CN117562961A - 一种活血通脉胶囊 - Google Patents
一种活血通脉胶囊 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种活血通脉胶囊,涉及中成药加工技术领域。所述活血通脉胶囊采用鸡血藤、麦冬、桃仁、黄精、川芎、枸杞子、红花、陈皮、木香、降香提取制备中药稠膏后与海藻酸钠、壳聚糖、氯化钙、糊化淀粉、硬脂酸镁等原料复合制备药物颗粒后再采用胶囊壳封装。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,能够有效保证活血通脉药物前期的释放效率,同时达到后续缓释的目的,在保证药量的同时减少副作用,保证药物药效同时,提升使用感受。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中成药加工技术领域,具体涉及一种活血通脉胶囊。
背景技术
活血通脉中成药一般是由鸡血藤、红花、降香、木香、陈皮、川芎、桃仁、麦冬等药材制成,不同厂家制备的活血通脉中成药其中具体的中药成分和含量存在一定的差异,但是其主要功效均为行气活血,通脉止痛,一般临床用于冠心病、心绞痛、气滞血瘀证的治疗。
传统的活血通脉中成药大多作为活血通脉片和活血通脉胶囊,加工成胶囊可以根据药物特性选择肠溶胶囊或者胃溶胶囊,实现药物精准定位释放的目的,但是活血通脉中成药一般服用的标准为一天三次,以0.25g的标准为例,一般一次需要服用2-4粒,在此基础上为了达到良好治疗的目的通常在胶囊溶解后药物也会快速崩解释放出有效物质,但是活血通脉中成药的一大副作用就是造成胃肠的不适,特别是在连续服用或者一次性服用药物过量的情况下,若是降低服药量一定程度上会缓解副作用的发生,但是由于药物初步释放浓度的减少会造成对症状的缓解效率降低,并且为了达到持续的治疗缓解效果需要增加服药的频率,一定程度上增加服药的繁琐性。
针对上述这一特性,对于活血通脉胶囊中药物的制备需要在一定程度上保证前期的快速释放和后续的缓释,从而达到
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种活血通脉胶囊,能够有效保证活血通脉药物前期的释放效率,同时达到后续缓释的目的,在保证药量的同时减少副作用,保证药物药效同时,提升使用感受。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种活血通脉胶囊,所述活血通脉胶囊由以下重量份的原料制成:中药稠膏10-12份、海藻酸钠1-1.5份、壳聚糖1.2-1.4份、氯化钙0.5-1.2份、糊化淀粉2-4份、硬脂酸镁0.5-2份,其中糊化淀粉为半糊化淀粉和全糊化淀粉质量比2∶1混合得到。
优选的,所述中药稠膏为采用质量比为9.091∶9.091∶1.818∶18.182∶2.727∶9.091∶3.636∶9.091∶3.636∶3.636的鸡血藤、麦冬、桃仁、黄精、川芎、枸杞子、红花、陈皮、木香、降香提取浓缩获得。
优选的,所述中药稠膏的具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1-1、将陈皮、木香、降香混合后加入八倍质量的水,煎煮5h后分离挥发油和药渣,得第一提取液备用;
S1-2、将黄精、川芎饮片、枸杞子、红花混合后采用70%乙醇回流提取二次,合并提取液并减压浓缩,回收乙醇,浓缩至提取液无乙醇味,得第二提取液备用;
S1-3、将血藤、麦冬饮片、桃仁混合加入7倍质量的水煎煮3h后过滤,滤渣继续加入6倍质量的水煎煮1h过滤,合并两次滤液得第三提取液;
S1-4、将第一提取液、第二提取液、第三提取液混合后减压浓缩至相对密度为1.35-1.40,得中药稠膏。
优选的,所述步骤S1-2中70%乙醇回流提取二次的方式如下:
第一次回流提取:加入药物总质量6倍的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取3h,过滤分离药渣和提取液;
第二次回流提取:加入药渣总质量4倍的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取2h,过滤分离药渣和提取液。
优选的,所述糊化淀粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将玉米淀粉加入至2倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后水浴加热至60-65℃,保温搅拌30-40min,后干燥粉碎,得半糊化淀粉;
S2-2、将玉米淀粉加入3倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后,加热至80-90℃,保温搅拌15min,后升温至90-100℃,继续搅拌5-10min,后干燥粉碎得全糊化淀粉;
S2-3、将半糊化淀粉和全糊化淀粉按照质量比2∶1混合,得糊化淀粉的。
优选的,所述活血通脉胶囊的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取1/3的中药稠膏加3倍体积水搅拌溶解后,再加入海藻酸钠,搅拌溶解制得海藻酸钠中药溶液;
(2)将壳聚糖和氯化钙混合加入5倍体积的水中,搅拌溶解制得壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液滴加至海藻酸钠中药溶液中,边滴加边搅拌,制得混合液备用;
(4)将剩余的2/3中药稠膏混合糊化淀粉拌合均匀,再加入混合液中进行搅拌后制粒,干燥后加入硬脂酸镁,于三维混合机中混合,得药物颗粒备用;
(5)将上述药物颗粒按照生产规格要求采用胶囊壳进行封装,得活血通脉胶囊。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中搅拌溶解过程中保持水浴温度在50-55℃。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中边滴加边搅拌时保持水浴加热温度在45-50℃。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中制粒方式为使用摇摆颗粒机14目不锈钢筛制粒。
优选的,所述步骤(5)中干燥的方式为60-70℃恒温干燥至含水量≤8%。
本发明提供一种活血通脉胶囊,与现有技术相比优点在于:
本发明通过壳聚糖和氯化钙与海藻酸钠复合形成微胶囊,并在微胶囊形成的过程中通过中药有效成分的添加使得对药物进行包裹和吸附,并且结合后续的中药稠膏和糊化淀粉对微胶囊进行封堵和包覆,使得药物后续崩解过程中最外部的中药成分快速崩解溶出后其余部分随淀粉吸水膨胀对微胶囊进一步密封包裹,达到药物有效成分的缓释作用,使得药物缓释效果最高达到12h,有效缓解药物快速崩解对胃肠的损伤,同时减少药物服用的频次,有效减少药物快速崩解导致人体不完全吸收造成的浪费,综合提升药物的利用率。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
1、中药稠膏的制备:
(1)药材用量和选择如下:
鸡血藤9.091kg、麦冬9.091kg、桃仁1.818kg、黄精(酒炙)18.182kg、川芎2.727kg、枸杞子9.091kg、红花3.636、陈皮9.091kg、木香3.636kg、降香3.636kg
(2)第一提取液:将陈皮、木香、降香混合后加入八倍质量的水,煎煮5h后分离挥发油和药渣,得第一提取液备用;
(3)第二提取液:将黄精、川芎饮片、枸杞子、红花混合后加入6倍量的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取3h,过滤,药渣继续加入4倍量的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取2h,过滤,合并两次滤液,打入单效浓缩器内在70℃条件下于-0.06MPa压强下进行减压浓缩,至滤液物乙醇味,回收乙醇,浓缩滤液为第二提取液;
(4)第三提取液:将血藤、麦冬饮片、桃仁混合加入7倍质量的水煎煮3h后过滤,滤渣继续加入6倍质量的水煎煮1h过滤,合并两次滤液得第三提取液;
(5)稠膏制备:将第一提取液、第二提取液、第三提取液混合后50℃、-0.06MPa减压浓缩至相对密度为1.35-1.40,得中药稠膏。
2、糊化淀粉的制备:
(1)将玉米淀粉加入至2倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后水浴加热至60-65℃,保温搅拌30-40min,后干燥粉碎,得半糊化淀粉;
(2)将玉米淀粉加入3倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后,加热至80-90℃,保温搅拌15min,后升温至90-100℃,继续搅拌5-10min,后干燥粉碎得全糊化淀粉;
按照下表1质量份配置混合得到各组糊化淀粉:
表1
实施例2:
活血通脉胶囊的制备:
(1)备料:按照以下重量份进行备料:中药稠膏11份、海藻酸钠1.25份、壳聚糖1.3份、氯化钙0.9份、淀粉3份、硬脂酸镁1.2份
(2)取1/3的中药稠膏加3倍体积水,在55℃水浴温度下搅拌溶解后,再加入海藻酸钠,继续水浴搅拌溶解制得海藻酸钠中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖和氯化钙混合加入5倍体积的水中,搅拌溶解制得壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液;
(4)将壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液滴加至海藻酸钠中药溶液中,在50℃水浴保温条件下边滴加边搅拌,制得混合液备用;
(5)将剩余的2/3中药稠膏混合淀粉拌合均匀,再加入混合液中进行搅拌后使用摇摆颗粒机14目不锈钢筛制粒,65℃恒温干燥至含水量≤8%,再加入硬脂酸镁,于三维混合机中混合,得药物颗粒备用;
(6)将上述药物颗粒按照生产规格要求采用胶囊壳进行封装,得活血通脉胶囊。
采用上述的制备工艺,按照下表2选择不同的淀粉来制备活血通脉胶囊:
表2
对比例1:
活血通脉胶囊的制备:
(1)备料:按照以下重量份进行备料:中药稠膏11份、糊化淀粉A 3份、硬脂酸镁1.2份
(2)将中药稠膏混合糊化淀粉A拌合均匀,再使用摇摆颗粒机14目不锈钢筛制粒,65℃恒温干燥至含水量≤8%,再加入硬脂酸镁,于三维混合机中混合,得药物颗粒备用;
(3)将上述药物颗粒按照生产规格要求采用胶囊壳进行封装,得活血通脉胶囊。
对比例2:
活血通脉胶囊的制备:
(1)备料:按照以下重量份进行备料:中药稠膏11份、海藻酸钠1.25份、壳聚糖1.3份、氯化钙0.9份、糊化淀粉A 3份、硬脂酸镁1.2份
(2)海藻酸钠加入8倍体积的55℃温水中搅拌溶解,制得海藻酸钠中药溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖和氯化钙混合加入5倍体积的水中,搅拌溶解制得壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液;
(4)将壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液滴加至海藻酸钠溶液中,50℃水浴条件下边滴加边搅拌,制得混合液备用;
(5)将中药稠膏混合淀粉拌合均匀,再加入混合液中进行搅拌后使用摇摆颗粒机14目不锈钢筛制粒,65℃恒温干燥至含水量≤8%,再加入硬脂酸镁,于三维混合机中混合,得药物颗粒备用;
(6)将上述药物颗粒按照生产规格要求采用胶囊壳进行封装,得活血通脉胶囊。
检测:
对上述实施例2中实验组1-5和对比例1-2制得的药物颗粒进行检测,以橙皮苷为标志性检出有效物质,分别检测上述各组药物颗粒中橙皮苷的含量,同时检测各组药物颗粒在肠液和胃液中的有效成分(橙皮苷)溶出率;
其中,胃液采用人工胃液:取稀盐酸16.4mL(相当于盐酸3.84mL).,加水约800m|与胃蛋白酶10g,摇匀后,加水稀释成1000ml,即得人工胃液;
肠液采用人工肠液:取磷酸二氢钾6.8g,加水K500m使溶解,用0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.8;另取胰酶10g,加水适量使溶解,将两液混合后,加水稀释至1000ml,即得人工肠液。
分别取1g各组药物颗粒,混合100ml人工肠液/人工胃液,检测10min、2h、8h、12h时有效成分的溶出率,具体结果如下表3所示:
表3
由上表3可知,实验组1中的制备方法和配方能够有效控制药物颗粒在前10min进行有效物质溶出,后续由于淀粉吸水溶胀粘黏导致颗粒药物相互黏粘团聚,减缓有效物质的溶出,并且采用合理配比的半糊化淀粉和全糊化淀粉配合海藻酸钠、壳聚糖、氯化钙对有效药物的吸附能够延长物质溶出的时间,药物最长溶出时间延长至12h,有效克服现有技术中主要采用缓释的胶囊衣来控制药物的溶出导致前期药物溶出较少,治疗效果欠佳的问题。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于,所述活血通脉胶囊由以下重量份的原料制成:中药稠膏10-12份、海藻酸钠1-1.5份、壳聚糖1.2-1.4份、氯化钙0.5-1.2份、糊化淀粉2-4份、硬脂酸镁0.5-2份,其中糊化淀粉为半糊化淀粉和全糊化淀粉质量比2∶1混合得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于:所述中药稠膏为采用质量比为9.091∶9.091∶1.818∶18.182∶2.727∶9.091∶3.636∶9.091∶3.636∶3.636的鸡血藤、麦冬、桃仁、黄精、川芎、枸杞子、红花、陈皮、木香、降香提取浓缩获得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于,所述中药稠膏的具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1-1、将陈皮、木香、降香混合后加入八倍质量的水,煎煮5h后分离挥发油和药渣,得第一提取液备用;
S1-2、将黄精、川芎饮片、枸杞子、红花混合后采用70%乙醇回流提取二次,合并提取液并减压浓缩,回收乙醇,浓缩至提取液无乙醇味,得第二提取液备用;
S1-3、将血藤、麦冬饮片、桃仁混合加入7倍质量的水煎煮3h后过滤,滤渣继续加入6倍质量的水煎煮1h过滤,合并两次滤液得第三提取液;
S1-4、将第一提取液、第二提取液、第三提取液混合后减压浓缩至相对密度为1.35-1.40,得中药稠膏。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于,所述步骤S1-2中70%乙醇回流提取二次的方式如下:
第一次回流提取:加入药物总质量6倍的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取3h,过滤分离药渣和提取液;
第二次回流提取:加入药渣总质量4倍的70%乙醇,70℃回流提取2h,过滤分离药渣和提取液。
5.据权利要求1所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于,所述糊化淀粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S2-1、将玉米淀粉加入至2倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后水浴加热至60-65℃,保温搅拌30-40min,后干燥粉碎,得半糊化淀粉;
S2-2、将玉米淀粉加入3倍体积的清水中搅拌均匀后,加热至80-90℃,保温搅拌15min,后升温至90-100℃,继续搅拌5-10min,后干燥粉碎得全糊化淀粉;
S2-3、将半糊化淀粉和全糊化淀粉按照质量比2∶1混合,得糊化淀粉的。
6.据权利要求1所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于,所述活血通脉胶囊的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取1/3的中药稠膏加3倍体积水搅拌溶解后,再加入海藻酸钠,搅拌溶解制得海藻酸钠中药溶液;
(2)将壳聚糖和氯化钙混合加入5倍体积的水中,搅拌溶解制得壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液;
(3)将壳聚糖/氯化钙溶液滴加至海藻酸钠中药溶液中,边滴加边搅拌,制得混合液备用;
(4)将剩余的2/3中药稠膏混合糊化淀粉拌合均匀,再加入混合液中进行搅拌后制粒,干燥后加入硬脂酸镁,于三维混合机中混合,得药物颗粒备用;
(5)将上述药物颗粒按照生产规格要求采用胶囊壳进行封装,得活血通脉胶囊。
7.据权利要求6所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中搅拌溶解过程中保持水浴温度在50-55℃。
8.据权利要求6所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中边滴加边搅拌时保持水浴加热温度在45-50℃。
9.据权利要求6所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中制粒方式为使用摇摆颗粒机14目不锈钢筛制粒。
10.据权利要求6所述的一种活血通脉胶囊,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中干燥的方式为60-70℃恒温干燥至含水量≤8%。
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