CN117736104A - 一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法 - Google Patents
一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,属于化学制药和精细化工制备技术领域。本发明以各种取代的芳基重氮乙酸酯和氨基乙酸酯为原料,在蓝光照射下发生重排反应得到所需的丁二羧酸酯衍生物。此反应条件温和,操作简便。本发明为丁二羧酸酯衍生物的制备提供了一条简捷而实用的技术路线,在化学制药和精细化工制备技术领域具有广泛的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学制药和精细化工制备技术领域,具体涉及一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,主要涉及可见光催化的重氮卡宾重排反应。
背景技术
丁二羧酸衍生物是一类在有机化学和药物化学中都十分重要的结构骨架。其中丁二羧酸酯又叫琥珀酸酯,其在工业领域具有广泛应用,同时也是一类重要的化工中间体,可以用来合成丁二酸酐以及琥珀酰亚胺等重要化工产品,如下式所示:
2,3-二取代的丁二酸酯的合成方法较多,常见的包括丁二酸的酯化,丁二酰氯的醇解等等。重氮化合物是一种常见的卡宾前体,可通过光诱导、金属催化、酸催化、生物催化等作用产生卡宾活性中间体,其中过渡金属催化发展比较成熟。如专利CN105294471A以重氮,芳胺,硝基烯酯为原料,以铑络合物为催化剂,以手性二烯配体为催化剂,以有机溶剂为溶剂,以分子筛为吸水剂,经过一步反应后,除去溶剂,得到粗产物,经柱层析得到高对映选择性的α-胺基-γ-硝基琥珀酸酯衍生物。
可见光催化的化学反应具有绿色环保、操作简单、条件温和等优点,是近年来研究的热点。2019年,Koenigs课题组报道了可见光介导的胺类化合物和重氮卡宾的[2,3]-Sigmatropic重排反应(Synthesis 2019,51,4348),如下式所示:
然而通过可见光介导的胺类化合物和重氮卡宾的Stevens重排尚未有报道。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,以各种取代的芳基重氮乙酸酯和氨基乙酸酯为原料,在蓝光照射下发生重排反应得到所需的丁二羧酸酯衍生物。此反应产率高,条件温和,操作简便。
本发明所提供的丁二羧酸酯衍生物如式(1)所示,其2、3位均有取代基,由取代的芳基重氮乙酸酯和氨基乙酸酯为原料,在蓝光照射下发生Stevens重排反应得到。此类反应传统上是由过渡金属催化实现的。
其中R1、R2分别独立地是烷基、烷氧基、芳基中的任意一种;或R1、R2是同一个环状结构的组成部分;R3、R4和R5分别独立地是烷基、芳基、烯丙基中的任意一种。
本发明所提供的可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的具体合成路径如下:
其中R1是烷基、烷氧基、芳基中的任意一种;
R2是烷基、烷氧基、芳基中的任意一种;
R1和R2还可以是同一个环状结构的组成部分。
R3、R4和R5分别是烷基、芳基、烯丙基中的任意一种。
优选的,R1、R2是烷基、芳基中的任意一种;R4是烷基;R3是苯基或取代的芳基;R5是烷基。
本发明所提供的可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的具体操作步骤如下:
室温下,将反应原料氨基乙酸酯和取代的芳基重氮乙酸酯溶解在有机溶剂中,之后将反应体系置于氮气氛围中,在蓝色LED灯光照射下,室温搅拌一定时间后,通过柱层析色谱分离得到所需的丁二羧酸酯衍生物。
所用的反应体系中反应原料的浓度为0.05~0.8mol/L,优选为0.4mol/L。
所用的反应原料氨基乙酸酯和取代的芳基重氮乙酸酯的当量比为2~30:6,优选为2:6。
所用的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿等,优选为二氯甲烷。
所用的蓝色LED灯光波长为450到500纳米的蓝光,优选为波长为470纳米的蓝光。
光照反应时间为12h。
本发明提供了一条合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其可能得反应机理如图1所示,通过可见光介导胺类化合物和重氮卡宾的Stevens重排,得到丁二羧酸酯衍生物。此合成方法不需要加任何催化剂和添加剂,只需要使用可见光中的蓝光进行照射即可反应,成本低廉,较为绿色环保,同时反应条件十分温和,操作非常简便,有利于后续的工业化大规模合成。本发明为相关丁二羧酸酯衍生物的合成提供了一条实用的技术路线。
附图说明
图1本发明反应机理图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例对本发明给予进一步说明。
下述非限制性实施例用来解释说明本发明,而不是对本发明进行限制,在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内,对本发明进行的任何修改和改变,都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明所用的试剂、催化剂、溶剂均是商业购买或按照文献报道合成的,溶剂使用前进行了精制和纯化。
实施例1
苯乙酸甲酯重氮的合成:在100mL反应瓶中,将苯乙酸甲酯(1.4mL,10mmol)与对乙酰氨基苯磺酰叠氮(2.88g,12mmol)溶于15mL乙腈中。在冰浴下缓慢滴加1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯(2.1mL,14mmol),搅拌10分钟。撤掉冰浴,将混合物在常温下搅拌4h,之后减压除去乙腈。使用适量乙酸乙酯与水萃取混合物三次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,浓缩后,经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(EA)=50:1),得到产物苯乙酸甲酯重氮,产率为90%。
dimethyl 2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3a/3a')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基-甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3a和3a',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率76%。其中3a(29.4mg),白色固体,3a'(20.5mg),无色液体。3a:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.49-7.47(m,2H),7.33-7.24(m,5H),7.03(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.82(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.41(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.52(s,3H),3.38(s,3H),2.91(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ171.7,169.2,150.0,134.4,129.1,128.9,128.8,128.2,119.3,115.3,66.0,52.3,52.0,51.6,32.9ppm.3a':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.22-7.18(m,5H),7.12(dd,J=8.8,7.3Hz,2H),6.70(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),5.15(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.36(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=9.7Hz,6H),2.65(s,3H).
实施例2
本实施例中有机溶剂二氯甲烷的用量为4mL,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',总产率68%。其中3a(24.5mg),3a'(18.2mg)。
实施例3
本实施例中有机溶剂二氯甲烷的用量为1mL,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',总产率72%。其中3a(25.5mg),3a'(19.4mg)。
实施例4
本实施例中有机溶剂为乙腈,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',总产率75%。其中3a(23.5mg),3a'(18.7mg)。
实施例5
本实施例中有机溶剂为1,2-二氯乙烷,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率72%。其中3a(24.7mg),3a'(18.5mg)。
实施例6
本实施例中将176.2mg(1.0mmol,5eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与35.8mg(0.2mmol,1eq)N-甲基-N-苯基-甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2.0mL)中,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率65%。其中3a(19.2mg),白色固体,3a'(17.6mg),无色液体。
实施例7
本实施例中将105.7mg(0.6mmol,3eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与35.8mg(0.2mmol,1eq)N-甲基-N-苯基-甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2.0mL)中,其余步骤同实施例1,得到产物3a和3a',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率60%。其中3a(18.2mg),白色固体,3a'(16.8mg),无色液体。
实施例8
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-氰基苯乙酸甲酯,产率为88%。
dimethyl 2-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3b/3b')的合成:室温下,将40.3mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-氰基-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3b和3b',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率48%。其中3b(17.9mg),白色固体。3b'(15.8mg),无色液体。3b:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.64(s,4H),7.29(dd,J=8.8,7.2Hz,2H),7.03(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.88(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.08(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.48(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.46(s,3H),2.89(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ170.9,169.0,149.8,139.9,132.5,130.0,129.3,119.8,118.6,115.5,112.2,66.4,52.7,52.1,52.0,33.1ppm.3b':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.31-7.28(m,2H),7.20(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.17-7.11(m,3H),6.73(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.16(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.44(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.73(d,J=2.0Hz,6H),3.71(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ134.66,132.36,132.29,129.97,129.35,129.20,128.83,125.68,123.49,118.68,113.76,64.87,58.52,52.66,52.61,43.21ppm.
实施例9
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为3-溴苯乙酸甲酯,产率为85%。
dimethyl 2-(3-bromophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3c/3c')的合成:室温下,将51.1mg(0.2mmol,1eq)3-溴-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3c和3c',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率47%,其中产物3c(17.9mg),白色固体。3c'(15.8mg),无色液体。3c:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.67(t,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.43(dd,J=7.9,1.9Hz,2H),7.30(dd,J=8.8,7.3Hz,2H),7.21(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.87(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.06(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.38(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.46(s,3H),2.90(s,3H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.3,169.1,149.9,136.7,132.0,131.5,130.3,129.3,127.9,122.8,119.6,115.5,66.2,52.6,52.0,51.7,33.0ppm.3c':1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.41-7.33(m,3H),7.25-7.20(m,3H),7.13(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.83-6.78(m,1H),6.70(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.21(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.41(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),2.74(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.3,172.0,149.3,136.9,131.7,131.1,130.1,129.1,127.1,122.5,118.4,113.9,65.0,52.7,52.6,50.8,36.3ppm.
实施例10
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-溴苯乙酸甲酯,产率为87%。
dimethyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3d/3d')的合成:室温下,将51.1mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-溴-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3d和3d',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率63%,产物3d(27.0mg),白色固体。3d'(24.3mg),无色液体。3d:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.46(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.32-7.24(m,2H),7.02(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.86(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.04(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.38(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.55(s,3H),3.44(s,3H),2.89(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.4,169.1,149.9,133.6,132.0,130.8,129.2,122.4,119.5,115.4,66.2,52.5,51.9,51.5,33.0ppm.3d':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.33(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.15(dd,J=8.8,7.2Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.74(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.62(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.12(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.70(s,3H),2.65(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.4,172.1,149.3,133.8,131.8,130.2,129.1,122.0,118.4,113.8,64.9,52.7,52.6,50.7,34.7ppm.
实施例11
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为3-氯苯乙酸甲酯,产率为85%。
dimethyl 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3e/3e')的合成:室温下,将42.1mg(0.2mmol,1eq)3-氯-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3e和3e',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率63%,产物3e(19.0mg),白色固体。3e'(20.3mg),无色液体。3e:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.52(s,1H),7.41-7.37(m,1H),7.33-7.23(m,4H),7.04(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.87(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.07(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.46(s,3H),2.90(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.3,169.1,149.9,136.5,134.6,130.0,129.2,129.1,128.5,127.4,119.6,115.5,66.2,52.5,51.9,51.7,33.0ppm.3e':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.23(d,J=1.8Hz,3H),7.18-7.07(m,6H),6.73(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.62(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.13(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.71(s,3H),2.67(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.8,172.0,149.3,136.7,134.4,129.9,129.1,128.8,128.2,126.7,118.4,113.8,65.0,52.7,52.6,50.8,34.6ppm.
实施例12
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-氯苯乙酸甲酯,产率为85%。
dimethyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3f/3f')的合成:室温下,将42.1mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-氯-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3f和3f',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率63%,产物3f(23.6mg),白色固体。3f'(21.2mg),无色液体。3f:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.44(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.29(dd,J=13.2,8.3Hz,4H),7.03(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.86(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.05(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.55(s,3H),3.44(s,3H),2.89(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.5,169.1,145.0,134.2,133.0,130.4,129.2,129.0,119.5,115.4,66.2,52.5,51.8,51.4,33.0ppm.3f':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.09(d,J=2.7Hz,4H),7.08-7.04(m,2H),6.65(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.57-6.50(m,2H),5.04(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.28(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.63(d,J=8.2Hz,7H),2.58(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.5,172.1,149.3,133.9,133.3,129.8,129.1,128.8,118.4,113.8,64.9,52.7,52.5,50.6,34.7ppm.
实施例13
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为3-三氟甲基苯乙酸甲酯,产率为88%。
dimethyl 2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)succinate(3g/3g')的合成:1H NMR(400MHz,7.78-7.71(m,2H),7.57(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47(t,J=室温下,将48.8mg(0.2mmol,1eq)3-三氟甲基-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3g和3g',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率46%,产物3g(16.7mg),白色固体。3g'(19.5mg),无色液体。3g:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.78-7.71(m,2H),7.57(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.33-7.27(m,2H),7.05(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.88(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.09(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.49(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.58(s,3H),3.44(s,3H),2.92(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.3,169.1,149.9,135.6,132.5,129.3,129.3,126.0,125.9,125.2,125.2,119.7,115.6CDCl3):δ,66.4,52.6,51.9,51.8,33.1ppm.3g':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.42(dd,J=17.1,8.1Hz,3H),7.30(t,J=7.6Hz,3H),7.12(dd,J=8.9,7.3Hz,2H),5.18(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.44(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.74(s,3H),3.72(s,3H),2.65(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.2,172.0,150.9,149.2,135.8,131.9,129.2,129.1,129.0,128.7,123.5,118.5,113.8,65.0,58.6,51.0,43.1,34.6ppm.
实施例14
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-苄氧基苯乙酸甲酯,产率为82%。
dimethyl 2-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3h/3h')的合成:室温下,将56.5mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-苄氧基-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3h和3h',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率48%,产物3h(23.8mg),白色固体;3h'(17.8mg),无色液体。3h:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.47-7.38(m,6H),7.35(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=8.8,7.2Hz,2H),7.06(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.87(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.09(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),5.06(s,2H),4.39(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.44(s,3H),2.94(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.0,169.3,158.7,150.0,136.9,130.1,129.2,128.7,128.1,127.6,126.6,119.2,115.3,115.1,70.1,66.1,52.3,51.7,51.2,32.9ppm.3h':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.38(d,J=5.3Hz,4H),7.36-7.32(m,1H),7.14(d,J=8.7Hz,4H),6.81(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.72(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),5.11(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.97(s,2H),4.32(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=8.5Hz,6H),2.66(s,3H).
实施例15
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-甲氧基苯乙酸甲酯,产率为90%。
dimethyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3i/3i')的合成:室温下,将41.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-甲氧基-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3i和3i',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率60%,产物3i(22.9mg),白色固体;3i'(22.5mg),无色液体。3i:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.40(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.31-7.21(m,2H),7.02(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.83(dd,J=11.1,8.0Hz,3H),5.05(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.76(s,3H),3.53(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.90(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.0,169.3,159.5,150.0,130.1,129.2,126.4,119.2,115.3,114.2,66.1,55.3,52.3,51.7,51.1,32.9ppm.3i':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.17-7.05(m,5H),6.71(dd,J=11.0,8.0Hz,3H),6.62(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),5.10(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.30(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=9.0Hz,9H),2.65(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ173.1,172.3,159.2,149.5,129.5,129.0,126.7,118.0,114.0,113.7,65.0,55.3,52.5,52.4,50.3,34.5ppm.
实施例16
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-氟苯乙酸甲酯,产率为86%。
dimethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3j/3j')的合成:室温下,将38.8mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-氟-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3j和3j',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率72%,产物3j(24.3mg),白色固体;3j'(25.4mg),无色液体。3j:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.48(dd,J=8.6,5.4Hz,2H),7.31-7.24(m,2H),7.07-6.99(m,4H),6.85(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.05(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.55(s,3H),3.42(s,3H),2.91(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.7,169.2,163.9,161.4,150.0,130.8,130.7,130.3,130.2,129.2,119.4,115.8,115.6,115.4,66.3,52.4,51.7,51.2,32.9ppm.3j':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.16(ddd,J=18.8,8.7,6.3Hz,4H),6.89(t,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.72(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.12(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.36(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.70(s,3H),2.66(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.7,172.1,163.6,161.2,149.3,130.5,130.5,130.1,130.1,129.1,118.3,115.7,115.5,113.7,65.0,52.6,52.5,50.4,34.6ppm.
实施例17
其合成步骤同实施例1中苯乙酸甲酯重氮类似,只是将原料由苯乙酸甲酯改为4-叔丁基苯乙酸甲酯,产率为88%。
dimethyl 2-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-3-(methyl(phenyl)amino)succinate(3k/3k')的合成:室温下,将46.5mg(0.2mmol,1eq)4-叔丁基-苯乙酸甲酯重氮与107.5mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3k和3k',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率55%,产物3k(25.7mg),白色固体。3k'(22.8mg),无色液体。3k:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.40(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.29-7.22(m,2H),7.02(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.82(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.08(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.52(s,3H),3.39(s,3H),2.90(s,3H),1.28(s,9H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.9,169.4,151.1,150.1,131.3,129.2,128.6,125.7,119.2,115.3,66.0,52.3,51.7,51.6,34.6,32.9,31.4ppm.3k':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.19(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.16-7.08(m,4H),6.73-6.66(m,1H),6.60(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.13(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.70(s,3H),2.66(s,3H),1.23(s,9H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ173.0,172.3,150.8,149.7,131.5,128.9,128.1,125.5,118.1,114.1,65.4,52.5,52.4,50.6,34.5,34.4,31.3ppm.
实施例18
甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成:在100mL反应瓶中,将N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺(1.1mL,10mmol)与溴乙酸甲酯(1.1mL,12mmol)溶于15mL甲醇中,加入无水碳酸钾(530mg,5mmol),回流反应4h。之后抽滤除去碳酸钾,减压除去溶剂,经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(EA)=20:1),得到产物N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯,产率为86%。
dimethyl 2-(methyl(m-tolyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3l/3l')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与116.0mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3l和3l',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率69%,产物3l(25.3mg),白色固体;3l'(21.7mg),无色液体。3l:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.51(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.33(dt,J=12.9,7.3Hz,3H),7.18(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.91-6.83(m,2H),6.69(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.12(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.42(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.42(s,3H),2.93(s,3H),2.36(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.8,169.4,150.1,138.9,134.5,129.1,129.0,128.8,128.2,120.3,116.1,112.6,66.0,52.3,52.1,51.7,33.0,22.0ppm.3l':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25-7.17(m,5H),7.01(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.42(dd,J=11.9,3.8Hz,2H),5.14(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=7.4Hz,6H),2.64(s,3H),2.23(s,3H).
实施例19
其合成步骤同实施例18中N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成类似,只是将原料N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺改为N-甲基苯胺,溴乙酸甲酯改为溴乙酸乙酯,产率为70%。
1-ethyl 4-methyl 2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3m/3m')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与116.0mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸乙酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3m和3m',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率70%,产物3m(27.2mg),白色固体;3m'(20.9mg),无色液体。3m:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.49(s,2H),7.36-7.24(m,5H),7.05(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.84(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.09(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.93-3.81(m,2H),3.55(s,3H),2.95(s,3H),0.90(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.9,168.8,150.2,134.5,129.1,128.8,128.2,119.3,115.5,66.2,60.7,52.3,52.1,33.0,14.1ppm.3m':1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25-7.17(m,5H),7.15-7.09(m,2H),6.73-6.67(m,1H),6.62(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),5.12(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),4.36(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.19(dddd,J=17.9,10.8,7.1,3.6Hz,2H),3.70(s,3H),2.66(s,3H),1.20(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
实施例20
其合成步骤同实施例18中N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成类似,只是将原料N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺改为N-甲基N-对三氟甲基苯胺,产率为56%。
dimethyl 2-(methyl(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3n/3n')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与148.3mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-对三氟甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3n和3n',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率70%,产物3n(18.9mg),白色固体;3n'(16.4mg),无色液体。3n:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.50(dd,J=11.2,7.9Hz,4H),7.39-7.29(m,3H),7.05(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.17(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.42(d,J=11.5Hz,1H),3.55(s,3H),3.45(s,3H),2.99(s,3H).3n':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.28(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.12(s,5H),6.56(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.15(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.29(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.67(s,3H),3.64(s,3H),2.62(s,3H).
实施例21
其合成步骤同实施例18中N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成类似,只是将原料N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺改为N-甲基N-对甲基苯胺,产率为80%。
dimethyl 2-(methyl(p-tolyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3o/3o')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与115.9mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-对甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3o和3o',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率68%,产物3o(21.9mg),白色固体;3o'(19.8mg),无色液体,产率68%。3o:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.52-7.48(m,2H),7.37-7.28(m,3H),7.09(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.05(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.58(s,3H),3.41(s,3H),2.89(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).3o':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25-7.18(m,5H),6.93(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.52(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.07(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.70(d,J=4.8Hz,6H),2.63(s,3H),2.20(s,3H).
实施例22
N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸环己基酯的合成:在100mL洁净反应瓶中,将N-甲基苯胺(1.1mL,10mmol)与环己基乙烯基醚(2.8mL,20mmol)溶于20mL DMF中,加入醋酸钯(112mg,0.5mmol)和30%过氧化氢溶液(4mL,40mmol),70℃条件下反应12h。完成后用水稀释混合物,饱和NH4Cl中和混合液,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,减压除去溶剂,经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(EA)=150:1),得到产物N-甲基-N-苯基甘氨酸环己酯,产率为50%。
cyclohexyl 4-methyl 2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3p/3p')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与148.3mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸环己酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3p和3p',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率39%,产物3p(17.8mg),白色固体。3p'(13.2mg),无色液体。3p:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.50(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.36-7.24(m,6H),7.05(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.84(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.08(d,J=11.8Hz,1H),4.53(tt,J=8.0,3.6Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.8Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),2.96(s,3H),1.63-1.33(m,6H),1.26(s,2H),1.17(q,J=10.3Hz,5H),1.03(t,J=9.5Hz,1H),0.89(d,J=6.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ171.9,168.2,150.3,134.6,129.1,129.1,128.7,128.2,119.2,115.6,73.1,66.7,52.3,52.1,33.0,31.3,31.2,23.4ppm.3p':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.26-7.18(m,5H),7.15-7.09(m,2H),6.69(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),5.10(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),4.84(tt,J=8.4,3.9Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.69(s,3H),2.66(s,3H),1.77(s,1H),1.69(s,1H),1.61(s,1H),1.54(s,1H),1.44(d,J=9.4Hz,2H),1.39-1.16(m,6H).
实施例23
其合成步骤同实施例18中N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成类似,只是将原料N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺改为N-甲基N-间氯苯胺,产率为65%。
dimethyl 2-((3-chlorophenyl)(methyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3q/3q')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与128.2mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-间氯苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3q和3q',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率46%,产物3q(15.7mg),白色固体。3q'(12.5mg),无色液体。3q:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.27(d,J=6.7Hz,2H),7.11(dd,J=11.6,7.1Hz,3H),6.98(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.73(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.60(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),4.85(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.18(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.35(s,3H),3.22(s,3H),2.70(s,3H).3q':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.21(s,5H),7.02(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.65(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),6.55-6.47(m,2H),5.13(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.33(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.74(s,3H),3.70(s,3H),2.64(s,3H).
实施例24
其合成步骤同实施例18中N-甲基-N-间甲苯基甘氨酸甲酯的合成类似,只是将原料N-甲基-N-间甲苯胺改为N-甲基N-对氯苯胺,产率为80%。
dimethyl 2-((4-chlorophenyl)(methyl)amino)-3-phenylsuccinate(3r/3r')的合成:室温下,将35.2mg(0.2mmol,1eq)苯乙酸甲酯重氮与128.2mg(0.6mmol,3eq)N-甲基-N-对氯苯基甘氨酸甲酯加入二氯甲烷(2mL)中,在N2氛围且470nm蓝光下照射反应12h。经柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂为V(PE):V(1,4-二氧六环)=50:1),得到产物3r和3r',二者互为非对映异构体,总产率70%,产物3r(22.7mg),白色固体;3r'(19.3mg),无色液体。3r:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.48(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.37-7.29(m,3H),7.22(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.96(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),5.02(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.57(s,3H),3.42(s,3H),2.90(s,3H).3r':1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.26(s,5H),7.11(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.57(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),5.14(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.79(s,3H),3.75(s,3H),2.69(s,3H)。
Claims (5)
1.一种可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其特征在于,将反应原料氨基乙酸酯和芳基重氮乙酸酯溶解在有机溶剂中,之后将反应体系置于氮气氛围中,在蓝光下,室温搅拌反应,分离、纯化即得丁二羧酸酯衍生物,所述的丁二羧酸酯衍生物的结构式如式(1)所示:
,
其中R1、R2分别独立地是烷基、烷氧基、芳基中的任意一种;或R1、R2是同一个环状结构的组成部分;
R3、R4和R5分别独立地是烷基、芳基、烯丙基中的任意一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其特征在于,反应原料氨基乙酸酯和芳基重氮乙酸酯的摩尔比为2~30:6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其特征在于,反应原料在有机溶剂中的摩尔浓度为0.05~0.8 mol/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、或氯仿。
5.根据权利要求1所述可见光催化合成丁二羧酸酯衍生物的方法,其特征在于,所述蓝光波长为450~500纳米。
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