CN117398433A - 一种丹参保心茶在制备防治认知功能障碍药物中的新应用 - Google Patents
一种丹参保心茶在制备防治认知功能障碍药物中的新应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医药技术领域,具体涉及一种丹参保心茶在制备防治认知功能障碍药物中的新应用。经动物实验证明本发明所述丹参保心茶能缓解认知功能障碍大鼠的认知功能障碍行为,具体表现在,能增加新物体的探索时间和Y迷宫实验中的正确入臀率,并且,本发明所述丹参保心茶还能通过调节线粒体代谢、改善脑能量代谢,改善认知功能障碍,具体表现在,提高大鼠线粒体ATP含量,增强大鼠脑组织中OPA1、GLUT4和PGC‑1αmRNA表达,非常适合应用于制备防治认知功能障碍药物的制备中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域。更具体地,涉及一种丹参保心茶在制备防治认知功能障碍药物中的新应用。
背景技术
认知功能障碍(MCI)的主要表现为记忆力进行性减退,介于正常衰老与阿尔茨海默病之间,每年有10%~15%的患者发展为阿尔茨海默病,并且截止到2020年,全球有5400多万位阿尔茨海默氏症,比2010年增加了37%,比过去30年(1990-2020年)增加了144%,中国人群发病率和患病率(65岁以上的人群为4.8%)比西方国家高。
认知功能障碍的病因包括情志、年老等内因和外邪入侵等外因,而病机大致可归纳为髓减脑消、脾肾阴虚、气血两虚、瘀血阻痹、痰阻清窍等。大脑易受到缺血性损伤的影响,因此脑内因缺血引起低灌注将通过造成内皮细胞、星形胶质细胞损伤,引发神经元的选择性死亡和葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)转运的葡萄糖含量下降,以及影响氧气、能量的供应和能量代谢调节因子的活性,引起过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活剂1(PGC-1α)的表达下调等方面,造成脑内线粒体能量代谢障碍,影响认知、学习能力。现有技术发现,慢性脑低灌流诱导的VaD模型小鼠显示PGC-1α的表达减少加重了认知障碍,而PGC-1α的过表达可以促进线粒体抗氧化,改善认知障碍(Han B,Jiang W,Liu H,et al.Upregulation ofneuronal PGC-1αameliorates cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebralhypoperfusion.Theranostics.2020;10(6):2832-2848.)。足细胞内源性PGC-1α表达减少导致线粒体功能障碍,而PGC-1α的过表达能够阻断Aldo诱导的足细胞线粒体功能障碍与损伤。
药物治疗是临床治疗认知功能障碍常用的治疗方法。现有常用的药物有胆碱酯酶抑制剂和非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂等。胆碱酯酶抑制剂多奈哌齐(安理申)疗效确切,可以通过抑制胆碱的水解,增强胆碱能递质功能,延缓MCI向阿尔茨海默病(AD)转归的进程;非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂美金刚增智效果明显,可拮抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体,减少兴奋性毒性,用于治疗中晚期AD患者。改成虽然这些药物能延缓认知功能障碍的发展,但是长期用药的不良反应明显,会加重肝肾心脏负担,导致心肌缺血。针对改善脑部供能的药物和治疗方法还尚研究阶段,应更积极地探索药物对于改善线粒体障碍,改善能量代谢的作用和机制,拓展药物的使用范围,为防治认知功能障碍提供新思路。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术延缓认知功能障碍药物的不足,提供一种安全、有效的丹参保心茶在制备防治认知功能障碍药物中的新应用。
本发明上述目的通过以下技术方案实现:
丹参保心茶以丹参和绿茶为主要成分,具有活血化瘀的功效,可以用于心血瘀阻型胸痹的辅助治疗,缓解胸痹、心痛、心悸。丹参的化学成分分为脂溶性和水溶性两类,脂溶性成分包括丹参酮类,主要有丹参酮Ⅰ(TanshinoneⅠ)、丹参酮Ⅱ、丹参酮ⅡA(TanshinoneⅡA)、丹参酮ⅡB(TanshinoneⅡB)等;水溶性成分包括酚酸类,包括丹参素、原儿茶醛和丹参酸甲、乙、丙。茶疗是中医药防病治病的特色,茶叶上可清头目、中可消食滞、下可利小便,现代研究发现茶含有大量茶多酚、咖啡碱、茶色素、氨基酸等成分,药理作用广泛。本发明将进一步拓宽丹参保心茶的新应用,为改善认知功能障碍提供理论依据。
因此,本发明提供了一种丹参保心茶在制备预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍药物中的新应用。本发明实验所采用的丹参保心茶为大兴安岭天草药业有限公司生产的中药茶饮丹参保心茶茶包,执行标准是国家食品药品监督管理总局国家药品标准WS-6007(B-0007)-2014Z,批准文号是国药准字B20040008,是红标OTC,为甲类非处方药,国药准字。开水泡服,一次一袋,一日三次。
本发明中药组合物丹参保心茶作为一种独立药物,其成分包括丹参和绿茶2种药材,“一味丹参,功同四物”。丹参味苦,性微寒,入心、肝经,具有活血祛瘀、通经止痛、清心除烦、凉血消痈之功效。药理研究表明,丹参酮、丹参素、丹酚酸具有清除自由基、抗炎、抗氧化、抑制血小板凝集、扩张血管等作用,改善微循环障碍,降低血液黏稠度,通过抗血小板聚集抗凝血,抗动脉粥样硬化防治冠心病。绿茶作为不发酵茶,保留了许多天然成分,绿茶主要含有茶多酚、氨基酸、生物碱、微量元素等化学成分,绿茶的主要成分绿茶多酚已被证实具有抗氧化作用,减轻自由基损伤、降血脂、预防动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病等多种生物学作用,且有很高的安全性。
进一步地,所述丹参保心茶由丹参提取物和绿茶组成;优选地,所述绿茶为绿茶粗粉。
更进一步地,所述丹参提取物的制备方法为:丹参用水煎煮1~3次,收集煎煮药液浓缩,冷却后加入乙醇溶液混合均匀,静置12~48h,过滤,滤液浓缩成清膏,即得。
更进一步地,所述丹参提取物与绿茶按照质量比为5:1.5~5:2.5混合后,干燥,即得丹参保心茶。
优选地,所述煎煮的时间为1~2.5h;更优选地,丹参用水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮的时间为2h,第二次煎煮的时间为1.5h。
优选地,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为增加新物体的探索时间。
优选地,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为增加Y迷宫实验中的正确入臀率。
优选地,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为改善线粒体代谢。
优选地,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为改善脑能量代谢。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明在现有丹参保心茶用于心血瘀阻型冠心病辅助治疗的基础上,发现了其对于认知功能障碍也有较好的效果,能较好的改善认知功能障碍大鼠的认知功能障碍行为、改善线粒体代谢和脑能量代谢,并且改善效果要优于单独的丹参组和绿茶组。此外,本发明以中药茶剂进行认知功能障碍的治疗副作用小,是对现有丹参保心茶所治疗范围的一个重大突破。
附图说明
图1为大鼠造模后新物体探索鉴别指数的数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01。
图2为大鼠造模后Y迷宫实验正确入臂率的数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01。
图3为大鼠造模成功分组给药后新物体探索鉴别指数的数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图4为大鼠造模成功分组给药后Y迷宫实验正确入臂率的数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图5为大鼠造模成功分组给药后脑组织中线粒体中ATP的数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图6为大鼠造模成功分组给药后脑组织中OPA1的mRNA表达数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图7为大鼠造模成功分组给药后脑组织中GLUT4的mRNA表达数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图8为大鼠造模成功分组给药后脑组织中PGC-1α的mRNA表达数据统计柱状图,其中,与Control组相比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与Model组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图9造模期间各组大鼠体重变化折线图。
图10为给药期间各组大鼠体重变化折线图。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
1、实验动物
所有动物实验均按照广州中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会批准执行。84只180~220g雄性SPF级SD大鼠购自于广东省医学实验动物中心(合格证:广中医动培20210396/许可证号:SCXK(粤)2022-0002),其中10只作为正常对照组,72只用于建立冠心病合并认知功能障碍模型。所有动物均饲养在广州中医药大学实验动物中心保持在舒适的23±2℃和12小时的明暗循环的SPF级实验室中。
2、实验样品药物制备方法
丹参提取物药液:丹参用水煎煮两次,第一次2小时,第二次1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液在80℃浓缩至相对密度为1.10~1.15的药液,放冷,在搅拌下缓慢加入乙醇使含醇量达60%,充分搅拌,静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇并浓缩成清膏,即得丹参提取物,再将其溶解于蒸馏水中,配制成0.04g/mL的药液。
绿茶浸泡浓缩药液:每2.5g配200mL开水浸泡5~10分钟,浸泡完成通过自动旋转蒸发仪浓缩至一定浓度,得0.04g/mL的药液。放在-20℃冰箱保存备用,给药前37℃加热。
丹参保心茶浸泡浓缩药液:本发明所用丹参保心茶为大兴安岭天草药业有限公司生产的中药茶饮丹参保心茶茶包,每包(2.5g)配200mL开水浸泡5~10分钟,浸泡完成通过自动旋转蒸发仪浓缩至一定浓度,得0.04g/mL药液。放在-20℃冰箱保存备用,给药前37℃加热。
通心络胶囊药液:将通心络胶囊的内容物倒出溶于生理盐水,配置成浓度为0.08g/mL的药液,给药前37℃加热,现用现配。
3、实验样品药物用量
丹参保心茶药量:成人每日摄入量=7.5g/d;成人体重=60kg;成人剂量=成人每日摄入量/成人体重=0.125g/kg,即125mg/kg。大鼠换算系数为6.17,所以125mg/kg×6.17=771.25mg/kg≈0.8g/kg,以这个剂量的20倍为丹参保心茶高剂量,10倍为丹参保心茶低剂量,根据大鼠体重得到所需丹参保心茶的重量,再根据上述丹参保心茶浸泡浓缩药液的浓度提前计算出所需大鼠灌胃的药液体积。
阳性对照组药物:通心络胶囊:成人1.56g/60kg/d,大鼠换算系数为6.17,选用10倍剂量,所以0.026g/kg×6.17×10=1.6g/kg。据大鼠体重得到所需丹参保心茶的重量,再根据上述通心络胶囊药液的浓度提前计算出所需大鼠灌胃的药液体积。
丹参提取物:成人7.5g/d,大鼠换算系数为6.17,所以125mg/kg×6.17=771.25mg/kg≈0.8g/kg,以这个剂量的10倍为实验剂量。据大鼠体重得到所需丹参保心茶的重量,再根据上述丹参保心茶浸泡浓缩药液的浓度提前计算出所需大鼠灌胃的药液体积。
绿茶:成人7.5g/d,大鼠换算系数为6.17,所以125mg/kg×6.17=771.25mg/kg≈0.8g/kg,以这个剂量的10倍为实验剂量。据大鼠体重得到所需丹参保心茶的重量,再根据上述丹参保心茶浸泡浓缩药液的浓度提前计算出所需大鼠灌胃的药液体积。
实施例1冠心病合并认知功能障碍模型大鼠的建立
SD大鼠适应性喂养1周后,将80只大鼠随机分成正常组(n=10)和冠心病合并认知功能障碍模型组(n=70)。于第1天开始建立认知功能障碍模型。术前将链脲佐菌素(3mg/kg)溶于新鲜配制的人工脑脊液中。大鼠腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥钠(40mg/kg)麻醉,将大鼠固定于脑定位仪上常规消毒备皮,正中切开头皮暴露出颅骨,在前囟后0.8mm,中线两侧1.5mm处,用三棱针蘸取少量H2O2捻钻颅骨至有落空感。然后固定1μL微量注射器于立体定位仪上,将其针头对准颅骨上钻开的针孔,降针3.6mm后每侧脑室各注射链脲佐菌素5μL并留针5min;术后缝合脑部皮肤,并给动物腹腔注射青霉素。于第1天除正常组外,各组大鼠颈部皮下注射盐酸异丙肾上腺素5mg/kg,每天一次,连续注射14天然后进行行为学试验,检验造模是否成功。
新物体探索实验分为三部分,第一部分为预适应,实验开始前2天,每天分别将大鼠放入未放有任何事物的箱子里适应10min。第二部分为熟悉期,将A,B两个物体放在一侧壁的左右两端,大鼠背朝两物体放入场地内,并且大鼠鼻尖距离两物的长度要一致。将大鼠放入箱子5min,放入后立即开启录像设备,5min结束后,立即将大鼠放回原来饲养的鼠盒内休息。第三部分为测试期,待大鼠休息1小时后进行,将场地内的B物体换作C物体,仍将大鼠背向两物体,鼻尖据两物体距离相同,将大鼠放入箱子观察5min,放入后立即开启录像设备,两次测试均记录大鼠在测试期对熟悉物体A探索时间(F)和新物体C探索时间(N),记录大鼠与这两个物体接触的情况,包括鼻子或嘴巴触及物体的次数和距离物体2-3cm范围内探究的时间(前爪搭在物体上、鼻子嗅物体、舔物体等均属探究物体,爬到物体上不动或者在物体附近走动不能算是对新物体的探究)。计算大鼠对新物体C的识别指数(RI),计算公式为RI=N/(N+F)×100%。每只大鼠训练或测试完成后用酒精擦拭物体和盒子,以消除大鼠停留在上面的气味,测试全过程视频录像并保存。图1结果显示,在新物体实验中,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠的鉴别指数明显降低(p<0.05),差异具有统计学差异。
Y迷宫实验为将大鼠放在Y迷宫任意一臂末端,任其自由探索8min,摄像系统记录动物8min的行为变化,记录以下各项指标:进臂次数:动物进入迷宫臂的次数(以大鼠四只脚均进入臂为进臂一次标准);轮流(交替)一次:记录动物进入各臂的顺序和总次数,依次连续进入Y迷宫全部三个臂记一次正确交替反应;最大轮流次数:正确交替反应总进臂次数-2。正确入臂率=总轮流次数/最大轮流次数*100%。图2结果显示,在Y迷宫实验中,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠的正确入臂率明显下降(p<0.05)
综上说明,大鼠造模成功。
实施例2认知功能障碍大鼠给药后进行新物体识别试验
行为学判定造模成功后,将实施例1造模成功的模型组大鼠随机分为6组,包括模型组(Model组)、丹参保心茶低剂量组(DBC-Low组,8g/kg)、丹参保心茶高剂量组(DBC-Hight组,16g/kg)、通心络胶囊组(TXL组,1.6g/kg),丹参组(DS组,8g/kg)、绿茶组(LC组,8g/kg),每组10只,进行14天的灌胃。正常组(Control组,10只/组)、模型组给予生理盐水灌胃(10mL/kg)。给完药后,按照实施例1所述新物体探索实验方法,开始进行新物体识别试验。
新物体识别实验是根据动物对熟悉物体和新物体探索时间的长短来检测其识别记忆能力的方法,主要用于评估动物非空间陈述性记忆能力,该实验不会对大鼠产生刺激,是一种较为成熟的评价动物非空间识别记忆能力的行为学方法。图3结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠对于新物体的探索时间降低,鉴别指数显著降低(p<0.01);与模型组比较,绿茶组大鼠鉴别指数升高(p<0.05),丹参保心茶低、高剂量组和阳性药物组大鼠对于新物体的探索时间较长,鉴别指数显著升高(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参组大鼠鉴别指数改善不明显,差异不具统计学意义。以上结果说明,本发明所述丹参保心茶能有效调节认知功能障碍大鼠的非空间识别记忆能力。
实施例3认知功能障碍大鼠给药后进行Y迷宫实验
行为学判定造模成功后,将实施例1造模成功的大鼠随机分为6组,包括模型组(Model组)、丹参保心茶低剂量组(DBC-Low组,8g/kg)、丹参保心茶高剂量组(DBC-Hight组,16g/kg)、通心络胶囊组(TXL组,1.6g/kg),丹参组(DS组,8g/kg)、绿茶组(LC组,8g/kg),每组10只,进行14天的灌胃。正常组(Control组)、模型组给予生理盐水灌胃(10mL/kg)。给完药后,按照实施例1所述Y迷宫实验方法,开始进行Y迷宫实验。
Y迷宫实验反应大鼠空间工作记忆的完整程度,基于动物对新环境探索的天性,动物每次转换探索方向时都需要记住前一次探索过的方向的原理。Y迷宫实验结果通过正确入臂率指标来体现,大鼠正确入臂率越高,说明其工作记忆能力越强。图4结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的正确入臂率降低(p<0.05);与模型组比较,丹参保心茶低、高剂量组和阳性药物组、大鼠的正确入臂率明显上升(p<0.05);丹参组和绿茶组大鼠正确入臂率,尽管平均值较高,但是数据相对偏差较大,所以在平均值差不多的情况下,与模型组相比,丹参组和绿茶组差异不具统计学意义。以上结果说明,本发明所述丹参保心茶能有效调节认知功能障碍大鼠的工作记忆能力,并且其调节效果要优于单独的绿茶组和单独的丹参组,即丹参保心茶中的丹参和绿茶具有协同增效作用。
实施例4认知功能障碍大鼠给药后线粒体ATP含量检测
行为学判定造模成功后,将实施例1造模成功的大鼠分为6组,包括模型组(Model组)、丹参保心茶低剂量组(DBC-Low组,8g/kg)、丹参保心茶高剂量组(DBC-Hight组,16g/kg)、通心络胶囊组(TXL组,1.6g/kg),丹参组(DS组,8g/kg)、绿茶组(LC组,8g/kg),每组10只,进行14天的灌胃。正常组(Control组)、模型组给予生理盐水灌胃(10mL/kg)。
实验结束后,解剖大鼠,取脑组织100mg剪成边长约3mm的小块,加入预冷缓冲液(Lysis Buffer)1mL,转移至预冷的玻璃匀浆器中,上下均匀匀浆20次制成10%匀浆(避免出现气泡)。低温高速离心机(温度4℃)以1000g转速离心5min后,取上清液再以1000g转速离心5min后,取上清液再以12000g转速离心10min后,取沉淀物加入Wash Buffer以1000g转速离心5min后,以1000g转速离心5min后,取沉淀加入线粒体保存液充分震荡,反复吹打,得到线粒体悬浮液,存于-80℃,上述操作均4℃下进行。在不透明96孔板里面每孔加入100uL酶工作液,室温放置5min,加入20uL已稀释的0.1、0.2、0.5、1、2μmol/L的标准品和线粒体悬浮液,并迅速用移液器进行混匀,等待2s后用Luminometer功能的酶标仪检测RLU值。检测样品蛋白浓度,计算时将ATP含量转换成nmol/mg蛋白的形式。
认知功能障的发病原因之一是线粒体功能障碍导致能量代谢异常,给药后若大鼠线粒体中ATP含量上升,说明该药物有可能通过改善能量代谢改善认知功能障碍。图5结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠线粒体中ATP的含量降低(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参保心茶高剂量组和阳性药物组大鼠线粒体中ATP含量明显改善上升(p<0.05);丹参保心茶低剂量组大鼠线粒体中ATP含量显著改善上升(p<0.01);丹参组和绿茶组大鼠线粒体中ATP含量改善不明显,差异不具统计学意义。结果说明,本发明所述丹参保心茶能有增加认知功能障碍大鼠脑组织中线粒体ATP含量,从而改善能量代谢,进而改善大鼠的认知功能障碍,并且其调节效果要优于单独的绿茶组和单独的丹参组,即丹参保心茶中的丹参和绿茶具有协同增效作用。
实施例5认知功能障碍大鼠给药后脑组织PGC-1α、GLUT4、OPA1 mRNA检测
实验结束后将大鼠解剖,取出其脑组织,于-80℃保存。
RNA提取:实验时称取20mg的脑组织于无酶EP管中,加入研磨珠,加入800μLTrizol冰上匀浆,静置2min。将上清液移置无酶EP管中,加入160μL氯仿,混匀。室温静置5分钟,12000g 4℃离心5min。离心后,小心取出离心管,吸取上清。向上清中加入0.5倍的异丙醇,充分混匀,室温静置10min后,12000g 4℃离心10min。弃上清,向沉淀中加入500μL 75%乙醇(4℃预冷),清洗RNA沉淀及离心管管壁,7500g 4℃离心5min,小心弃去上清。重复操作一次,打开离心管盖,室温干燥约10min。向离心管中加入50μL的RNA-free水溶解RNA。将溶解后的RNA放入-80℃中保存。
RNA含量测定:吸取1μL提取的RNA,用可见分光光度计测定RNA含量,A280/A260均大于等于1.8,说明RNA提取完整,可用于后续的实验。
逆转录反应:测得RNA浓度后,依据逆转录试剂盒说明书,在八连管内加入适量的RNA液体、混合液和RNA-free水,混匀后放入T100 PCR仪进行逆转录。逆转录条件为37℃15min,85℃5s,最后维持到4℃,取出后八连管放-20℃保存。
Q-PCR:根据样品情况,在96-PCR板进行点样,每个孔加入适量的cDNA样品后,加入适量的引物和反应混合液,混匀。将96-PCR板置Quantitative Real time PCR仪上进行PCR反应。按程序:95℃,30秒;40个PCR循环(95℃,5秒;60℃,30秒)。扩增反应结束后,建立PCR产物的熔解曲线。
表1Q-PCR引物序列
视神经萎缩蛋白1(OPA1)是线粒体内源发动蛋白,不仅参与线粒体融合,保留嵴结构并增加对凋亡刺激的抵抗性,还参与维持线粒体内膜的完整性,以防止能量代谢中质子泄露,并促进电子在呼吸链复合物间的膜内高效的转运。OPA1的表达过低将造成线粒体融合降低和维持线粒体内膜的不稳定,提高BAX插入和质子泄露的几率,从而引发细胞凋亡和能量代谢异常,脑内供能减少,将推进认知功功能障碍发病进程。图6结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的OPA1的mRNA表达降低(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参保心茶低、高剂量组和阳性药物大鼠的OPA1的mRNA表达明显上升(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参组和绿茶组大鼠OPA1的mRNA表达量差异不具统计学意义。实验结果表明,给药丹参保心茶和阳性药物后OPA1 mRNA表达量上升,说明丹参保心茶和阳性药物改善认知功能障碍可能是通过提高OPA1 mRNA表达量表达。给药丹参和绿茶OPA1 mRNA表达量上升没有统计学意义,说明单药组疗效不如复方药组,即丹参保心茶中的丹参和绿茶具有协同增效作用。
神经元内线粒体能量代谢所需的葡萄糖由膜上的葡萄糖转运蛋白转运至胞内。GLUT4主要存在于神经元中,在脑中学习记忆活动中提高葡萄糖转运,并保护海马神经元的突触可塑性。GLUT4的表达水平降低,将减少线粒体糖酵解途径的能量合成,将推进认知功功能障碍发病进程。图7结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的GLUT4的mRNA表达降低(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参保心茶低、高剂量组和阳性药物大鼠的GLUT4的mRNA表达明显上升(p<0.05);与模型组比较,丹参组和绿茶组大鼠的GLUT4的mRNA表达量与模型组相近,差异不具统计学意义。实验结果表明,给药丹参保心茶和阳性药物后GLUT4mRNA表达上升,说明丹参保心茶和阳性药物改善认知功能障碍可能是通过提高GLUT4 mRNA表达。给药丹参和绿茶GLUT4 mRNA表达含量上升没有统计学意义,说明单药组疗效不如复方药组,即丹参保心茶中的丹参和绿茶具有协同增效作用。
当大脑氧气减少或缺氧时,可能直接导致线粒体功能障碍,相对之下,线粒体功能障碍将导致脑部供能不足,从而促进认知功能障碍的发展。PGC-1α是线粒体增殖的关键调节因子,受多种转录因子的调节,调控线粒体的生物发生,增强线粒体的代谢能力。PGC-1α的水平与线粒体功能障碍和认知障碍密切相关。图8结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的PGC-1α的mRNA表达降低(p<0.01);与模型组比较,丹参保心茶低、高剂量组和阳性药物组大鼠的PGC-1α的mRNA表达显著上升(p<0.01);丹参组和绿茶组大鼠的PGC-1α的mRNA表达量与模型组相近,差异不具统计学意义。实验结果表明,给药丹参保心茶和阳性药物后PGC-1αmRNA表达上升,说明丹参保心茶和阳性药物改善认知功能障碍可能是通过提高PGC-1αmRNA表达。给药丹参和绿茶PGC-1αmRNA表达含量上升没有统计学意义,说明单药组疗效不如复方药组,即丹参保心茶中的丹参和绿茶具有协同增效作用。
实施例6认知功能障碍大鼠造模期间及给药后的体重变化
测定实验开始造模期间大鼠的体重变化。图9结果显示,造模开始后,正常组大鼠体重保持稳定持续增长,模型组大鼠在手术后,体重降低,体重增长趋势缓慢。图10为造模成功后给药期间大鼠的体重变化图,结果表明,大鼠在给药期间体重均呈现平稳变化。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.丹参保心茶在制备预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍药物中的新应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述新应用,其特征在于,所述丹参保心茶由丹参提取物和绿茶组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述新应用,其特征在于,所述丹参提取物的制备方法为:丹参用水煎煮1~3次,收集煎煮药液浓缩,冷却后加入乙醇溶液混合均匀,静置12~48h,过滤,滤液浓缩成清膏,即得。
4.根据权利要求2所述新应用,其特征在于,所述绿茶为绿茶粗粉。
5.根据权利要求2所述新应用,其特征在于,所述丹参提取物与绿茶按照质量比为5:1.5~5:2.5混合后,干燥,即得丹参保心茶。
6.根据权利要求3所述新应用,其特征在于,所述煎煮的时间为1~2.5h。
7.根据权利要求1所述新应用,其特征在于,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为增加新物体的探索时间。
8.根据权利要求1所述新应用,其特征在于,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为增加Y迷宫实验中的正确入臀率。
9.根据权利要求1所述新应用,其特征在于,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为改善线粒体代谢。
10.根据权利要求1所述新应用,其特征在于,所述预防和/或治疗认知功能障碍为改善脑能量代谢。
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