CN117414369A - 灵芝酸t在制备类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用 - Google Patents
灵芝酸t在制备类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物应用技术领域,具体涉及灵芝酸T在制备类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用,灵芝酸T可治疗缓解类风湿关节炎大鼠滑膜细胞增生、炎细胞浸润,纤维组织增生,在大鼠给药剂量为2.5~10 mg/kg,具有明显的抗炎、调节免疫的作用,有望开发成新的治疗类风湿性关节炎的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物应用技术领域,具体涉及一种灵芝酸T在制备类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用。
背景技术
类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis,RA)是一种自身免疫性疾病,以滑膜炎症、血管翳生成、软骨及骨破坏为病理特征。早期临床特征是关节局部疼痛、肿胀,病程晚期可能出现关节僵硬和畸形,并伴有骨骼肌的萎缩,严重者可致残疾。我国目前约有500万RA患者,生命质量严重降低,给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。临床治疗RA的药物主要包括非甾体类抗炎药、糖皮质激素和新型生物制剂等,尚无特效药物,这些药仅能控制病程进展,治愈率较低且容易复发,在很长一段时间用药后甚至会出现更多不良反应。因此,从中药中开发安全高效的RA治疗药物具有广阔的前景。RA属中医“痹证”范畴。痹证的主要因素为机体正气亏损,“风、寒、湿”三种邪气侵袭而发病。因此,扶正、祛散风寒湿邪为治疗RA的重要方法。
灵芝属于传统中药,在我国临床应用已有2000多年的历史,具有扶正固本的作用特点。灵芝中的主要活性成分包括灵芝多糖及灵芝三萜,不同于灵芝多糖的β-葡聚糖类聚合物,灵芝三萜是一种高度氧化的羊毛甾烷类三萜,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保肝护肾等多种药理活性。灵芝作为药用真菌,根据其生物学特点,可大致分为子实体、菌丝体和孢子三部分。之前报道的灵芝三萜均是从灵芝子实体中提取的单体化合物。而灵芝酸T(Ganoderic acid T, GA-T,式I)是从灵芝菌丝体中发酵提取的羊毛甾烷类三萜,在结构上不同于子实体中提取的灵芝三萜,GA-T具有两个环内双键,且在羧基的α、β位具有双键,目前对GA-T的研究主要集中在提取分离和结构鉴定方面,药理学活性研究甚少,仅报道其具有抗肿瘤活性。
式I
尽管目前临床治疗RA的药物可改善部分患者的活动度和临床结局,但是仍有相当比例的RA患者无法实现临床缓解,出现持续疾病活动和影像学进展,这一现象被认为是RA的“治疗瓶颈”。因此,药物的研发需求仍十分迫切。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明发现GA-T在RA中具有明显的抗炎、调节免疫的作用,有望开发成新的治疗RA的药物。
大量实验数据说明,灵芝酸T可治疗缓解RA大鼠滑膜细胞增生、炎细胞浸润,纤维组织增生,在大鼠给药剂量为2.5~10 mg/kg时。具体具有以下积极有益效果:
(1)灵芝酸T可改善大鼠RA引起的体重降低,可减轻CIA大鼠足跖肿胀度,可缓解CIA大鼠病理学改变。
(2)灵芝酸T可降低CIA大鼠血清细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量,抑制上述炎症介质的表达。
(3)灵芝酸T可降低CIA大鼠踝关节滑膜组织炎症相关蛋白的表达,发挥抗炎作用。
附图说明
图1. 灵芝酸T对CIA大鼠体重变化影响示意图。
图2. 各组大鼠右后足跖肿胀表现示意图。
图3. 各组大鼠右后足跖肿胀度统计。
图4. 各组大鼠关节炎评分示意图。
图5. 各组大鼠踝关节H&E染色结果示意图。
图6. 各组大鼠踝关节病理评分示意图。
图7 中A. 各组大鼠血清中炎症因子IL-1β水平的示意图;B.各组大鼠血清中炎症因子IL-6水平的示意图;C.各组大鼠血清中炎症因子TNF-α水平的示意图。
图8中 A. 灵芝酸T对CIA大鼠踝关节IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达抑制的Westernblot示意图;B. 灵芝酸T对CIA大鼠踝关节IL-1β蛋白表达抑制作用的统计图;C.灵芝酸T对CIA大鼠踝关节IL-6蛋白表达抑制作用的统计图;D.灵芝酸T对CIA大鼠踝关节TNF-α蛋白表达抑制作用的统计图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
1.1实验材料:灵芝酸T (GA-T)。
1.2实验动物造模及给药
SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠,通过胶原诱导建立RA大鼠模型(collagen-inducedarthritis,CIA)。将大鼠随机选取10只为正常组,其余大鼠采用牛Ⅱ型胶原以及不完全弗氏佐剂制备RA大鼠模型。实验第1天对大鼠尾根部进行多点皮内注射牛Ⅱ型胶原与不完全弗氏佐剂等量混合的乳化液,0.2 mL/只,第7天对大鼠进行再次免疫(0.1 mL/只)并开始进行足跖肿胀度测定,第14天根据关节炎指数(arthritis index,AI)的评分标准开始对其进行评分。AI评分≥4分的大鼠视为造模成功,依据随机分配原则将其分为模型组,GA-T低剂量组(2.5 mg/kg),GA-T中剂量组(5 mg/kg),GA-T高剂量组(10 mg/kg),每组15只。于实验第15天各组按剂量进行药物干预,正常组及模型组灌胃给予同等剂量的生理盐水,连续4周。于末次给药24 h后将各组大鼠进行麻醉,取踝关节,H&E染色,观察其病理学改变。
1.3 一般状态及体重观察
于实验第1天、第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天、第35天、第42天对各组大鼠进行称重,并对其一般状态进行观察与记录。
1.4 足跖肿胀度测定
于实验第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天、第35天、第42天采用足跖容积肿胀测量仪进行测定。足跖肿胀度=免疫后足跖体积-免疫前足跖体积。
1.5 关节炎指数(AI)评分
于实验第14天、第21天、第28天、第35天、第42天对模型组和各给药组进行AI 评分。评分标准具体为:无关节红肿,0 分;足小趾关节红肿,1 分;趾关节及足跖关节肿胀,2分;踝关节以下足爪肿胀,3分;包括踝关节在内的全部足爪肿胀,4 分。四肢累计评分即为大鼠AI评分。
1.6 血清炎症因子水平测定
末次给药24 h后,分离血清,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中促炎因子(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)的表达水平。
1.7 关节组织病理学观察
实验结束后,取大鼠右后足踝关节,分离皮肤和肌肉后,苏木素-伊红(Hematoxylin and eosin,H&E)染色后于光学显微镜下观察组织病理变化,并评分。
表1 踝关节病理评分标准如下:
1.8 Western blot 实验
取大鼠踝关节处关节滑膜,用Western blot方法研究灵芝酸T对滑膜组织中炎症相关蛋白表达水平的影响。
用RPIA裂解液处理滑膜组织,收取蛋白,用BCA法进行蛋白定量。调整样品的蛋白量进行SDS-PAGE,将电泳分离的蛋白转移到PVDF膜上。PBST洗膜5min×3。室温下用5%脱脂奶粉(PBST溶解)封闭PVDF膜1h。随后炎症蛋白相关抗体,4℃孵育过夜。PBST洗脱3次,加入相应的二抗,孵育1h,漂洗3次。将PVDF膜用发光试剂ECL显色,Bio-Rad凝胶成像胶采集图像,用Quantity one对图像进行灰度分析。上述实验均重复3~5次。
2.1 灵芝酸T可改善大鼠类风湿性关节炎引起的体重降低
在初次免疫后第14天,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠的尾根部出现不同程度的溃烂及结痂现象,前后足跖及踝关节红肿、行动迟缓,严重者后期甚至出现拖行现象,模型组大鼠毛色粗糙、暗淡,进食减少。GA-T各剂量组给药后,上述现象均有不同程度的改善。
与正常组相比,模型组大鼠造模后第14天体重出现下降趋势,第21天起至实验结束时CIA模型组体重显著降低(P < 0.01);与CIA模型组比较,GA-T中、高剂量组在给药两周后,GA-T低剂量组在给药四周后体重显著升高(P < 0.05或0.01),见图1。
2.2 灵芝酸T可减轻CIA大鼠足跖肿胀度
造模前,各组大鼠的右后足跖肿胀度基本相同,在初次免疫之后的第14天,CIA模型组大鼠相较于正常组,右后足跖肿胀度显著升高(P < 0.01),见图2-4。与模型组相比,GA-T各组大鼠给药后右后足跖肿胀度明显下降,并呈剂量依赖性。
2.3 灵芝酸T可降低CIA大鼠关节炎指数
在初次免疫后第14天,CIA模型组大鼠相较于正常组,其AI评分明显升高(P < 0.01);相较于模型组,GA-T低、中、高给药组在给药两周后AI评分均显著降低(P < 0.05或0.01)。
2.4 灵芝酸T可缓解CIA大鼠病理学改变
见图5,H&E染色显示,正常组大鼠踝关节软骨结构完整,表面光滑,软骨细胞分布均匀,细胞呈层状排列,整齐有序,结构清晰,潮线完整,细胞核呈蓝色卵圆形,位于细胞中央;滑膜组织形态如常,内衬单层柱状上皮,细胞未见增生、肥大,间质无水肿,见少量血管,未见明显炎性细胞浸润。
模型组大鼠踝关节软骨组织表面粗糙,局部破损,可见糜烂、剥落,软骨细胞排列疏松、紊乱,层次不清,细胞核固缩,潮线紊乱或消失;内衬滑膜细胞增生呈复层,极向紊乱,多呈乳头状结构向关节腔内突起,间质水肿,滑膜组织内大量炎性细胞浸润,纤维组织增生,血管增生、扩张、充血。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠踝关节病理评分显著升高,见图6。
灵芝酸T给药组大鼠踝关节软骨表面粗糙不平,软骨细胞排列较整齐,层次较清楚,细胞变性不明显;滑膜细胞层数轻度增厚,排列较有序,局部呈小乳头状结构向关节腔内突起,间质水肿,少量炎性细胞浸润,血管增生不明显。与模型组比较,灵芝酸T给药组大鼠踝关节病理评分明显下降,并呈剂量依赖性。
2.5 灵芝酸T可降低CIA大鼠血清中炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的含量
收集大鼠血清检测炎症因子的表达。ELISA 实验结果见图7,与正常组大鼠相比,模型组大鼠血清中的IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α的表达量明显升高;与模型组相比,GA-T处理(2.5,5,10 mg/kg)可抑制上述炎症因子的表达。
2.6 灵芝酸T可降低CIA大鼠踝关节滑膜组织炎症相关蛋白的表达
收集大鼠滑膜组织提取蛋白进行Western blot实验,结果也同样显示,见图8,模型组大鼠滑膜组织中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白水平明显高于正常大鼠,GA-T给药后明显降低了这些蛋白的表达,发挥抗炎作用。
Claims (3)
1.灵芝酸T在制备类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用。
2.灵芝酸T在制备大鼠类风湿性关节炎药物中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:给药剂量为2.5~10 mg/kg。
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