CN117643564B - 一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117643564B CN117643564B CN202410121819.7A CN202410121819A CN117643564B CN 117643564 B CN117643564 B CN 117643564B CN 202410121819 A CN202410121819 A CN 202410121819A CN 117643564 B CN117643564 B CN 117643564B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pearl powder
- essential oil
- nano
- gel
- pickering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000132012 Atractylodes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000213006 Angelica dahurica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012154 double-distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006070 nanosuspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001313857 Bletilla striata Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940049638 carbomer homopolymer type c Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940043234 carbomer-940 Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melanin Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 30
- 102000003425 Tyrosinase Human genes 0.000 abstract description 18
- 108060008724 Tyrosinase Proteins 0.000 abstract description 18
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007490 hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000036564 melanin content Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008099 melanin synthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 241000125175 Angelica Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000001287 Guettarda speciosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001484 Pickering emulsion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000003022 colostrum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000021277 colostrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ-RMPHRYRLSA-N hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ-RMPHRYRLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002752 melanocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010067484 Adverse reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102400000888 Cholecystokinin-8 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101800005151 Cholecystokinin-8 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010051246 Photodermatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012641 Pigmentation disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040829 Skin discolouration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101710147108 Tyrosinase inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006838 adverse reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960000271 arbutin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000004207 dermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004969 inflammatory cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003471 inorganic composite material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002510 keratinocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-alloside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BJRNKVDFDLYUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008845 photoaging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N sincalide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003712 vitamin E derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/98—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin
- A61K8/987—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin of species other than mammals or birds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/042—Gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/06—Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- A61K8/8147—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof, e.g. crotonic acid, (meth)acrylic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/86—Polyethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
- A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/49—Solubiliser, Solubilising system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
- A61K2800/522—Antioxidants; Radical scavengers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/59—Mixtures
- A61K2800/592—Mixtures of compounds complementing their respective functions
- A61K2800/5922—At least two compounds being classified in the same subclass of A61K8/18
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/74—Biological properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/78—Enzyme modulators, e.g. Enzyme agonists
- A61K2800/782—Enzyme inhibitors; Enzyme antagonists
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/805—Corresponding aspects not provided for by any of codes A61K2800/81 - A61K2800/95
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:S1:制备纳米珍珠粉;S2:制备纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳;所述纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳的各成分及其质量百分比为:纳米珍珠粉2.5%、维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯0.5%、白术精油9%、白芷精油9%、玫瑰精油2%;S3:制备凝胶基质;S4:将纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按重量比1:1搅拌混匀即得。本发明中药成分具有良好的协同增效作用,能有效抑制酪氨酸酶活性,减少黑色素生成,具有淡化色斑的作用,通过添加凝胶基质将Pickering乳剂凝胶化,提高了Pickering乳在角质层的贮库效应,增加了药物在皮肤中的滞留时间,进而达到持续缓慢释药的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮肤的颜色深浅与黑色素有直接关系,人表皮基底层的黑色素细胞中的酪氨酸在酪氨酸酶以及其他黑色素形成相关酶的作用下被氧化,经历一系列的反应最终形成黑色素。根据黑色素的形成机理,可以通过以下途径实现淡化色斑的效果: 抑制黑色素合成、抑制黑色素细胞的增殖、抑制黑色素向角质形成细胞的转移、加快皮肤角质层脱落、清除体内多余氧自由基、减缓紫外线对黑色素合成的负面影响。
发明内容
本发明旨在利用中药天然活性成分通过高压均质技术和Pickering乳化技术,制备一种以纳米珍珠粉乳化稳定的淡化色斑的凝胶药物,具有淡化色斑的作用。
本发明提供了一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物,其各组成成分及其质量百分比为:
稳定剂2.5%、助乳化剂0.5%、中药精油20%、白芨多糖1%~5%、卡波姆940 1%~3%,其余为水;
其中,
稳定剂为纳米珍珠粉;
助乳化剂为维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯;
中药精油包括白术精油、白芷精油和玫瑰精油,各精油占总组分质量百分比分别为:白术精油9%、白芷精油9%、玫瑰精油2%。
进一步,纳米珍珠粉的粒径为300nm~600nm。
本发明还提供了淡化色斑的凝胶药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备纳米珍珠粉;
S2:制备纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳;
将维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯溶于双蒸水中,再加入纳米珍珠粉继续搅拌均匀,搅拌后使用高速剪切乳化机19000rpm剪切,剪切时间为3~5min,得到粗混悬液,而后转移至高压均质机中,于200bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,制得纳米混悬液;
将适量的纳米混悬液置于高速剪切乳化机中,同时逐滴加入白术精油、白芷精油及玫瑰精油制得初乳,再倒入高压均质机中均质,均质温度为10~18℃,于200~800bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,即得纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳;
S3:制备凝胶基质;
将适量白芨多糖与卡波姆940搅拌分散制成多糖浓度为1%~5%的凝胶基质;
S4:将S2制得的纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与S3制得的凝胶基质按一定比例搅拌混匀,即得淡化色斑的凝胶药物。
进一步,S1中纳米珍珠粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(a)将适量微米珍珠粉加入双蒸水中,搅拌均匀,使用高速剪切乳化机19000rpm剪切4min,然后转移至高压均质机中,于200~800bar压力下均质循环30~60次,即得纳米珍珠粉混悬液;
(b)将纳米珍珠粉混悬液置于60℃烘箱干燥,干燥24h后收集,即得纳米珍珠粉。
进一步,S4中纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按重量比1:1混匀。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明淡化色斑的凝胶药物含有纳米珍珠粉、白术精油、白芷精油及玫瑰精油、白芨多糖等多种中药成分,能有效抑制酪氨酸酶活性,减少黑色素生成,且添加的维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯是一种较好的增溶剂、促渗剂、助乳化剂和稳定剂,能提高药物的溶解度、稳定性、包封率、载药量及透皮吸收率等,具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性,安全无毒。
2、本发明所提供的淡化色斑的凝胶药物中的中药成分具有良好的协同增效作用,采用纯天然中药纳米化珍珠粉及中药精油,不会引起过敏反应,使用更加安全。
3、利用高压均质技术制备纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳,通过Pickering乳化技术对精油中生物活性成分进行封装和控释,并且制备工艺方便、简单,成本低,易于产业化,通过添加凝胶基质进一步将Pickering乳剂凝胶化,提高了Pickering乳在角质层的贮库效应,增加了药物在皮肤中的滞留时间,进而达到持续缓慢释药的目的。
附图说明
图1为纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳和微米珍珠粉Pickering乳在室温静置14天后及离心加速稳定性试验的分层图;其中: A为在室温静置14天后的分层图; B为新鲜制备Pickering乳离心后加速稳定性试验的分层图;
图2为实施例1及对照例A—对照例D的粘弹性测试图;
图3为皮肤组织HE染色图;
图4为实施例1及对照例3、4对B16F10细胞内的酪氨酸酶活性的抑制图(注:与阳性对照组比,***P<0.001,****P<0.0001;与实施例1相比,### P<0.001,#### P<0.0001;对照例与纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳相比,∇ P<0.05);
图5为实施例1及对照例3、4对B16F10细胞内黑色素含量的抑制图(注:与阳性对照组相比,*P<0.05,***P<0.001;与实施例1相比,### P<0.001,#### P<0.0001;对照例与纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳相比,∇ P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
以下参照具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但本发明保护范围并不受制于本发明的实施方式。
珍珠粉是一种天然有机和无机复合的天然材料,含有人体所需的多种氨基酸、微量元素、维生素和肽,能对抗紫外线引起的光老化,抑制酪氨酸酶活性,减少体内外黑色素生成。
植物精油具有分子结构小且渗透性强的特点,作为一种新型的酪氨酸酶抑制剂展现出了良好的应用前景,白术精油可以通过抑制酪氨酸酶活性及抑制B16F10黑色素瘤细胞的氧化应激来减少黑色素的生成,而白芷精油能扩张动脉,改善血液循环,提升肌肤代谢活力,从而达到改善皮肤色素沉着和淡斑的作用;两者相互结合,实现促进黑色素代谢和抑制酪氨酸酶活性的协同作用。
Pickering乳剂是一种由固体颗粒代替传统有机表面活性剂或两亲性聚合物稳定乳液的新型乳液体系;与传统表面活性剂稳定的乳剂相比,减少使用了传统表面活性剂,因此会减少或消除其带来的低毒性和刺激性,具有更高的安全性和生物相容性,在医药领域具有独特的应用优势;同时,维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(TPGS)是维生素E的水溶性衍生物,具有良好的生物相容性,可保护活性成分的稳定,促进成分的渗透,同时可作为纳米珍珠粉的助乳化剂,提升乳液的稳定性;本发明通过Pickering乳剂包埋技术,创新性的将纳米珍珠粉作为颗粒乳化剂,维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(TPGS)作为助乳化剂,实现中药精油活性成分的保护、运输和缓释,有效提高活性成分的稳定性和安全性,并促进活性成分完全透皮吸收到人体皮肤内,达到淡化色斑的效果。
实施例1:淡化色斑的凝胶药物的制备
S1:制备纳米珍珠粉
将适量微米珍珠粉(2000nm~5000nm)加入双蒸水中,搅拌均匀,采用剪切-高压均质法,高速剪切乳化机19000rpm,剪切4min,转移至高压均质机中,于200~800bar压力下均质循环30~60次,将均质后的珍珠粉混悬液置于60℃烘箱干燥,干燥24h后收集,即得纳米珍珠粉,纳米珍珠粉的粒径在300nm~600nm。
S2:制备纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳
按表1的配方表将维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(TPGS)溶于双蒸水中,再加入纳米珍珠粉继续搅拌均匀后使用高速剪切乳化机19000rpm剪切,剪切时间为3~5min,得到粗混悬液,而后转移至高压均质机中,于200bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,制得纳米混悬液;将适量的纳米混悬液置于高速剪切乳化机中,同时逐滴加入白术精油、白芷精油及玫瑰精油制得初乳,再倒入高压均质机中均质,均质温度为10~18℃,于200~800bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,即得纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳。
表1纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳配方表:
S3:制备凝胶基质
将适量白芨多糖与2%卡波姆940搅拌分散,制成多糖浓度为1%~5%的凝胶基质。
S4:将纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按重量比1:1搅拌混匀即得。
纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳和微米珍珠粉Pickering乳稳定性对照:S2用微米珍珠粉直接代替纳米珍珠粉制备珍珠粉Pickering乳,采用室温静置、离心加速稳定性及Turbiscan Lab稳定性分析仪对乳剂稳定性进行评价,Turbiscan Lab稳定性分析仪的TSI值可用于评价乳剂的稳定性,该值越小,体系稳定性越佳。
纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳和微米珍珠粉Pickering乳在室温静置14天后及离心加速稳定性试验的分层情况,如图1所示;其中: A为在室温静置14天后的分层图; B为新鲜制备的Pickering乳离心后加速稳定性试验的分层图。
表2 乳剂放置24h后的TSI值:
由图1和表2结果可知,珍珠粉粒径对Pickering乳的稳定性具有至关重要的作用,纳米珍珠粉制备的Pickering乳稳定性良好,室温静置14天及离心后均未出现分层、乳析等不稳定现象,而微米珍珠粉制备的Pickering乳在静置14天后及离心后出现沉淀现象,说明珍珠粉粒径过大,固体颗粒的密度大于连续相的密度,易产生沉淀现象,纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳整体TSI值比微米珍珠粉Pickering乳的小(0.74<1.10),因此,纳米珍珠粉(300~600nm)可形成相对稳定的Pickering乳剂。
对照例1-对照例12:与实施例1相比,区别在于纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳按表3所示配方配制:
表3对照例1-对照例12纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳配方表:
通过使用Turbiscan Lab稳定性分析对纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳的稳定性进行评价。
表4实施例1及对照例1-对照例12纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳放置24h的TSI值:
通过表4可以看出,实施例1中S2制备的纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳整体TSI值为0.74,与对照例1-对照例12相比,TSI值最小,稳定性最佳。
对照例A-对照例D:与实施例1相比,区别在于,纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按表5所示比例混合:
表5对照例A-对照例D混合比例表:
表6淡化色斑的凝胶药物的pH值:
实施例1与对照例A-对照例D的性质评价,如下:
1.外观:乳白色半固体状凝胶
2.流变性分析:图2粘弹性测试(G’为储能模量,G’’为损耗模量)
随着乳剂比例的增多,储能模量和损耗模量越来越小;随着凝胶基质的增多,储能模量和损耗模量越来越大,但凝胶基质过多时,储能模量和损耗模量不能相交,即无形成真正意义的凝胶;只有实施例1和对照例A的储能模量和损耗模量能够相交,能形成凝胶,而实施例1的粘弹性大于对照例A,表现为类固体行为,故选择纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按重量比1:1搅拌混匀作为淡化色斑的凝胶药物的配方。
3.离心稳定性考察(8000rpm×20min):合格
取适量实施例1和对照例A-对照例D置于离心管中,8000rpm离心20min,进行离心稳定性考察,离心后未出现明显的分层、沉淀等不稳定现象,表明淡化色斑的凝胶药离心稳定性合格。
4.耐热稳定性考察(60℃×12h):合格
取适量实施例1和对照例A-对照例D置于60℃下水浴12h,考察其耐热稳定性,12h后未出现明显的分层、沉淀等不稳定现象,表明淡化色斑的凝胶药物耐热稳定性合格。
5.耐寒稳定性考察(-20℃×12h):合格
将适量实施例1和对照例A-对照例D放置在-20℃冰箱中,12h后观察其耐寒稳定性,结果显示均未出现不稳定现象,表明淡化色斑的凝胶药物耐寒稳定性合格。
安全性试验:
安全性试验通过皮肤刺激性感官评分和皮肤组织HE染色切片观察:
将SD大鼠适应性喂养一周后,雌雄各半,每组6只,随机分为淡化色斑的凝胶药物组A、纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳组B和空白组C进行试验,空白组为生理盐水,实验前24h将大鼠背部毛剃除,面积为4×4cm2,连续给药7天,观察给药部位是否出现红斑、水肿等。
(1)皮肤刺激性评分
表7皮肤刺激性评分结果
(2)皮肤组织HE染色分析
图3皮肤组织HE染色图(A: 淡化色斑的凝胶药物组;B: 纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳组;C:空白组),由HE染色切片结果可知,三组中,雌雄大鼠皮肤组织整体结构基本正常,组织表皮结构清晰,未见角质层明显角化过度,表皮未见明显增厚,真皮层胶原纤维丰富排列较规则,未见胶原纤维明显肿胀断裂,组织未见明显炎症细胞浸润,HE染色切片结果与刺激性评分结果一致,说明淡化色斑的凝胶药物和纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳安全性良好,未见不良反应。
淡化色斑的凝胶药物的功效试验:
试验采用体外细胞药效研究,通过CCK8法评估细胞毒性,同时利用酪氨酸酶活性抑制和黑色素含量测定评价淡化色斑的凝胶药物的功效。
(1)酪氨酸酶活性抑制
酪氨酸酶是黑色素合成的关键限速酶,有效抑制酪氨酸酶活性可以减少黑色素的生成,实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物和纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳对B16F10细胞内的酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用如图4所示。
为比较中药精油间比例,将实施例1制备的纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与对照例3、4相比,实施例1制备的纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳较对照例对细胞酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用具有显著差异性(P<0.05),表明中药精油的比例能协同发挥抑制作用。
实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物、纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳、熊果苷(阳性对照组)对B16F10细胞的酪氨酸酶活性均具有显著性的抑制作用,实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物和纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳对B16F10细胞的酪氨酸酶活性抑制率为40.90%和26.82%,具有统计学意义(P<0.001);因此,实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物可抑制细胞内酪氨酸酶活性。
(2)黑色素含量抑制
实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物、纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳对B16F10细胞内黑色素抑制作用如图5所示。
实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物、纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳对B16F10细胞黑色素生成均具有较强的抑制作用(P<0.001);与对照例3、4相比,实施例1制备的纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳对B16F10细胞黑色素抑制率提高了7.75%,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物对细胞黑色素生成的抑制率较纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳提高了12.91%(P<0.001),说明实施例1中中药精油的比例更能协同发挥对黑色素生成的抑制作用,且黑色素生成抑制试验结果与酪氨酸酶活性抑制试验结果一致,说明实施例1制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物通过抑制酪氨酸酶活性来减少黑色素的生成。
Claims (2)
1.一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备纳米珍珠粉
将粒径为2000nm~5000nm的微米珍珠粉加入双蒸水中,搅拌均匀,采用剪切-高压均质法,高速剪切乳化机19000rpm,剪切4min,转移至高压均质机中,于200~800bar压力下均质循环30~60次,将均质后的珍珠粉混悬液置于60℃烘箱干燥,干燥24h后收集,即得纳米珍珠粉,纳米珍珠粉的粒径在300nm~600nm;
S2:制备纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳
将维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯溶于双蒸水中,再加入纳米珍珠粉继续搅拌均匀后使用高速剪切乳化机19000rpm剪切,剪切时间为3~5min,得到粗混悬液,而后转移至高压均质机中,于200bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,制得纳米混悬液;将纳米混悬液置于高速剪切乳化机中,同时逐滴加入白术精油、白芷精油及玫瑰精油制得初乳,再倒入高压均质机中均质,均质温度为10~18℃,于200~800bar的压力下均质循环30~60次,即得纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳;所述纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳的各成分及其质量百分比为:纳米珍珠粉2.5%、维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯0.5%、白术精油9%、白芷精油9%、玫瑰精油2%;
S3:制备凝胶基质
将白芨多糖与2%卡波姆940搅拌分散,制成多糖浓度为1%~5%的凝胶基质;
S4:将纳米珍珠粉Pickering乳与凝胶基质按重量比1:1搅拌混匀即得。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物的制备方法制备的淡化色斑的凝胶药物。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202410121819.7A CN117643564B (zh) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | 一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202410121819.7A CN117643564B (zh) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | 一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN117643564A CN117643564A (zh) | 2024-03-05 |
CN117643564B true CN117643564B (zh) | 2024-05-10 |
Family
ID=90046377
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202410121819.7A Active CN117643564B (zh) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | 一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN117643564B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117838609B (zh) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-05-31 | 广州熙然化妆品有限公司 | 一种提高透皮吸收率的化妆品制备方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11228339A (ja) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-24 | Ichimaru Pharcos Co Ltd | メラニン生成抑制剤及び皮膚外用剤 |
JP2010173947A (ja) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-12 | Pola Chem Ind Inc | オイルゲル化粧料 |
KR20130052379A (ko) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-22 | 박병화 | 피부 미백 및 항산화용 화장료 조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
CN107137307A (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-08 | 江西中医药大学 | 一种含莲原花青素的抗氧化美白组合物 |
CN107233278A (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-10-10 | 张谦 | 一种美白抗皱的睡眠面膜 |
CN108904316A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-30 | 江西中医药大学 | 天然美白抗氧化组合物及由其制备的纳米凝胶化妆品 |
-
2024
- 2024-01-30 CN CN202410121819.7A patent/CN117643564B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11228339A (ja) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-24 | Ichimaru Pharcos Co Ltd | メラニン生成抑制剤及び皮膚外用剤 |
JP2010173947A (ja) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-12 | Pola Chem Ind Inc | オイルゲル化粧料 |
KR20130052379A (ko) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-22 | 박병화 | 피부 미백 및 항산화용 화장료 조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
CN107233278A (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-10-10 | 张谦 | 一种美白抗皱的睡眠面膜 |
CN107137307A (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-08 | 江西中医药大学 | 一种含莲原花青素的抗氧化美白组合物 |
CN108904316A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-30 | 江西中医药大学 | 天然美白抗氧化组合物及由其制备的纳米凝胶化妆品 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
"Angelica dahurica attenuates melanogenesis in B16F0 cells by repressing Wnt/β‑catenin signaling";Chien‑Liang Fang等;《Molecular & Cellular Toxicology》;20220627;第19卷;第135-143页 * |
"Pickering乳剂作为药物载体的研究进展";喻华平 等;《Pickering 乳剂作为药物载体的研究进展》;20211231;第52卷(第6期);第771-780页 * |
"复方七叶皂苷凝胶联合珍珠粉治疗压疮疗效观察";汤新颜 等;《实用中医药杂志》;20160930;第32卷(第9期);第902-903页 * |
国家药品监督管理局.《《化妆品安全技术规范(2015年版)》2021年修订版》.2021,第1和5页. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117643564A (zh) | 2024-03-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN112891241B (zh) | 一种靶向线粒体皮肤抗衰纳米组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
EP1513492B1 (de) | Mikro-emulsionen mit binärer phasen- und wirkstoffdifferenzierbarkeit, deren herstellung und deren verwendung, insbesondere zur topischen sauerstoffversorgung | |
CN117643564B (zh) | 一种淡化色斑的凝胶药物及其制备方法 | |
KR101810231B1 (ko) | 프로폴리스 미세침 분말을 함유하는 화장료 조성물 | |
CN111166683A (zh) | 一种富勒烯抗衰抗氧化美容护肤化妆品及其制备方法 | |
CN112957277A (zh) | 一种多重透明质酸纳米组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114159335B (zh) | 一种燕窝酸保湿修复纳米组合物及其制备方法、一种化妆品 | |
KR102217663B1 (ko) | 말로우추출물, 알로에베라잎추출물, 참마뿌리추출물, 오크라열매 추출물, 아미노산 및 해수를 혼합물로 함유하는 피부 보습용 화장료 조성물 | |
CN110664689A (zh) | 一种以柔性纳米脂质体为载体的眼霜制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN114146009A (zh) | 一种dha抗衰抗炎纳米组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
Abosabaa et al. | Drug delivery systems integrated with conventional and advanced treatment approaches toward cellulite reduction | |
CN108354864B (zh) | 一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法 | |
CN113995693A (zh) | 一种具有抗炎功效脂质体的精华液组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114159360A (zh) | 一种燕窝酸抗蓝光纳米组合物、制备方法及其应用 | |
KR100904370B1 (ko) | 나노리포좀을 함유하는 화장료 조성물 | |
CN108542829A (zh) | 一种植物保湿防晒霜及其制备方法 | |
JP3667027B2 (ja) | 皮膚外用剤 | |
CN108113924A (zh) | 一种复合植物舒敏剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN114159326B (zh) | 一种dha保湿修复纳米组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CA2353071A1 (en) | Oil bodies as topical delivery vehicles for active agents | |
CN105963163A (zh) | 一种抗皱祛斑精华液及其制备方法 | |
KR20200136194A (ko) | 락토바실러스발효물, 락토코쿠스발효물, 효모폴리펩타이드, 락토바실러스 아시도필루스 포도발효물을 유효성분으로 하는 화장료 조성물 | |
CN115487088A (zh) | 一种包含齐墩果酸的化妆品组合物及其应用 | |
JPH0616536A (ja) | リン脂質/糖脂質の混合物よりなるベシクルを含有する、化粧品用または皮膚科製薬用組成物 | |
CN114099365A (zh) | 一种燕窝酸美白亮肤纳米组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |