CN117142860A - 一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种煤矸石‑碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体及其制备方法。本发明以碳化硅与煤矸石为骨料，以高岭土、石墨粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、大豆油、甘油为添加剂，经过挤出成型、干燥与反应烧结，制得多孔支撑体材料。本发明制备方法工艺简单，制备周期短，制备的煤矸石‑碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体纯水通量高，抗弯强度大，具有良好的孔道结构。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体及其制备方法，属于陶瓷膜技术领域。
背景技术
碳化硅陶瓷具有硬度高、密度小、耐高温耐腐蚀以及热导率高、热膨胀系数小、化学稳定性好的特点，因此常被应用于高温腐蚀等复杂的环境中，而碳化硅陶瓷膜作为碳化硅陶瓷材料的一种，以其出色的水热稳定性、机械稳定性、化学稳定性、抗热震性以及优异的亲水性和抗污染能力而迅速成为膜领域中重要的新兴材料。
煤矸石是采煤、洗煤过程中常见的一种固体废弃物，是一种在成煤过程中与煤层伴生的一种含碳量较低、比煤坚硬的黑灰色岩石。我国煤矸石的积存量达10亿吨以上，并且还以每年1亿吨的速度排出。煤矸石的堆积，不仅占用大片土地还会自燃发生火灾，另外，煤矸石中的硫化物逸出或浸出还会污染大气、农田和水体。
目前，对于煤矸石的利用主要在是在火力发电，生产水泥、粘土砖等建材，填坑筑路等方面， 但由于对煤矸石的再生利用不够、技术不完善和地区发展不平衡等因素仍有大量的煤矸石被丢弃，而且在利用途中存在着利用率低、污染环境等危害。
煤矸石的主要成分是SiO2和Al2O3，因此，如何利用煤矸石物质特性，提高煤矸石的利用率，减少污染是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
为解决现有煤矸石堆积的问题，提高煤矸石的利用率，减少污染，同时还能够降低碳化硅陶瓷膜支撑体的烧结温度，本发明提供一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案为：
一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体，以碳化硅与煤矸石为骨料，以石墨粉、高岭土、羟丙基甲基纤维素、大豆油、甘油为添加剂，采用挤出成型法制得胚体，使用反应烧结的方法制得煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体，其制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1) 取适量碳化硅粉、煤矸石粉、石墨粉、高岭土、羟丙基甲基纤维素、大豆油、甘油、去离子水置于捏合机中进行捏合，将捏合好的泥料陈腐15-30 h；
(2) 将经过步骤(1)陈腐好的泥料置于真空炼泥机中进行炼泥，炼泥完成后陈腐15-30 h；
(3) 将经过步骤(2)陈腐好的泥料置于挤出机中进行挤出，挤出好的湿胚在室温干燥24 h；
(4) 将经过步骤(3)干燥好的泥料置于马弗炉中以一定升温程序在1200-1500 ℃下保温1-3 h，最后冷却至室温，得到煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体。
进一步地所述步骤(3)中挤出机的压力为5-10 MPa。
进一步地在所述步骤(4)中进行反应烧结，烧结程序为以2-5℃/min升温至1200-1500，并保温1-3 h；最后自然降温至室温。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的制备方法工艺简单，制备周期短，采用高岭土为烧结助剂，降低了烧结温度，煤矸石的加入，大大的提高了煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的抗弯强度；石墨粉的加入也在一定程度上提高提高材料的孔隙率，进而提升其透过性能。
附图说明
图1为所制备的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的照片。
图2为所制备的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的扫描电镜图，其中(a)为表面图，(b)为断面图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明，但本发明并不限于此。
实施例1
取碳化硅粉60 wt%、煤矸石粉10 wt%、高岭土10 wt%、石墨粉10 wt%、羟丙基甲基纤维素5 wt%、大豆油3 wt%、甘油3 wt%置于捏合机中，捏合3-10 min，使原料充分混合，随后加入去离子水20-30 wt%，捏合60-90 min；倒出捏合好的泥料进行陈腐15-30 h，随后再使用真空炼泥机中进行炼泥，炼泥完成后陈腐15-30 h；随后利用挤出机进行挤出，将陈腐好的泥料置于挤出机内膛后缓慢加压至5-10 MPa，最后得到湿胚，在室温下干燥24 h；最后利用马弗炉以空气氛围在1200-1500℃下进行烧结1-3 h，得到的支撑体孔径为2.83 μm，孔隙率为40.66%，纯水通量为43390 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1，抗弯强度为86 MPa。
实施例2
取碳化硅粉50 wt%、煤矸石粉20 wt%、高岭土10 wt%、石墨粉10 wt%、羟丙基甲基纤维素5 wt%、大豆油3 wt%、甘油3 wt%置于捏合机中，捏合3-10 min，使原料充分混合，随后加入去离子水20-30 wt%，捏合60-90 min；倒出捏合好的泥料进行陈腐15-30 h，随后再使用真空炼泥机中进行炼泥，炼泥完成后陈腐15-30 h；随后利用挤出机进行挤出，将陈腐好的泥料置于挤出机内膛后缓慢加压至5-10 MPa，最后得到湿胚，在室温下干燥24 h；最后利用马弗炉以空气氛围在1200-1500℃下进行烧结1-3 h，得到的支撑体孔径为3.75 μm，孔隙率为35.48%，纯水通量为50388 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1，抗弯强度为92 MPa。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，但并不用于限制本发明。凡是利用本发明说明书所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，以及不脱离本发明构思前提下做出的若干改进、等同替换，均在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法包括：将混合的原料挤出成型、干燥与反应烧结。
2.权利要求1所述的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1) 取适量碳化硅粉、煤矸石粉、石墨粉、高岭土、羟丙基甲基纤维素、大豆油、液压油、甘油、去离子水置于捏合机中进行捏合，将捏合好的泥料陈腐15-30 h；
(2) 将经过步骤(1)陈腐好的泥料置于真空炼泥机中进行炼泥，炼泥完成后陈腐15-30h；
(3) 将经过步骤(2)陈腐好的泥料置于挤出机中进行挤出，挤出好的湿胚在室温干燥24 h；
(4) 将经过步骤(3)干燥好的泥料置于马弗炉中以一定程序进行升温，并在1200-1500℃下保温1-3 h，最后冷却至室温，得到煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中挤出机的压力为5-10 MPa。
4.根据权利要求2所述的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(4)中进行反应烧结，烧结程序为以2-5℃/min升温至1200-1500℃，并保温1-3h；最后自然降温至室温。
5.一种煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体，其特征在于，所述煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体根据权利要求1~4所述的煤矸石-碳化硅管式陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法制得。
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