烷基、-C(O)Ra、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-S(O)2NRaRb及-S(O)2Ra中的一种;
m为1~8的整数,n为1~3的整数,
m为多个时,各Rz可以相同也可以不同,Rz各自独立地表示H、卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、C1-4羟烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基及-NRaRb;或两个Rz之间可以连接形成环结构,或者,同一个碳原子上的两个Rz被替换成氧代=O;
各Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3卤代烷基、C1-3卤代烷氧基及C1-3羟烷基。
3.如权利要求1或2所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,其中,式(I)所示的苯并[7]环烯类化合物具有以下式(V)所述的结构,
式(V)中,R11、Y2、Y3、Y4、Y5、W2、W3、W4与式(I)中表示的意义相同,
Y1~Y5之间的碳碳键可以是单键也可以是双键;
R12、R13、R14及R15各独立地选自H、卤素、CN、OH、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基及-NRaRb中的一种,Ra及Rb独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷氧基、C1-3卤代烷基、C1-3卤代烷氧基及C1-3羟烷基,
优选地,W2和W4为-CHal-基团,Hal代表卤原子,R12、R13、R14及R15中至少有一个为卤原子。
4.如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,其中,R11为以下基团,表示与母核连接的位置,
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,其为以下具体化合物中的一种:
6.一种药物组合物,其包含预防或治疗有效量的权利要求1-5中任一项的化合物或者其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药,以及药学上可接受的载体,所述药物组合物为固体制剂、半固体制剂、液体制剂或气态制剂,
优选地,所述的药物组合物的剂型为口服剂型或注射剂,所述口服剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或酊剂,所述注射剂包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液,和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或者其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药的无菌粉末。
7.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药在制备2α型缺氧诱导因子抑制剂中的用途。
8.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药在制备用于治疗或预防与2α型缺氧诱导因子相关疾病的药物中的用途;
所述与2α型缺氧诱导因子相关疾病为癌症、炎症性疾病、免疫相关疾病;
所述癌症为以下的癌症:前列腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫癌、脑癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌、睪丸癌、头癌、颈癌、皮肤(包括黑素瘤及基底癌)癌、间皮内膜癌、白血球癌、食道癌、乳房癌、肌肉癌、结缔组织癌、肠癌、肺癌、肾上腺癌、甲状腺癌、肾或骨;神经胶母细胞瘤癌、间皮瘤癌、肾细胞癌、透明细胞肾细胞癌\胃癌、肉瘤、卡波西氏肉瘤、绒毛膜癌、皮肤基底细胞癌或睪丸精原细胞瘤;
所述的炎症选自肺炎、肠炎、肾炎、关节炎、外伤感染;
所述的代谢性疾病选自肥胖症、血脂异常、高脂质血症;
优选地,所述癌症为肾细胞癌和透明细胞肾细胞癌。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的药物组合物中含有按组合物的总重量计0.001-99wt%的式(I)或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、光学异构体、互变异构体、立体异构体、多晶型物、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、同位素标记的化合物、代谢物、螯合物、络合物、包合物或前药。
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