CN117264920A - 一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体h416w及其糖基化修饰甘油的应用 - Google Patents
一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体h416w及其糖基化修饰甘油的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W,麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W通过将麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP中第416位的组氨酸突变成色氨酸而得到,所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W由771个氨基酸组成,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶的突变体H416W,能够以麦芽糖为糖基供体,以甘油为糖基受体,相对于野生酶在转糖苷功能方面增加了对甘油的转糖苷活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明一种酶突变体及其应用,具体涉及一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W及其糖基化修饰甘油的应用。
背景技术
二糖磷酸化酶,能够可逆地催化二糖与磷酸生成相应的糖基-1-磷酸和单糖,根据反应前后异头碳的构型是否发生改变,可以分为保留型和翻转型。除了GH13家族和GT4家族的二糖磷酸化酶为保留型外,其余的都是翻转型。麦芽糖磷酸化酶(maltosephosphorylase,EC 2.4.1.8),属于糖基水解酶65家族,在磷酸盐存在的条件下,能够可逆地催化麦芽糖(4-O-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-D-葡萄糖)生成β-D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸和D-葡萄糖。在催化机制上,麦芽糖磷酸化酶属于翻转型二糖磷酸化酶,由于催化反应的可逆性,其逆反应可用于合成多种高价值稀有二糖和糖苷,在农业、食品、保健以及制药等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
在反向磷酸化反应中,麦芽糖磷酸化酶展现出了广泛的α-糖苷合成活性。根据文献报道,多数麦芽糖磷酸化酶能够以葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖、曲二糖等单糖或双糖作为糖基受体底物,催化合成新型的二糖或三糖。除了以糖类作为糖基受体外,麦芽糖磷酸化酶也能够将葡萄糖基转移到水杨醇和吲哚酚糖类物质上。
甘油葡萄糖苷,是一种由葡萄糖基和甘油通过糖苷键连接而成的糖苷化合物,它是植物和微生物在胁迫条件下自发合成的一种渗透保护物质,在日本清酒、味噌、米醂中也发现含有甘油葡萄糖苷。甘油葡萄糖苷具有低甜度、低吸湿性、高持水性、优良的生物相容性、良好的大分子保护性能和抗肿瘤活性等诸多有趣的理化特性和生物活性。因此,在化妆品、保健、食品、酶生产以及生物制药等领域显示出了巨大的应用潜力。目前用于合成甘油葡萄糖苷的方法主要有化学合成法,酶催化合成法和合成生物学法。其中,化学法利用化学催化剂转化麦芽糖、异麦芽糖或海藻糖生产甘油葡萄糖苷,但存在产物没有选择性,无法获得单一纯品的问题;而合成生物学法目前产量较低,暂时难以工业化;因此酶催化法相对而言更有产业化价值。用于催化生产甘油葡萄糖苷的酶主要有α-葡萄糖苷酶、环糊精葡聚糖转移酶、葡萄糖基甘油-磷酸合成酶和蔗糖磷酸化酶,到目前为止还没有报道称麦芽糖磷酸化酶可以用于催化甘油的转糖苷反应。目前为止,还没有关于利用麦芽糖磷酸化酶催化合成甘油葡萄糖苷的技术申请。
发明内容
为改善麦芽糖磷酸化酶的转糖苷功能,本发明提供了一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶的突变体H416W,能够以麦芽糖为糖基供体催化合成甘油葡萄糖苷。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W,通过将麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP中第416位的组氨酸(His)突变成天色氨酸(Trp)而得到,所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W由771个氨基酸组成,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W和突变前的PCMP相比,在转糖苷功能方面增加了对甘油的转糖苷活性。
宿主细胞,包含如上所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的原核细胞或真核细胞。
如上所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W在甘油葡萄糖基化方面的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶的突变体H416W,该突变体酶相对于野生酶在转糖苷功能方面增加了对甘油的转糖苷活性。
附图说明
图1是本发明麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W纯化物的SDS-PAGE图。
图2是麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP和本发明麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物HPLC分析图;其中A为不添加酶的对照样品,B为麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP对甘油的转糖苷产物,C为麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物。
图3是本发明麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物的质谱图。
图4是本发明麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物的糖苷键构型分析;其中,A为未处理对照,B为α-葡萄糖苷酶处理,C为β-葡糖苷酶处理。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。实施例中采用的原料、试剂若无特殊说明,皆为市售所得。
在本发明的实施例中所用到的材料包括:大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)株系JM109、表达载体pQE30购自Stratagene公司;限制性内切酶、修饰酶等试剂购自大连TaKaRa公司;购自Invitrogen公司的镍亲和层析蛋白质组氨酸纯化介质;甘油购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司;麦芽糖购自Sigma公司。
实施例1
麦芽糖磷酸化酶基因pcmp的克隆
对本实验室培养、收藏的一株柯氏类芽孢杆菌GX4(Paenibacillus cookii)进行了全基因组测序,并在其中查找到一个编码麦芽糖磷酸化酶的基因,将其命名为pcmp。
设计上游引物pcmp F:
5′-GGAAGATCTATGAAACCGTATTTAAAGCTCGATC-3′(包含一个BglⅡ酶切位点);
和下游引物pcmp R:
5′-CGGGGTACCCTAGCCTTGCAAAGCGTGCTCGATT-3′(包含一个KpnⅠ酶切位点),以Paenibacillus cookii的基因组DNA为模板,通过聚合酶链式反应PCR扩增麦芽糖磷酸化酶基因pcmp。PCR条件为:98℃预变性3分钟;98℃变性10秒;58℃复性15秒;72℃延伸2分钟30秒;30个循环后,72℃保温10分钟。用限制性内切酶BglⅡ和KpnⅠ酶切麦芽糖磷酸化酶基因pcmp后,插入到经BamH I和KpnⅠ酶切的表达载体pQE30中进行连接,获得的重组质粒命名为pQE30-pcmp。
实施例2
麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W基因的获得
H416W基因是将麦芽糖磷酸化酶基因pcmp的416位的组氨酸突变成色氨酸来进行改造,以实施例1中构建的pQE30-pcmp为模板,用正向引物H416W-F:5′-GAATGCTGGAACGAATGGGAAATCACCTTCGAGGAA-3′和反向引物H416W-R:5′-TTCGTTCCAGCATTCTTCGCCGTTCATCGTCACCAT-3′进行反向PCR反应。PCR条件为:98℃预变性3分钟;98℃变性10秒;60℃复性15秒;72℃延伸6分钟;30个循环后,72℃保温10分钟。PCR产物用1μL限制性内切酶DpnⅠ在37℃水浴锅反应过夜消解模板后,使用化学法将PCR产物转入E.coli JM109感受态细胞中,即可得到含有麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的重组大肠杆菌JM109。将含有麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的重组大肠杆菌JM109送交上海生工生物工程股份有限公司进行DNA测序分析确定正确的转化子。
实施例3
麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的表达和纯化
将实施例2得到的含有麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的重组大肠杆菌JM109菌株接种到250mL含100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB培养基中(LB培养基的配方为:胰蛋白胨10g/L;酵母提取物5g/L;氯化钠10g/L),37℃振荡培养,待OD600达到0.5时,加入终浓度为0.5mmol/L的IPTG(异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷),20℃诱导22小时。6000rpm离心10分钟,收集菌体,用5mL裂解缓冲液(50mmol/L NaH2PO4,300mmol/L NaCl,10mmol/L咪唑,pH 8.0)重悬菌体,置于冰水混合浴中使用超声波细胞破碎仪进行细胞破碎,工作参数为:工作时间5s、间歇时间10s、总时间为20min、超声功率为200W。细胞破碎液进行低温高速离心,取上清液与镍亲和层析填充料混合均匀,置于冰上在脱色摇床振荡2h。将结合后的混合液完全转移到蛋白纯化柱中,排出液体;加入1mL预冷的冲洗缓冲液(50mmol/L NaH2PO4,300mmol/L NaCl,20mmol/L咪唑,pH 8.0)重悬填料,静置30s后排空液体,重复洗涤10次以完全洗去杂蛋白;再加入500μL预冷的洗脱缓冲液(50mmol/L NaH2PO4,300mmol/L NaCl,250mmol/L咪唑,pH 8.0),充分吹打混匀,静置5min后收集排出液,即得麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的纯化物。用变性的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析,由图1中发现有一条明显的目的突变体酶H416W蛋白质条带。并且从图1了解到,麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W纯化物的分子量为88kDa。
实施例4
麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物的HPLC分析
实施例3所得麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的纯化物对甘油的转糖苷反应体系:以终浓度为600mmol/L的麦芽糖为供体底物,5%质量浓度的甘油作为糖基受体,添加2U/mL麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的纯化物,在50℃、pH 6.5条件下反应24小时,然后将反应后所得产物放置在沸水中10分钟终止反应,室温冷却,进行HPLC分析,检测其反应产物。
HPLC工作条件:Agilent 1260系列液相色谱仪;示差检测器;色谱柱:Alltima NH2色谱柱(250×4.6mm);流速1.0mL/min;进样量20μL;柱温:30℃;流动相:83%乙腈等度洗脱。
突变前的麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP也按照上述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的纯化物对甘油的转糖苷反应体系测定它对甘油的转糖苷活性。
麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP和麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物HPLC分析结果如图2所示,分析发现:甘油标准品的出峰时间为5.73min,在麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP对甘油的转糖苷产物中仅多出了一个出峰时间为9.28min的产物,经分析该产物是葡萄糖,这说明麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP只能催化麦芽糖的磷酸解反应而不能催化甘油的转糖苷反应;而突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物中除了葡萄糖外还出现了一个出峰时间在10.55min的物质,这说明突变体H416W对甘油具有转糖苷反应活性,经计算,突变体H416W对甘油的转化率为31.89%。
实施例5
麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物的鉴定
使用液相色谱质谱联用仪UPLC-MS(美国热电公司,Thermo Scientific Ultimate3000)对实施例3所得麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的纯化物对甘油的转糖苷产物进行UPLC-MS分析,分析产物的分子量大小以及葡萄糖基的数量。
UPLC-MS分析方法如下:
液相色谱条件:Agilent Zorbax RRHD Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(2.1mm×50mm,1.8μm),流动相:A:1%甲酸水溶液;B:乙腈,梯度洗脱:5-38% B(0-10min);38% B(10-12min);38-100% B(12-14min);100-5% B(14-14.5min);5%B(14.5-15.5),柱温:35℃,流速:0.4mL/min,进样量:3μL。
质谱条件:仪器为Thermo Scientific Q-EXACTIVE,电喷雾离子源(ESI),使用正离子模式。脱溶剂气流量为600L/h,脱溶剂气温度为350℃,锥孔气流量和锥孔电压分别为50L/h和35V,离子源温度为120℃,毛细管电压为3.0kV。
麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物的质谱图如图3所示,从质谱图中可以看出,反应产物中除了质荷比为93.05的剩余甘油外,还存在质荷比为255.11和417.16的甘油单葡萄糖苷和甘油双葡萄糖苷。这说明麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W能够将一个或两个葡萄糖基转移到甘油上,并且甘油单葡萄糖苷是主要产物,即麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W对甘油的转糖苷产物为甘油单葡萄糖苷和甘油双葡萄糖苷的混合物。
向上述甘油转糖苷产物中分别加入2000U的商品化α-葡萄糖苷酶、100μg/mL的高效β-葡萄糖苷酶,于37℃水浴锅中反应24h,煮沸终止后进行HPLC检测,分析甘油转糖苷产物中糖苷键的类型。分析结果如图4所示,α-葡萄糖苷酶能够水解麦芽糖和葡萄糖基甘油,使得甘油和葡萄糖的含量增加,而β-葡萄糖苷酶对甘油转糖苷产物没有水解活性,因此可以判定本发明所制得的甘油转糖苷产物中的糖苷键为α-糖苷键。
上述分析结果说明,麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W能够催化甘油发生转糖苷反应生成甘油α-葡萄糖苷。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (3)
1.一种麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W,其特征在于:麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W通过将麦芽糖磷酸化酶PCMP中第416位的组氨酸突变成色氨酸而得到,所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W由771个氨基酸组成,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
2.宿主细胞,包含如权利要求1所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W的原核细胞或真核细胞。
3.如权利要求1所述麦芽糖磷酸化酶突变体H416W在甘油葡萄糖基化方面的应用。
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