CN117402794A - 一种加氏乳杆菌及其应用 - Google Patents
一种加氏乳杆菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117402794A CN117402794A CN202311699058.5A CN202311699058A CN117402794A CN 117402794 A CN117402794 A CN 117402794A CN 202311699058 A CN202311699058 A CN 202311699058A CN 117402794 A CN117402794 A CN 117402794A
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- lactobacillus gasseri
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- lgass
- intestinal
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Abstract
本发明属于微生物领域,具体涉及一种加氏乳杆菌及其应用,所述加氏乳杆菌的保藏号为CCTCC NO:M 20231935。本发明还提供了一种包含该加氏乳杆菌的组合物,及其在制备改善胃肠道症状的产品中的用途。本发明的加氏乳杆菌安全性良好、耐胃酸、能抑制多种肠道致病菌、抑制促炎因子表达,并且能显著改善胃肠道症状。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物领域,具体涉及一种加氏乳杆菌及其应用,特别是在改善胃肠道症状中的应用。
背景技术
肠道微生物与人体健康息息相关,且被形象的称为“微生物器官”。肠道菌群作为机体重要的组成部分,正常状况下肠道菌群保持动态稳定,在促进营养物质消化吸收、维持肠道正常生理功能、调节机体免疫等众多生命活动中发挥重要的作用。然而肠道菌群容易受到各种因素的影响,例如:环境因素、饮食和生活习惯、精神因素、疾病状态、肿瘤治疗、抗生素使用以及年龄等众多因素。
人体肠道菌群在受到上述因素影响后发生紊乱,即肠道菌群失调,可表现为肠道有益菌的缺失、病原菌的过度繁殖、肠道屏障功能受损以及肠道炎症的发生,进一步引起宿主的胃肠道疾病,包括便秘、腹泻、腹痛、腹胀等情况,严重的可发展成炎症性肠病、溃疡性结肠炎、肠易激综合征等疾病,极大地影响人体健康和生活质量。
目前,利用肠道益生菌来改善肠道健康以及预防或治疗肠道疾病越来越受到关注。肠道益生菌可以增强肠道黏膜屏障功能、阻止病原菌的黏附和定殖、增强系统的免疫反应,从而达到维护肠道健康的作用。例如,中国发明专利申请CN 102711778A公开了一株动物双歧杆菌乳亚种DN-173010,并通过小鼠实验和组织学研究验证了其发酵乳能减轻溃疡性结肠炎。公开号为CN107312726A的专利申请文本公开了一种植物乳杆菌,此植物乳杆菌可抑制肠道内大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、猪链球菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌等有害菌的生长。
益生菌也被用来预防或改善一些药物,如抗生素等引起的副作用。在临床上,与化疗相关的副作用也是很常见的。消化系统反应就是最常见的副作用之一,如恶心、呕吐、腹泻和便秘等。以5-FU为例,5-FU被磷酸化为5-FdUMP或者5-FUMP后,对增殖的小肠细胞较敏感,能导致小肠黏膜损伤并干扰肠细胞的分裂引起肠壁细胞坏死及肠壁的广泛炎症,造成吸收和分泌细胞数量失衡,进而导致腹泻。另外,化疗药物还会造成细胞DNA损伤和线粒体功能障碍,导致ROS产生和细胞凋亡。ROS可以诱导NF-κB激活,进一步上调促炎因子的表达,导致上皮、内皮和结缔组织的损伤。在肠上皮发生损伤的情况下,有害细菌极易定殖,肠道微生态遭到破坏,进而造成致病菌感染,促进腹泻发生发展。
加氏乳杆菌又称格氏乳杆菌,天然存在于胃肠道、阴道或母乳中。中国专利CN103911309B公开了一种用于预防或治疗阴道炎的加氏乳杆菌,而中国专利CN110747146B公开的格氏乳杆菌LG08具有降解尿酸的作用。Jiang等人的研究(Food & Function,2023, 14(18):8504-8520)发现加氏乳杆菌CKCC1913介导的肠-肝轴调节可缓解2型糖尿病引起的胰岛素抵抗和肝损伤。现有研究鲜有报道加氏乳杆菌对胃肠道症状具有改善作用。
发明内容
本发明首先提供了一种加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)菌株,所述菌株为保藏号为CCTCC NO:M 20231935的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1。
在一些具体实施方案中,本发明所述的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)的16S rDNA序列与SEQ ID NO.1一致。
在一些具体实施方案中,本发明所述的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)具有编码如下酶的基因:
1)氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示的产乙酸相关酶;
2)氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示的产乙酸相关酶;
3)氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示的产丙酸相关酶;
4)氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示的产丙酸相关酶。
其次,本发明还提供了前述加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)菌株的培养方法,所述方法包括将所述加氏乳杆菌菌株接种至培养基,进行增殖培养,得到增殖的加氏乳杆菌菌株。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述培养基每1 L蒸馏水含有BHI肉汤粉末15-20 g,MRS肉汤粉末10-15 g,改良 GAM肉汤粉末12-17 g。
再次,本发明还提供了一种组合物,其活性成分含前述的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)菌株,或含有通过前述的培养方法培养得到的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)菌株。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)菌株作为唯一活性成分。
最后,本发明还提供了前述加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)或前述组合物在制备改善胃肠道症状的产品中的应用。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述胃肠道症状是肠道炎症和/或肠道病原菌感染。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述胃肠道症状是化疗药物引起的腹泻。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述肠道病原菌选自以下任意一种或其组合:铜绿假单胞菌、志贺氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌和副溶血性弧菌。
在一些具体实施方式中,所述化疗药物选自如下的一种或其组合:5-氟尿嘧啶、替加氟、5'-2'-脱氧尿苷、卡培他滨、替吉奥、紫杉醇、多西他赛、长春瑞滨、顺铂、卡铂、奈达铂、奥沙利铂、洛铂、环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺、美法仑、卡莫司汀、伊立替康。
在一些具体实施方案中,所述加氏乳杆菌具有如下生化鉴别特征:
1)在无氧三混培养基(BHI+MRS+改良GAM)上的菌落形态为白色不透明状圆形、中间凸起、表面光滑湿润;
2)不溶血;
3)基因组无毒力基因;
4)耐受pH 3.0的胃酸。
在一些具体实施方案中,所述加氏乳杆菌具有如下功能鉴别特征:
1)能抑制多种肠道致病菌;
2)能抑制促炎因子的表达;
3)缓解化疗药物毒性造成的腹泻和肠道上皮损伤。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1无毒力因子、非溶血,具有良好的安全性;
2、对多种致病菌具有抑制作用,调节肠道菌群,抑制致病菌生长;
3、抑制促炎因子的表达,减轻肠道炎症反应;
4、本发明的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1对化疗药物5-FU导致的腹泻有显著改善效果,而且不存在抑制胃肠道蠕动等副作用。
本发明的菌株保藏信息如下:
菌株名称:加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)Lgass-1
保藏日期:2023年10月18日
保藏单位:中国典型培养物保藏中心(China Center for Type CultureCollection,CCTCC),地址:湖北省武汉市武汉大学,邮编:430072,电话:027-68754052
保藏编号:CCTCC NO:M 20231935。
附图说明
图1是本发明的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1菌落形态正面照片;
图2是实施例5中加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1对多种致病菌的抑菌试验结果;
图3是实施例6中各实验组体外细胞炎症抑制试验结果,A是对IL-6表达的影响结果,B是对TNF-α表达的影响结果;
图4是实施例7中各实验组对5-氟尿嘧啶致腹泻小鼠的治疗效果,A是各组腹泻总分图;B是各组结直肠长度图;
图5是实施例8中各实验组对5-氟尿嘧啶致腹泻小鼠结肠TNF-α 基因表达的影响。
具体实施方式
除非有特别说明,本文中使用的术语具有生物医药领域通用的含义。
针对本发明所请求保护的菌株(微生物保藏号为CCTCC NO:M 20231935的加氏乳杆菌菌株,Lgass-1株),与Lgass-1株的没有突变的基因组完全相同的、或传代中积累微小突变的,但毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株应当视为经过微生物保藏的Lgass-1株。毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株或突变菌株主要指基于Lgass-1株传代以及传代中积累微小突变的菌株。并且所述菌株可以是活菌也可以是灭活形式。
Lgass-1株经传代应用不可避免引入微小突变,毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株或突变菌株应当属于本发明的贡献范围。毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化,包括担不限于,在检测灵敏度、检测限等检测技术的局限性和可接受或不可避免误差的范围内视为毒性、免疫原性与生物活性是相同的。
经常需要用动物测定Lgass-1株后代的毒性、免疫原性与生物活性,由于动物品种、年龄、性别、健康状况等体现的差别以及可预期或不可避免的系统误差属于没有实质性变化,属于毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株。
Lgass-1株传代多次后不可避免引入微小的突变,当突变发生在非编码序列区或者编码区的同义突变或者不影响菌株毒性、免疫原性与生物活性的突变(比如,可能是两个结构域之间的连接氨基酸残基,或者位于蛋白质高级结构内部因不与免疫细胞接触而不影响毒性、免疫原性与生物活性的微小突变的残基),可以合理预期的是当这些微小变化没有明显影响后代毒株的毒性、免疫原性与生物活性的情况下,仍然在本发明的实质技术贡献范围内,这些微小的突变仍属于非实质性突变,应当视为毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有变化的突变菌株。
本发明Lgass-1株的培养基培养传代菌株,可合理预期的是,与其他细菌一样,不可避免引入微小突变,当其毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质性变化时,属于毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株或突变菌株。
Lgass-1株来自人阴道样本,必然在不同人体中或环境中有可能在本发明申请日以后分离到并鉴定的与Lgass-1株具有共同祖先且与其他已知加氏乳杆菌菌株存在明显生理遗传差别的同源菌株,它们基因组与Lgass-1株可能完全相同,也可能有微小的差别。
当这些同源菌株与Lgass-1株的差别程度相当于毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有实质变化的传代菌株或突变菌株与Lgass-1株的差别程度时,这些同源菌株与Lgass-1株相同或视为毒性、免疫原性与生物活性没有差别,这些同源菌株属于与Lgass-1株实质相同的菌株。
本发明所述的组合物含有活性成分加氏乳杆菌,以及其他成分,比如不具有生理功效的辅料成分,或者其他功效性成分。功效性成分包括但不限于其他功效菌株,或具有营养、膳食补充作用的营养成分、膳食纤维、益生元成分、后生元成分等。
本发明所述的组合物可以制备成任一种便于使用的形式,例如临床或食品中常见的粉剂、片剂、颗粒剂、凝胶剂、胶囊或液体剂。
本发明所述的组合物以能发挥功效的含量(治疗有效量)和频率给予使用对象,推荐单次使用剂量中含有102~1015 CFU、104~1013 CFU或105~1012 CFU的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)。
本发明中的特定温度参数,如无特殊说明,应理解为恒温处理,并允许在一定温度区间内存在变动。如在±5℃、±4℃、±3℃、±2℃、±1℃的范围内波动。
本发明所述腹泻是指排便次数明显超过平时习惯(>3次/d),粪质稀薄,含水量增加(>85%),大便可伴有黏液、脓血或未消化的食物的一种临床症状,在本发明中其含义覆盖抗生素相关性腹泻、化疗相关性腹泻、功能性腹泻、感染性腹泻等。
本发明所述的肠道炎症是指微生物感染、缺血、放射线、机体免疫失调等各种原因引起的肠道炎症性反应,最常见的症状有腹痛、腹泻、血便、发热等。可伴有白细胞介素-6(IL-6)等炎症因子指标的升高。
辅料成分包括药物载体和赋型剂。药物载体是指不对受试者引起显著刺激且不消除所施用的益生菌的生物活性及特性的药学载体。药学上可接受的载体可增强或稳定组合物,或可用于促进组合物的制备。药学上可接受的载体可包括溶剂、分散介质、涂层、表面活性剂、抗氧化剂、等渗剂、吸收延迟剂、盐、药物稳定剂、结合剂、赋形剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、甜味剂、调味剂、染料等及其组合,正如本领域技术人员已知的(参见例如Remington'sPharmaceutical Sciences,第18版MackPrinting Company,1990,第1289-1329页)。除非常规载体与活性成分不相容,否则考虑将其用于治疗性或药物组合物中。载体可经选择以使受试者的不利副作用降至最低和/或使活性成分的失活降至最低。
赋型剂是指添加至药物组合物中以使药物具有一定形状或一定浓度的物质。例如无菌水、生理盐水、聚亚烷基二醇(诸如聚乙二醇)、植物油或氢化萘、碳酸氢钙、磷酸钙、多种糖、各种类型淀粉、纤维素衍生物、明胶等。
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,均应属于本发明保护的范围。
以下实施例中所用到的培养基配制方法如下:
MRS液体培养基的配制:称取MRS肉汤粉末(广东环凯生物科技有限公司,027312)54 g,加入蒸馏水或去离子水1 L,搅拌加热煮沸至完全溶解, 加入一水合半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5 g,N2置换除氧并分装,121 ℃高温湿热灭菌15 min,阴凉、干燥处存放,备用。
MRS固体培养基的配制:称取MRS肉汤粉末54 g,加入蒸馏水或去离子水1 L,1.5%的琼脂粉,搅拌加热煮沸至琼脂完全融化, 加入一水合半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5 g,N2置换除氧并分装,121 ℃高温湿热灭菌15 min,阴凉、干燥处存放,备用。
三混液体培养基的配制:称取BHI肉汤粉末(青岛海博生物技术有限公司,HB8297-5)19.25 g,MRS肉汤粉末(广东环凯生物科技有限公司,027312)13.5 g,改良 GAM肉汤粉末(青岛海博生物技术有限公司,HB8518-3)15 g,溶解于1 L的蒸馏水中,N2置换除氧并分装,121℃高温湿热灭菌30 min,阴凉、干燥处存放。
二混液体培养基的配制:称取BHI肉汤粉末19.25 g,MRS肉汤粉末27.0 g,一水合半胱氨酸盐酸盐(峨眉山市龙腾生物科技有限公司)0.5 g,溶解于1 L的蒸馏水中,进行除氧分装,121℃高温湿热灭菌15 min,阴凉、干燥处存放。
二混固体培养基的配制:二混液体培养基的基础上增加5g琼脂粉,其他步骤相同。
无氧无刃天青PBS的配制:称取磷酸二氢钾0.27 g,磷酸氢二钠1.42 g,氯化钠8g,氯化钾0.2 g,溶解于1 L的蒸馏水中,加热煮沸,冷却至室温加入0.55 g半胱氨酸盐酸盐,搅拌溶解后调节pH至6.5,装上定量分液器并通N2,加热至沸腾,在微沸状态下保持30min,冷却后分装为400 mL/瓶,121℃高温湿热灭菌30 min,阴凉、干燥处存放,备用。
人工胃液的配制:取10%(v/v)稀盐酸16.4 mL,定容至1 L。称取胃蛋白酶(上海源叶生物科技有限公司,S10028)10 g,溶解混匀后调节pH至3.0。手套箱内0.22 μm滤器除菌,备用。4℃保存不超过30天。
TSB(胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤,青岛海博生物技术有限公司,HB4114)、TSA(胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂,青岛海博生物技术有限公司,HB4138)培养基的配制均按照说明书进行称量溶解,121℃高温湿热灭菌30 min,阴凉、干燥处存放。
菌粉制备培养基:称取无水葡萄糖12 g,大豆胨 5 g,大豆蛋白胨5 g,大豆蛋白胨5 g,酵母浸粉5 g,乙酸钠5 g,磷酸二氢钾4.5 g,磷酸氢二钠4.7 g,硫酸镁0.1 g,硫酸锰0.045 g,吐温80 1 g,一水合半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5 g,溶解于1 L的蒸馏水中,N2置换除氧,分装,121 ℃灭菌15 min。阴凉、干燥处存放。
实施例1 加氏乳杆菌的分离鉴定
加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri) Lgass-1的筛选分离方法如下:
(1)将提前配制好的MRS固体培养基置于高压灭菌锅,于104℃灭菌20 min使琼脂培养基熔化,培养基取出后于55℃水浴锅保温0.5 h;在生物安全柜中,向琼脂培养基中加入50% DL-乳酸混匀,用pH试纸检测最终培养基pH接近5.0;倾倒平皿,晾干水汽后,编号、标记、备用。
(2)取10 ml离心管标记(100、10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5),每只分装4.5 mL无氧无刃天青PBS;将采集的阴道棉拭子置于原始梯度离心管中,前端折断,充分涡旋3 min;10倍梯度稀释至10-5,按照0.1 mL/平皿的菌液量进行涂布,每个梯度设置3个平行;平皿涂布完成后,倒置于密封培养盒中,加厌氧产气袋,37℃厌氧培养一周。挑取已生长单菌落于MRS液体培养基中进行转接,培养48 h后,取一半菌液利用MALDI-TOF-MS检测,初步对分离菌株进行分类,另一半根据质谱结果,再次转接到96孔板中,一式两份,培养48 h后一个板进行16SrDNA序列扩增并委托北京擎科生物科技有限公司成都分公司测序,另一板按1:1的比例加入50%甘油混合临时保藏,待PCR结果确认后使用。
(3)对16S rDNA测序结果进行分析,将序列与NCBI nt库做比对,结果显示与一株加氏乳杆菌Lactobacillus gasseri 的序列相似度最高(99.93%),由此初步鉴定其为Lactobacillus gasseri,命名为加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1。其菌落形态呈白色不透明状圆形菌落,中间凸起、表面光滑湿润,正面照片见图1。
实施例2 加氏乳杆菌的全基因组分析
将加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1按2%接种量接种至5 mL厌氧三混液体培养基中,培养至对数生长后期,提取菌株全基因组DNA,利用Illumina高通量测序平台NovaSeq 6000进行全基因组测序。组装及注释后,将蛋白序列输入毒力基因库Virulence Factor Databases(VFDB)进行毒力因子分析。结果显示,该菌不具有毒力因子,基因组层面安全。利用平均核苷酸相似度(Average Nucleotide Identity,ANI)进行菌株的新颖性分析。通过在Genbank中进行搜索,从中找到了119个已公开的Lactobacillus gasseri全基因组,通过fastANI(v1.33)比较发现,仅有1株菌GCA_022756425.1与加氏乳杆菌 Lgass-1全基因组相近度较高,为99.90%。进一步通过Snippy(v4.6.0)分析发现两个菌株间SNP(单核苷酸多样性,single nucleotide polymorphism)位点有112个,INS(Insertion, Ins)位点有6个,DEL(Deletion,Del)位点有7个,COMPLEX(突变类型除SNP、DEL和INS外的均定义为COMPLEX)有2个,说明基因组差异大,故可认为加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1为新菌株,其16S rDNA序列如SEQ IDNO.1所示。
通过emapper-2.1.9对全基因组序列进行注释,进一步发现加氏乳杆菌 Lgass-1具有可编码氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2和SEQ ID NO.3所示的产乙酸相关酶,以及氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4和SEQ ID NO.5所示的产丙酸相关酶的基因。
实施例3 加氏乳杆菌的溶血试验
将保藏的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1按2%接种量接种至5 mL厌氧三混液体培养基中,以粪肠球菌(β溶血,CICC23658,购自至中国工业微生物菌种保藏管理中心)作为阳性对照,以空白培养基作为阴性对照。所有菌株均在厌氧三混液体培养基中37℃厌氧培养至对数生长后期,得到活化菌株。各取2.5 μL活化菌株接种至哥伦比亚血平板(上海科玛嘉微生物技术有限公司)上,每组设置3个平行。于37℃厌氧培养48 h后进行观察,阳性菌株菌落周围形成界限明显、完全透明的溶血环,为β溶血;加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1菌落周围的培养基没有变化,为γ溶血,即不溶血,因此,对人体施用没有溶血风险。
实施例4 加氏乳杆菌的耐胃酸能力
将保藏的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1按2%接种量接种至5 mL厌氧二混液体培养基中,培养至对数晚期。吸取1 mL菌液以500 rpm离心5 min后,弃去培养基上清,使用1 mL无氧无刃天青PBS将菌体重悬作为对照组;1 mL菌液离心后弃去上清,使用1 mL pH 3.0含胃蛋白酶胃液重悬后作为胃液组。37℃,厌氧静置6 h。将对照组、胃液组菌液进行10倍梯度稀释至适宜梯度,取其中25 μL滴定于厌氧二混固体琼脂平皿上。37℃、厌氧静置培养48小时后对菌落进行计数。实验重复三次,实验结果以Mean±SD表示。
数据处理:菌株存活率=实验组活菌数/对照组活菌数×100%。
活菌数统计结果如表1所示,加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1经pH 3.0含胃蛋白酶胃液处理6小时后,活菌数存活率高达(94.41±2.70)%,表明加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1具有较强的耐酸能力。
表1 Lgass-1耐胃液实验结果
组别 | 对照组 | 胃液组 |
活菌数(CFU/ml) | (3.41±0.17)×108 | (3.22±0.07)×108 |
实施例5 加氏乳杆菌对致病菌的抑菌能力
选取6种常见的导致腹泻的致病菌进行抑菌能力检测,致病菌株来源信息如下:
表2 致病菌来源信息
菌株名称 | 菌株保藏号 | 菌株保藏单位 |
铜绿假单胞菌 | CMCC(B)10104 | 中国食品药品检定研究院 |
志贺氏菌 | CMCC(B)51252 | 中国食品药品检定研究院 |
大肠杆菌 | CMCC(B)44102 | 中国食品药品检定研究院 |
金黄色葡萄球菌 | CMCC(B)26003 | 中国食品药品检定研究院 |
小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌 | CMCC(B)52204 | 中国食品药品检定研究院 |
副溶血性弧菌 | ATCC 17802 | 美国微生物菌株保藏中心 |
Lgass-1发酵液获得:Lgass-1经活化后,按2%的接种量接种于无氧三混液体培养基中37℃厌氧培养48 h,获得发酵液。
病原菌制备与涂布:铜绿假单胞菌、志贺氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌和副溶血性弧菌经TSB肉汤培养基活化后,于TSB肉汤培养基中稀释50倍达到合适浓度,取0.2 mL稀释的菌液于TSA固体培养基上涂布。
Lgass-1与病原菌共培:分别放置3支灭菌牛津杯于涂布好的病原菌平板上,在牛津杯中加入0.2 mL Lgass-1发酵液,放入培养盒,平皿正置培养24 h,用游标卡尺测量抑菌圈大小,并计算平均值。统计结果如图2所示:Lgass-1菌对铜绿假单胞菌、志贺氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌和副溶血性弧菌均有抑菌能力。
实施例6 加氏乳杆菌的体外细胞炎症抑制试验
THP-1细胞极化:使用含10% FBS和终浓度为100 ng/mL PMA(佛波醇12-十四酸酯13-乙酸酯,Sigma-Aldrich Company, P1585)的RPMI-1640(Thermo Fisher,C11875500BT)培养基,以1×105 个细胞/孔的接种密度将THP-1细胞接种于96孔板中,置于5% CO2培养箱,37℃培养24 h使其极化成为成熟巨噬细胞。
菌株培养:从菌保管中接种加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1菌液200 μL至5 mL厌氧二混液体培养基中,37℃电热恒温培养箱厌氧培养24 h。转接一次后,厌氧培养8 h。取1 mL菌液,5000 rpm/min离心15 min。用含10% FBS的RPMI-1640培养基稀释至2×106 CFU/mL备用。
加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1对THP-1细胞表达TNF-α和IL-6的影响:THP-1极化成为成熟巨噬细胞后,正常对照组更换含10% FBS的RPMI-1640培养基;模型组、阳性对照地塞米松组及Lgass-1试验组分别更换含10% FBS、终浓度为100 ng/mL LPS(Sigma-Aldrich Company,L3024)和20 ng/mL IFN-γ(PeproTech,AF-300-02)的RPMI-1640培养基,进行炎症型巨噬细胞的造模。各组均置于5% CO2培养箱中,37℃培养24 h。吸去培养基,正常对照组和模型组分别添加100 μL含10% FBS的RPMI-1640培养基;阳性对照组添加100 μL含10% FBS和终浓度为25 μg/mL的地塞米松(Sigma-Aldrich Company,D4902-25)的RPMI-1640培养基;Lgass-1试验组添加100 μL前期制备好的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1菌液。置于5% CO2培养箱,37℃培养24 h后,各组分别吸取80 μL细胞培养液,4℃,5000 rpm/min,离心15 min,收集上清液,使用Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA试剂盒检测TNF-α含量(购于武汉伊莱瑞特生物科技股份有限公司,E-EL-H0109c),使用Human IL-6 (Interleukin6) ELISA试剂盒(购于武汉伊莱瑞特生物科技股份有限公司,E-EL-H6156) 检测IL-6含量。
实验结果:如图3所示,模型组细胞IL-6、TNF-α的表达显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01);阳性对照组地塞米松能够显著抑制THP-1细胞中促炎因子IL-6和TNF-α的表达(P<0.01);加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1组与模型组相比也能够显著降低促炎因子IL-6和TNF-α的表达(P<0.01),表明该菌株具有显著的抗炎作用。
实施例7 加氏乳杆菌对5-氟尿嘧啶致腹泻小鼠的治疗效果
冻干保护剂配制:
A液:蔗糖8 g,海藻糖8 g,纯化水44 g;115℃灭菌20 min。
B液:谷氨酸钠2 g,精氨酸盐酸盐2 g,纯化水16 g;115℃灭菌20 min。
C液:维生素C钠4 g,纯化水16 g。过滤除菌备用。
使用时按体积比A:B:C=6:2:2混合。
菌粉制备:将保藏的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1按10%接种量接种至菌粉制备培养基,37℃、90 rpm厌氧培养6~10 h,得到一级种子液(OD600值≥ 1.2)。随后,按1.5%接种量转接至菌粉制备培养基,37℃、90 rpm厌氧培养8~12 h,得到二级种子液(OD600值≥1.2)。按1.5%接种量将二级种子液用蠕动泵泵入发酵罐中,设置发酵参数(37℃、pH 5.1、100 rpm、0.06MPa),发酵培养。发酵菌液OD600值≥1.8或OD600值增长≤0.1时停止发酵,设置发酵温度为20℃,离心收集菌体。按菌泥和冻干保护剂重量比1:1~1:2添加冻干保护剂,混匀乳化菌泥。乳化后的菌悬液,放入降温至-40℃的冷冻干燥机的板层上冻干,粉碎后即得菌粉。动物给药前使用0.2 mL生理盐水将1×109 CFU菌粉配置成菌悬液。
试验动物:20只SPF级雄性Balb/c小鼠,体重18~22 g,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,饲养于SPF级动物房。
试验设计:采用5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU,购自天津金耀药业有限公司,规格10 mL/支,0.25 g/10 mL)溶液诱导小鼠化疗相关性腹泻模型,根据小鼠初始体重随机分为4组,分别为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照洛哌丁胺组和加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1组,每组5只。
总体实验周期为9天,记为D1-D9。D3进行5-FU单次造模处理,除正常对照组腹腔注射生理盐水外,其他组别均进行5-FU单次腹腔注射造模处理,造模剂量为350 mg/kg。
所有组别给药方式为灌胃,正常对照组、模型对照组灌胃冻干保护剂;连续灌胃5天(D1-D5);阳性对照洛哌丁胺组连续灌胃洛哌丁胺(购自西安杨森制药有限公司,LFJ8684)9天,剂量为20 mg/kg;Lgass-1组连续灌胃5天(D1-D5),按1×109 CFU/只的剂量灌胃加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1菌悬液。在D5给药结束后,连续观察4天。具体实验分组和给药方案见表3。
表3 实验分组和给药方案
组别 | 数量 | 造模剂 | 造模剂量 | 受试物 | 给药体积 | 给药剂量 | 给药天数 |
正常对照组 | 5 | 生理盐水 | / | 冻干保护剂 | 0.2 mL/只 | / | 5 d |
模型对照组 | 5 | 5-FU | 350mg/kg | 冻干保护剂 | 0.2 mL/只 | / | 5 d |
洛哌丁胺 | 5 | 5-FU | 350mg/kg | 洛哌丁胺 | 10 mL/kg | 20 mg/kg | 9 d |
Lgass-1 | 5 | 5-FU | 350mg/kg | Lgass-1 | 0.2 mL/只 | 1×109 CFU/只 | 5 d |
注:5-FU:5-氟尿嘧啶;CFU: colony forming unit 菌落形成单位;d: 天
腹泻观察与评分:将小鼠置于垫有洁净滤纸的小鼠笼内,每笼1只。粪便硬,正常便视为0分;轻度、轻微湿便或软便视为1分;中度,湿便、粪便不成形且肛周不洁视为2分;重度,稀便且严重肛周不洁视为3分。实验周期内,每天对小鼠粪便进行观察、评分,腹泻总分为每天腹泻评分的总和。
实验结果如图4所示,与模型对照组相比,Lgass-1对5-FU导致的腹泻和肠道损伤具有明显改善作用,Lgass-1组腹泻总分显著降低(P<0.05)(图4A),结直肠长度显著增加(P<0.05)(图4B)。表明本发明的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1能够显著改善化疗药物5-FU导致的腹泻症状和肠道损伤。
实施例8 加氏乳杆菌对5-氟尿嘧啶致腹泻小鼠结肠TNF-α的mRNA转录水平的影响
实施例7中的动物实验结束后,采集小鼠中段结肠,保存于-80 ℃冰箱。按照试剂说明书提取各组小鼠结肠组织总RNA,并反转录成cDNA,保存于-20 ℃备用。用qRT-PCR检测各组小鼠结肠炎症因子TNF-α的mRNA基因相对转录水平(引物序列见表4)。反应程序:95 ℃3 min,95 ℃ 20 s,60 ℃ 45 s,72 ℃ 20 s,共39个循环。采用2-ΔΔCT法进行分析,通过SPSS 24.0统计软件对数据进行显著性分析。
表4 qRT-PCR引物信息
基因 | 引物 |
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) | Forward: 5’-CTGTAGCCCACGTCGTAGC-3’Reverse: 5’-TTGAGATCCATGCCGTTG-3’ |
检测结果见图5,与正常对照组相比,模型对照组TNF-α的mRNA相对转录水平显著升高(P<0.01);Lplan-1给药后可显著降低TNF-α的mRNA相对转录水平(P<0.05)。
以上结果说明本发明的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1能够显著改善化疗药物5-FU导致的腹泻和肠损伤等胃肠道症状。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员,在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri),所述加氏乳杆菌为保藏号为CCTCC NO:M 20231935的加氏乳杆菌Lgass-1。
2.如权利要求1所述的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)的培养方法,其特征在于,将所述加氏乳杆菌菌株接种至培养基,进行增殖培养,得到增殖的加氏乳杆菌菌株。
3.如权利要求2所述的培养方法,其特征在于,所述培养基每1 L蒸馏水含有BHI肉汤粉末15-20 g,MRS肉汤粉末10-15 g,改良GAM肉汤粉末12-17 g。
4.一种食品、保健食品或药物组合物,其活性成分含有权利要求1所述的加氏乳杆菌菌株,或含有通过权利要求2或3所述的培养方法得到的加氏乳杆菌菌株。
5.权利要求1所述的加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)或权利要求4所述的组合物在制备改善胃肠道症状的产品中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述胃肠道症状是肠道炎症和/或肠道病原菌感染。
7.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述胃肠道症状是化疗药物引起的腹泻。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述病原菌选自以下任意一种或其组合:铜绿假单胞菌、志贺氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、副溶血性弧菌。
9.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述化疗药物选自以下任意一种或其组合:阿霉素、表阿霉素、放线菌素D、多柔比星、柔红霉素、紫杉醇、多西他赛、白蛋白紫杉醇、顺铂、卡铂、奈达铂、草酸铂、洛铂、环磷酰胺、氮芥、卡莫司汀、喜树碱、羟基喜树碱、拓扑替康、伊立替康、卡培他滨、吉西他滨、甲氨蝶呤、氟尿嘧啶、培美曲塞、阿糖胞苷。
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