CN117256529A - Artificial breeding method for golden pomfret - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method for golden pomfret Download PDFInfo
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- CN117256529A CN117256529A CN202311479892.3A CN202311479892A CN117256529A CN 117256529 A CN117256529 A CN 117256529A CN 202311479892 A CN202311479892 A CN 202311479892A CN 117256529 A CN117256529 A CN 117256529A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial breeding method of golden pomfret, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: selecting golden pomfret with strong disease resistance and mature gonad development as parent fish, intensively and finely raising, and feeding nutritional feed in the maturation-promoting period; s2, artificial induced spawning: anaesthesia of the parent fish, and disposable injection of luteinizing hormone analogue; s3, spawning and spawning collection: placing parent fish to be produced into a bolting silk net, installing underwater sound in a net cage, freely fertilizing, collecting fertilized eggs, cleaning, and transferring into a hatching pond; s4, hatching: manufacturing an incubation bag, arranging a sunshade above the incubation bag, and incubating by adopting still water micro-inflation of a primary pond; s5, seedling raising: the fries are transferred into an outdoor sunny fish raising pond, chlorella is connected, water quality is regulated and controlled, biological bottom modifying agent is sprayed, and an aerator is started in the middle stage. The method can obviously improve the hatching rate and the survival rate of seedlings of fertilized eggs of golden pomfret and reduce the deformity rate and the morbidity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to an artificial breeding method of golden pomfret.
Background
The golden pomfret is characterized by being a warm water middle-upper layer fish, being tender in meat, delicious in taste, rich in nutrition, high in protein content, rich in unsaturated fatty acid, capable of reducing cholesterol, rich in trace elements selenium and magnesium, capable of preventing cardiovascular diseases such as coronary arteriosclerosis and the like, capable of delaying organism aging and capable of preventing cancers, and is a famous edible fish.
The golden pomfret grows fast, can reach the commercial fish specification on the market in the same year, has remarkable economic benefit and is popular with breeders, but the golden pomfret is abused in recent years, so that the yield of the golden pomfret is greatly reduced. At present, deep sea cage culture of golden pomfret is promoted, but the deep sea area environment is complex, the survival rate of golden pomfret seedlings is low, natural breeding is difficult, the emergence rate of a general artificial breeding method also cannot meet the market demand, and therefore, the artificial breeding method capable of improving the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of golden pomfret and the survival rate of seedlings is an urgent problem in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which can remarkably improve the hatching rate and the survival rate of seedlings of fertilized eggs of golden pomfret and reduce the deformity rate and the morbidity.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an artificial breeding method of golden pomfret, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: selecting golden pomfret which shows strong disease resistance and mature gonad development as parent fish through observation, putting the parent fish into a deep sea net cage for concentrated intensive culture 2 months before the propagation season comes, and feeding nutrient substances in the maturation promoting period;
s2, artificial induced spawning: spawning induction is carried out in a net cage, and after the parent fish is anesthetized and lying on its side, luteinizing hormone analogue (LRH-A) is injected into the pectoral fin base of golden pomfret 2 Or LRH-A 3 )；
S3, spawning and spawning collection: placing female fish and male fish to be produced into a bolting silk net according to the quantity of 1:1, installing underwater sound in a net cage, playing sound to stimulate spawning, freely fertilizing egg grains in water, floating fertilized eggs in water, collecting the fertilized eggs by the bolting silk net, cleaning to remove sinking dead eggs, counting and transferring the eggs into a hatching pond;
s4, hatching: manufacturing an incubation bag, arranging a sunshade above the incubation bag, arranging an automatic light control system in the sunshade, uniformly emitting diffuse reflection light, incubating by adopting hydrostatic micro-aeration of a primary pond, and keeping the water temperature at 25-28 ℃ by using a water temperature regulator;
s5, seedling raising: the fish fry is transferred into an outdoor sunny fish raising pond, the fish raising pond is disinfected before being transferred into the outdoor sunny fish raising pond, seawater chlorella is inoculated, a sensor and an automatic control system are utilized for water quality regulation and control, the water quality parameters in the fish raising pond are monitored in real time, the automatic regulation is carried out according to the needs, 10d is still water cultivation before the breeding, only water is added without changing water, 10d begins to change water, the water changing amount is gradually increased according to the growth condition of fish fry, impurities at the bottom of the pond are cleaned every day, biological bottom-changing agent is sprayed, a waterwheel aerator is started in the middle period, and granular feed made of spirulina powder, saccharomycetes, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder is fed in the young fish period;
further, in the step S1, golden pomfret with 3-4 years old and weight of 4-6 kg is selected as parent fish, and the nutrition substances are as follows in mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:0.1 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, yeast, spirulina powder and proteinase k;
further describing, in the step S2, the parent fish is put into sea water with eugenol concentration of 30-35mg/L for anesthesia; luteinizing hormone analogue (LRH-A) 2 Or LRH-A 3 ) The injection amount is 10-12 mug/kg fish body weight;
further describing that the female fish and the male fish to be produced in the step S3 are placed in a 60-80 mesh bolting silk net, and the sound frequency range is between 100 and 200 Hz;
further described, the egg laying density in the step S4 is 10-15 ten thousand grains/m 3 The light control system simulates natural illumination, the illumination intensity is 50-90lux, and the water temperature is kept at 25-28 ℃;
further illustrated, in the step S5, the fish raising pond area is 3 mu, the pond depth is 2m, and the chlorella concentration is 50 multiplied by 10 4 water/L;
further, in the step S5, the transparency of the water body is controlled to be 40-80cm, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-10mg/L;
further describing, in the step S5, the biological primer is EM bacteria, and the biological primer is splashed once every 15-20 days;
further, in the step S5, the medium period is that the larval fish grows to 1cm;
further, in the step S5, the juvenile period is the period from the development of each movement organ to the 1 month age, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the saccharomycete to the honeysuckle powder to the dark plum powder is 5:2:1:1.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, golden pomfret with mature gonad is selected as parent fish, shrimp crab powder, cod liver oil, saccharomycetes and spirulina powder are fed in a maturation promoting period and are matched with proteinase K, so that the constitution of the parent fish can be enhanced, the fertilization rate of spawning quantity can be increased, and the whole quality of offspring can be improved, the deformity rate is reduced, and the disease resistance is enhanced by selecting parent fish with strong disease resistance;
(2) The invention adopts injection luteinizing hormone analogue and playing sound to promote spawning together, which is more than fertilized eggs under single action, greatly reduces the spawning time and improves the hatching rate of fertilized eggs;
(3) The sunshade is arranged above the hatching device, diffuse reflection light is uniformly emitted, the golden pomfret needs to keep enough light in the hatching process, but direct light is not suitable, and the uniform diffuse reflection light is more beneficial to hatching;
(4) The outdoor sun-facing seedling raising pond is selected, the average temperature in the Hainan area is 25 ℃, the outdoor sun-facing illumination is sufficient, the biological bottom-modifying agent is sprayed regularly, the biological bottom-modifying agent can not only play a role in bottom modification, but also play a role in algae cultivation and bacteria cultivation, the photosynthesis of algae and the cultivation of bait organisms are integrally facilitated, the seedling raising survival rate is improved, and the incidence rate of white spot disease is reduced;
(4) The invention feeds the granular feed prepared from spirulina powder, saccharomycetes, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder in the juvenile period, the plant protein replaces animal protein, the dependence on limited resources is reduced, the environmental impact is reduced, the saccharomycetes can promote the balance of intestinal flora, the immune system of fish is enhanced, the honeysuckle has the antiviral and antibacterial effects, the dark plum contains rich ellagic acid and flavonoid compounds, the feed composition also has the antibacterial and antiviral effects, the survival rate of young seedlings can be greatly improved, and the morbidity is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the embodiment of the invention, the automatic light control system is purchased from the United states Lutony illumination, the sensor and the automatic control system are purchased from Shenzhen Aikerui instrument limited company, and the waterwheel aerator is purchased from Shanghai Yuqing environmental protection technology limited company.
Example 1
An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: regularly observing and monitoring the health condition of golden pomfret population, selecting golden pomfret which shows strong disease resistance, has the weight of 4 kg at 3 years and mature gonad as parent fish, putting the parent fish into a deep sea net cage for concentrated intensive culture 2 months before the breeding season, and feeding the parent fish in the maturation promoting period with the mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:0.1 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, saccharomycetes, spirulina powder and proteinase K;
s2, artificial induced spawning: water temperature toArtificial spawning is carried out on parent fish at 20deg.C, spawning is carried out in a net cage, the parent fish is put into sea water with eugenol concentration of 35mg/L for anesthesia, after the parent fish is anesthetized and lying on side, luteinizing hormone analogue (LRH-A) is injected into the base of pectoral fin of golden pomfret at one time 2 Or LRH-A 3 ) The injection amount is 10 mug/kg fish body weight;
s3, spawning and spawning collection: placing female fish and male fish to be laid into a 60-mesh bolting silk net according to the number of 1:1, installing underwater sound in a net cage, playing 100HZ sound to stimulate spawning, keeping the water temperature at 25 ℃, allowing the spawn to fertilize freely in water to form fertilized eggs, allowing the fertilized eggs to float in water, collecting the fertilized eggs by the bolting silk net, cleaning to remove sinking dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a hatching pond after counting;
s4, hatching: manufacturing hatching bags, arranging a sunshade above the hatching bags, arranging an automatic light control system in the sunshade, simulating natural illumination, uniformly emitting diffuse reflection light, illuminating at 50lux, and arranging 10 ten thousand grains/m egg density 3 The method comprises the steps of adopting the original pool still water to carry out micro-inflation incubation, keeping the water temperature at 25-28 ℃ by using a water temperature regulator, enabling a heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature of the pool to rise when the temperature of the pool is lower than a set temperature, stopping the heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature to fall when the temperature reaches the set temperature, and repeatedly carrying out the operations to keep the water temperature of the pool. Measuring the hatching rate and the deformity rate, wherein the hatching rate is the number of newly hatched fries/the number of fertilized eggs transferred into a hatching pond, the deformity fries refer to individuals with tail bending, oil ball ectopic and spine bending, and the deformity rate is the number of deformity fries/the number of newly hatched fries;
s5, seedling raising: transferring the hatched fries into outdoor sunny fish raising pond with area of 3 mu and depth of 2m, sterilizing the pond before transferring, and inoculating sea water Chlorella with concentration of 50X10% 4 water/L. The water quality regulation and control means that the sensor and the automatic control system are utilized to monitor the water quality parameters in the fish raising pond in real time, the automatic regulation is carried out according to the needs, the transparency of the water body is controlled at 40cm, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, 10d is still water cultivation before raising the seedlings, only water is added without changing water, 10d begins to change water, the water changing amount is gradually increased according to the growth condition of fish fries, and impurities at the bottom of the pond are cleaned every day. EM bacteria are sprayed every 15 days, and when the medium-term larval fish grows to 1cmStarting a waterwheel aerator; the feeding ratio by mass in the young fish period is 5:2:1:1, spirulina powder, saccharomycetes, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder, wherein the juvenile period is a period from the development of each movement organ to 1 month of age. The survival rate and the incidence rate of young fish were measured, the survival rate = the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity initially hatched, the incidence rate = the number of young fish with color change, speck and abnormal activity after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching.
Example 2
An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: regularly observing and monitoring the health condition of golden pomfret population, selecting golden pomfret which shows strong disease resistance, has the weight of 6 kg at 3 years and mature gonad as parent fish, putting the parent fish into a deep sea net cage for concentrated intensive culture 2 months before the breeding season, and feeding the parent fish in the maturation promoting period with the mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:0.1 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, saccharomycetes, spirulina powder and proteinase K;
s2, artificial induced spawning: artificially inducing spawning in parent fish at 23deg.C, placing parent fish into sea water containing eugenol 30mg/L for anesthesia, and injecting luteinizing hormone analogue (LRH-A) into the base of pectoral fin of golden pomfret after the parent fish is anesthetized and lying on side 2 Or LRH-A 3 ) The injection amount is 12 mug/kg fish body weight;
s3, spawning and spawning collection: placing female fish and male fish to be laid into a 60-mesh bolting silk net according to the number of 1:1, installing underwater sound in a net cage, playing 150HZ sound to stimulate spawning, keeping the water temperature at 26 ℃, allowing eggs to fertilize freely in water to form fertilized eggs, floating the fertilized eggs in water, collecting the fertilized eggs by using the bolting silk net, cleaning to remove sinking dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a hatching pond after counting;
s4, hatching: manufacturing hatching bags, arranging a sunshade above the hatching bags, arranging an automatic light control system in the sunshade, simulating natural illumination, uniformly emitting diffuse reflection light, illuminating at 90lux, and placing egg density15 ten thousand grains/m 3 The method comprises the steps of adopting the original pool still water to carry out micro-inflation incubation, keeping the water temperature at 25-28 ℃ by using a water temperature regulator, enabling a heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature of the pool to rise when the temperature of the pool is lower than a set temperature, stopping the heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature to fall when the temperature reaches the set temperature, and repeatedly carrying out the operations to keep the water temperature of the pool. Measuring the hatching rate and the deformity rate, wherein the hatching rate is the number of newly hatched fries/the number of fertilized eggs transferred into a hatching pond, the deformity fries refer to individuals with tail bending, oil ball ectopic and spine bending, and the deformity rate is the number of deformity fries/the number of newly hatched fries;
s5, seedling raising: transferring the hatched fries into outdoor sunny fish raising pond with area of 3 mu and depth of 2m, sterilizing the pond before transferring, and inoculating sea water Chlorella with concentration of 50X10% 4 water/L. The water quality regulation and control means that the sensor and the automatic control system are utilized to monitor the water quality parameters in the fish raising pond in real time, the automatic regulation is carried out according to the needs, the transparency of the water body is controlled at 60cm, the water temperature is 28 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 8mg/L, 10d is still water cultivation before the seedling raising, only water is added without changing water, 10d begins to change water, the water changing amount is gradually increased according to the growth condition of the fish fry, and impurities at the bottom of the pond are cleaned every day. EM bacteria are sprayed once every 20 days, and when the middle-stage larval fish grows to 1cm, the waterwheel aerator is started; the feeding ratio by mass in the young fish period is 5:2:1:1 is prepared from spirulina powder, saccharomycete, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder, wherein the juvenile period is a period from the development of each movement organ to 1 month of age. The survival rate and the incidence rate of young fish were measured, the survival rate = the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity initially hatched, the incidence rate = the number of young fish with color change, speck and abnormal activity after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching.
Example 3
An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: regularly observing and monitoring the health condition of golden pomfret population, selecting golden pomfret which shows strong disease resistance, has the weight of 6 kg at 3 years and mature gonad as parent fish, putting the parent fish into a deep sea net cage for concentrated intensive culture 2 months before the breeding season, and feeding the parent fish in the maturation promoting period with the mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:0.1 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, saccharomycetes, spirulina powder and proteinase K;
s2, artificial induced spawning: artificial spawning is carried out on parent fish at a water temperature of 25 ℃, spawning is carried out in a net cage, the parent fish is put into seawater with eugenol concentration of 32mg/L for anesthesia, after the parent fish is anesthetized and lying on side, the luteinizing hormone analogue (LRH-A) is injected at one time at the base of the pectoral fin of the golden pomfret 2 Or LRH-A 3 ) The injection amount is 12 mug/kg fish body weight;
s3, spawning and spawning collection: placing female fish and male fish to be produced into a bolting silk net of 80 meshes according to the number of 1:1, installing underwater sound in a net cage, playing 200HZ sound to stimulate spawning, keeping the water temperature at 30 ℃, enabling spawning time to be 29h, enabling spawn grains to fertilize freely in water to form fertilized eggs, enabling the fertilized eggs to float in the water, collecting the fertilized eggs by the bolting silk net, cleaning to remove sinking dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a hatching pond after counting;
s4, hatching: manufacturing hatching bags, arranging a sunshade above the hatching bags, arranging an automatic light control system in the sunshade, simulating natural illumination, uniformly emitting diffuse reflection light, illuminating at 90lux, and arranging eggs with density of 15 ten thousand grains/m 3 The method comprises the steps of adopting the original pool still water to carry out micro-inflation incubation, keeping the water temperature at 25-28 ℃ by using a water temperature regulator, enabling a heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature of the pool to rise when the temperature of the pool is lower than a set temperature, stopping the heat exchanger to work to enable the temperature to fall when the temperature reaches the set temperature, and repeatedly carrying out the operations to keep the water temperature of the pool. Measuring the hatching rate and the deformity rate, wherein the hatching rate is the number of newly hatched fries/the number of fertilized eggs transferred into a hatching pond, the deformity fries refer to individuals with tail bending, oil ball ectopic and spine bending, and the deformity rate is the number of deformity fries/the number of newly hatched fries;
s5, seedling raising: transferring the hatched fries into outdoor sunny fish raising pond with area of 3 mu and depth of 2m, sterilizing the pond before transferring, and inoculating sea water Chlorella with concentration of 50X10% 4 water/L. The water quality regulation and control utilizes a sensor and an automatic control system,the water quality parameters in the fish raising pond are monitored in real time, the water quality parameters are automatically adjusted according to the needs, the transparency of the water body is controlled at 80cm, the water temperature is 30 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 10mg/L, 10d is still water cultivation before raising the seedlings, only water is added without changing the water, 10d begins to change the water, the water changing amount is gradually increased according to the growth condition of fish fries, and impurities at the bottom of the pond are cleaned every day. The EM bacteria are sprayed once every 18 days, and when the medium-term larval fish grows to 1cm, the waterwheel aerator is started; the feeding ratio by mass in the young fish period is 5:2:1:1 is prepared from spirulina powder, saccharomycete, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder, wherein the juvenile period is a period from the development of each movement organ to 1 month of age. The survival rate and the incidence rate of young fish were measured, the survival rate = the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity initially hatched, the incidence rate = the number of young fish with color change, speck and abnormal activity after hatching/the number of young fish without deformity growing to the age of 35 days after hatching.
Comparative example 1
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in the step S1, the feeding mass ratio of the ripening period is 1:1:1:2 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, saccharomycetes and spirulina powder.
Parent fish spawned less than example 3.
Comparative example 2
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in the step S5, the feeding ratio by mass in the juvenile period is 5:2 is prepared from spirulina powder and saccharomycetes.
Comparative example 3
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in the step S5, the feeding ratio by mass in the juvenile period is 5:2:1, spirulina powder, saccharomycetes and honeysuckle powder.
Comparative example 4
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in step S2, the same dose of physiological saline is injected.
The induced spawning time in step S3 is 40h, and the number of fertilized eggs is less than that of example 3.
Comparative example 5
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in step S3, no sound is played.
The induced spawning time in step S3 is 34h, and the number of fertilized eggs is less than that of example 3.
Comparative example 6
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: in the step S4, the sunshade is changed into a common sunshade net without an automatic light control system.
Comparative example 7
An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret, which is different from the embodiment 3 in that: and (3) transferring the fries hatched in the step (S5) into an indoor fish raising pond, wherein the area of the fish raising pond is 3 mu, the pond depth is 2m, and the other conditions are the same as those in the embodiment (3).
Experimental results
The results of statistics of the hatchability, the deformity, the survival rate of seedlings, and the morbidity of fertilized eggs of golden pomfret in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Project | Fertilized egg hatching rate% | Rate of malformation% | Survival rate of young seedlings% | Incidence of disease% |
| Example 1 | 96 | 0.4 | 82 | 0.2 |
| Example 2 | 97 | 0.4 | 81 | 0.1 |
| Example 3 | 98 | 0.3 | 83 | 0.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 92 | 3.5 | 75 | 2.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 98 | 0.3 | 77 | 1.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 98 | 0.3 | 80 | 0.8 |
| Comparative example 4 | 94 | 1.1 | 77 | 0.3 |
| Comparative example 5 | 95 | 0.9 | 78 | 0.3 |
| Comparative example 6 | 90 | 4.9 | 68 | 3.2 |
| Comparative example 7 | 98 | 0.3 | 62 | 6.7 |
As can be seen from the above table, the fertilized eggs of example 3 had the highest hatching rate and the survival rate of the young seedlings, and the lowest rate of deformity and morbidity. The parent golden pomfret in the comparative example 1 has less spawning amount than that of the parent golden pomfret in the example 3, and compared with the example 3, the feed in the maturation-promoting period of the comparative example 1 has no proteinase K, and the proteinase K has better degradation effect on animal and plant proteins, promotes nutrient absorption of shrimp crab meal and spirulina powder, provides nutrition, enhances physique, and simultaneously promotes ovarian development and ovulation. The results of example 3 and comparative example 2, comparative example 3 show that: the young fish stage is fed with the combined pellet feed prepared from spirulina powder, saccharomycetes, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder, so that the survival rate of young fish can be improved, and the morbidity can be reduced. The spawning induction time of example 3 is 29h, the spawning induction time of comparative example 4 is 40h, the spawning induction time of comparative example 5 is 34h, and the number of fertilized eggs in example 3 is more than that of comparative example 4 and comparative example 5, and the results show that: injection of luteinizing hormone analogue and playing sound together promote oviposition better than single action. The fertilized eggs in comparative example 6 have the lowest hatching rate and highest deformity rate, even diffuse reflection light is more beneficial to hatching fertilized eggs, the young seedlings in comparative example 7 have the lowest survival rate and highest morbidity, and the illumination of an indoor seedling raising pond is not beneficial to the growth of young seedlings, so that 'white spot disease' is easy to occur.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial breeding method for golden pomfret is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and culturing parent fish: selecting golden pomfret which shows strong disease resistance and mature gonad development as parent fish through observation, putting the golden pomfret into a deep sea net cage for concentrated intensive culture, and feeding nutrient substances in a maturation promoting period;
s2, artificial induced spawning: anaesthesia of the parent fish, and disposable injection of luteinizing hormone analogue;
s3, spawning and spawning collection: placing parent fish to be laid in a bolting silk net, installing underwater sound in a net cage, playing sound to stimulate spawning, freely fertilizing egg grains in water, collecting fertilized eggs, cleaning, and transferring into a hatching pond;
s4, hatching: manufacturing a hatching bag, arranging a sunshade above the hatching bag, arranging an automatic light control system in the sunshade, uniformly emitting diffuse reflection light, and hatching by adopting the hydrostatic micro-aeration of a primary pond;
s5, seedling raising: the fish fry is transferred into an outdoor sunny fish raising pond, chlorella is connected, water quality is regulated and controlled, biological bottom modifier is sprayed, a waterwheel aerator is started in the middle period, and granular feed prepared from spirulina powder, saccharomycetes, honeysuckle powder and dark plum powder is fed in the fish fry stage.
2. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, golden pomfret with 3-4 years old and 4-6 kg of weight is selected as parent fish, and the nutrition substances are as follows in mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:0.1 shrimp crab meal, cod liver oil, yeast, spirulina powder and proteinase k.
3. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the parent fish is put into sea water with eugenol concentration of 30-35mg/L for anesthesia, and the injection quantity of the luteinizing hormone-releasing analogue is 10-12 mug/kg fish body weight.
4. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) putting the female fish and the male fish to be produced in the step (S3) into a 60-80 mesh bolting silk net according to the number of 1:1, wherein the sound frequency range is between 100 and 200 Hz.
5. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: the egg laying density in the step S4 is 10-15 ten thousand grains/m 3 The light control system simulates natural illumination, the illumination intensity is 50-90lux, and the water temperature is kept at 25-28 ℃.
6. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish raising pond in the step S5 has the area of 3 mu, the pond depth of 2m and the chlorella concentration of 50 multiplied by 10 4 water/L.
7. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparency of the water body in the step S5 is controlled at 40-80cm, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-10mg/L.
8. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the biological primer is EM bacteria, and the biological primer is splashed once every 15-20 days.
9. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the medium period is when the larval fish grows to 1cm.
10. An artificial breeding method of golden pomfret according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the juvenile period is a period from the development perfection of each moving organ to 1 month of age, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the saccharomycete to the honeysuckle powder to the dark plum powder is 5:2:1:1.
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